Pramukhswami Medical College Research Articles

BLOOD PRESSURE REACTIVITY AFTER ISOMETRIC HANDGRIP TEST IN HYPERTENSIVE INDIAN ADULTS

Objective:The present study was undertaken to check blood pressure reactivity after isometric handgrip test in normotensive and hypertensive Indian adultsDesign and method:Participants for the study were recruited from employees of Pramukhswami Medical College and its affiliated institutes after app

Introduction of Group Discussion as a Teaching—Learning Method in Dissection Hall for the First MBBS Students

Abstract Background Human cadaveric dissection is considered as a core teaching tool and plays a major role in active learning process of students. However, students’ active participation and self-directed learning in dissection hall has declined over the period of time. Group discussion in dissection hall allows students to participate actively, engage in cooperative interaction, communicate effectively, and utilize self-directed learning. Therefore, group discussion has been introduced and assessed as a teaching-learning method in dissection with the aim of improving participation, learning, and communication skill of students in dissection hall. Methods This study was conducted on 100 students of Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat, India, during the 2018–2019 academic year. Students were divided in 10 groups for dissection. Group discussion was introduced as a teaching-learning method and assessed during dissection. Data were collected through anonymous feedback and then statistically analyzed. Result There was significant increase in active participation of most students during dissection: 79% students rated this method as good or excellent; 51 to 74% students agreed that this method helped them in better understanding of subject, improving dissection skills and communication; and 68% students agreed that working in group is better as compared with traditional method of dissection. The Cronbach's alpha of feedback questionnaire was 0.816. Conclusion Students perceived that the group discussion during dissection not only helped in creating active participation and better understanding of subject but also helped improve learning, communication, and dissection skills.

A study of fixed-drug reactions at a rural-based tertiary care center, Gujarat

A study of fixed-drug reactions at a rural-based tertiary care center, Gujarat - IJCED- Print ISSN No: - 2581-4710 Online ISSN No:- 2581-4729 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/2581-4729.2019.0018, IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology-IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol

A clinico-epidemiological study of melasma

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Melasma is an acquired increased pigmentation of the skin, characterized by gray-brown symmetrical patches, mostly in the sun-exposed areas of the skin.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The proposed study is an epidemiological cross sectional study which was carried out in the department of dermatology in a teaching institute from October 2007 to September 2008 at Pramukh Swami Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat. A total of 60 patients were enrolled for the study over a period of one year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The main age group affected was 30-39 years i.e. 48.33% patients. 50 patients were females.18 patients had a positive family history of melasma. 12 patients had a positive history of using OC Pills. Malar region was the commonest affected area found in 52 patients followed by Centro-facial in 31 and least involvement was seen in forehead region in 24 patients. 20 patients reported association of occurrence of the lesions with pregnancy, 09 patients reported sunlight to be the offending agent.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Females were affected more commonly during their late third decade of life. Although we did not find the exact cause of melasma, we noticed that sun-exposure, pregnancy, and taking of oral contraceptive pills could precipitate or exacerbate the melasma.</p>

Pretherapeutic Assessment by Multidetector Computed Tomography for Thyroid Cartilage Invasion in Laryngeal Cancer: A Double‑edged Sword

Abstract Introduction:Almost one-fourth of head and neck cancers in India are laryngeal cancers. Both conservative and surgical therapeutic approaches are available. According to present tumor-node-metastasis staging protocol, thyroid cartilage invasion is a crucial criterion for diagnosing advanced stages of the disease. A major cartilage invasion depicts T4A stage of disease for which surgical treatment is required. Aims: The present study aims to evaluate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in evaluation thyroid cartilage invasion in T3 and T4 stage of laryngeal cancers. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective analysis done in the Department of Radiology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Anand, Gujarat, on 22 patients of T3 and T4 stage of laryngeal cancer who presented for pretherapeutic MDCT neck evaluation. The MDCT results were retrospectively reviewed and compared with postoperative histopathological results. Statistical analysis was done for each parameter as positive predictive value (PPV) (main statistical parameter), negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: MDCT showed a PPV of 60.00% in detecting any type of thyroid cartilage invasion, 66.66% for major and 33.33% for minor cartilage invasion. Extralaryngeal spread of disease was the most specific marker for cartilage involvement. In total, 31.8% of cases were downgraded in staging by pathology. Conclusion: Overestimation of thyroid cartilage invasion by MDCT is a reality which should be in mind before making final therapeutic decisions. Although crucial, it should not be the sole criteria preventing while making a surgical versus conservative therapeutic call.

A clinical study on etiology, prognosis, outcome and role of endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleed in a tertiary care center

Upper gastrointestinal bleed is defined as bleeding proximal to the ligament of Treitz. The aim of this study was to know the cause of upper GI bleed, prognosis of the patients and role of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in the management of upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB). A study of 140 cases was carried out in the Shree Krishna Hospital and Pramukh Swami Medical College, Karamsad in India between January 2014 and June 2015. All patients were selected by the detailed history and physical examination. Patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of upper GI bleeding such as hematemesis, melena, blood in the nasogastric tubes, and profuse hematochezia were included in the study. Endoscopy was performed in all patients. Rockall scoring system was used to predict the mortality in patients with upper GI bleeding. We use descriptive statistics for analysis. It was found that upper GI bleed was more common in males than females, and was more prevalent in elderly individuals. The most common symptom was found to be hematemesis followed by abdominal pain. The most common cause was portal hypertension, which has a direct correlation with alcohol addiction. UGIE has both diagnostic as well as therapeutic role in UGIB. This study showed that upper GI bleeding was more common in male patients with the most common cause being portal hypertension. We observed that Mallory-Weiss tear had a particular association with NSAIDs. In our study, the Rockall scoring system was seen to predict the mortality in patients with upper GI bleeding. Endoscopy was both diagnostic and therapeutic and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL/Glue) was performed for esophageal and/fundic varices and adrenaline injection for peptic ulcer bleeding and Mallory-Weiss tear.Keywords: Upper GI bleeding; Endoscopy; Endoscopic variceal ligation; Mallory-Weiss tear

Assignment-based learning of essential medicine list concepts among undergraduate medical students

Background: The concepts of essential medicines and rational drug therapy are necessary to be understood undergraduate students. Aims and Objectives: (i) To make the second MBBS students aware regarding essential medicine lists (EMLs) through “student assignment.” (ii) To find out differences between 18th and 19th World Health Organization EMLs. Materials and Methods: The assignment-based activity was conducted in pharmacology theory lectures of the fifth semester MBBS batch at Pramukhswami Medical College, Gujarat. A total of 98 undergraduate and four postgraduate students participated in the activity. Students were divided into 19 groups and assigned different categories of EMLs. All the groups were asked to study the assigned categories and prepare the information regarding the 18th and 19th EMLs for presentation in the next session. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Of 19 groups, four groups submitted the answers through WhatsApp on the same day of assignment. However, only one among the four groups submitted complete and correct answers. Among all groups, presentation of five groups was either incomplete or incorrect. There are total 30 categories in both 18th and 19th EMLs. There are total 409 drugs including 27 fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) in the 19th EML as compared to 377 drugs including 24 FDCs in the 18th EML. However, three new subcategories were added in the 19th EML. Conclusion: This EML-based activity needs to be implemented and repeatedly practiced for the undergraduate MBBS students to make them understand P-drug concept, rational use of medicines now during the student life and also in future during their professional life.

ANAEMIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT NEPHROPATHY IN ANAND-GUJARAT –INDIA.

15Jun 2017 ANAEMIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT NEPHROPATHY IN ANAND-GUJARAT INDIA. Abdulrahman Hefdhallah Amer and N. Haridas Ph.D. Research Scholar, Medical Lab. Technology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad. Sardar Patel University, V. V. Nagar Anand, Gujarat, India Pin Code- 388325. Dr. N. Haridas (Ph.D. Guide), Professor, Biochemistry Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad Anand, Gujarat, Pin Code: 388325.

ABC of Research: experience of Indian medical undergraduates.

Medical EducationVolume 49, Issue 5 p. 523-524 Really Good Stuff ABC of Research: experience of Indian medical undergraduates Wasim Shaikh, Corresponding Author Wasim Shaikh Correspondence: Wasim Shaikh, Department of Physiology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Gokalnagar, Karamsad, Gujarat 388325, India. Tel: 00 91 9328 204923; E-mail: drwasimsh@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorMinal Patel, Minal PatelSearch for more papers by this authorHasmukh Shah, Hasmukh ShahSearch for more papers by this authorSushilkumar Singh, Sushilkumar SinghSearch for more papers by this author Wasim Shaikh, Corresponding Author Wasim Shaikh Correspondence: Wasim Shaikh, Department of Physiology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Gokalnagar, Karamsad, Gujarat 388325, India. Tel: 00 91 9328 204923; E-mail: drwasimsh@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorMinal Patel, Minal PatelSearch for more papers by this authorHasmukh Shah, Hasmukh ShahSearch for more papers by this authorSushilkumar Singh, Sushilkumar SinghSearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 April 2015 https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12714Citations: 2Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume49, Issue5May 2015Pages 523-524 RelatedInformation

Structure of Clavicle In Relation to Weight Transmission.

It is a known fact that weight of upper limb is transmitted to the axial skeleton through clavicle. The present study is an attempt to correlate pattern of compact and trabecular bone of clavicle as a weight transmitting bone. Sixty clavicles were studied from right and left sides of 30 cadavers donated to the Anatomy department, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, India. The study was focused on the thickness of compact bone of clavicle and trabecular pattern of this bone. Cancellous bone: Cancellous bone near both ends of clavicle presented meshwork of thin bony plates. Between the conoid tubercle and area for attachment of costo-clavicular ligament, cancellous bone showed a definite pattern. The compact bone was thicker between conoid tubercle and area for attachment of costo-clavicular ligament. At midshaft point thickness of compact bone was maximum. The structure of clavicle between conoid tubercle and area for costoclavicular ligament showed thick compact bone and definite pattern of cancellous bone. This structure of clavicle between conoid tubercle and area for attachment of costo-clavicular ligament transmits weight from lateral to medial direction and this knowledge of clavicular structure will also be useful to orthopedic surgeons to deal with clavicular fractures and other abnormalities.

“Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding: Association with Bilateral Tubal Ligation”

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most frequent gynecological problems. DUB can occur at any time between menarche and menopause in ovulatory or anovulatory cycles. An increase risk of developing menstrual abnormalities following tubal ligation has been a subject of debate for decades. Aims: To find an association between Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) and prior Bilateral tubal ligation (BTL). Material and Methods: Cross sectional study done at Pramukh Swami Medical College, Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad from December 2011 to December 2012. 150 patients between the ages of 30 to 50 with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) were studied. Exclusion criteria included intrauterine device (IUD), evidence of pregnancy, leiomyoma or ovarian pathology on sonography, uterine size of greater than 10 cm, medical disorders and hormonal therapy. All patients were worked up for underlying cause of AUB, assessed for BTL and divided in two groups. Group A of 80 patients with previous history of BTL and Group B of 70 patients had without previous history of BTL. Statistical test used: Percentage, Chi-square test Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS (Statistical package for the Social Sciences v15.0) and Microsoft Excel 2007 software. Results: In group A, 67 patients (83.7%) had DUB as compared to 26 (37.1%) in group B and this difference is statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion: In women undergoing diagnostic work up for AUB the likelihood of DUB being the underlying cause is greater if they have prior BTL.

The external quality assessment scheme in Haematology: Ten years experience as a participating laboratory

Background: The attainment of quality services in a laboratory requires a comprehensive Quality Assurance Programme which includes both Internal and External quality control material. External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS) programmes are accepted around the world as invaluable tools by laboratories to assess the performance of their testing systems. Results are objectively compared to other laboratories, using the same methodologies for every parameter. Aim: The goal of this study was to review EQAS results from time to time in an effort to improve the performance of the laboratory. Settings and Design: Observational study done at Pramukhswami Medical College, Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad from January 2003 to December 2013. Material and Methods: In the current study we have evaluated our EQAS test result of the past ten years, from 2003 to 2013. We receive one EDTA whole blood sample for blood cell counts and 2 slides for peripheral smear examination and reticulocyte count respectively. It is received quaterly in a year. The test results of all blood samples and peripheral smears for cell morphology and reticulocyte count were analyzed and documented. Results: Satisfactory results were obtained in all the cycles except two times. Discrepancy was observed in white blood cell (WBC) counts. Root cause analysis was performed and necessary action taken. Conclusions: This participation in EQAS over the last ten years has helped us significantly to improve our laboratory services in terms of performance evaluation, patient care and overall quality of laboratory practices.

In House Drug Information Library Services:An Experience

Concern about the knowledge on awareness of warnings and adverse effects regarding drugs is a must and essential for a safe health care practice. Drug alert activity aims to ensure that the future health care professionals are more vigilant to prescribe drugs keeping the respective cautions in the mind. The paper presents the details about novel services started at Pramukhswami Medical College (PSMC), India.

Use of the Internet among Health Care Professionals in a Rural Medical College in India

A study was conducted at Pramukhswami Medical College and Shree Krishna Hospital in Karamsad, Gujarat, India, from June 2007 to August 2007 to assess computer and Internet knowledge and usage among affiliated health care professionals in order to understand their information-seeking behavior. Search habits of Internet users at Pramukhswami Medical College and Shree Krishna Hospital were identified via a questionnaire. Results showed that all respondents used the Internet frequently for various purposes: accessing online journals, downloading text, chatting, participating in discussions, managing e-mail, and finding related references. It was determined that the professionals received quality information through the Internet and that Google and Yahoo! search engines were more widely used compared to other search engines. The study revealed high computer usage among health care professionals at institutions with good computer facilities. The majority expressed their willingness to undergo further training.

Combination of didactic lectures and case-oriented problem-solving tutorials toward better learning: perceptions of students from a conventional medical curriculum

The Department of Physiology of Pramukhswami Medical College at Anand, Gujarat, India, started using problem-based learning in a modified way along with didactic lectures to improve students' understanding and motivate them toward self-directed study. After the didactic lectures were taken for a particular system, clearly defined short clinical problems related to that system were given to the students in the tutorial classes. Each tutor was assigned three to four groups of five to six students each. Problems were accompanied with relevant questions so as to streamline the thought processes of the first-year undergraduates. The tutor then facilitated the study process, and the students discussed among themselves to derive their solutions. At the end of the sessions, feedback was taken from the students through a planned questionnaire on a three-point scale. Of a total of 278 students over a span of 3 yr from 1999 to 2002, 74.4% of students favored a judicious mixture of didactic lectures and case-oriented problem solving in tutorial classes to be an efficient modality in understanding a system under study, and 84% of students stated the mixture of didactic lectures and case-oriented problem solving to be beneficial in relating a clinical condition to the basic mechanism; 82% of students believed that this module helped with better interactions among their batch mates, and 77.2% of students hoped to perform better in the university examination due to this new teaching/learning modality. They also expressed that this gave them ample motivation to do self-directed learning. It may therefore be concluded from the results of the present study that it is possible to have a problem-based learning module in the form of case-oriented problem-solving tutorials coexistent with the traditional didactic lecture module in the first year of medical education under a conventional curriculum.