Precast Method Research Articles

ANALISIS METODE PELAKSANAAN COR BERTAHAP PRECAST PADA PENYELESAIAN PROYEK OVERPASS PT. TALENTA BUMI MARABAHAN STUDI KASUS PADA PROYEK OVERPASS – MARABAHAN

The precast method work is adjusted because the slab elevation is ± 7 meters high, so it takes a lot of scaffolding (material) and time. Determination of precast concrete is done by analyzing preliminary design calculations, precast loading calculations, evaluating the load to be lifted, in the form of precast self-load, for precast concrete lifting time, precast concrete reinforcement, scaffolding calculations against precast self-load. Based on the results of the study for the age of 1 day concrete for the lifting permit of K-35 tons crane more than the precast load, then the load can be carried by the crane. But in the cylinder validation test, the value is obtained on the first day, so the work can be done earlier. As for the top cast with insitu cast method using the coefficient on day 3 with a value of 0.4, the comparative value of Mu = 30.893 tons.m and Mr = 31.877 tons.m according to the cylinder validation test graph with fc' 12 MPa, the work was obtained on day 2 and because the concreting was carried out in the fastest time of 1 day, the casting could be done on day 3 where the quality of concrete compressive strength has met according to PBI'71 regulations.

Quality Control Analysis in Construction Works of 80/100 U-Ditch Channel with 15 Ton Axle Cover (Jl. Manyar Indah)

This research records experiences and findings during the Work Practice Internship (MPK) on the 80/100 U-Ditch channel construction project with 15 Ton Axle Cover on JL. Manyar Indah, Surabaya. This MPK is part of the Bachelor of Building Engineering Education curriculum at Surabaya State University and aims to provide students with insight and practical experience that cannot be obtained in the classroom. This project, which will run from April to June 2024, provides an opportunity for students to understand the difference between academic theory and practice in the field, as well as getting to know construction implementation methods directly. The main focus of this project is quality control in construction, especially in the use of precast methods for drainage channels. Effective quality control is essential to ensure that construction meets established standards, prevent wasted costs, and guarantee the quality of the final result. In this project, quality control is carried out through several methods, including Quality Control (QC) for wiremesh, Fc'30 Ready Mix concrete, and core concrete compressive strength tests (core drill test). Each stage of quality control aims to ensure that materials and construction implementation comply with established specifications. The quality of the wire mesh used is checked through measurements and structural verification to ensure durability and sturdiness. Fc'30 Ready Mix concrete is tested through a slump test and laboratory compression test to ensure its strength. Core drill testing was carried out on the completed U-Ditch structure to evaluate the strength of the installed concrete. The findings from MPK show that strict quality control and the application of precast technology can improve construction efficiency and quality. The practical experience students gain in the field not only enriches their knowledge but also strengthens the technical and professional skills required in the construction industry. In addition, this MPK helps students build relationships with professionals in the industry, expand their network, and prepare them for careers in the building engineering field. It is hoped that this experience can improve students' competence as prospective professionals in the field of building engineering. This research also highlights the importance of collaboration between universities and industry. This collaboration not only provides benefits for students in the form of practical experience but also provides opportunities for universities to strengthen relationships with industry and expand partnership networks. Thus, this MPK not only contributes to improving the quality of building engineering education but also to the development of better construction industry practices. It is hoped that this research can make a positive contribution to the development of the building engineering education curriculum and encourage increased collaboration between universities and the construction industry. Through effective quality control and the use of precast methods, this project can be used as an example in creating efficient and high-quality construction, in line with the needs and expectations of stakeholders.

Biaya dan Waktu pada Pelaksanaan Pekerjaan Struktur Balok Precast dan Balok Konvensional

Concrete is a construction material that is widely used in Indonesia, when compared to the use of wood and steel materials, there are two methods of concrete work, namely the conventional method and the precast method. In the Kuta Art Market Development Project there are several blocks using the conventional method and some using the precast method. How to compare the cost and time of conventional beam work and the precast method and which method is more effective to use. To be able to determine the choice of the right method to use, an analysis of costs and implementation time is carried out. Furthermore, the results of the analysis are compared so as to get an effective method to use. From the results of the analysis carried out at the Kuta Art Market Development Project, a comparison of costs and implementation time obtained that the total cost for the work of 5 conventional blocks was IDR 47,656,004.04 and the time needed to complete the work of 5 conventional blocks was 5 days. Whereas the total cost required for the work of 5 precast beams is Rp. 46,006,742.42 and the time required to complete the work of 5 precast beams is 4.09 days. When compared, the cost of precast beam work is Rp. 1,649,301.32 (3.5%) cheaper and the execution time for precast beam work is 0.91 days (18%) faster than conventional beam work.

COST AND TIME ANALYSIS OF DRAINAGE WORKS USING CONVENTIONAL RIVERSTONE METHOD AND PRECAST U-DITCH METHOD

Road drainage is part of the infrastructure required for roads. This infrastructure is designed to drain water from the surface of the road to its final disposal. In general terms, drainage is a series of structures designed to reduce and remove excess water from an area or land to allow the land to function optimally. There are two types of road drainage systems, surface and subsurface. Surface drainage systems are generally open or closed channels. The method used in this research is quantitative method, where this method explains a process of seeking knowledge using data in the form of numbers as a means of analysing information about the things is desired to know about a situation that becomes the object of study and then analysed with the help of Microsoft Excel 2013 and Microsoft Word 2013 software. The comparative analysis results of the cost and time for implementation of drainage works using the conventional river stone method over a length of 192 metres requires 55 working days at a cost of Rp 123,617,000.0, while the precast U-ditch method over a length of 174 metres requires 48 working days at a cost of Rp 78,292,000.0. Where the implementation of the conventional method turns out to be 14% longer than using the precast method. The results of the analysis of the cost per metre of drainage works using the conventional river stone method and the precast u-ditch method obtained the results, which are drainage works using the conventional river stone method amounting to Rp 6,438,385 while the work using the precast u-ditch method is Rp 4,449,540, with the difference between the two methods amounting to Rp 1,988,845. Where the use of the precast method is 30% lower than the conventional method.

Comparative Study Of Conventional And Precast Methods From The Cost Side (Case Study On Batang III Industrial Worker Flats Construction Project)

The Batang III Industrial Workers Flats Construction Project is part of the construction of the Batang integrated industrial estate, where these flats will be a residence for workers in the Batang industrial area later. In the initial design of this project used the full precast upper structure method. This method requires a fairly high implementation cost, so changes were made to the precast / precast VE implementation method. The purpose of the study was to determine the cost efficiency between the upper structure method of full precast, VE precast column multi floor, conventional and choose the type of method that is more economical as an alternative option. This type of qualitative research uses the Value engineering (VE) method, the VE method is one of the well-known methods and has a considerable potential for success in controlling costs. This technique uses an approach by analyzing its function. The process carried out is to reduce cost reduction as far as possible while still paying attention to the desired quality and reliability. The results of this study showed that in the upper structural work of the Batang III industrial worker apartment project, it was found that the initial cost of the full precast method at a cost of Rp. 6,418,779,618,-, the conventional method amounted to Rp. 7,414,918,929, - and the VE precast method multi-floor column joint CCP, precast beam, combination of precast plate and conventional plate in the wet area amounted to Rp. 5,650,987,713, - with a cost difference of Rp. 767,791,904, - or 11.96%, it can be said that the VE precast method multi-floor joint CCP column, precast beam, combination of precast plate and conventional plate in wet areas is cheaper than the full precast method and full conventional method by considering quality results and implementation time

Cost and Time Efficiency Analysis on Latei Beams and Wall Work: Case Study Of GLT4 And GKU2 Projects at Sumatra Institute of Technology

Engineering Laboratory Building Project 4 (GLT4) and Public Lecture Building (GKU2) at the Sumatra Institute of Technology, South Lampung is part of the construction of a lecture building where this development aims to facilitate and provide comfortable learning infrastructure for all students. This study evaluates the cost of latei beams and walls. The method used is to calculate the cost of implementation and time evaluation so as to change the conventional implementation method to precast / precast through the Cost and Time Evaluation Method. The research objective was to determine the cost efficiency between the conventional method and the precast method for beam and wall work. Types of qualitative research use cost and time evaluation method is one of the well-known methods and has a considerable potential for success in controlling costs and time. This technique uses an analysis approach to its function. The process carried out is to reduce costs as much as possible while still paying attention to the desired quality and reliability. The results of this study indicate that in the Construction of the Engineering Laboratory Building (GLT) 4 and General Lecture Building (GKU) 2 projects for latei beam work it was found that the cost of latei beam work had a profit of 24% with a value of Rp. 95,090,232 and has an efficiency of 6% with a value of Rp. 25,145,911. The amount of efficiency occurs due to changes in material use, reducing wages and material costs by negotiating with suppliers. Wall work has an efficiency of 11% or Rp. 309,214,847 and has a profit of 20% or Rp. 686,542,006. Efficiency occurs by reducing wages and material costs by negotiating with suppliers.

Experimental study on effect of assembly process on seismic performance of modular precast composite shear wall structures

Modular buildings utilize prefabricated volumetric modules to resist gravity and lateral loads and can achieve a high prefabrication level. Different from cast-on-site reinforced concrete structures, the seismic performance of precast structures is affected by the construction process. This study investigated the effect of assembly process on the seismic performance of an innovative modular precast composite shear wall structure. Contrastive shaking table tests were carried out on two 1/4-scaled modular models, one by the fully modular precast method and the other by the modular cast-on-site method. Test results showed that the bottom vertical joints were the most critical components and dominated the failure patterns for both modular models. The weakening of screw threads induced by the small model size and assembly process decreased the ultimate capacity of the modular precast model. The modular precast model showed up to a 6.7 % lower initial frequency and 17.6 % lower initial damping ratio than the modular cast-on-site model. The assembly process had no essential influence on the displacement and acceleration responses before vertical joint failure but significantly increased the displacements as the joints approached failure in the limit state. The test work highlights the importance of ensuring bolt strength and protecting bolt threads in practical engineering applications.

Cost and Time Comparison Analysis of Conventional Slab with Half Slab Method for PT. AMP Surabaya Office Building Construction

This study aims to analyze the application of Precast half-slab formwork with conventional formwork in terms of cost and time. The use of precast concrete is based on advantages in terms of economy, efficiency, speed in implementation, and energy consumption which has an impact on the environment. This office construction project was carried out in the Graha Family area in Surabaya. This project uses the half slab precast method, where half of the plate (precast) is precast with a thickness of 7 cm, and the other half is cast on site (topping). In this final project research, an analysis and comparison of several methods of floor slab work is carried out so that it can be seen which method is considered more profitable. Analysis of conventional half slab and precast methods focuses on calculating direct costs in terms of materials, tools, and workers' wages as well as calculating the time needed to complete the work.

Capacity Analysis of Variation Emulative Precast Beam-Column Joints with Finite Element Method

The construction of multistory buildings is currently increasing rapidly. Optimal construction methods are needed particularly in the construction of high-rise buildings. There are two construction methods for multistory buildings that are currently developing, cast-in-place and precast methods. Beam-column joint is important things in both construction methods. In precast systems, the element components and planning affect the structural performance and overall design. Beam-column joint capacity and performance of a plastic hinge relocation method needs to be tested. Testing of the cruciform beam-column joint was carried out using the nonlinear finite element method and compared with the results of laboratory test data. There are 8 beam-column joint models with 2 of them not using plastic hinge relocation method. The results of beam-column joint capacity analysis from manual and finite element methods at yield condition generally give smaller values with a difference of 0,17% - 8,32% than the reference data. While at the ultimate condition, the beam-column joint capacity of the finite element analysis produces a greater value with a difference of 0,52% - 13,83%. The yielding of reinforcement in each model occurs in the predetermined relocation area especially for CBJ90, CBJU and CBJR models.

Construction planning and scheduling of a precast house extension using a multi-objective genetic algorithm and 4D building information modelling

Background: As a result of the rising costs of housing in Kuwait, several families find it increasingly challenging to purchase new homes. Typically, Kuwaitis carry out extensions of the existing housing spaces they possess, to accommodate their growing families. In the management and execution of house extension projects, construction planning and scheduling are complex albeit critical tasks. Building information modeling (BIM) and optimization techniques have become crucial tools for improving these two critical processes. Methods: This study aimed to integrate 4D BIM and multi- objective optimization using a genetic algorithm (MOGA) for construction planning and scheduling of a precast house extension. A case study was undertaken for a two-storey family house in Kuwait, which has been extended by two additional floors using the precast method. The extension of the house has its own foundation and support, with a design that adheres to Le Corbusier's five points of architecture. The Autodesk Revit software was used to generate a three-dimensional architectural model of the house extension. Results and Discussion: After running the MOGA based on the developed schedule, optimal results were obtained as a Pareto front with 70 combinations across workers' cost and construction time. The preferred schedule was selected and fed into Autodesk Navisworks to generate a 4D BIM model. Navisworks was used to simulate the house extension, accompanied by its scheduling information. Conclusion: The amalgamation of a multi-objective algorithm with 4D BIM may be employed to efficaciously plan and schedule building projects, allowing for quality decision-making.

ANALISIS STUDI KOMPARASI BETON PRECAST PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN PANGSAN DI PT. SANUR JAYA UTAMA

Current technological developments greatly influence construction projects, both in material procurement and contract models. Specifically for dealing with natural disasters with short recovery times, a Design and Build contract model is used. In the Pangsan Bridge Construction Project, the contractor procured precast concrete beams (Girders) which were produced at the factory and the installation process was carried out at the project. This contract is determined by direct appointment and this Regulation has been issued in PERPRES No. 54 of 2010 Article 38 Paragraph 1 stipulates that direct appointment of 1 (one) provider of Construction work/Other Services can be done in the case of exclusive circumstances; and/or Procurement of special goods/specific construction work/other services of a special nature. The precast concrete girder beam measures 0.65 m x 0.90 m with a length of 15.6 m, and is molded into 3 parts whose strength has been calculated. In terms of processing time, it is faster and costs more than conventional concrete. With production outside the project completion time is 1,5 months faster at a higher cost of 4,5 billion The length of conventional concrete is due to the implementation method which must be sequential and interrelated with a smaller cost of 3,8 billion So to meet the short time, the precast method is used even though it costs more.

ANALYSIS OF COST AND CASTING TIME WITH CONVENTIONAL AND PRECAST METHODS ON THE CITEREUP FLYOVER CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

The concrete manufacturing process, also known as casting, is the final stage that determines the success of a flyover construction project. The benchmark lies in the casting method which of course has a direct effect on resource efficiency, processing time, budget, and quality. Generally, the process of casting concrete in flyover construction projects in Indonesia uses the conventional method in which the process is carried out and cast in situ. However, the development of science and the paradigm of efficiency in the dimensions of flyover construction projects has given birth to a new method in which the concrete hardening process can be carried out elsewhere and made precast.The conventional method and the precast method are now the best alternative by taking into account aspects of cost, quality and time which are considered for efficiency in flyover construction projects. For this reason, the researchers analyzed the efficiency of the Citeureup flyover construction project using the concrete casting method used in the process

Comparative Analysis of Precast Construction and Conventional Construction of Small-scale Concrete Building in Terms of Cost

Abstract: Building a house is one of the basic needs of humans. To build a house with high durability and low cost, engineer A.N.S. Kulasinghe introduced the pre-cast concrete technology in late 1940’s. According to past studies, National Engineering Research and Development (NERD) Centre precast items are used in housing and other constructions and those details were collected by literature review. Objective of this study is updating the cost effectiveness of pre-cast concrete construction of a small-scale building. Data were collected from the NERD Centre and few pre-stressed concrete yards during the months of June to July 2019 by using face-to-face interviews. After the analysis of obtained data, it was found that there were differences between the costs of items among pre-cast concrete technology and conventional concrete construction technology. Overall cost comparison was done to single story building and two story building separately using cost rates of conventional method and pre-cast method. The outcome of the analysis revealed that, 30% - 38% of cost effectiveness can be obtained using pre-cast methods for single story building and using those methods for two story building, 29% - 32% of cost effectiveness can be gained.

A review of concrete 3D printed structural members

Concrete 3D Printing (3DP) is a potential technology for increasing automation and introducing digital fabrication in the construction industry. Concrete 3D Printing provides a significant advantage over conventional or precast methods, such as the prospects of topologically optimized designs and integrating functional components within the structural volume of the building components. Many previous studies have compiled state-of-art studies in design parameters, mix properties, robotic technologies, and reinforcement strategies in 3D printed elements. However, there is no literature review on using concrete 3D Printing technology to fabricate structural load-carrying elements and systems. As concrete 3DP is shifting towards a large-scale construction technology paradigm, it is essential to understand the current studies on structural members and focus on future studies to improve further. A systematic literature review process is adopted in this study, where relevant publications are searched and analyzed to answer a set of well-defined research questions. The review is structured by categorizing the publications based on issues/problems associated with structural members and the recent technology solutions developed. It gives an overall view of the studies, which is still in its nascent stage, and the areas which require future focus on 3D printing technology in large-scale construction projects.

Comparative Analysis of The Cost of Conventional and Precast Concrete Slabs on High-Rise Building Projects


 Construction processes, particularly floor slab systems, can be executed using precast/precast methods as technology advances. Compared to traditional methods, which need more time and production expenses, precast/precast methods are more cost-effective for floor slab formwork, neater, and have a more consistent finish. This study is based on an eight-floor building project with 92 residential units on a 3,500 m2 plot of land and a 1,700 m2 building size. This investigation used two technologies: conventional precast slab and full slab precast. The purpose of this research is to compare the most cost-effective strategy for reducing production costs on floor slab work for the construction of the case study. Based on the calculation results, the full slab precast method is 14.31% or around Rp. 980,508,000 is more economical than the conventional method. For the conventional method, the total cost is Rp. 3,914,657,000 while for the precast method, the result is Rp. 2,934,149,000.

Cost Efficiency of Implementation on the Slab Work in Tanjung Batu Jetty (Cast in-Situ and Precast Methods) Epc Project Construction of Tbbm Jetty Tanjung Batu, Balikpapan City

One of the important components of the sea transportation system for an archipelagic country like Indonesia is the port. The port acts as a node for sea and land transportation modes in supporting and driving the economy, and serves as a gateway for trading commodities in an area as well as a place for loading and unloading goods, embarkation and debarkation for ship passengers. The method used is the method of detailed analysis. This method uses data from each productivity of each job, so that the coefficients from the analysis of the unit price of the work can be obtained, with the ultimate goal of knowing the costs of each method, both Cast In Situ and Precast methods. The results of the analysis show that the slab using the Cast In Situ system is more efficient than the Precast slab. The total implementation cost for the Cast In Situ slab is Rp. 5,648,170,- and for the Precast slab it costs Rp. 6,794,480, - with a cost deviation of Rp. 1.146.310, - or the difference in percentage 9.21%.

Cost Analysis of Pedestrian Bridge Floor Plate Method Hollow Core Slab Plate (Hcs) and Conventional Plate From The Implementation of Bridge Work Connecting Jakarta International Stadium

The development of the construction world is very fast, civil technology and its accompanying and innovation are growing, with the increasingly dense population, the demand for a product and services that are getting faster will also increase. The dense mobilization and narrowness of the land make the scope of construction smaller. This triggers relatively short and efficient construction demands. In the Jakarta international stadium development project, there are several work items including the construction of a bridge connecting the stadium specifically for the mobilization of spectators to and from the stadium. The method used is the Detailed Analysis method. This method uses data on each productivity of each work so that it can coefficient from the results of the analysis of the unit price of the work, with the final guidance to know the cost of each method both Precast and conventional methods. The results of the analysis parachuted that floor plates using conventional systems are cheaper to use than Precast plates. Obtained the total cost of Implementation for Conventional plates amounted to Rp. 3,256,890, and For Precast Plate Cost Rp. 4,206,456 with a percentage difference of 22,6%

Comparative Analysis of Facade Work Using Kumkang Precast, Concrete Precast, and Curtain Wall Methods in terms of Cost and Time

The development of the construction world in terms of innovation has become one of the methods of supporting success to gain advantages in terms of cost and time, one of which is the outer wall which can generally categorize into cast-in-situ and precast methods. (1) Comparison of the cost of implementing precast kumkang materials, precast concrete facades, and curtain wall facades. The precast kumkang method is 24% cheaper than the precast concrete method, the precast kumkang method is 87% cheaper than the curtain wall method, and the precast concrete method is 52% cheaper than the curtain wall method. Sorted from the cheapest to the most expensive are precast kumkang facades, precast concrete facades, and curtain wall facades.
 (2) Comparison of the working time of precast kumkang materials, precast concrete facades, and curtain wall facades with the results, namely curtain wall facades for 31 weeks, kumkang material precast facades for 53 weeks, and precast concrete facades for 55 weeks. Sorted from the fastest to longest, namely curtain wall facades, precast kumkang material facades, and then precast concrete facades.

Study on the mechanical performance of TRC-strengthened RC beams under a salt freeze–thaw environment

The issue of the freeze–thaw has significantly affected the safety of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Strengthening is an effective method to improve the safety performance of RC structures. To investigate the freeze–thaw resistance of RC beams strengthened with textile-reinforced concrete (TRC), the crack pattern, failure mode, load–deflection behavior, and bearing capacity of TRC-strengthened RC beams under a salt freeze–thaw environment were studied. The test parameters included the number of freeze–thaw cycles, installation method (cast-in-place versus precast), and sustained loading. The test results showed that the failure mode of the TRC-strengthened beam changes from flexural failure to shear failure due to freeze–thaw cycles. The installation method also affected the failure mode of the beams. The beam prepared using the precast method exhibited debonding failure, whereas the beam prepared using the cast-in-place method exhibited shear failure. When the freeze–thaw cycles exceeded a certain number or the sustained load surpassed a certain value, the crack control ability of the TRC weakened. The freeze–thaw cycle changed the load–deflection curve of the TRC-strengthened beam from a typical three-stage form to an approximate line. The ultimate load of the TRC-strengthened beam decreased with an increase in the number of freeze–thaw cycles. The ultimate load was also affected by the sustained load: the greater the sustained load, the greater the decrease in the ultimate load.

Changes in the implementation of concrete in situ work method to a precast method

Sulfur Jetty Development Project and TUKS Oil and Gas Dredging Project The Balikpapan RDMP RU V Project is located in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan. In this project there are 2 (two) main work scopes, namely sulfur jetty work and dredging work. Like other projects, an engineering review of the design drawings, work volumes, work methods, and work schedules is also carried out. The purpose of this engineering review is to evaluate whether the change in the method of implementation of concrete works in Situ to Precast can maximize the work in accordance with the concepts of quality, time and cost. For this reason the submission of the amendment to PERTAMINAwas accompanied by several technical reasons that affected the work. For the method change, a number of processes were carried out such as the submission of design changes, changes in work methods, the process of calculating the structure and several other matters related to the quality of the structure due to changes in the method of implementation. From the results of the calculation of the structure has adjusted to the needs in accordance with the initial plan, by changing the installation method but still maintaining the strength of the structure in accordance with the initial plan. With this Precast method, the construction process is relatively safer and measurable in terms of cost and time.