Precious Metal Catalysts Research Articles

Methane Combustion Kinetics over Palladium-Based Catalysts: Review and Modelling Guidelines

Fugitive methane emissions account for a significant proportion of greenhouse gas emissions, and their elimination by catalytic combustion is a relatively easy way to reduce global warming. New and novel reactor designs are being considered for this purpose, but their correct and efficient design requires kinetic rate expressions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of the art regarding kinetic models for precious metal catalysts used for the catalytic combustion of lean methane mixtures. The primary emphasis is on relatively low-temperature operation at atmospheric pressure, conditions that are prevalent in the catalytic destruction of low concentrations of methane in emission streams. In addition to a comprehensive literature search, we illustrate a detailed example of the methodology required to determine an appropriate kinetic model and the constants therein. From the wide body of literature, it is seen that the development of a kinetic model is not necessarily a trivial matter, and it is difficult to generalize. The model, especially the dependence on the water concentration, is a function of not only the active ingredients but also the nature of the support. Kinetic modelling is performed for six catalysts, one commercial and five that were manufactured in our laboratory, for illustration purposes.

In situ exsolution of Pt nanoparticles on low Pt-substituted A-site deficient perovskite for efficient CO oxidation

Platinum nanoparticles often lose their efficacy in challenging working environments. In this study, we developed a novel approach for the preparation of highly dispersed precious metal catalysts. The method involves the utilization of composite materials consisting of PtOx/(LC)0.9MP, achieved through the exsolution of a low Pt substituted A-site deficient perovskite (La0.97Ce0.03)0.9Mn0.99Pt0.01O3 ((LC)0.9MP). This procedure facilitates the in situ exsolution of Pt nanoparticles from (LC)0.9MP through heat treatment under 10 vol% H2/Ar environment. During this process, PtOx undergoes transformation to Pt0, exhibiting a high CO catalytic oxidation activity, with the T100(CO) decreasing from 213 to 141 °C. This capability primarily stems from the substantial number of oxygen vacancies and alterations in Pt species induced by the catalyst during the redox process. The active Pt nanoparticles are strongly integrated on the surface of (LC)0.9MP, demonstrate excellent CO oxidation activity and stability. This performance is attributed to the specific structure of perovskite. Upon reoxidation, these particles do not undergo direct reincorporation into the lattice structure. Instead, NPs result in the formation of stable, anchored oxide nanoparticles. This strategy can be extended to other metals oxides catalysts, thus may help the rational design of highly efficient transition metal oxide-based catalysts and beyond.

Bimetallic Ni and Pt single atoms anchored on nitrogen–phosphorus doped porous carbon fibers to achieve significant electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

The commercial application of water electrolysis for hydrogen production requires the development of low precious metal catalysts with a high crustal abundance. One feasible strategy is to utilize bimetallic catalysts composed of both transition and precious metals. In this study, a novel N/P-doped Ni/Pt bimetallic catalyst is developed (NiPt@C-NP, 3.68 % Ni, 0.2 % Pt) using polyacrylonitrile fibers as an inexpensive carbon source for catalyst support. Due to strong anchoring from the N and P heteroatoms, the nickel and platinum species are mono-atomically dispersed throughout the catalyst. Under acidic conditions, NiPt@C-NP exhibits a hydrogen evolution overpotential of 89 mV (10 mA cm−2), whereas an unsupported platinum catalyst gives an overpotential of 302 mV. The mass activity of Pt in NiPt@C-NP reaches 36.17 A mgPt−1, which is 33 times higher than 20 % Pt/C (1.07 A mgPt−1). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that synergistic interactions between Ni and Pt significantly increase the density of state near the Fermi level of NiPt@C-NP, resulting in a reduced bandgap and an enhanced charge transfer capability. Furthermore, the Gibbs free energy at the Pt and Ni sites is − 0.25 and − 0.63 eV, respectively, indicating fast reaction kinetics.

Improved hydrogen generation via NaBH4 hydrolysis: Synergistic role of sulfur and C4+-Doping unveils (440) high-index facets and modulates Co2+/Co3+ ratios in the Co3O4 lattice

Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is crucial for eco-friendly “green” hydrogen (H2) storage, employing controlled release through catalyzed NaBH4 hydrolysis, mitigating its inherent sluggish self-hydrolysis. Precious metal catalysts enhance this process, but face scarcity and cost issues hindering widespread use, prompting interest in Co3O4, specifically with (311) orientation for abundant Co2+ sites. However, excess Co2+ on dominant (311) facets limits catalytic efficacy. This study presents a nuanced synthesis of sulfur (S)- and carbon (C4+)-doped Co3O4 that expose high-index (440) facets and optimize Co2+/Co3+ distribution. The catalytic performance of CoSC-0.1-700 on (440) facets demonstrates remarkable hydrogen generation rate of 4.1 L g−1. min−1 within 10.5 min, 1.81×, 2.42×, and 3.83× higher than control samples, and undoped Co3O4 with (311) dominance, and 1.24× higher than (220). An estimated activation energy (Ea) of 33.63 kJ mol−1, comparable to noble metals, indicates high performance and stability over ten (10) cycles. This approach promises sustainable future in "green" H2 production.

Non-precious metal high-entropy electrocatalysts (Al0.5NiCoCr-X0.5) for OER application

The high entropy alloy electrocatalysts demonstrate exceptional efficiency in the production of hydrogen through water electrolysis. Consequently, the development of durable and economically efficient electrocatalysts has become an urgent objective to accomplish. In order to achieve this goal, a bulk non-precious metal high-entropy alloy, Al0.5NiCoCr-X0.5 (Mo, Mn, Cu, V, Fe), was synthesized and characterized in this study through physical phase analysis and electrochemical property test. To explore the reasons for the influence of the five added elements on the catalytic performance of high entropy alloys in this system and to find the OER electrocatalyst with the best catalytic performance. Electrochemical performance tests were performed in 1 M KOH electrolyte. At a current density of 10 mA·cm−2, the overpotential of the high-entropy alloy catalyst Al0.5NiCoCrMo0.5 was lower than that of the high-entropy alloy with the addition of the other four elements respectively, which was only 327 mV, and lower than that of the conventional noble metal catalyst RuO2, which had an overpotential of 342 mV. This is attributed to the addition of Mo element, which makes Al0.5NiCoCr produce a large number of HCP phases on top of the original FCC phase and a very small number of BCC phases, which is more conducive to the generation of active sites on the surface of the catalysts, and thus improves the OER activity, and the stability can be maintained for at least 20 hours. Therefore, Al0.5NiCoCrMo0.5 high-entropy alloy catalysts can be used in industrial hydrogen production instead of the traditional precious metal catalysts, and it has a rather broad application prospect, and at the same time, it lays a solid foundation for the application of transition metals in catalysts.

Nickel-Catalyzed Lactamization Reaction of 2-Arylanilines with CO2.

Transition-metal-catalyzed lactamization and lactonization of C-H bonds with CO2 assisted by the chelation of amino or hydroxyl groups have been developed but limited to the use of precious metal catalysts such as palladium and rhodium. In this work, we report the nonprecious metal nickel-catalyzed lactamization reaction of 2-arylanilines with CO2 under redox-neutral conditions via C-H bond activation. The reaction displayed excellent functional group tolerance, providing various phenanthridinones with moderate to high yields.

Metal–organic framework–derived trimetallic particles encapsulated by ultrathin nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets on a network of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries

Economical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) bifunctional catalysts with high activity aimed at replacing precious metal catalysts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) must be developed. In this study, a multiple hierarchical-structural material is developed using a facile dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma surface treatment, solvothermal reaction, and high-temperature carbonization strategy. This strategy allows for the construction of nanosheets using nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) material-encapsulated ternary CoNiFe alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on a network of NC nanotubes (NCNTs), denoted as CoNiFe–NC@p–NCNTs. Precisely, the presence of abundant CoNiFe alloy NPs and the formation of M–N–C active sites created by transition metals (cobalt, nickel, and iron) coupled with NC can provide superior OER/ORR bifunctional properties. Moreover, the prepared NC layers with a multilevel pore structure contribute to a larger specific surface area, exposing numerous active sites and enhancing the uniformity of electron and mass movement. The CoNiFe0.08–NC@p–NCNTs show remarkable dual functionality for electrochemical oxygen reactions (ORR half-wave potential of 0.811 V, limiting current density of 5.73 mA cm−2 measured with a rotating disk electrode at a rotation speed of 1600 rpm, and OER overpotential of 351 mV at 10 mA cm−2), which demonstrates similar ORR performance to 20 wt% Pt/C and better OER performance than the commercial RuO2. A liquid ZAB prepared using the proposed material has excellent bifunctionality with an open-circuit voltage of 1.450 V and long-term cycling stability of 230 h@10 mA cm−2.

Iron-catalyzed stereoselective C–H alkylation for simultaneous construction of C–N axial and C-central chirality

The assembly of chiral molecules with multiple stereogenic elements is challenging, and, despite of indisputable advances, largely limited to toxic, cost-intensive and precious metal catalysts. In sharp contrast, we herein disclose a versatile C–H alkylation using a non-toxic, low-cost iron catalyst for the synthesis of substituted indoles with two chiral elements. The key for achieving excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity was substitution on a chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligand providing steric hindrance and extra represented by noncovalent interaction for the concomitant generation of C–N axial chirality and C-stereogenic center. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies have unraveled the origin of the catalytic efficacy and stereoselectivity.

2-Pyridone-Directed CuII-Catalyzed General Method of C(sp2)-H Activation for C-S, C-Se, and C-N Cross-Coupling: Easy Access to Aryl Thioethers, Selenide Ethers, and Sulfonamides and DFT Study.

We have demonstrated N-substituted 2-pyridones as an N,O-directing group for selective C(sp2)-H-activated thiolation, selenylation, and sulfonamidation of ortho C-H bonds of benzamides. This method utilizes a cost-effective Cu(II)-salt catalyst instead of precious metal catalysts, achieving high yields, including gram-scale synthesis and excellent functional group tolerance. We applied this protocol to access 30 different compounds with high yields, demonstrating thiolation of fluorine-substituted benzamides as well. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support the mechanism, including acetate-supported concerted metalation deprotonation (CMD) steps and the unique role of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. The facile synthesis of pharmaceutically important sulfonamides and other compounds highlights the method's potential in chemistry and medicinal chemistry.

PtPdCoNiCu/TiO2 High-Entropy alloy catalyst for synthesis of γ-Butyrolactone by selective hydrogenation of maleic anhydride

The continuous flow selective hydrogenation of maleic anhydride (MA) to γ-butyrolactone (GBL) over highly efficient and long-term stable catalysts is a considerable promising strategy for both lab-scale as well as industrial application. In this work, a PtPdCoNiCu/TiO2 high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalyst is developed by the colloidal impregnation method, in which the HEA colloids are synthesized by lithium naphthalenide-driven reduction at mild conditions according to the redox potential of the various metals. The PtPdCoNiCu/TiO2 catalyst exhibits highly efficient in the hydrogenation of MA with 91 % selectivity to GBL at full conversion of MA under the weighted hourly space velocity of 1.14 h−1, 3 MPa H2, and 260 °C. Due to the present of oxygen vacancy in the TiO2 support and the hydrogen spillover, the PtPdCoNiCu/TiO2 HEA catalyst presents a low apparent activation energy (75 kJ mol−1), boosting the hydrogenolysis of C=O bonds for generating of GBL. The cocktail effect is presented in the PtPdCoNiCu/TiO2 catalyst, and its catalytic activity is much better than that of corresponding monometallic and bimetallic catalysts. It realizes the reduction and substitution of precious metal catalysts. In addition, the PtPdCoNiCu/TiO2 catalyst with sintering resistance and acid resistance shows excellent long-term stability within 132 h. This work is of great significance for understanding HEA catalysis at the atomic level and provides the possibility for developing low-cost and efficient precious metal industrial catalysts.

Dehydroxylative radical N-glycosylation of heterocycles with 1-hydroxycarbohydrates enabled by copper metallaphotoredox catalysis

N-Glycosylated heterocycles play important roles in biological systems and drug development. The synthesis of these compounds heavily relies on ionic N-glycosylation, which is usually constrained by factors such as labile glycosyl donors, precious metal catalysts, and stringent conditions. Herein, we report a dehydroxylative radical method for synthesizing N-glycosides by leveraging copper metallaphotoredox catalysis, in which stable and readily available 1-hydroxy carbohydrates are activated for direct N-glycosylation. Our method employs inexpensive photo- and copper- catalysts and can tolerate some extent of water. The reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope, encompassing 76 examples, and demonstrates high stereoselectivity, favoring 1,2-trans selectivity for furanoses and α-selectivity for pyranoses. It also exhibits high site-selectivity for substrates containing multiple N-atoms. The synthetic utility is showcased through the late-stage functionalization of bioactive compounds and pharmaceuticals like Olaparib, Axitinib, and Metaxalone. Mechanistic studies prove the presence of glycosyl radicals and the importance of copper metallaphotoredox catalysis.

Synthesis of Monodispersed Pd Nanoparticles and Ultrathin Twisty Pd Nanowire Networks for Electrooxidation of Ethanol.

In recent years, preparing precious metal catalysts with a controllable morphology has become a hot research topic for researchers. In this study, monodispersed palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NP) and ultrathin Pd twisty nanowire networks (TNN) were synthesized in a solvothermal system using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and oleylamine (OAm) as solvents, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal the successful synthesis of nanoparticles and ultrathin TNN microstructures. Electrochemical data show that the current densities of Pd-NP and Pd-TNN for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) reach 1878 mA mg-1 and 1765 mA mg-1, respectively. Compared to commercial Pd/C, Pd-TNN and Pd-NP exhibit better catalytic stability, lower electron transfer barriers, and more resistance to catalyst poisoning. Temperature, pH value, and ethanol concentration are all favorable for the EOR. According to the experimental data, the mechanism of enhanced electrocatalytic activity of Pd-NP and Pd-TNN catalysts for ethanol oxidation is discussed. This paper presents a method for preparing catalysts with stabilized structures to develop Pd-based catalysts for electrocatalytic oxidation reactions.

Anion exchange membranes derived from poly(ionic liquid) of poly(bis-piperidinium) and polybenzimidazole blends

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) play a critical role in various environmentally friendly electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices such fuel cells, water electrolysis and flow batteries. Recently, AEMs based on ether-free ionomers or ionenes have attracted much attention due to their excellent alkaline stabilities, however normally suffering from multiple-step synthetic procedure, post-functionalization and the use of precious metal catalysts. In this study, we develop a facile method to synthesize bis-piperidinium main-chain poly(ionic liquid)s devoid of ether linkages through the nucleophilic reaction between a bis-piperidine monomer of 4,4′-trimethylene bis(1-methyl-piperidine) and various bifunctional alkyl or aryl bromides. Seven poly(ionic liquid)s of poly(bis-alkyl piperidinium) are subsequently blended with polybenzimidazole (PBI) to give mechanically robust and dimensionally stable AEMs. The membrane performances are readily adjusted by changing the chemical structure of poly(bis-alkyl piperidinium)s. The membrane based on the poly(bis-alkyl piperidinium) containing a flexible butylidene spacer chain achieves the highest Br- conductivity of 67 mS cm−1 at 80 °C, tensile strength of around 13 MPa at room temperature, and a superior alkaline stability in 1 mol/L KOH at 60 °C during 1250 h. Density functional theory calculations further support the enhanced alkaline stability of the piperidinium cation with alkyl group compared with the one with benzyl group.

Controllable synthesis of a hybrid mesoporous sheets-like Fe0.5NiS2@ P, N-doped carbon electrocatalyst for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction

Owing to the high cost of precious metal catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the production of highly efficient and affordable electrocatalysts is important for generating pollution-free and renewable energy via electrochemical processes. A facile hydrothermal approach was employed to synthesize hybrid mesoporous iron-nickel bimetallic sulfides @ P, N-doped carbon for the OER. The prepared Fe0.5NiS2@C exhibited an overpotential (η) of 250 mV at 10 mA/cm2. This exceeded the overpotentials recently reported for surface-modified P, N-doped carbon-based catalysts for the OER in a 1 M KOH medium. Moreover, the Fe0.5NiS2@C catalyst showed a notable Tafel slope of 90.5 mV/dec with long-dated stability even after 24 h at 10 mA/cm2. The superior OER performance of the Fe0.5NiS2@C catalysts may be due to their large surface area, sheet-like morphology with abundant active sites, fast transfer of mass and electrons, control of the electronic structure by co-treatment with heteroatoms (e.g., P and N), and the synergistic effect of bimetallic sulfides, making them favorable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that the Fe0.5NiS2@C catalyst exhibited strong H2O-adsorption energy. The enhanced OER activity of Fe0.5NiS2@C was attributed to its higher surface area, favorable H2O adsorption energy, improved electron transfer efficiency, and lower Gibbs free energy compared to those of the other proposed catalysts.

Nix/TiO2 catalysts for enhancing the selectivity of methylcyclohexane dehydrogenation

The dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane (MCH) is a widely used hydrogen storage technology, but nowadays, precious metal catalysts such Pt are used for this reaction and non-precious metal catalysts suffer from low selectivity and instability problems. Two catalysts, Ni20/TiO2 and Ni20/Al2O3, were prepared through the improved co-precipitation method and their dehydrogenation performance of MCH was compared. It was found that the application of TiO2 carrier could significantly reduce the acidity of the catalysts, and the nickel particles could be stably dispersed on the carriers, which could effectively improve the selectivity of the target product (toluene). In addition, the influences of different Ni contents, reaction temperatures, and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the performance of the catalysts were also evaluated, and the results showed that the catalyst with 17.16 % Ni content exhibited high activity with up to 86.48 % conversion of MCH and 96.51 % selectivity of toluene, under atmospheric pressure condition with the reaction temperature of 375 °C and WHSV of 1.9 h−1, while 96.03 % and only 42.64 %, respectively, for the Ni20/Al2O3 catalyst. In addition, the catalyst exhibited excellent anti-coking ability, indicating that it has a promising future for industrial applications.

Ligand‐promoted dehydrogenative coupling of γ‐/β‐amino alcohols with ketones to N‐heterocycles via molybdenum catalysts

Molybdenum‐based efficient and broadly applicable catalytic system is presented for the dehydrogenative coupling of γ‐/β‐amino alcohols with ketones. In particular, complex Mo(CO)6 in combination with Xantphos and t‐BuOK as base provides direct synthesis of structurally diverse quinoline, pyridine, and pyrrole compounds (total 55 examples) with isolated yields up to 92%. Low catalyst loading, cost‐effective, and high catalytic activities with high tolerance to stand with diverse functional groups are additional features of these molybdenum catalysts exhibiting high efficacy to replace the precious metal catalysts such as ruthenium and iridium. Furthermore, the DFT and experimental studies were explored for the reaction mechanism which can assist in broadening the scope of the molybdenum catalysts for different transformation reactions.

Inspiration of Bimetallic Peroxide for Controllable Electrooxidizing Ethylene Glycol Through Modulating Surficial Intermediates

AbstractBiomass feedstock ethylene glycol (EG) can be anodically oxidized to the high‐value glycolic acid (GA), which is widely considered as one critical raw material of biodegradable plastics. Developing low‐cost electrocatalyst to economically produce GA with high selectivity still meeting challenges. Herein, a non‐precious Co‐Ni bimetal catalysts are developed for controllable electrooxidizing EG to GA (EGOR). Through regulating the generation of key intermediate (CH2OH‐CO*) on the low‐cost catalyst surface, a successive electrooxidation from EG to GA has been achieved with high selective (96.3%) and conversion rate (>85%) at current density of 150 mA cm−2, which is on par with the reported precious metal catalysts. Through coupling with hydrogen evolution reaction (EGOR‐HER), 2.759 mmol H2 and 7.48 mmol of GA are generated at 80 mA cm−2, which also can save 27% energy comparing with a water splitting system. The synergistic effect between Co and Ni in the bimetallic catalyst has been exploited: high‐valent CoOOH sites catalyzed the generation of CH2OH‐CO* and reduce the energy barrier during GA formation; Whereas, Ni sites can effectively facilitate the formation of CoOOH and improve the adsorption of EG.

Loading of Single Atoms of Iron, Cobalt, or Nickel to Enhance the Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide.

The rational design of advanced electrocatalysts at the molecular or atomic level is important for improving the performance of hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and replacing precious metal catalysts. In this study, we describe the fabrication of electrocatalysts based on Fe, Co, or Ni single atoms supported on titanium carbide (TiC) using the molten salt method, i.e., TiC-FeSA, TiC-CoSA, or TiC-NiSA, to enhance HER performance. The introduction of uniformly distributed transition-metal single atoms successfully reduces the overpotential of HERs. Overpotentials of TiC-FeSA at 10 mA cm-2 are 123.4 mV with 61.1 mV dec-1 Tafel slope under acidic conditions and 184.2 mV with 85.1 mV dec-1 Tafel slope under alkaline conditions, which are superior to TiC-NiSA and TiC-CoSA. TiC samples loaded with transition-metal single atoms exhibit high catalytic activity and long stability under acidic and basic conditions. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the introduction of transition-metal single atoms effectively reduces the HER barrier of TiC-based electrocatalysts.

Unveiling the mechanism of alkali etched CuMn2O4-δ spinel catalysis enhance for acetone catalytic Oxidation: The roles of Metal-Oxygen bond and oxygen defect site

Spinel is a powerful non-precious metal oxide catalyst that can be used to catalyze the combustion of volatile organic pollutants, potentially replacing precious metal catalysts. To enhance the catalytic activity and stability of CuMn2O4, we constructed gradient distribution of oxygen vacancies (Vo) on the CuMn2O4-δ surface utilizing alkali treatment method. Alkali treatment dissolves some of the Cu atoms of the CuMn2O4 catalyst, leading to the transformation of part of the Mn-O-Cu structure into the Mn-O structure, which was results in the lengthening of the Mn-O bond and the production of cation defects. The Mn-O bond breaks, releasing a large amount of reactive oxygen and forming oxygen vacancies. Highly reactive lattice oxygen and cation defects is more likely to participate in oxidation reactions. In the catalytic combustion of acetone, the alkali-treated catalyst showed high activity and stability, and the oxidation rate of acetone at 170 °C was increased by 2.86 times. Particularly, the alkali treatment catalysts can convert acetone that has been adsorbed into acetic acid and formic acid using catalyst lattice oxygen in anoxic environment. In the presence of an oxygen stream, the acetic and formic acids underwent direct oxidation, resulting in the formation of water and carbon dioxide. This work promotes the development of oxygen vacancy engineering on the surface of transition metal oxides and provides a new approach to improve the activity and stability of CuMn2O4 in real environments.

Enhanced OER electrocatalyst performance by sulfur doping trimetallic compounds hybrid catalyst supported on reduced graphene oxide

Hydrogen evolution by electrolysis of water is an effective method to solve the energy problem, but the catalyst of oxygen evolution reaction is an effective measure to solve the slow kinetics of hydrogen production from electrolytic water. Therefore, an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction is urgently needed to find. The Co-based trimetallic oxides has been prepared by using isopropyl alcohol and propan-1,3-diol as hydrothermal reaction environment and annealing at high temperature can enrich the types of active core materials of the catalyst. The sulphuration process forms the core-shell structures of crystalline and amorphous phases, and the heterogeneous interface between the crystalline and amorphous structures optimizes the electronic structure. Meanwhile, due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, not only does rGO provide a conductive substrate and promote carrier migration and high current response, but also effectively inhibits the aggregation of nanoparticles, so that the catalyst nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and the active center is fully exposed, providing a way for oxygen release in the OER process. When Fe0.3Ni1Co2/S-C has been used as electrocatalytic for OER, the overpotential and Tafel slope were as low as 276 mV and 52.2 mV·dec−1 at 10 mA·cm−2 current density. With many improvements on transition metal catalysts, transition metal catalysts may be quickly replaced precious metal catalysts for large-scale use in electrolytic water.