Pre-experimental Research Design Research Articles

Effectiveness of Community Based Nutritional Education of Mothers on Nutritional Status of their Children below 6 Years of Age in Selected Rural Area

Background: Children are the future of any nation and the progress of any nation depends upon the education that they acquire today, the same kind of education they will apply on themselves or their nation future. It is necessary for any nation to take special care of below 6-year children by providing basic components like well-balanced food, excellence education, hospital and shelter. Community based nutritional education process can increase the growth and development, and performance of their children. The nutritional education of mothers is vital for child grooming and they are their first educator. Methods: A Pre-experimental research design as used for current study. Assessment of nutritional status of children below 6 years of age and their mothers, was assessed by using anthropometric measurement scale, 50 samples were selected by using convenient sampling technique who are below 6 year children and their mothers residing at Sigikeri LT and Sigikeri rural areas of Bagalkot taluk, district, Karnataka. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The result of pretest score depicts that the majority of Children, were 26(52%) found with normal level up Malnutrition, 24(48%) were with mild level of Malnutrition, and no one had Moderate, Severe and Very severe levels of Malnutrition. Whereas the post test score depicts that majority 47(94%) of children were normal score of level of malnutrition (>80%), followed by 3(6%) of children were mild level of malnutrition score (71-80%). Hence study the depicts that there is an significance difference in between pre test scores and post test scores of Height, Weight and Midarm circumference, and it shows community based nutritional education was found to be effective. There was a no significant association found between nutritional status of children. With sociodemographic variables. Conclusion: The overall study findings depicted that the effectiveness of community based on nutritional ...

Pengaruh Edukasi Kesehatan Terhadap Kesiapan Menghadapi Menarche Pada Siswi Mi Thoriqotululum

The background to this research includes that female students experience development from childhood to adolescence which is marked by physical changes and the start of the reproductive system becoming active, one of the signs of which is menarche. Female students who are not ready to face menarche can cause negative reactions in the form of anxiety, fear, surprise, worry, confusion and restlessness. One effort to increase readiness is through health education about menarche. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of health education about menarche on readiness to face menarche among female MI Thoriqotul Ulum Tlogoharum students. This research uses an experimental method with a pre-experimental research design. The number of samples was 20 female students. The research instrument used a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses Wilcoxon univariate and bivariate analysis. The research results showed that the majority of female students were 11 years old (55%), the Wilcoxon test results showed that the majority of female students were well prepared, namely 16 female students (80%), and in the moderate readiness category 4 female students (20%) with a Wilcoxon correlation coefficient of 3.923 with significance. 0.000<0.05. Research Conclusion: There is an influence of health education about menarche on the readiness to face menarche among female MI Thoriqotul Ulum Tlogoharum students. Keyword: Education, Readiness, Menarche

Pengaruh Edukasi Keamanan Pangan terhadap Pengetahuan Pemilihan Jajanan pada Anak SD Kelas V di SDN 1 Landono Kabupaten Konawe Selatan

Food is a basic need for every human being to be able to carry out physiological functions. Safe food is food that is free from microbes, chemicals and dangerous substances which, if intentionally or accidentally consumed by humans, will not cause health problems. School children are the forerunners of the nation's next generation. At this age, children have lots of busy activities, causing them to need a healthy physical condition. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of food safety education on knowledge of snack choices in class V children at SDN 1 Landono. The type of research used is pre-experimental design research. This research was conducted on one group, namely the experimental group that received treatment. The population in this study were all students from classes VA and VB, totaling 36 people, the sample was 33 people. Research results: Knowledge of snack selection among fifth grade elementary school children at SDN 1 Landono before being given education had an average score of 12.21. Knowledge of snack selection among fifth grade elementary school children at SDN 1 Landono after being given education had an average score of 13.39. There is an influence of food safety education on knowledge of snack choices in fifth grade elementary school students at SDN 1 Landono with p value = 0.000. Suggestion: For the SDN 1 Landono School, it is hoped that this research can provide input so that the school can continue to provide education about choosing healthy snacks for its students. For future researchers, it is hoped that this research can serve as input and reference material for future researchers.

Effectiveness of resistance band swimming training on muscle strength in swimmers with physical disabilities in the 50-meter freestyle

Resistance band training can increase muscle strength in swimmers with physical disabilities, especially because muscle strength problems often hinder achieving optimal performance. This study aimed to determine the effect of resistance band training on the muscle strength of swimmers with physical disabilities number 50 meters freestyle. This research method uses a one-group pretest-posttest design with an experimental approach. This study used a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design research design. This research instrument used a total sampling recruitment technique involving 28 Jakarta Para Swim athletes. PretestPretest and post-test tools, including a 50-meter freestyle swimming course, were used in this study. Using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27, data analysis methods included a t-test at a significant level of 0.05, normality and homogeneity tests, and prerequisite tests. The results of this study state that the average speed of 28 athletes is 42.21 freestyle meters before the test and 38.77 freestyle meters after the test there is an increase in the average speed of 50 meters freestyle by 10%, or 3.44 seconds in resistance band training for swimmers with disabilities number 50 meters freestyle with an increase of 10%, namely 3.44 seconds. These results provide a basis for disability sports coaches and practitioners to integrate resistance band training as part of a training program to improve swimming performance for athletes with physical disabilities.

EFEKTIVITAS PERMAINAN JUMP SHAPE UNTUK MENGENALKAN BENTUK GEOMETRI PADA PEMBELAJARAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA DINI

The problem found in Khodijah Mulyojati Kindergarten Metro Barat is that some children have difficulty recognizing geometric shapes such as circles, triangles, squares and rectangles. This is due to the lack of learning media about geometric shapes used during learning that makes children not too happy and does not attract children's attention during learning. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative method with the type of research used is a pre-experimental design research method with the research model used is one group pretest posttest design. Data collection uses observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires on a Likert scale. The results of this study were known that the validity test with the results of valid instrument items amounted to 30 items, the reliability test was 0.920, the normality test of the pretest was 0.154 and the posttest was 0.077, the homogeneity test was 0.458 and the paired sample t-test hypothesis test was 0.001 with a significance level of 0.05. The average score of the pretest was 76.2 and the average score of the posttest was 101.28. In this experimental class, there was an increase after being given treatment using the jump shape game media of 25.08. Based on the results of this study, it shows that there is an effectiveness in the use of jump shape game media to introduce geometric shapes in early childhood cognitive learning at Khodijah Mulyojati Kindergarten, West Metro.

Basic Life Support Education to Increase the Knowledge, Attitudes and Skills of Members Marine and Air Police Directorate

Abstract Drowning is one the most common accident in Riau Island. Drowning can cause hypoxia, acidosis lactate and hypothermia, this can result in cardiovascular dysfunction, ie heart rhythm disorders to cardiac arrest. Basic life support is needed to restore breathing and circulation fungction of a person. Marine and Air Police Directorate Riau Islands is the front line of providing assistance and rescue at sea and waters. Previously there was no proper BLS training, therefore the training is needed to prepare first responders. This study aimed to determine of Basic Life Support education to increase on knowledge, attitudes and skills member of Marine and Air Police Directorate Riau Islands. This research used a quantitative method with a research design with pre experimental design research design used with one group pre-post design without control. The total number of samples taken with purposive randomsampling of Subditpatroliairud Members and Police Boat members with 50 subjects and data analysis using Paired T-Test. Theaverage before and after education BLS were 58,13-83,33 for knowledge, 78,77-83,33 on attitude, 29,84-79,23 on skill. Paired T-Test on knowledge, attitudes and skills with a p-value of 0,000 (p-value<0,05) therefore Ha is accepted. Therefore, there is an effecton BLS training on improving knowledge, attitudes and skills member of Marine and Air Police Directorate.

Science Process Skills Through The Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain And Create (Radec) Learning Model On Science Materials In High School

Natural Sciences (IPA) is a science related to nature that is systematically arranged through an investigation. The RADEC model as one of the solutions in the learning process that accommodates students to exchange information obtained and solve a problem. The purpose of this study is to implement the role of RADEC syntax in triggering student expertise in science process abilities (KPS). Increasing KPS requires the application of the RADEC Model to see the significance of increasing the use of the model, the measuring instrument used to measure KPS is a data collection instrument in the form of an observation sheet that has been prepared and then validated constructively (material experts). Sampling was carried out using convenience sampling, class sampling was carried out using a non-random technique which was then tested statistically as a basis for determining classes with the same abilities. The type of research conducted in this study is Pre-Experimental Design research. The posttest score of students' science process skills in the experimental class had the highest score of 96 and the lowest score of 78. While the posttest score in the control class had the highest score of 89 and the lowest score of 72. The average score of students' science process skills in the experimental class was 86 with a high category and in the control class was 80 with a very moderate category. The average score of students' science process skills in the experimental class was 81.66% with a moderate category. Students' science process skills in the Experimental class obtained the highest percentage on the observing indicator of 93.18% and the lowest percentage on the making a hypothesis indicator of 75.00%. Students' science process skills in the Control class obtained the highest percentage on the observing indicator of 86.36% and the lowest percentage on the making a hypothesis indicator of 61.36%.

Behavioral Changes In Contraceptive Use Among Women Of Reproductive Age With Unmet Needs Following Family Planning Counseling

The low participation of women of childbearing age in participating in family planning services has led to an increase in the incidence of unmet need in Indonesia. This research aims to determine the differences in knowledge, attitudes, and decision-making in women of childbearing age who have unmet needs before and after being given family planning counseling in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Tabanan III. This research uses a pre-experimental research design. The sample for this research is women of childbearing age (WUS) with unmet needs in the UPTD Puskesmas Tabanan III sample of 40 people. The data was then analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Wilcoxon test. The results show that there are differences in knowledge, attitudes, and decision-making in women of childbearing age who have unmet needs before and after being given family planning counseling. It is hoped that health workers will maintain and improve the quality of providing family planning services to the community.

EFFICACY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE MODULES FOR NOVICE-COLLEGE STUDENTS: A PATHWAY TO READING SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS

This study aims at investigating significant difference in reading scientific journals of Novice students o IAI Al Qolam Malang before and after using English language module as the treatment. Accordingly, thi current study employs pre experimental research design precisely One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design wit taking 25 ELT students of al Qolam University as the samples. Based on the result of statistica calculation it is discovered that the instruction using English language module is unable to improve th Novice students’ reading skill of scientific journals at IAI Al Qolam Malang..Key words: scientific journals, Novice students, English modul

Exploring The Impact of Kinesthetic Learning Strategies on Speaking Ability: A Study for Integrating Movement and English Language

The purpose of this research was to investigates the effect of kinesthetic learning strategies on the speaking abilities of English learner. Employing a pre-experimental research design, the study involved 20 students from an FLC (Foreign Language Course) program. The research utilized quantitative methods, specifically oral tests, to measure the effectiveness of kinesthetic learning strategies. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests and analyzed using SPSS 22. The findings reveal a significant improvement in the speaking abilities of students who engaged in kinesthetic learning activities. The results of hypothesis testing showed a t-test value of 8.519 at p < 0.01, indicating that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. This suggests that kinesthetic learning strategies are effective in enhancing English speaking skills. The study concludes that integrating movement-based activities into language learning curricula can significantly benefit students' speaking proficiency. These findings support the adoption of kinesthetic learning strategies in language education, advocating for more dynamic and engaging instructional methods that cater to various learning styles.

THE EFFECT OF THE READ, ANSWER, DISCUSS, EXPLAIN, AND CREATE (RADEC) LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENTS' CHEMICAL LITERACY SKILLS IN THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM

This research aims to determine the influence of the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create (RADEC) model on the chemical literacy abilities of class XI students at SMA Negeri 7 Lhokseumawe through aspects of chemical literacy, namely aspects of context, knowledge, and competence. This research is Pre-Experimental Design research, carried out in the odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year at SMA Negeri 7 Lhokseumawe. The subjects in this study consisted of 2 classes that took cross-interest chemistry lessons, namely classes XI-1 and XI-2, with 55 students. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling. The data collection techniques and instruments used in this research were essay questions in the form of stories or literacy, totaling nine questions about reaction rate. The research results show that the t-test data on students' chemical literacy test learning outcomes has a sig. value. (2-tailed) 0.000 0.05, so H0 is rejected, and Ha is accepted. The conclusion is that the RADEC learning model influences the scientific literacy abilities of class XI students at SMAN 7 Lhokseumawe on the reaction rate material. The average value of the students' chemical literacy aspects is that the average value of the context aspect in the experimental class is 79.01, the knowledge aspect is 87.65, and the competency aspect is 60.49. The average value of the context aspect in the control class is 69.04, the knowledge aspect is 35.11, and the competency aspect is 45.83. The influence of chemical literacy abilities can be seen from the average value of students who use the RADEC learning model 76, with the good criterion being higher than students who use the conventional learning model, which is 50 with sufficient criteria.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENGLISH SINGSING YOUTUBE CHANNEL ON THE VOCABULARY MASTERY OF THE 2nd GRADE STUDENTS OF SDN KEPATIHAN BANYUWANGI

The use of Youtube app among young learners has become a phenomenon. Obviously, watching YouTube videos is not always a bad thing. If the teachers and the parents lead them on selective topic watched like on vocabulary topics, it will have a positive impact on kids’ vocabulary mastery. This research aims to investigate whether there is any effect of English Singsing YouTube channel on the vocabulary mastery of the 2nd grade students of SDN Kepatihan. The pre experimental research design was employed with 29 respondent of 2nd grade were involved. Multiple choice test is chosen for the data collecting method that consist 20 questions of concrete nouns for the test. For the data analysis is used t-test formula. The researcher found that there is enhancement on the post-test. The mean score was 61,72 in the pre-test and 87,06 in the post-test. The result of t-test is higher than t-table (12,87 > 1,70). The researcher concluded that there is significant effect of English Singsing YouTube Channel on the Vocabulary mastery of the 2nd grade students of SDN Kepatihan Banyuwangi.

MATH DRILL TO IMPROVE THE COMPUTATIONAL FLUENCY OF GRADE 9 STUDENTS IN ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF INTEGERS NUMBERS

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the Olympic Integer intervention on the computational fluency of students in adding and subtracting integers. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores of the students. A pre-experimental research design was utilized to measure the effect of the intervention. Data were gather from 30 Grade 9 students at Doña Carmen Soriano National High School, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was done through pretest and post-test administration. Findings revealed a substantial difference in the scores before and after the intervention. The mean pretest score was 9.90 (Moderate), while the mean post-test score was 17.70 (Very High). The paired t-test results indicated a significant improvement in students' scores from the pretest to the post-test, with t (29) = -15.144, p < .001. This substantial difference suggests a strong effect of the intervention on students' ability to add and subtract integers, indicating a highly significant and positive impact on their computational fluency. KEYWORDS: Intervention, Computational Fluency, Olympic Integers, Pre-experimental Design, Integer Operation, Philippines

Pengaruh Problem Solving Therapy terhadap Kecemasan Global pada Pasien Skizofrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that is often encountered and hospitalized. Schizophrenia is a long-term and serious brain disease that results in psychotic behavior, concrete thinking, and difficulties in processing information, interpersonal relationships, and solving problems. One of the symptoms that arise from various types of disorders and symptoms of schizophrenia is anxiety which affects daily functional limitations, including the inability to solve problems. Therefore, non-pharmacological therapy with CBT is given to train the patient's problem-solving skills. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of problem-solving therapy on global anxiety in schizophrenia patients. Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach, with a pre-experimental research design type One group Pretest-posttest. The research sample consisted of 22 people, obtained through purposive sampling. The instrument used to measure the sample's anxiety was the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Hypothesis testing analysis uses a paired sample t-test. Results: The research sample was dominated by men (63.6%), aged 26-35 years (50%), had a history of high school/K education (50%), and a low socioeconomic level (81.8%). Hypothesis testing showed a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Problem-solving therapy affects the global anxiety of schizophrenia patients at RSJD Dr. RM. Soedjarwadi Klaten. Bibliography: 74 (2009-2023) Keywords: Problem-Solving Therapy, Anxiety, Schizophrenia

RAISE YOUR FLAG: ILLUMINATING PATHS TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ ENGAGEMENT IN MATHEMATICS

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of Raise Your Flag intervention to enhance students’ engagement in mathematics. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores of the students. Pre-experimental research design was utilized in this study to measure the effect of the intervention. The data were gathered in 35 students from Grade 9 in Asuncion National High School who were selected through purposive sampling. Data gathering was done through Pretest and Post-test Administration. Findings revealed a substantial difference in the scores before with the mean percentage score of 4.05 (High) and after the intervention in enhancing students’ engagement in mathematics with the mean percentage score of 4.43 (Very High). Results also revealed that there is a significant improvement in the students’ scores from the pretest to the post-test, with the post-test mean percentage scores that has descriptive level of very high which interpreted as very satisfactory. This substantial difference suggests a strong effect of the treatment to enhance students’ engagement in mathematics, it indicates a highly significant and positive impact of the intervention or treatment on the students’ performance engagement in mathematics. KEYWORDS: Intervention, Enhance Students’ Engagement in Mathematics, Raise Your Flag

The Efficiency of a Video-Assisted Instructional Module in Enhancing Staff Nurses' Understanding of Surgical Foot Surgery Practice

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Video-Assisted Teaching Module (VATM) in enhancing knowledge on the practice of surgical fomentation for patients with diabetic foot among staff nurses at Vinayaka Mission Kirupananda Variyar Medical College Hospital, Salem. The objectives included assessing pre-existing knowledge, evaluating VATM’s effectiveness, and analysing demographic variables' impact. A pre-experimental research design was employed, with 48 staff nurses selected using purposive sampling. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire before and after the VATM intervention. The pre-test mean score was 12.73 (42%), and the post-test mean score increased to 19.19 (64%), demonstrating the VATM’s effectiveness with a 22% improvement. The highest effectiveness (26%) was in the "surgical fomentation" domain, while the "articles required" domain showed the lowest effectiveness (17%). Data analysis revealed significant improvement in knowledge post-intervention, with no significant association between knowledge scores and demographic variables such as age, gender, or educational background. The study concludes that VATM is an effective tool for improving nurses' knowledge on surgical fomentation, supporting better care for diabetic foot patients. The results emphasize the need for ongoing educational interventions to enhance nursing practices.

Effects of Nurse-Led Intervention for Mother-Infant Dyads on Breastfeeding, Infant Health Outcomes.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nurse-led interventions in enhancing breastfeeding women's knowledge and practices and in preventing diarrhea among their infants. The study was conducted in rural areas of Haryana, India, and used the survey design and pre-experimental research design in Phase I and Phase II, respectively. Mothers who had recently delivered a baby were identified using the birth register at the panchayat office, and 200 mothers who met the inclusion criteria were chosen using purposive sampling technique. The data were collected by interview approach using the knowledge questionnaire on breastfeeding, observational checklist on practice of breastfeeding, diarrhea assessment tool, and the duration of data collection was between May to August 2022. In Phase I, exclusive and non-exclusive breastfeeding mothers were surveyed regarding the occurrence of diarrhea among infants. In Phase II, non-exclusive breastfeeding mothers' knowledge and practice were assessed, and then nurseled intervention on breastfeeding was administrated and on 30th, 60th, and 90th days, post-test was done. The study's findings demonstrate that the knowledge and practice scores varied significantly across different tests, from pre-test 1 (6.73 ± 1.94) to post-test 3 (16.19 ± 3.04), (F=294.11, p < .000) for knowledge, and for practice pre-test 1 (23.41 ± 8.90) to post-test 3 (101.81 ± 22.4), (F=535.98, p < .000) in the intervention group. Further, in the intervention group, there was decrease in diarrhea occurrence among various observations (Q=60.609, p < .000). The nurse-led intervention of breastfeeding is an effective teaching technique to improve the knowledge and practice of mothers, as well as it helps to reduce the occurrence of diarrhea among infants, there by it can contribute to reducing the infant mortality rate.

Enhancing English Grammar Skills of Grade 9 Students Through the Use of an English Grammar Application

This study aimed to enhance the English grammar skills of Grade 9 students at Presbitero National High School, Pigcawayan, Cotabato, Philippines through the use of the LearnEnglish Grammar application. A quantitative pre-experimental research design was employed, involving 20 students who exhibited difficulties in English grammar. Over a two-week intervention period, students used the application to improve their skills. The results revealed a significant improvement in students' grammar, as evidenced by the difference between their pre-test and post-test scores. The most common grammatical challenges involved constructing basic sentences, using verbs, and identifying modals. Overall, the study highlights the effectiveness of technology-based interventions in improving English grammar skills among secondary school students. Future research could benefit from a more detailed examination of the application's features, the implementation process, and a discussion of potential limitations and broader implications.

A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF AWARENESS PROGRAM TOWARDS REDUCING STIGMA REGARDING MENTAL ILLNESS AMONG ASHA WORKERS AT SELECTED PHC OF SEPAHIJALA, TRIPURA

A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of awareness program towards reducing stigma regarding mental illness among ASHA workers at selected PHC of Sepahijala, Tripura. A quantitative Pre-experimental research design was adopted by the researcher for conducting the study, and the Roys adaptation model was used as the framework. Data was collected from 30 ASHA workers after taking informed consent who were selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique through a self-structured stigma assessment scale. Obtained data was complied and analyzed according to objectives using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t test and chi square test. The findings of the study revealed that mean post test stigma score of ASHA workers were significantly higher than the mean pretest stigma score, which was significant at &lt;0.05 level after exposure with awareness program. Therefore the awareness program was an effective method of imparting knowledge to ASHA workers.

The Effect of Word Square Learning Model on Elementary School Students' IPAS Learning Outcomes

This study aims to determine the effect of word square learning model on IPAS learning outcomes of fifth grade elementary school students of Lemahduhur II State Elementary School. This research is a type of quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design with a one group pretest-posttest model. The population used in this study were all students at SD Negeri Lemahduhur II as many as 194 students. The sample taken consisted of 25 students. The technique of collecting research data with Purposive Sampling. Technical data analysis to test the hypothesis was carried out by calculating descriptive and inferential statistics. The data was obtained from the pretest posttest results. The results of hypothesis testing, there is a significant difference between pretest and posttest. This is obtained by the sig value. (2-tailed) for the test is 0.000 &lt;0.05 then H0 is rejected. So with this hypothesis test shows that there is a positive and significant influence between the word square learning models on the learning outcomes of IPAS elementary school students.