Prebiotic Supplementation Research Articles

Renoprotective Effects of Solid-State Cultivated Antrodia cinnamomea in Juvenile Rats with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Antrodia cinnamomea (AC), a medicinal mushroom, has multiple beneficial actions, such as acting as a prebiotic. The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children has steadily increased year by year, and CKD is related to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Herein, we investigated the renoprotection of solid-state cultivated AC in adenine-induced CKD juvenile rats. CKD was induced in 3-week-old male rats by feeding with adenine (0.5%) for three weeks. Treated groups received oral administration of AC extracts at either a low (10 mg/kg/day) or high dose (100 mg/kg/day) for six weeks. At nine weeks of age, the rats were sacrificed. Renal outcomes, blood pressure, and gut microbiome composition were examined. Our results revealed that AC treatment, either low- or high-dose, improved kidney function, proteinuria, and hypertension in CKD rats. Low-dose AC treatment increased plasma concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Additionally, we observed that AC acts like a prebiotic by enriching beneficial bacteria in the gut, such as Akkermansia and Turicibacter. Moreover, the beneficial action of AC against CKD-related hypertension might also be linked to the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. This study brings new insights into the potential application of AC as a prebiotic dietary supplement in the prevention and treatment of pediatric CKD.

Эффективность влияния пребиотической кормовой добавки на продуктивность, антиоксидантную защиту и иммунологический статус кур

Purpose. The study of the productive traits of chickens when fed with a prebiotic supplement that stimulates the antioxidant and immunological defenses of the body Materials and Methods. The studies were carried out in certified laboratories. The resulting digital material was processed using the statistical package Microsoft Excel, which provides verification of the reliability of the data using the Student's criterion. Results. It has been established that the introduction of the feed additive "LactuSuper" into the diet of laying hens of the Hisex Brown cross dramatically increases their productivity by 85 eggs in 10 weeks of the experiment, or by 1.2 eggs per positive laying hen, the egg-laying intensity – by 1.74%, feed savings – by 0.6 g per day per head, obtaining a hatching egg yield of 4% (97% compared to 93% of the control group). The balance of the feed additive "LactuSuper" with biologically active absorbed absorbable carotenoids in the yolk of the incubation eggs of the experimental group was 23.36% (P≤0.001), which was 16.9 µg/g in absolute values. Incubation of eggs showed a high hatch of chickens in both groups (82.44 and 85.27%), but in the experimental group, the excess in this indicator was 2.83%. High rates of production and quality of hatching eggs in the experimental group, apparently, are provided by the activation of metabolism in the body of chickens, as a result of feeding them the studied additive. Due to the antioxidant properties of the tested feed additive the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 11.22% (P≤0.01), glutathione peroxidase (GPO) – by 3.02% (P≤0.05), ceruloplasmin (CP) – by 16.58% (P≤0.01), total antioxidants (TOA) by 26.97% (P≤0.01), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity decreased by 14.15% (P≤0,01). The level of T-lymphocytes responsible for cellular immunity increased by 12.61% (P≤0.01), and the content of B-lymphocytes characterizing humoral resistance increased by 6.83% (P≤0.05) relative to the control. An increase in the level of classical antibodies was recorded in the experimental group. Thus, the content of IgA and IgG increased by 17.26 (P≤0.01) and 7.62% (P≤0.05) compared with the control. The presence of IgM also exceeded the control values in the experimental group by 7.79% (P≤0.05). Conclusion. Thus, it was found that the feed additive "LactuSuper" developed by us contributed to the increase in the egg production of the parent flock and the quality of hatching eggs. The active substances of the prebiotic supplement ensured a decrease in the level of free radical lipid oxidation, which had a positive effect on the formation of the body's antioxidant defense, strengthening cellular and humoral immunity.

Improving the productive performance of growing lambs using prebiotic and probiotic as growth promoters

The feed additives (prebiotics and probiotics) are used to stabilize the healthy gut microbiome by supporting beneficial microorganisms, thereby improving the animal growth rate. Thirty growing lambs, with around 20.50 ± 0.65 kg live weight were placed into five equal groups (6 animals each). The concentrate feed mixture (CFM) + roughage was given to the control groups. The treatments (T) of T1, T2, and T3 treatments were fed the control ration with three levels of prebiotic supplementation: 0.50, 1.00, and 1.50 g/kg CFM of mannan oligosaccharids + beta glucan, respectively. The T4 received the control ration and was supplemented with 1.0 g/kg CFM probiotic (3.0 × 108 CFU/g, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens). The roughage was provided ad libitum, and the animals were supplemented with CFM at 2.00% of the body weight. A digestibility trial was conducted at the end of the 150-day feeding trial. The results demonstrated that increasing the prebiotic to 0.15% enhanced average daily gain and feed efficiency (P < 0.05) when compared to the control group. Although daily gain and feed efficiency in probiotic-fed animals were higher (P < 0.05) than in the control group, they were lower in prebiotic-fed lambs. The blood parameters were within normal range. The animals that received 0.10% prebiotic had the highest economic feed efficiency when compared to the other groups. Prebiotic treatment improved nutrient digestibility and nutritive values; however, the results for control and probiotic treatment were practically identical. Additionally, further research is needed to investigate the effects of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics as feed additives on productive and reproductive performance in ruminants.

Limosilactobacillus vaginalis Exerts Bifidogenic Effects: A Novel Postbiotic Strategy for Infant Prebiotic Supplementation.

Infant microbiota shaping strictly influences newborns' well-being and long-term health, and babies born by cesarean-section and formula-fed generally show low microbial gut diversity and are more prone to develop various disorders. The supplementation with beneficial microbes of vaginal origin or derivatives (postbiotics, including heat-inactivated cells) represents a valid strategy to drive the correct gut microbiota shaping. Here, we explored for the first time the bifidogenic activity of a heat-killed vaginal strain (Limosilactobacillus vaginalis BC17), in addition to the assessment of its safety. L. vaginalis BC17 whole genome was sequenced by Nanopore technology and highlighted the absence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors, indicating the strain safety profile for human health. MIC values confirmed that L. vaginalis BC17 is susceptible to widely employed antibiotics. Heat-killed BC17 cells significantly enhanced the planktonic growth of Bifidobacterium spp. For the first time, stimulating effects were observed also toward biofilm formation of bifidobacteria and their pre-formed biofilms. Conversely, heat-killed BC17 cells exerted antibacterial and anti-biofilms activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Lyophilized heat-killed BC17 cells were formulated in a sunflower oil suspension (1010 heat-killed cell/g) intended for infant oral intake. This possessed optimal technological (i.e., re-dispersibility and stability) and functional properties (i.e., bifidogenic activity) that were maintained even after pre-digestion in acidic conditions.

Effects of prebiotics supplementation on Nile tilapia, emphasizing phospholipids aquafeed - A review

Effects of prebiotics supplementation on Nile tilapia, emphasizing phospholipids aquafeed - A review

Evaluation of Aspergillus meal prebiotic in productive parameters, bone mineralization and intestinal integrity in broiler chickens

This study investigates the effects of Aspergillus meal prebiotic on a spectrum of parameters, including productive performance, bone mineralization, and intestinal integrity, in broiler chickens. Day-of-hatch Cobb 500 by-product male chicks (320 total) were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (G1 and G2) in floor pens (150×300 cm), each pen containing separate feeders and watering systems (8 replicates per treatment, 20 birds/pen). Chickens kept in G1 (control) were fed a basal diet, while those of G2 (treated) were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.2% PRI-A-FERM. Performance parameters, including body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), were evaluated weekly from the 7th day to the end of the trial at 42 d. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d) was administered via oral gavage to 3 chickens/replicate (n = 24), and blood was collected on 21d and on 42d to determine serum concentration of FITC-d as a biomarker to evaluate intestinal permeability and peptide YY as an indirect biomarker to evaluate short chain fatty acids. Chickens that received the \textit{Aspergillus} meal prebiotic showed a significant increase in BW, BWG, and FI on days 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 (P&lt;0.05) and a significant reduction in FCR on days 28, 35, and 42 of evaluation compared to control. Moreover, chickens that were supplemented with the Aspergillus meal prebiotic showed a significant reduction in serum concentrations of FITC-d on both days of evaluation, as well as a significant increase in serum concentration of peptide YY. Additionally, treated animals significantly increased bone strength, total bone ash, and calcium and phosphorous content at both evaluation times compared to the control. In summary, the results of this study suggest that Aspergillus meal prebiotic supplementation can positively influence productive parameters, bone mineralization, and intestinal integrity in broiler chickens. The observed improvements underscore the importance of gut health in overall poultry performance. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the benefits of prebiotics (0.2%, PRI-A-FERM) in animal nutrition and highlight the potential for their practical application in enhancing poultry production systems. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize prebiotic utilization for improved broiler health and productivity

The effects of synbiotics supplementation on reducing chemotherapy-induced side effects in women with breast cancer: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial

BackgroundThe prevalence of breast cancer and its mortality rate are increasing rapidly among women worldwide. On other hand, the courses of chemotherapy as the main treatment for these patients are too much exhaustive and annoying. This study was designed to evaluate the use of synbiotics (probiotics + prebiotics) supplementation as a safe and inexpensive adjuvant treatment in reducing common chemotherapy side effects in women with breast cancer.MethodsThe current study was conducted on 67 women with definitive diagnosis of breast cancer who were hospitalized to receive one-day chemotherapy sessions, and met the inclusion criteria. The patients were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group to receive synbiotics or placebo, respectively. They received oral consumption of synbiotics supplements twice a day for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the changes in severity or experience of chemotherapy complication, analyzed by intention to treat (ITT). The instruments included 7 validated questionnaires which were used to assess chemotherapy complications in the initiation, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after intervention. Dietary intake was measured by 24-h dietary recall at the beginning, week 4 and week 8. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 24. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results67 breast cancer patients participated in the study. 8 weeks after intervention and adjusting the confounders, the severity of chemotherapy complications including unnormal defecation (P = 0.005) and fatigue (P < 0/001) decreased significantly in the synbiotics group compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, nausea/vomiting (P = 0.015), and anorexia (P < 0.001) were decreased at the end of the study compared to the first visit, but it was not statistically significant compared to the placebo group.ConclusionsSynbiotics supplementation during chemotherapy can potentially reduce the severity of fatigue and abnormal defecation. It can help reduce anorexia and nausea/vomiting.Trial RegistrationThis study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (registered code: IRCT20091114002709N56) (date of registration: 5/5/2021). Direct link to the trial page: https://www.irct.ir/trial/54559.

The Effect of Prebiotic Supplements on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Associated Health Parameters in Pigs.

Establishing a balanced and diverse microbiota in the GIT of pigs is crucial for optimizing health and performance throughout the production cycle. The post-weaning period is a critical phase, as it is often associated with dysbiosis, intestinal dysfunction and poor performance. Traditionally, intestinal dysfunctions associated with weaning have been alleviated using antibiotics and/or antimicrobials. However, increasing concerns regarding the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has prompted an industry-wide drive towards identifying natural sustainable dietary alternatives. Modulating the microbiota through dietary intervention can improve animal health by increasing the production of health-promoting metabolites associated with the improved microbiota, while limiting the establishment and proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Prebiotics are a class of bioactive compounds that resist digestion by gastrointestinal enzymes, but which can still be utilized by beneficial microbes within the GIT. Prebiotics are a substrate for these beneficial microbes and therefore enhance their proliferation and abundance, leading to the increased production of health-promoting metabolites and suppression of pathogenic proliferation in the GIT. There are a vast range of prebiotics, including carbohydrates such as non-digestible oligosaccharides, beta-glucans, resistant starch, and inulin. Furthermore, the definition of a prebiotic has recently expanded to include novel prebiotics such as peptides and amino acids. A novel class of -biotics, referred to as "stimbiotics", was recently suggested. This bioactive group has microbiota-modulating capabilities and promotes increases in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in a disproportionally greater manner than if they were merely substrates for bacterial fermentation. The aim of this review is to characterize the different prebiotics, detail the current understating of stimbiotics, and outline how supplementation to pigs at different stages of development and production can potentially modulate the GIT microbiota and subsequently improve the health and performance of animals.

Effect of Prebiotic Dietary Supplement Acacia senegal on Hormonal and Metabolic Markers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: A Pilot Study.

Background The most prevalent endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is linked to a variety of metabolic abnormalities. Although the pathogenesis of PCOS is not fully understood, it is known that oxidative stress, altered gut microbiome, and increased gonadotrophin-releasing hormone play a significant role. Gum arabic (GA) is an edible, dried, gummy exudate from the Acacia senegal tree, well-known for its prebiotic and antioxidant effects. The main objective of the study was to assess the changes in hormonal and metabolic profiles in PCOS patients after the ingestion of gum arabic. Method This was a clinical trial conducted on fifteen patients suffering from PCOS, with a mean age of 27.8 years (20-39 years). All patients experienced irregular cycles. Hormonal and metabolic markers (follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone (TT), fasting insulin, total cholesterol (TC), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c) were measured beforeand after the ingestion of gum arabic(30 g/day of GA dissolved in 250 ml water for eight weeks) on the second dayof the menstrual cycleafter granting ethical approval from the National Medicine and Poisons Board and from the participants of the study. Results The study demonstrated a significant decrease in the luteinizing hormone level, FSH/LH ratio, and cholesterol pre- and post-gum arabic ingestion (p-values 0.001, 0.013, and 0.007, respectively). Follicular stimulating hormone slightly reduced post-ingestion with no significant difference (p-value 0.414). No significant changes were seen in the testosterone, insulin, or HBA1clevels. Conclusion The study concluded that gum arabic ingestion for eight weeks decreases the luteinizing hormone and LH/FSH ratio and improves the metabolic profile by reducing the cholesterol level in PCOS patients.

66 The PROMOTe study: prebiotic supplementation improves cognition versus placebo in healthy older twins

Abstract Background There is a growing body of evidence linking the microbiota in the human gut, to the brain and to physical function. Animal and human studies have shown that inducing changes in the microbiota can alter muscle physiology and cognitive behaviour, indicating causative pathways. The PROMOTe trial aimed to test whether the gut microbiome mediates anabolic resistance to protein in older adults. A secondary objective was to test whether modulation of the gut microbiome using a pre-biotic food supplement, improved cognition versus placebo. Methods This placebo-controlled double-blinded randomised controlled trial used twin pairs, recruited from the TwinsUK cohort. Those aged &amp;gt; = 60, with low baseline protein intake, and access to a computer (due to remote trial delivery) were included. One twin received protein supplementation plus placebo and the other received protein supplementation plus a gut microbiome modulator (prebiotic). Intervention period was 12 weeks. Participants were advised to take 1 supplement sachet daily, and to undertake resistance exercises. The primary outcome was muscle strength as measured using chair-rise time. Cognition (CANTAB battery) was a secondary outcome. Linear mixed effects regression models were used to compare intervention groups (arm 1 vs arm 2; blinded). Twin clustering was considered as random effects, both family identifier and zygosity, and treatment group as fixed effect. Results Target sample size was 70 individuals. We screened 626 and randomised 72 participants (36 pairs). More adverse events occurred in the prebiotic group (n = 8 versus n = 2 in placebo group; p = 0.041), but compliance remained high in both groups (% adherence &amp;gt;78% in each group; p = 0.37). There was no significant difference between arms for the primary outcome of chair rise time (coefficient 0.184; 95% CI -0.569-0.938; p = 0.631). The prebiotic intervention arm had an improved cognition factor score versus the placebo group (coefficient 0.482; 95% CI 0.823–0.141; p = 0.014). Conclusion Prebiotic food supplementation improves cognition versus placebo in a cohort of healthy older twins.

Modelling the effect of prebiotics, probiotics and other functional additives on the growth, feed intake and feed conversion of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Dietary supplementation of aquafeeds with functional additives is a commonly employed strategy in order to reduce the potential negative effects associated to fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) replacement by alternative protein and oil sources. Nevertheless, the wide variety of functional ingredients with different bioactive properties hinders the selection of appropriate dietary supplementation strategies on feed formulation. The present study aimed to develop an observational multiple-linear regression (MLR) model to identify the effects of a variety of functional ingredients supplementation on European sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) growth performance and feed utilization. A literature survey was conducted gathering a total of 61 dietary treatments. The functional ingredients were classified in three main groups, namely, “probiotics”, “prebiotics” or “others” (including plant derived compounds such as essential oils, extracts and powders). Three different MLR were obtained and validated, allowing to describe the effects of functional ingredients supplementation on fish specific growth rate (SGR) (with a final R-squared (R2) = 0.96, adjusted R-squared (adj R2) = 0.92 and a p-value= 7.21E-08)), fish feed intake (FI) (R2 = 0.97, adj R2 = 0.95 and a p-value= 5.42E-12)) and fish feed conversion ratio (FCR) (R2 = 0.90, adj R2 = 0.80 and a p-value= 2.02E-05)). MLR model trimming, allowed the detection of a significant positive correlation (cor) between dietary prebiotics supplementation and SGR (cor= 0.32, p-value= 8.52E-04). On the contrary, prebiotic supplementation presented a negative correlation with fish FI (cor= −0.44, p-value= 6.27E-05) and FCR (cor= −0.41, p-value= 8.96E-05).

Inulin supplementation increases the differential metabolites and metabolic pathway in Baird's tapirs (Tapirus bairdii).

The prevalence of prebiotic has increased substantially over the past decades. Little is known on its metabolic effects in zoo herbivores. We investigated the difference in faecal metabolites to characterize the composition and pathways involved after feeding inulin in zoo Baird's tapirs (Tapirus bairdii). Faecal samples were collected from before inulin treatment group and after treatment groups in six adult tapirs and analysed using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods. The differential metabolites identified and metabolic pathways involved were analysed using KEGG annotation. The results demonstrated significant alterations in faecal metabolites and metabolic pathways in comparison to the control group. The amounts of differential metabolites and metabolic pathways tended to enrich with time after the treatment. We found that tryptophan and purine metabolism were relevant to the important metabolic pathways of the metabolite differences. The findings suggest that inulin may have potential applications in captive wildlife, which may provide insights into the effects of prebiotic supplementation on gut metabolites and highlights further research in this field.

Abstract P166: Prebiotic Dietary Fiber Supplementation Attenuates Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis And Age-dependent Hypertension-driven Cognitive Impairment

Hypothesis: Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to age-dependent hypertension (HTN) driven cognitive impairment (CI), which is attenuated by prebiotic dietary fiber supplementation. Methods: In 3 and 16 month (M) male Sprague Dawley rats, 3M rats receiving a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from 16M rats, and 16M rats fed a 6 week high prebiotic fiber (HPF) diet (n=4-6), BP, cognitive function (novel object recognition), hippocampal blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity (by FITC extravasation), gut microbiota taxonomy (by WGS) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels (by GC-MS) were assessed. Results: Aged 16M rats exhibit gut microbiota dysbiosis, HTN, hippocampal BBB leakage and impaired cognition. FMT to 3M rats evoked gut microbiota dysbiosis (3M vs 3M + FMT: Cecal Bray-Curtis β diversity PCoA Species Bacteria, P=&lt;0.05) and HTN. Linear Discriminant Analysis shows enrichment of cecal a) Lactobacillales (associated with lower BP) in 3M rats (LDA Log 10 4.69, P=0.022), b) Alistipes putrendenis in 16M rats (LDA Log 10 3.98, P=0.005), c) the Bacteroides genera (increased in HTN) in 3M + FMT rats (LDA Log 10 4.34, P=0.015). HPF attenuated gut microbiota dysbiosis (16M vs 16M + HPF: Fecal Bray-Curtis β Diversity PCoA Species Bacteria, P&lt;0.05, PCoA MetaCyc, P&lt;0.05; 16M pre vs post HPF: Fecal Bray-Curtis β Diversity PCoA Species Bacteria, P&lt;0.05), increased SCFA levels, reduced BP and hippocampal BBB permeability and improved cognition. Conclusions: Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to age-dependent HTN-driven CI. HPF supplementation, a readily implementable lifestyle intervention, attenuates HTN driven CI via mechanisms independent of current antihypertensive medications.

Tissue pleiotropic effect of biotin and prebiotic supplementation in established obesity.

Combination therapies targeting multiple organs and metabolic pathways are promising therapeutic options to combat obesity progression and/or its comorbidities. The alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota initially observed in obesity have been extended recently to functional alterations. Bacterial functions involve metabolites synthesis that may contribute to both the gut microbiota and the host physiology. Among them are B vitamins, whose metabolism at the systemic, tissue or microbial level are dysfunctional in obesity. We previously reported that the combination of oral supplementation of a prebiotic (fructo-oligosaccharides, FOS) and vitamin B7/B8 (biotin) impedes fat mass accumulation and hyperglycemia in mice with established obesity. This was associated with an attenuation of dysbiosis with improved microbial vitamin metabolism. We now extend this study by characterizing whole-body energy metabolism along with adipose tissue transcriptome and histology in this mouse model. We observed that FOS resulted in increased caloric excretion in parallel with down-regulation of genes and proteins involved in jejunal lipid transport. The combined treatments also strongly inhibited the accumulation of subcutaneous fat mass, with a reduced adipocyte size and expression of lipid metabolism genes. Down-regulation of inflammatory and fibrotic genes and proteins was also observed in both visceral and brown adipose tissues and liver by combined FOS and biotin supplementation. In conclusion, oral administration of a prebiotic and biotin has a beneficial impact on the metabolism of key organs involved in the pathophysiology of obesity, which could have promising translational applications.

Transforming Psoriasis Care: Probiotics and Prebiotics as Novel Therapeutic Approaches.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with autoimmune pathological characteristics. Recent research has found a link between psoriasis, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and that probiotics and prebiotics provide benefits to patients. This 12-week open-label, single-center clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of probiotics (Bacillus indicus (HU36), Bacillus subtilis (HU58), Bacillus coagulans (SC208), Bacillus licheniformis (SL307), and Bacillus clausii (SC109)) and precision prebiotics (fructooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides, and galactooligosaccharides) in patients with psoriasis receiving topical therapy, with an emphasis on potential metabolic, immunological, and gut microbiota changes. In total, 63 patients were evaluated, with the first 42 enrolled patients assigned to the intervention group and the next 21 assigned to the control group (2:1 ratio; non-randomized). There were between-group differences in several patient characteristics at baseline, including age, psoriasis severity (the incidence of severe psoriasis was greater in the intervention group than in the control group), the presence of nail psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis, though it is not clear whether or how these differences may have affected the study findings. Patients with psoriasis receiving anti-psoriatic local therapy and probiotic and prebiotic supplementation performed better in measures of disease activity, including Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, Dermatology Life Quality Index, inflammatory markers, and skin thickness compared with those not receiving supplementation. Furthermore, in the 15/42 patients in the intervention group who received gut microbiota analysis, the gut microbiota changed favorably following 12 weeks of probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, with a shift towards an anti-inflammatory profile.

Inulin Prebiotic Protects against Lethal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Acute Infection via γδ T Cell Activation.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) causes harmful lung infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. The immune system and Interleukin (IL)-17-producing γδ T cells (γδ T) are critical in controlling these infections in mice. The gut microbiota modulates host immunity in both cancer and infection contexts. Nutritional intervention is a powerful means of modulating both microbiota composition and functions, and subsequently the host's immune status. We have recently shown that inulin prebiotic supplementation triggers systemic γδ T activation in a cancer context. We hypothesized that prophylactic supplementation with inulin might protect mice from lethal P. aeruginosa acute lung infection in a γδ T-dependent manner. C57Bl/6 mice were supplemented with inulin for 15 days before the lethal P. aeruginosa lung infection, administered intranasally. We demonstrate that prophylactic inulin supplementation triggers a higher proportion of γδ T in the blood, accompanied by a higher infiltration of IL-17-producing γδ T within the lungs, and protects 33% of infected mice from death. This observation relies on γδ T, as in vivo γδ TcR blocking using a monoclonal antibody completely abrogates inulin-mediated protection. Overall, our data indicate that inulin supplementation triggers systemic γδ T activation, and could help resolve lung P. aeruginosa infections. Moreover, our data suggest that nutritional intervention might be a powerful way to prevent/reduce infection-related mortality, by reinforcing the microbiota-dependent immune system.

Development of Functional Prebiotic Nutraceutical Supplement Mix for Geriatrics

This study aims to develop a functional prebiotic nutraceutical supplement mix for geriatrics and evaluate its nutritional and sensory characteristics. Prebiotics are non-digestible food nutrients that selectively stimulate the activities of beneficial probiotic organisms in the colon and maintain intestinal microbial balance. Nutraceutical includes functional foods, dietary supplements, and medical foods. Geriatrics is a medical practice that addresses older patients' complex needs and maintains functional independence even in the presence of chronic diseases. Elderly people are at risk for macro and micronutrient deficiencies due to various social, physical, and economic obstacles. This research product aims to promote the ideal blend of grains, legumes, and nuts for elderly people and enhance their nutritional energy. Foxtail millets, oats, garlic, almonds &amp; cashew nuts possess high prebiotic content. This study formulated ten formulations using Response Surface Method – Design Expert 12.0. The third sample (Trial 3) containing foxtail millet (25%), green pea protein isolate (10%), oats (15%) and carrot (15%), pomegranate (15%), garlic (5%), almond &amp; cashew nut (5%), skim milk solids (10%) had the highest score for sensory attributes. The developed combination was high in nutrients and provide ample protein and energy for daily needs. Its nutritional value for 100g is of total protein (11.5%), fat (4.36), carbohydrate (67.57), vitamins, minerals, and total energy (360.17 K/Cal).

P20-037-23 Prebiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation Impact on the Iron Status and Gut Microbiota in a Neonatal Piglet Model

P20-037-23 Prebiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation Impact on the Iron Status and Gut Microbiota in a Neonatal Piglet Model

Ishige okamurae Celluclast extract ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver in high-fructose diet-fed mice by modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota composition.

Recently, a new mechanism has revealed that gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in metabolizing fructose to acetate that facilitates hepatic lipogenesis. Therefore, our study investigated the role of microbiome on abnormal lipid synthesis in the presence of fructose and identified attenuating effects of Ishige okamurae Celluclast extract (IOCE) against fructose-induced fatty liver. The results indicated that oral administration of IOCE (150 and 300mg/kg/day for 12 weeks) significantly reduced both gut microbiota-mediated and -non-mediated hepatic lipogenesis simultaneously triggered by fructose metabolism. IOCE reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation and expression levels of key enzymes for glucolipid metabolism. In addition, IOCE regulated fatty acid synthesis, β-oxidation, and improved hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, IOCE inhibited direct fructose-to-acetate conversion and altered the compositions of gut microbiota. These findings suggest that IOCE might serve as a potential prebiotic dietary supplement by ameliorating fatty liver through dual regulation of classical lipogenic pathway and gut microbiota.

Lepidium Sativum Mucilage: From Characterization to Prebiotic Assessment

Cress or garden cress (Lepidium sativum) has been widely reported for its numerous pharmacological activities. The cress seeds possess numbers of nutraceutical values from rubefacient, galactogogue, laxative to diuretic properties. In the current study mucilage is extracted from the seeds of Lepidium sativum by different methods and further purified exploiting the method of Munir et al. with slight modification. Chemical characterization confirmed the presence of carbohydrate, mucilage and polysaccharide. Proximate analysis confirmed the presence of crude fats, proteins, fibers and carbohydrates. FTIR analysis of Lepidium sativum mucilage shows presence of O-H, C-H and C=O functional group. We further investigated the prebiotic potential of Lepidium sativum L. seeds mucilage on different lactobacilli strains. The quantification of the total reducing sugar in the mucilage was attained by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometric method. The mucilage exhibited efficient resistance against α-amylase and artificial gastric juice hydrolysis compared to standard prebiotic inulin. The mucilage also exhibited efficient activity necessary for the augmentation of almost all strains of lactobacilli. In vitro studies also exhibited that lactobacilli amount was at par to standard prebiotics (p&lt;0.05) in the medium supplemented with the mucilage. Further stability studies confirmed the stability of L. sativum mucilage over a period of six months making it a potential prebiotic nutrient supplement and pharmaceutical excipient.