Preschool Children's School Readiness Research Articles

유아 기질의 부정적 정서성과 수줍음이 취학 전 유아의 학습준비도에 미치는 종단적 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine whether the negative emotionality and shyness of 3-year-old children's temperament have a longitudinal effect on the school readiness of 5-year-old preschool children mediated by sleep problems one year later. Methods Data from 1,415 households in the 5th (2012), 6th (2013), and 7th (2014) years of the Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC) conducted by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education were used. Correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the descriptive statistics and relationships of the main research variables, and structural equation models were analyzed to determine the paths between the variables. Bootstrapping was also conducted to test the significance of the indirect effects. Results It has been found that the negative emotionality of 3-year-old children's temperament not only directly influences the school readiness of preschool children at the age of 5, but also indirectly affects their readiness through mediating the sleeping patterns of children. However, while shyness has a direct impact on preschool children's readiness for learning two years later, its indirect effect was found to be insignificant. Conclusions This study confirmed the longitudinal effects of the negative emotionality and shyness of 3-year-old children's temperament and the children's sleep problems one year later in explaining the school readiness of 5-year-old preschool children. These results can be used to raise the importance of sleep in early childhood and to develop a range of measures to support children's readiness to learn based on their temperament.

Association between atopic dermatitis and school readiness in preschool children.

Although atopic dermatitis (AD) in children affects diverse stages of life, no studies have reported on the association between school readiness and AD. This study used Korean National Health Insurance data and the Health Screening Program for Infants and Children. Among all children born between 2008 and 2012 in Korea, those who were assessed for school readiness through questionnaires in a health screening program performed at 54 and 60 months old were enrolled. AD was defined based on the International Classification of Diseases codes, with two or more prescriptions of topical corticosteroids during the first 54-60 months of life. The primary outcome was the association between school readiness and AD. The questionnaire relating to school readiness comprised six items - cognitive skills, social development, activeness, concentration, emotional development, and language skills. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the associations between school readiness and AD. This study included 239,673 children without AD and 38,229 children with AD. The average age at which school readiness was assessed was 4.8 years. AD was associated with vulnerability in activeness (adjusted odds ratio: 1.127; 95% confidence interval: 1.071-1.186) and concentrations (1.170; 1.093-1.254). The impact of AD on concentrations showed consistent results regardless of sex, exposure to systemic corticosteroids and antihistamines, and age at the diagnosis of AD. Children with AD have vulnerability in school readiness in the aspects of activeness and concentration.

The Effectiveness of a Parents as Teachers Home Visitation Program on School Readiness: An Application of Complier Average Causal Effect Analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate an encouragement trial of a Parents as Teachers (PAT) home visitation intervention on the school readiness of preschool children using an innovative analysis to address issues of selective enrollment. Method Families were given the opportunity to enroll in a PAT program through a randomized lottery. The PAT program is assessed using standardized measures of school readiness before and after the two-year program. A comparison of three different analyses is used to evaluate the program – Average Treatment Effect (ATE) analysis, Intent-to-Treat (ITT) analysis, and Complier Average Causal Effect (CACE) analysis. CACE is an innovative analysis developed specifically to diagnose bias arising from selective enrollment in the context of an encouragement trial. Result All three analyses (ATE, ITT, and CACE) provide statistically significant evidence of an effective PAT program. However, the effect sizes for the CACE analysis are over twice as large as the other two analyses. The Cohen’s D for CACE is .934 compared to .424 for ATE and .381 for ITT. Conclusion This study provides evidence of an effective PAT program. The comparison of ATE, ITT, and CACE analyses reveals the potential for meaningful under-reporting of the program’s impact if selective enrollment is ignored. CACE analysis demonstrates how selective enrollment can bias evaluations of home visitation interventions in general.

Association Between Screen Time of Mobile Devices and TV and School Readiness in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT We aimed to investigate the relationship between screen time and school readiness. A total of 80 ppreschool children were included. Parents were interviewed about their children’s daily screen time. The Metropolitan Readiness Test was utilized. Results showed that the school readiness of those with a total screen time of 3 hours or less was significantly higher. TV time was inversely associated with reading readiness (B=− 2.30,p < .001), whereas mobile device time was inversely associated with both reading (B = −0.96,p = .04) and numbers readiness (B = −0.98,p = .02). This study point to the importance of supervising children’s screen use, and of awareness of parents and professionals.

An investigation of Head Start preschool children's executive function, early literacy, and numeracy learning in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on preschool children's school readiness skills remains understudied. This research investigates Head Start preschool children's early numeracy, literacy, and executive function outcomes during a pandemic-affected school year. Study children (N = 336 assessed at fall baseline; N = 237-250 assessed in spring depending on outcome; fall baseline sample: mean age = 51 months; 46% Hispanic; 36% Black Non-Hispanic; 52% female) in a network of Head Start centers in four states (Nevada, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin) experienced low in-person preschool exposure compared to national pre-pandemic norms. Children experienced fall to spring score gains during the pandemic-affected year of 0.05 SD in executive function, 0.27 SD in print knowledge, and 0.45-0.71 SD in early numeracy skills. Descriptively, for two of the three early numeracy domains measured, spring test score outcomes were stronger among children who attended more in-person preschool. We discuss implications for future research and policy.

Working memory and school readiness in preschool children with sickle cell disease compared to demographically matched controls.

Children diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk of the development of neurobehavioural problems early in life. Specific impairments in executive function skills, including working memory, have been documented in school-aged children with SCD. These executive skills are known to strongly contribute to early academic skills and preparedness for entering kindergarten. This study examined working memory and school readiness in preschool children with SCD compared to a healthy control group matched for race, sex and parent education. A total of 84 patients diagnosed with SCD (61.9% haemoglobin [Hb]SS/HbSβ0 -thalassaemia) and 168 controls completed testing. The mean (SD) ages of patients and controls at testing were 4.53(0.38) and 4.44(0.65)years respectively. The SCD group performed worse than controls on measures of executive function, working memory and school readiness (p < 0.01; Cohen's D range: 0.32-0.39). Measures of working memory were associated with school readiness after accounting for early adaptive development. Multiple linear regression models among patients diagnosed with SCD revealed that college education of the primary caregiver was positively associated with school readiness (p < 0.001) after controlling for sex, genotype, age and early adaptive development. These results highlight the need to implement school readiness interventions in young children diagnosed with SCD emphasising executive function skills.

Purposeful parenting by Mexican-heritage mothers: Advancing school readiness through social-emotional competence.

We investigate how Mexican-heritage mothers' socialization beliefs and strategies contribute to their preschool children's school readiness. While Latinx children typically start kindergarten with strong social competencies, they also start with less strong early literacy and math skills, in comparison with their non-Latinx peers. We propose that-paralleling Lareau's (2003) theory of "concerted cultivation," whereby White, middle-class parents purportedly display great intentionality in nurturing the academic and extracurricular skills of their children-Mexican-heritage mothers purposefully cultivate their children's social-emotional skills. Using structured interviews and home observations over a 14-month period, we follow 23 Mexican-heritage mothers and their 24 preschool children. Drawing on ecocultural theory, Mexican-heritage mothers engage their preschool children in a concerted fashion to develop their social-emotional competence. Specifically, they: (a) articulate the role of children's social-emotional skills vis-à-vis academic skills related to school readiness; (b) delineate the character of their children's social-emotional skills; and (c) promote social-emotional skills through intention-filled parenting practices relevant to their cultural contexts. Understanding parents' "concerted cultivation" in differing cultural contexts may facilitate teachers' use of practices that better align with families' home practices and more effectively support the learning of Latinx children across academic domains. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Using Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation to Facilitate the Social–Emotional Competence and School Readiness of Preschool Children in Marginalized Communities

Using Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation to Facilitate the Social–Emotional Competence and School Readiness of Preschool Children in Marginalized Communities

The Relationship between Physical Activity, Self-Regulation and Cognitive School Readiness in Preschool Children.

(1) Background: Limited research exists on the pathways through which physical activity influences cognitive development in the early years. This study examined the direct and indirect relationships between physical activity, self-regulation, and cognitive school readiness in preschool children. (2) Method: Participants (n = 56) aged 3–5 years were recruited from the PLAYCE study, Perth, Western Australia. Physical activity was measured using 7-day accelerometry. Self-regulation was measured using the Head Toes Knees and Shoulders task and cognitive school readiness was assessed using the Bracken School Readiness Assessment. Baron and Kenny’s method was used for mediation analysis. (3) Results: After adjustment for socio-demographic factors, total physical activity was positively and significantly associated with cognitive school readiness (B = 0.16, SE = 0.07, p ≤ 0.05). Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was positively and significantly associated with self-regulation (B = 0.3, SE = 0.13, p ≤ 0.05) and cognitive school readiness score (B = 0.20, SE = 0.09, p ≤ 0.05). Self-regulation was found to be a partial mediator of the relationship between MVPA and cognitive school readiness. (4) Conclusion: These findings highlight the direct and indirect association between preschool children’s physical activity, self-regulation, and cognitive school readiness. Further research is needed to determine the causal relationships between young children’s physical activity and cognitive development, over time.

Poczucie kontroli a gotowość szkolna dzieci przedszkolnych

&lt;p class="Standard"&gt;Celem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie związku między poczuciem umiejscowienia kontroli a gotowością szkolną, rozumianą jako zainteresowanie dziecka uczeniem się. Związek ten, jak wynika z dotychczasowej literatury przedmiotu, jest istotny z punktu widzenia specyfiki funkcjonowania psychofizycznego małego dziecka. Poczucie kontroli jest pojęciem psychologicznym oznaczającym wymiar osobowości, który warunkuje to, jak człowiek postrzega zależności występujące między jego zachowaniem a skutkami tego zachowania. Problem główny sformułowano następująco: Jaki jest rodzaj związku umiejscowienia poczucia kontroli z gotowością szkolną dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym? W celu jego weryfikacji zbadano 80 dzieci w wieku 6 lat oraz ich rodziców. Poczucie umiejscowienia kontroli zmierzono za pomocą kwestionariusza Skali Poczucia Kontroli u Dzieci Przedszkolnych (SPK-DP), natomiast gotowość szkolną za pomocą Rodzicielskiej Skali Gotowości Szkolnej (RSGS). Otrzymane wyniki jednoznacznie dowodzą, że dzieci, u których stwierdza się zewnętrzne poczucie kontroli, są wyżej oceniane pod względem wszystkich umiejętności składających się na gotowość szkolną. Dotyczy to zarówno zdolności w zakresie aktywności poznawczej, wiedzy z zakresu umiejętności społecznych, jak i zdolności matematycznych.&lt;/p&gt;

Profiles of School Readiness of Preschool Children in Greece as Assessed by the Early Development Instrument

ABSTRACT This study explores the utility of the Early Development Instrument (EDI) as a population-based measure of school readiness in Crete, Greece, during times of economic austerity. It is unique in that no similar investigation examining school readiness for grade one has been conducted in this country. More specifically, it identifies kindergarten children who are vulnerable (fail to meet age-appropriate developmental expectations), at risk (not in the vulnerable range, but still score lower than expected for their age), and on track (all others) for success in grade one. It also investigates demographic factors associated with children’s higher odds of vulnerability. Participants include 954 children (mean: 5.7 years) from 63 kindergarten schools. Results demonstrate that 26.4% of the sample are developmentally vulnerable, 27.5% are at risk, and 46.1% are on track. Additionally, children with special needs vs. those without, males vs. females, younger vs. older cohorts, and those in rural vs. urban areas are associated with higher odds of developmental vulnerability. This study shows that the EDI can be an effective tool to help guide Greek policy development in early childhood education and care, inform key programming decisions, and introduce timely interventions that will help improve vulnerable children’s chances for school success.

Assessment and development of school readiness level of preschool children through using computerized platform

ABSTRACT School readiness is recognized as one of the key starting points for children’s further success in their school work and in their subsequent career. However, many kindergarten teachers still miss and long for a comprehensive, reliable and standardized diagnostic tool which could help them recognize the level of children’s school readiness. That is why the Psychological-pedagogical Centre called STEP (in the Czech Republic) developed in 2018 such a tool called the iSophi-diagnostics. Moreover, to prevent children with potential problems from being left behind, the Centre developed also the iSophi-SMART tool, which is an educational game in which a haptic and tactile experience is used in the desired learning process with the aim to develop the level of graphomotoric skills, mathematical thinking, spatial skills, time perception, verbal reasoning, and visual perception appearing in children aged 5–7. The research aimed at the investigation of the effect of the iSophi-SMART on the developmental level of the school readiness of preschool children will start this year. The first experience gained from our pilot study has already confirmed statistically significant benefits in almost each of the above mentioned cognitive areas. The biggest achievement has been noticed in the areas of spatial skills and time orientation.

Peran keterlibatan orang tua terhadap kesiapan sekolah pada anak prasekolah

Preschool children will pass transitions period from Kindergarten into elementary school which has new requirements. Transition period can work efficiently if children have had the preparation of “ready for school”. The factors which influence the school readiness is the involvement of parents. Parental involvement is needed because it will create continuity between children's education at home and at school. This research aimed to determine the effect of parental involvement on school readiness in preschool children. This research method used quantitative methods with a sampling technique of random sampling. The subjects of the research were parents who had preschool children of 100 respondents. The instrument used the PIQ and SRQ (Indonesian standard). Data analysis used simple linear regression test. The results showed F value = 33.211, p &lt; 0.01 that there was positive effect on parents’ involvement toward significant school readiness with home-based involvement having strong relations from other dimensional.

Стиль отношения значимых взрослых к ребенку как условие становления школьной неуспешности

The paper presents outcomes of a study on features of school readiness in preschool children and on psychological and pedagogical factors of learning difficulties in first-grade children. The techniques used in the study were aimed at revealing the developmental features of conceptual, logical, abstract thinking (verbal as well as non-verbal test materials), reading skills and psychoemotional development in the children. Types of attitudes towards the children among the significant adults (parents, caregivers, teachers) were also analysed. It is argued that the adult’s constructive attitude towards the child promotes his/her emotional well-being which, in turn, positively affects the child’s academic performance.

Effect of Preschool Home Visiting on School Readiness and Need for Services in Elementary School

Home visiting programs targeting the school readiness of preschool children (age range, 4-5 years) show promise in short-term and quasi-experimental studies but rarely are evaluated with rigorous designs and follow-up assessments. To examine the sustained effects of a preschool home visiting program on child and family competencies and on child need for services 4 years later. In a randomized clinical trial, individual families with preschool children were assigned to receive the Research-Based and Developmentally Informed-Parent home visiting program (REDI-P) (intervention group) or math home learning games in the mail (control group). Follow-up assessments occurred in third grade. Families were recruited from 24 Head Start centers in 3 Pennsylvania counties serving rural and urban areas. Four-year-old children from 200 low-income families participated. Families were recruited in fall 2008 and fall 2009. The follow-up data used were collected in spring 2013 and spring 2014. The analyses were conducted in 2016 to 2017. REDI-P visits followed a well-specified curriculum, with 10 home visits during preschool and 6 booster visits in kindergarten. Parents received coaching to enhance parent-child relationships and home learning materials to support child development and school readiness. Intervention focused on boosting competencies in academic performance and social-emotional adjustment and reducing child problems at home. Direct assessments, teacher ratings, and parent reports were collected. In addition, third-grade teachers recorded all services that children needed and received at school. Two hundred participating children (110 [55.0%] white, 52 [26.0%] black, and 38 [19.0%] Latino; 112 [56.0%] male) had a mean (SD) age of 4.45 (0.29) years at the start of intervention. Third-grade outcomes were available for 153 (76.5%) of the initial sample and revealed statistically significant effects on multiple measures in each competency domain. In addition, REDI-P reduced child need for educational and mental health services at school. Significant effect sizes were small to moderate, averaging approximately one-third of 1 SD (Cohen d = 0.27 to 0.45). Mediation models demonstrated that intervention effects on services were accounted for by intervention effects on the targeted competencies. REDI-P produced sustained benefits evident 4 years after intervention, significantly reducing child need for school services. The results of this study appear to validate the value of preschool home visiting as a strategy to help close the gap in school readiness and child well-being associated with poverty.

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Preschool Children's School Readiness

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Preschool Children's School Readiness

Some variables predicting the school readiness of preschool children

The main purpose of this study is determining the predictive power of the levels of the school readiness in the preschool children by some variables such as social skills, social interaction practices and education status of the parents. The population of the study in the general screening model is composed of 60 to 66-month old children attending to independent preschools registered by the Ministry of National Education in Konya, Turkey. The sample of this study is selected through stratified sampling method among schools, which represent families and their children of three different socio-economic (low, mid and high), in three central districts of Konya. These levels are determined by the Directorate of National Education. Sample group is composed of 42 preschool teachers and 210 children in total, which is sufficient in terms of the number of the participants. Social Skills Test for Preschool-aged Children, Social Interaction Practices for the Preschool Years (SIPPY) Questionnaire and Metropolitan School Readiness Test were employed in the study. Multiple regression analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used for the analyses of the study. By employing linear multiple regression analysis, it was determined that to what extent the variables social skills, social interaction practices, and education status of the parents predict the school readiness level. At the end of the stepwise regression analysis that was utilized to find out whether aforementioned variables have a significant contribution to predict school readiness level, it was found that 10 % of the school readiness level of 60 to 66-month old children attending pre-school education was explained by environmental strategies about social interaction practices applied by preschool teachers, 4% of it was explained by communication skill that is one of the social skills of the children, and 3 % of it was explained by the education status of the father

Migrant preschool children's school readiness and early elementary school performance

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the early educational performance of children in migrant farmworker families. The authors examined the school readiness and early school success of 289 four-year-old preschool children of migrant families attending Redlands Christian Migrant Association centers. Children's school readiness was assessed and public school records were used for longitudinal follow-up. Children improved on age-4 school readiness domains, and although some struggled with emergent English literacy, many performed well on school readiness measures and later coursework. Children quickly became proficient in oral English, and had above-average school attendance. Many scored low on high-stakes tests; however, typically well enough for grade promotion. Students in the sample were comparable to similar students in poverty. School teachers and administrators should have high expectations for students from migrant families because many of them do stay in the public school system, and appear to be quite resilient despite many challenges they face.

The Influence of Georgia’s Quality Rated System on School Readiness in Preschool Children

Background: Initially launched in 2012, the Quality Rated (QR) program in Georgia is a policy tool for assessing, improving, and communicating the quality of early childhood education and care. Star level designations – zero-star, one-star, two-star, and three-star – are assigned based on a portfolio of QR standards and an onsite Environment Rating Scales observation. In the present study, we used QR data to determine if childcare quality measures (QR ratings) are linked with the readiness of children to enter kindergarten.

Beyond behavior modification: Benefits of social–emotional/self-regulation training for preschoolers with behavior problems

The current study evaluated the initial efficacy of three intervention programs aimed at improving school readiness in preschool children with externalizing behavior problems (EBP). Participants for this study included 45 preschool children (76% boys; Mage=5.16years; 84% Hispanic/Latino background) with at-risk or clinically elevated levels of EBP. During the summer between preschool and kindergarten, children were randomized to receive three newly developed intervention packages. The first and most cost effective intervention package was an 8-week School Readiness Parenting Program (SRPP). Families randomized into the second and third intervention packages received not only the weekly SRPP, but children also attended two different versions of an intensive kindergarten summer readiness class (M-F, 8a.m.–5p.m.) that was part of an 8-week summer treatment program for pre-kindergarteners (STP-PreK). One version included the standard behavioral modification system and academic curriculum (STP-PreK) while the other additionally contained social–emotional and self-regulation training (STP-PreK Enhanced). Baseline, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up data were collected on children's school readiness outcomes including parent, teacher, and objective assessment measures. Analyses using linear mixed models indicated that children's behavioral functioning significantly improved across all groups in a similar magnitude. Children in the STP-PreK Enhanced group, however, experienced greater growth across time in academic achievement, emotion knowledge, emotion regulation, and executive functioning compared to children in the other groups. These findings suggest that while parent training is sufficient to address children's behavioral difficulties, an intensive summer program that goes beyond behavioral modification and academic preparation by targeting socio-emotional and self-regulation skills can have incremental benefits across multiple aspects of school readiness.