Public Relations Practitioners Research Articles

How media diet, partisan frames, candidate traits, and political organization-public relationship communication drive party reputation

This study examined the ability of antecedents such as media diet and candidate traits to impact political organization-public relationships (POPRs), in turn affecting views on party reputation. As expected, survey respondents reported greater levels of relationship-focused communication and higher reputation assessments of their own parties, additionally rating their party’s candidate higher in authenticity and character. Connecting media diet and reputation, heavier use of partisan, traditional media (e.g., talk radio and cable news) indicated increased partisan divides, suggesting young and often inexperienced voters engage in motivated reasoning, seeking out information from sources that cater to their existing ideologies. This pattern was less pronounced for infotainment and social media sources, suggesting promising agenda-building opportunities for political PR practitioners. SEM analyses demonstrated the significant influence of candidate traits and POPR on party reputation, though manifestations of effects differed among Democrats and Republicans, the implications of which are discussed.

Public relations ethics in information management

Public relations is involved in all communication between an organization and the pu-blic. In the contemporary world, PR practitioners have become the facilitators of information. Information and communication technology (ICT) have imposed new rules in the fi eld of public relations. Communication strategy and information management have become crucial parts of modern public relations. People change their habits with regard to the consumption of traditional and new media. The challenges imposed by the development of information and communication technology are also related to understanding the new information so-ciety. For that reason information ethics deals with the ethical implications of dissemination, use, development and safety of information. Public relations follow new information and communication trends, and they need to build fi rm ethical principles for the age of informa-tion. The author examines the ethical implications of the framing concept in public relations.

The Public and Public Relations: Examining their nexus in environmental pollution, laws, and policies of government

Goals 6, 13, 14, and 15 of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) share global concerns of making the earth cleaner for human habitation. In Nigeria, pollution thrives despite the government’s laws and policies. In the country, opinions on public issues are strong, and public relations (PR) professionals are perceived moulders of societal viewpoints. This study examines the connection between public awareness and PR actions on the sociological problems of environmental pollution, laws, and government policies in an industrial cum residential community in Southwest Nigeria. Based on the Environmental Communication Theory, which espouses nature-human environmental connectivity, this study adopts a quantitative, non-experimental, and descriptive methodology. Probability and non-probability sampling design and multi-stage techniques are applied to select 400 residents of Ota community. Scientific Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) is used to process 358 successful copies of the questionnaire. Results show that public awareness of environmental pollution is high; but low on its laws and policies. The contributions of public relations practitioners are acknowledged, but the government’s actions are unfamiliar. Meagre public concern for environmental laws and policies and weak motivation by PR practitioners and the government threaten the achievement of identified SDGs of the UN at the study’s location.

Public Relations Activities of State Universities Based on Excellence Theory

This study aims to describe how the public relations activities of state universities in carrying out their functions. The standard of activity is based on the Theory of Excellence. The quality of public relations activities is very important related to the era of public information openness which requires universities to conduct public services well as part of good governance. Theory of Excellence is the most dominating theory of public relations studies in the world as a normative standard for good public relations practice. This study uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 59 public relations practitioners of state universities. The research also interviews three practitioners to detail data from questionnaires. This research results in finding that the principles of Excellence Theory have begun to be adopted by public relations practitioners. Symmetrical two-way communication strategies have also been found although there is still more focus on the external public. Other findings, PR activities have been included as part of management activities and dominant coalition in state universities. This research is expected to contribute to the development of public relations studies in the Indonesian context.

Research Strategies and Media Relations in Public Relations Practices

This study aims to describe the strategies of private and government public relations practitioners in research and media relations. Some literature states that the practice of public relations begins and ends with research and media relations is crucial to the success of the practice of public relations. In this era of openness, the quality of research and media relations is increasingly demanding high attention. The researcher formulated the assumption that public and private PR have conducted research as the basis of their activities and media relations has been carried out on the principle of information disclosure. This study uses a qualitative method by conducting interviews with 32 public relations practitioners in East Java, and comes from universities, state-owned enterprises, and private companies. The results of this research are in the form of a proposition that practitioners have not given the focus of conducting research related to the quality of media relations, public relations universities have a tendency to make mass media as the main target while practitioners from private companies or state-owned enterprises tend to place leaders as the main public, and public relations practitioners tend to aim at reducing negative coverage as a media relations strategy rather than building long-term relationships. This research has contributed to the study of public relations in the Indonesian context related to the quality of research and media relations conducted by public relations practitioners.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC RELATIONS ACTIVITIES IN THE EGYPTIAN HOTELS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

In the light of the increasing international interest of public relations (PR) in the hospitality industry, this research was conducted with the aim of studying the effectiveness of public relations department in the Egyptian hotels. For this purpose, an empirical study has been conducted on a sample of five-star and four-star hotel employees at Greater Cairo to identify the activities and the tools used by this department. The study also assessed the effectiveness of these activities and the importance of these tools. This study employed in-depth interviews with PR practitioners at hotels as the data collection instrument. Twenty two interviews were conducted with a convenience sample from the five and four-star hotels in Greater Cairo. The findings of the study showed that public relations departments at the Egyptian hotels are very effective in forming the hotels' image, reputation and competitive advantages.

20세기 초 미국 언론에 비춰진 PR실무자의 역할과 이미지: 원칙선언문 발표 전후 비교를 중심으로

20세기 초 미국 언론에 비춰진 PR실무자의 역할과 이미지: 원칙선언문 발표 전후 비교를 중심으로

THE INFLUENCE OF CORE SELF EVALUATIONS ON THE WORK MOTIVATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS PRACTITIONERS IN HOTEL BUSINESS COMPETITION IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA

Abstract— In this globalization era, hospitality or hotelier investment opportunities are growing rapidly, but not without a formidable competition, which is why these growing opportunities and threats have to be recognised by the people in this industry. One of the most important strategy in facing the global era business competition is to convince the costumer that the hotel they are chosing is better and has more benefits than the rest of the competition. Convincing the customer means building a relation through positive perception, positive image and positive experiences to finally gain their trusts. This is where a highly motivated Public Relations is needed as the frontline of the company. Judge, Erez & Bono (1998) stated that self esteem, self efficacy and the locust of control are the three core-self evaluation that form the basic for building individual work motivation.The purpose of this study is to see the influences of these three core-self evaluation on the work motivation of Public Relations in facing the hotel business competition. When analyzing the influences of these three variables on the work motivation of a Public Relations, the researcher uses the cybernetic tradition approach. Through this approach the researcher then uses the Expectancy Value Theory in analyzing the influences of self esteem, self efficacy, and the locus of control on the work motivation.The sample of this research is the Public Relations practitioner of Santika Indonesia Hotel and Resort. This research uses the path analysis technique. The SPSS calculation shows that the three variables bring positive influences towards the work motivation with the self efficacy line coefficient value of 0.322, self efficacy 0.340, and the locus of control with 0.346.These results show that the more positive the self esteem, self efficacy and the locus of control value of a Public Relations, the higher the work motivation of the Public Relations of Santika Hotel and Resort in facing the business competition in this global era.

Towards a theoretical framework of intercultural communication ethics in the Arab Gulf culture The perspectives of global public relations practitioners in Bahrain

This research investigates the perspectives of global public relations practitioners in the governmental sector in Bahrain. Sixteen qualitative interviews were conducted to provide in-depth theoretical understanding of the intercultural communication ethics in the Arab Gulf. The researcher used the theoretical framework of Hofstede (1984; 1994) to analyze the data. The research reveals that an Arab framework of intercultural communication ethics should address the society’s dilemma between modernization and Arabic/Islamic traditional values. The research provides a proposed framework that consists of “revealed” and “avoided” processes of communication. This framework is based on Arabic relational values of openness, awareness of diversity, power hierarchy, loyalty to collective culture, motivation to achieve individual goals, respect to woman and motivation to develop uncertainty-avoidance strategies.

MENGGAGAS KERANGKA KERJA MANAJEMEN HUMAS DALAM TINJAUAN AKSIOLOGI PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN

This research presents a public relations management framework in axiology review in educational institutions, where the framework has an important role in building and enhancing cooperation between schools and stake holders, guardians of students, government and other institutions to meet the needs of the institution. This research uses a qualitative with library research. The results showed that the implementation of public relations management functions, such as planning, organizing, actuating, and evaluating will be achieved when accompanied by optimal performance of public relations practitioners. But it is not enough on the performance of an individual, public relations management in axiology review applied in schools must apply the code of conduct, the code of profession, the code of publication, the code of enterprise. To be able to implement this, it is expected that professionals in the public relations field have the ability qualifications, namely; ethical sensibility, ethical reasoning, ethical conduct, and ethical leadership.

“Comments are disabled for this video”: A technological affordances approach to understanding source credibility assessment of CSR information on YouTube

Scarce research has focused on the technological aspects of social media in CSR communication. Many public relations practitioners are reluctant to interact online although social media platforms such as YouTube provide two-way communication interface. Using the MAIN model, this study explored how bandwagon cues (more likes/dislikes) and interaction cues (enable/disable commenting) influence the perceived source credibility assessment (trustworthiness, goodwill, and competence) of CSR information on YouTube. Through a 2 × 2 factorial experiment (N = 204), no interaction effects were found in general; but a main effect of the enabling comment interface existed toward the perceived trustworthiness of the company regardless of likes/dislikes received on the CSR video, which further leads to individual’s attitudes toward the company’s CSR efforts. The finding paves a way for an explanation of the effectiveness of enabling the commenting function of using YouTube to enhance CSR communication.

Exploring strategic public relations management in China: current state and challenges

ABSTRACTApplying four generic principles that are most relevant to strategic public relations management, this study examines the extent to which public relations is strategically managed in China. Public relations practitioners from four types of organizations participated an online survey (N = 92) and an interview (N = 20). It was found that public relations mainly contributes to routine operations rather than strategic policy-making. While typically given a direct reporting line with top management, public relations departments are not trusted to handle government relations and are considered inferior to the marketing department. Practitioners in the survey indicated the use of all four models to various degree in their organizations, despite that interviews revealed the difficulty to implement symmetrical communication model as compared to the other three models. In addition, practitioners were more proficient in fulfilling technician roles than managerial roles.

Embracing Indeterminacy: On Being a Liminal Professional

AbstractThe rise of the corporate profession has contributed to a more varied and ambiguous professional terrain that is increasingly seen to be indeterminate and fluid. This paper advances the current debate around the development of corporate professions, exploring how practitioners respond to this environment. Drawing on research with public relations practitioners, the paper shows how the idea of being a liminar facilitates the formation of a professional identity in conditions of high indeterminacy. In taking an individual level of analysis of professions, the paper suggests that indeterminacy is a more resonant feature for corporate professionals than previously suggested in the research, but that this indeterminacy is navigated in professional identity construction through ‘being a liminar’, and thus greater nuance may need to be recognized in the conceptualization of both corporate professions and corporate professionalization. It also demonstrates the use of liminality as a discursive resource in identity construction and with it, challenges the common association of liminality with self‐doubt and existential anxiety. In turn, the paper considers the implications of the liminal professional identity for the future of contemporary professions, and for understanding the liminal experience.

Perception of Public Relations Majors and Non-Public Relations Majors on Public Relations Studies and The Industry

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions held by public relations majors and non-majors on public relations studies and the industry in Korea. Methods This study used content analysis and in-depth interview methods. Results Focus group interviews with 37 participants revealed that PR majors perceived PR to be the same as advertising and promotion prior to taking PR courses, but after taking PR courses, they found it to be a more comprehensive and valuable discipline, albeit rigid. Regarding the industry, PR majors perceived it as too meticulous, allowing no room for mistakes yet providing a work environment conducive to child-rearing, and having a low success-ceiling. They were also found to perceive the industry to be ethically challenging with an unequal power dynamic between practitioners and journalists. Finally, the majors were found to perceive PR practitioners as having PR pride. For the non-majors, the findings show that they perceived PR to be about promotion and that people aiming to pursue it as a career need creativity; furthermore, they were found to perceive the PR industry to be manipulative, narrow, and never in power (PR practitioners). The findings of in-depth interviews elucidate the ways in which PR majors and potential majors perceive public relations in Korea. In terms of a content analysis of 35 universities with public relations programs, the findings show that the programs’ average ratio of PR to advertising courses is 1:1.6. Conclusions The study offers ways to strengthen PR programs and suggests ways to change the negative perception of PR to a more positive one to better communicate PR to larger constituents.

Pengaruh Personal Branding Sandiaga Uno Terhadap Minat Pemilih Perempuan Pada Pilpres 2019

Sandiaga Uno has been known as a young entrepreneur, and has the competence to maximize small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), and increase the participation of Jakarta citizens to build the Capital, by creating jobs. After being elected as the Deputy Governor of DKI Jakarta, Sandiaga Uno increasingly intensively in building his personal branding . The purpose of this study was to determine how much interest women voters have towards the personal branding strategy undertaken by Sandiaga Uno. To be able to lead Indonesia in 2019, Sandiaga Uno needs a strategy developed by Political public relations practitioners. The concept used in this study revolves around personal branding with three main elements in building good personal branding and aspects of interest that are complemented by the concepts of political marketing and political public relations. The approach used in this research is quantitative with a positivist paradigm. While the method used is a survey method in the form of a questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents who are women voters in the Greater Jakarta electoral district. The results of the study show that the influence of Sandiaga Uno's personal branding as a Vice-Presidential candidate on the interests of female voters by 53% can be categorized as strong.

Measurement and predictors of resilience among Latin American public relations professionals

PurposeIt is well established that greater resilience buffers the negative effects of adverse events and conditions, allowing the affected individual to recover adequately. Resilience is a core trait for public relations practitioners, due to the challenging and pressure-laden nature of their work. However, as an individual-level trait, this phenomenon remains underexplored in the communication field. The purpose of this paper is to examine the dimensionality and measurement invariance of the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor and Davidson, 2003), evaluate the level of resilience and identify predictors of resilience among Latin American public relations practitioners.Design/methodology/approachA population of 898 public relations professionals from 18 Latin American countries working on different hierarchical levels, both in communication departments and agencies across the region were surveyed.FindingsCD-RISC global scorings show direct correlations with age, years of experience, type of organization, hierarchy and social media skills. However, education, salary, gender or working in an excellent, successful and influential communication department were not predictors of resilience. Additionally, results provide supporting evidence that the CD-RISC has good psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid tool to assess resilience among Latin American public relations practitioners.Research limitations/implicationsAs in any study using self-report measures, the results may have been influenced by participants’ acquiescence and need for social desirability. Greater participation is needed from some countries to allow for a more comprehensive comparative analysis.Practical implicationsIdentifying factors that protect against negative outcomes is important for the development of strengths-based approaches that emphasize resilience. Moreover, in predicting the ability to tolerate stress and its negative effects, this study may help in the selection of personnel who will manage tougher job demands.Originality/valueResearch on the concept of resilience has gained substantial momentum over the past decades and has become a multidisciplinary field of research spanning a variety of theoretical and conceptual positions. However, practitioner resilience has not formally addressed in the public relations research, with the sole exception of the qualitative research conducted by Guo and Anderson in 2018 using a critical incident technique approach. This field provides an intriguing context to study resilience because practitioners are regularly engaged in work that may require the ability to “bounce back” from challenging work.

Profile of public relations practitioners in Poland: Research results

The article is a summary of three quantitative research projects carried out in the years 2017–2018 taking into account a set of analogous questions. Their collective aggregation allows the attempt to present the profile of a Polish PR specialist with the indication of the main activities undertaken while performing daily professional duties. The research has shown that media relations and e-PR play a key role in everyday professional work. Nevertheless, a PR specialist in Poland has to deal with many task areas, which are often related to the dynamic development of new technologies, such as relations with influencers. In the analyses, the key diagnostic element was the measurement of professional experience and information regarding employment aspects. Respondents constituted both specialists working in PR agencies as well as in other domestic companies and institutions. The article contains a list of activities presented in statistical terms that are related to work in the PR industry.

PR Writing Learning Package Flipbook as an Instructional Media

Ideally, a public relations practitioner should master the techniques of writing and know the PR script forms because it is very helpful in daily Public relations activities. PR writing learning is learning that operates on the ability of writing mainly on PR with a goal after studying script writing techniques of public relation, the student can produce media kit in the form of PR script that can be used as tools in the exercise of his profession. This research aims to look at the use of PR writing learning package flipbook as an instructional media. This research used quantitative approach with data analysis using descriptive statistics. Learning outcomes of the students using PR Writing learning package flipbook as an instructional media increases as much as 94% compared to students who did not use the flipbook PR writing as much as 54%. The existence of optimal learning outcomes, then it can be said that the use of PR writing learning package Flipbook as an Instructional media can make the students get effective and efficient learning resource more easily.

Social Responsibility and Loyalty in Public Relations Codes

Abstract Background: It is believed that social responsibility, the value that is strongly involved in the contemporary corporate behaviour, has also become the core value for public relations practitioners and their associations. However, there are ethical doubts concerning the question to whom a PR practitioner is actually responsible (or loyal) in the first place: to the client, the employer, the public, or society in general? Objectives: This research aims to describe how social responsibility is articulated in the documents that can be considered as the crown of public relations ethics – the codes of ethics – and additionally, how the value of loyalty corresponds to the value of social responsibility. Methods/Approach: The research is based on the content analyses of 13 codes of ethics that are delivered by 18 public relations associations at the international and the national level in the USA and the European Union. Results: Although the phrase “social responsibility” is not mentioned in codes directly, the value of social responsibility is present in very diverse ways. When the value of loyalty came into the correlation with social responsibility, the research has shown that these values exist as a separate principle. Conclusions: The public relations are a profession that tends to be socially responsible and tends to show that loyalty to clients and organizations is subordinated to public and social responsibility. Thus, the codes show that contemporary public relations, at least at the normative level, approach the two-way symmetric model and mostly promote “idealistic social role” of public relations.

경찰 PR 실무자와 기자의 언론관계성 비교

경찰 PR 실무자와 기자의 언론관계성 비교