Practicing Sports Activities Research Articles

"Analysis regarding Physical Activity and Health Among Romanian Students from University of Oradea"

"Introduction: Health is a whole consisting of physical, mental and last but not least social well-being. In this work, we proposed to analyze the frequency of participation of students from the University of Oradea in physical activities during their free time. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey by distributing a questionnaire, consisting of 11 questions, to 195 students from the University of Oradea, from different specializations, aged between 18-30 years. Results: Regarding the frequency of practicing physical activities among students based the data obtained after the distribution of the survey, we concluded the following: 60% of the students from the University of Oradea consider themselves to be active people in their everyday life, 32% of them consider that they lead a sedentary life. 81% of Romanian students believe that physical activity is important, while 8% believe that physical activity is not important; 55% of students prefer other activities than sports, and only 35% prefer sports; there are differences between the frequency of participation in physical activities according to the amount that is invested in this type of activity. Conclusion: We can say that as the amount invested increases, the frequency of practicing sports activities is higher."

Federated or Non-Federated Sports: The Influence on Children, the Youth Population and Family Life

Family time must be combined with the personal time of each of its members, with special importance regarding children due to the need for attention and monitoring by parents of their performance. Within the leisure of minors in the home, physical activity and sports are the most in-demand typologies, thus some of them participate in federated clubs, attending a more institutionalized or professional sport, while others develop in an environment based on entertainment. In this way, depending on the demand for these activities, it leads to a series of different consequences in the family environment. The main objective of this study is to establish whether or not children’s attendance at federated sports affects family dynamics. A total of 224 Spanish families with children from 6 to 18 years of age who practice sport activities participated and completed a questionnaire with 36 items about the family’s involvement in children’s sports. The results show that parents with children participating in federated sports have a more positive perception of their children’s sports practices; they provide greater support to their children regarding their performance and see this activity as an excellent opportunity for education in values. However, they do identify it as an obstacle to the development of family leisure practices, resulting in an element that conditions family reconciliation. In this way, there is a need to establish alliances between families and sports professionals, providing family participation bodies in sports clubs and providing a better conciliation time to accommodate family time.

Identifying the Level of Symmetrization of Reaction Time According to Manual Lateralization between Team Sports Athletes, Individual Sports Athletes, and Non-Athletes

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of practicing sports activities on manual skills, focused on reaction time depending on manual laterality. The objectives of the study were to identify the differences in improving simple, optional, and cognitive reaction times in the manual executions of student athletes who practice team sports involving the manual handling of the ball (volleyball, basketball, handball) in comparison with student athletes who practice individual sports and with non-athletic students; to identify the differences regarding the reaction time of the right- and left-handed executions depending on the manual lateralization of the subjects (right- and left-handedness) between the three experimental samples: team sports group (TSG), individual sports group (ISG), and the group of non-athletes (NAG) through the use of computer tests. The study included 335 subjects who were divided into three groups: TSG with 102 subjects, ISG with 112 subjects, and NAG with 121 subjects. The subjects of the study were given five computer tests to evaluate three types of reaction time: simple reaction time (Start/Stop Test), choice reaction time (Check Boxes Test, Hit-the-dot Test), and time of cognitive reaction (Trail making Test part A and B). The results were analyzed regarding right- and left-handedness, as well as the execution hand (right hand or left hand) in solving the tests. The results of the study highlighted significant statistical differences between the three groups: TSG, ISG, and NAG. The best results were recorded by TSG in all tests, and the lowest by NAG. Statistically significant differences were also recorded between the executions with the dominant hand compared to the executions with the non-dominant hand in relation to right- and left-handedness. The study highlighted that the smallest differences in all the study groups were recorded in the simple reaction time test, where the differences between the right-handed and left-handed executions were the lowest, reflecting the best level of symmetrization of the motor executions.

High return to sport rate in patients undergoing image-based robotic arm assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

This study was aimed to assess the return to sport (RTS) rate in patients who underwent CT-based robotic-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (RA-UKA) and to evaluate the clinical performance and the assocition between patients' sport activity levels and Patient Reported Outcome Measures after surgery. This retrospective study included 218 patients undergoing medial RA-UKA with fixed-bearing implants, performed at a single center between 2014 and 2019. Patients were allocated into two groups based on sport's practice and were administered the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scale, Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement (KOOS-JR) and the 5-Level Likert Scale. A total of 136 patients were included for assessment. The overall RTS rate after surgery was 93.1%. Six subjects who did not practice sport preoperatively, were able to start sport activities after surgery and all patients performing sports preoperatively, returned to same activity level. The mean UCLA and FJS-12 scores in the group of patients practicing sports were significantly higher than in the no-sport group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Patients who practiced sports were more likely to attain higher FJS-12 and UCLA scores than those who were not performing physical activity. Patients undergoing RA-UKA showed a 93.1% RTS rate after surgery. Differences were detected in terms of postoperative UCLA and FJS-12 scores between patients who performed and who did not practice sport activities after surgery. High levels of postoperative UCLA scores were associated with higher KOOS-JR and patients' satisfaction.

Social differences in the sports behaviour of the Swiss population across time

Changes in sports behaviour and activities over the last decades are often attributed to developments of individualisation and differentiation in society. Existing empirical studies confirm that sporting activity is increasingly differentiated, with the proportion of regular sport-active people growing, as well as access improving for those previously less well represented, for example, women and older people. However, more men than women and more younger than older people are active in sports clubs (Lamprecht et al., 2020). This lecture will consider the extent to which social differences and inequalities in sporting behaviour have decreased in the Swiss population over recent decades. The underlying processes of exit and entry, age, cohort, and period effects are also examined.&#x0D; Mayer’s life course approach (1990; 2009) is the theoretical and methodological framework for the investigation of change processes in contemporary history, where “social structures and their changes can be partially reconstructed from individual trajectories” (Mayer, 1990, p.8). Changes in modern sport can therefore be reconstructed through personal longitudinal data and its aggregation. In 2019, this study gathered the trajectories of sport and physical activities of a total of 1,456 people living in Switzerland aged 15 to 76 years using a retrospective telephone survey. For the time-historical analyses, age cohorts of those born 1943 to 1950, 1951 to 1960, through to those born 1981 to 1990 were constructed. Information on sporting activities over the life course from childhood to the present from the periods 1950s to 2010s was then chronologically classified.&#x0D; The analyses confirm existing research that shows older people practice sport activities in clubs less frequently. This negative age effect in club sport can be seen across all age cohorts and time periods (all p &lt; .001). Binary logistic regression analyses also indicate that this age effect is most pronounced, with an OR of 0.35, in the youngest age cohort born 1981 to 1990, whereas in the oldest cohort born 1943 to 1950, shows OR = 0.67. In recent decades, more child and adolescent girls have gained access to club sport, with a decline in the gender difference from approximately 22 percentage points in the 1950s/1960s to approximately 6 percentage points in the 2000s/2010s. A positive age effect can be observed in self-organised sporting activities. This is more pronounced in the younger age cohorts, OR = 2.72, than in the older, OR = 1.77.&#x0D; These historical analyses demonstrate that age differences in organisational forms of sport remain, but that gender differences in club sport have been minimised, particularly in childhood and adolescence. In addition, the effects have tended to become greater in recent years and changes in the forms of organisation tend to become more significant over time.&#x0D; References&#x0D; Lamprecht, M., Bürgi, R. &amp; Stamm, H. (2020). Sport Schweiz 2020. Sportaktivität und Sportinteresse der Schweizer Bevölkerung. Bundesamt für Sport BASPO.&#x0D; Mayer, K. U. (Ed.). (1990). Lebensverläufe und sozialer Wandel. Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 31[Special issue].&#x0D; Mayer, K. U. (2009). New directions in life course research. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 413–433. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134619

Sports activities and psychophysical health of deaf and hard of hearing people

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The participation of deaf and hard of hearing people in sports activities contributes to the improvement of the quality of life in all its domains, and compared to people with some other types of disabilities, deaf and hard of hearing people achieve higher scores in sports activities. Practicing sports activities improves physical health, mental state, degree of independence and social relationships. Sports activities have a positive effect on building and strengthening the self-esteem of individuals. Subjective experience and individual perception have a great influence on the quality of an individual&amp;amp;rsquo;s life, therefore, self-esteem is a very important factor that contributes to this. The aim of this paper is to review the literature from the period 2000&amp;amp;ndash;2021 on the impact of sports activities on the psychophysical health of deaf and hard of hearing people. The subject of interest was: to determine the role of sports activities in the quality of life of deaf and hard of hearing people, as well as how they affect their level of self-esteem. The following search engines were used for the literature search: Ebscohost, ScienceDirect, Wiley Inter Science and SpringerLink, KoBSON, Google Scholar. The results of the literature review showed that sports activities contributed to the preservation and development of the overall psychophysical health of deaf and hard of hearing people. Participation in sports activities, whether recreational or professional in nature, has proven to be a significant factor in raising the level of self-esteem, alleviating symptoms of anxiety and stress. Participation in sports activities leads to better social functioning among peers and building an inclusive society.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

University Media and Its Role in Spreading Sports Awareness Among Egyptian University Students

The media in its various forms is one of the most important means used in the upbringing of the individual, as it contributes to the formation of personal trends and convictions, through the dissemination of news, programs and dialogues that link the individual to the concerns and issues of his society, as the role of the media extends to the cultural and civilized dimension because of its association with the concept of identity and the concept of self and linking the individual to his culture. It acts as a guide to correct social practices and values. The media is considered a double-edged sword, as it can be a tool that helps the individual to form positive and integrated personal elements from the psychological, social and national aspects if it is used properly, and it may be the exact opposite of that to become a tool that poses a great threat to national identity and culture. And university media and its clear role in spreading sports awareness among Egyptian university students. This research paper also presents a number of suggestions and recommendations for spreading awareness of the importance of practicing sports activities among Egyptian university students.

Parents' reasons to vaccinate their children aged 5-11 years against COVID-19 in Italy.

ObjectivesThe aims of this cross-sectional study were to investigate why parents decide to vaccinate, as well as the determinants, their children aged 5–11 years against COVID-19 in Italy.MethodsThe survey was conducted from January through May 2022. All parents/guardians who came in randomly selected days to immunization centers for the administration of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine to their child were asked to complete a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes toward COVID-19 infection and vaccination, reason(s) regarding their decision to vaccinate their child, and source(s) of information.ResultsA total of 358 questionnaires were collected. Parent's perception that COVID-19 is a severe illness for the child, assessed using a 10-point Likert scale, was 7.5. The overall mean scores of the risk perception for their child of having the COVID-19 before and after the vaccination were 8.1 and 6.3. A significantly higher parents' level of risk perception for their child of having the COVID-19 after the vaccination has been observed among those not having a university degree, those with the child having at least one chronic medical condition, and those who perceived that COVID-19 is a severe illness for the child. The mean value of respondent trust in the information provided by the pediatricians on a 10-point scale Likert type was 7.6. Female, not having a university degree, higher perception that COVID-19 is a severe disease, not having received information about the vaccination from pediatricians, and needing information had a significantly higher concern of side effects after the vaccination. The most common reasons for vaccinating their children included wanting to protect the child against COVID-19, to attend the school with less risk, to prevent the transmission to family members, and to practice sport and other activities with less risks. Participants with a university degree were more likely to have vaccinated their child for attending the school and practicing sport and other activities with less risks.ConclusionsMore publicity should be promoted among parents of children aged 5–11 years which would increase the coverage rates and thus lower the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and reduce the occurrence of COVID-19.

كلمة العدد (الإنجليزي)

This is the eighteenth issue of the Journal of Educational Sciences, which is published by the College of Education at Qatar University. We feel fortunate that the publication of this issue coincides with the start of the academic year in most universities in the Arab world and around the globe, as we welcome news of progress toward overcoming the Covid-19 pandemic. This issue of the journal includes seven carefully selected articles. The first article proposes a model for the motivation of Omani students for practicing sports activities. The second article is entitled "Professional Learning for Teachers in the Sultanate of Oman: Reality and Practice". The third research investigates the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement in college students. The fourth article examines the effect of a treatment program to reduce burnout in mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down Syndrome in the State of Kuwait. The fifth article provides an intriguing examination of organizational loyalty to the teaching profession. The sixth article is entitled "Electronic Developmental Supervision and Its Impact on Teachers' Attitudes and Improving Their Teaching Performance: A Quasi-Experimental Study". Finally, the seventh article is entitled "Servant Leadership Practices of the Department Chairmen and Its Relationship to Team’s Professional Learning from Teachers’ Perspectives". Readers of this edition and the previous ones of the journal will clearly recognize the keenness of the editorial board on ensuring a diversity of topics within each issue, to meet the multifarious nature of its readership while maintaining the highest level of editorial scrutiny for which the journal has become known.

Obstacles to recreational sports tourism for the Egyptian Triathlon Federation after the 25 January revolution

Recreational sports tourism is one sports tourism and defined as it is the movement of an individual from his permanent residence to another place within or outside the borders of the country in which he lives for no less than 24 hours, to enjoy watching sports events or practicing sports activities, for the duration of his residence if this residence is not a permanent residence. Recreational sports are those activities where the primary purpose of the activity is participation, with the related goals of improved physical fitness, fun, and social participation often prominent. Recreational sports are usually perceived as less stressful, both physically and mentally, for participants. There are lower expectations for both performance and commitment to sport in the recreational sphere. In theory, there is a clear demarcation between purely recreational pursuits and competitive sports, where the emphasis will be centered on the achievement of success and the attainment of physical skills through rigorous training. Aim of the study:&nbsp; the idea of this study came to identify the obstacles to recreational sports tourism in the Egyptian Federation For triathlon after the 25th of January revolution. Methodology: The research community represents the trainers, administrators, workers, and pioneers of the Egyptian Triathlon Federation. The stratified random method, so that it constitutes an acceptable number to represent the research community, and the number of them reached (120) coaches, administrators, workers, and pioneers in the Egyptian Triathlon Federation. The duration is from 12 August 2021, 10 years after the January 25 revolution. Recommendations: Considering the objectives of the research and within the limits of the research community and the selected sample, and considering the results achieved, the research team recommends: The Ministry of Youth and Sports and the Olympic Committee hold specialized training courses in Recreational Sports Tourism and its importance to the economics of sports in Egypt. Raising awareness of the actual transformation of the sport from training and professionalism, Considering sports tourism as a service industry at the highest level. Providing an appropriate organizational structure within the Egyptian Triathlon Federation for sports tourism and recreation. Providing the necessary financial support for implementing the Federation's plan

Study of Sports Motivation of Students from the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca

ABSTRACT. Introduction: The purpose of this article is to analyze the motivation to practice sports and physical activities among university students. Objectives: To identify the perceived reasons, as well as the existing differences between the students from the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, regarding the motivation to practice sports and physical activities, depending on the gender and the area of residence. Methods: To find out what motivates university students to take part in various physical sports activities, we conducted a study in the academic year 2019-2020, with 257 participants. The method of quantitative research and the technique of administering questionnaires by sociological survey was used. The research tool was the Sports Motivation Scale-6 (SMS-6; Mallett et al., 2007), which is an evaluation of contextual motivation meant to ascertain the perceived reasons for practicing sports activities. Results: Regarding the behavior of practicing sports among students at the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, male students are more motivated compared to female students and intrinsic motivation is predominant compared to other types of motivation. The area of residence does not seem to influence differently the motivation of students to practice sports, the scores obtained on each type of motivation being very close between the respondents from rural and urban areas. Conclusions: Physical education and sports are perceived by some students as a school obligation (external motivation), by others as a recreational, compensatory or recovery activity, while for most of them it means fun, a way to meet new people and to enjoy their company (intrinsic motivation).

The Role of Community Centers in Promoting the Sport Practicing in Saudi Society – The Descriptive Study on Community Centers in Jeddah –: دور مراكز الأحياء في تعزيز الممارسة الرياضية لدى المجتمع السعودي – دراسة وصفية على مراكز الأحياء بمدينة جدة –

This study aims to reveal the role of the community centres in promoting sports activities the in Saudi society, and to identify the motives that enhance practicing sports in the Saudi society, and to identify the obstacles that limit practicing sports in the Saudi society, and in order to reach these goals the study relied on the descriptive approach and on the questionnaire tool for collecting data, and the sample members were beneficiaries of sporting activities in community centres in Jeddah. The study concluded that community centres have increased practicing sports among Saudi society, and that individuals who benefit from sports activities in community centres are mostly the age group between 19-30 years old, the study has also found that practicing sports activities decreases when the age variable increases. Entertainment motivations for practicing sports have obtained the highest rating among beneficiaries of sports activities in community centres, where it has scored more than health, psychological, and social motives, the study has also found that social motivations enhance sports practice in Saudi society, especially the tendency of those who actually practice sports in the community centres to play sports with other people. And finally; the study points to the bearing that a percentage of the sample members find "societal obstacles" limiting the physical exercise of Saudi society to some degree.

The reality of practicing sports activities modified for people with mild intellectual disabilities from the perspective of the teacher: واقع ممارسة الأنشطة الرياضية المكيفة للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية البسيطة من وجهة نظر المعلمين

The current study aimed to identify the reality of practicing sports activities modified for people with mild intellectual disabilities from the perspective of the teacher, in light of some variables including "Gender, Academic Qualification and Sector". The sample of the study included of (105) male and female current teachers of intellectually disabled in the governmental and private sectors. They were chosen randomly using the descriptive methodology, and the results concluded that the degree of applying modified sports activities with people with simple intellectual disabilities was moderate, with no statistically significant differences in the domain of (physical sensory environment for sports activities, the degree of availability of human resources qualified to train sports activities, and the role of the teachers of mentally disabled to activate sports activities) are attributed to the gender and the educational qualification variables, with statistically significant differences in the domain of (physical sensory environment for sports activities) attributed to the sector variable and came in favor of the private sector. The researcher recommended the importance of activating the various sporting activities for the intellectually disabled by qualified specialists in order to adopt planned and organized training programs.

The Effectiveness of a Developed Instructional Unitin Vocational Education Curriculum Based on International Standards in Nutrition and Sports in Improving Attitudes Towards Practicing Sports Activities ‎Among Eighth Grade Female Students in Jordan

The Effectiveness of a Developed Instructional Unitin Vocational Education Curriculum Based on International Standards in Nutrition and Sports in Improving Attitudes Towards Practicing Sports Activities ‎Among Eighth Grade Female Students in Jordan

The Impact of Practicing Sports Activities on the Emotional State of Jordanian University Students

This study aims to identify the effect of sports activities on the emotional state of Jordanian university students and its relationship to variables (student specialization, student's place of residence, and student's age); the descriptive approach was used in its survey form by developing a questionnaire to measure students' perceptions of the importance of practicing physical activities consisting of (30) items. The study sample consisted of (186) students. The results of the study indicated that the average answers of the sample of the study were a high degree of the importance of practicing physical activities, which revealed full awareness of the importance of those activities from students, the results also indicated that male students are more aware and aware of the importance of practicing female physical activities, and the results of the study indicated that the student’s specialization (scientific or human college) and for the benefit of students of human specializations from students of scientific colleges, as well as the place of residence, the results show that it has a statistically significant effect for the benefit of the villagers, as the results reflected that the students who live outside the city are more aware of the importance of practicing these activities, and the results of this study may be beneficial for both parents and teachers to increase awareness of their children to practice physical activities in their everyday lives of all ages. Received: 27 December 2021 / Accepted: 9 February 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

Obstacles Implementation The Goals Of Physical Education For The Middle School In Accordance To The Requirements Of Sustainable Development Associated With It From The Point Of View Of Supervisors The Jurisdiction In The Governorates Of The Middle Euphrat

The importance of the research lies in identifying the most important obstacles facing the implementation of the goals of physical education in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development from the point of view of the supervisors specializing in the Babil Governorate Center. The research problem was: that the curriculum in our country in the past used to focus on preparing students militarily and once on the competitive aspects and other data that led to a lack of focus on aspects that serve the goals that lead to an increase in students' experiences with modern matters, and the requirements of sustainable development, therefore, the educational curricula, when developed by specialists and defining their objectives, are supposed to serve their interests and the interests of society by focusing on the educational and applied aspects and translating them by those in charge of applying those curricula. As for the research objectives, they were to identify the sustainable development goals related to achieving the goals of physical education for the middle stage from the point of view of supervisors specializing in the central Euphrates governorates, as well as to uncover the obstacles that stand behind the implementation of the goals of physical education in accordance with the requirements of the sustainable development goals and associated with them. The researchers used the descriptive approach using the survey method, and the research community was identified by educational supervisors specializing in physical education in the provinces of the Middle Euphrates (Babil, Najaf, Karbala, Diwaniyah), as their number reached (48) supervisors. Based on the above, the researchers concluded: Most of the obstacles that have been reached are real and realistic, as well as the lack of a culture of practicing sports activities within the groups of Iraqi society, with no conviction among those in charge of the educational process of the necessity and importance of studying physical education. In light of the conclusions, the researchers recommend: Giving great importance to studying physical education in middle schools because of its direct impact on these age groups, while qualifying the teaching staff present in schools in a manner appropriate by entering them in specialized courses in psychological aspects and how to deal with such an important segment Of students.

معوقات ممارسة الأنشطة الریاضیة لدى طالبات جامعة المنوفیة

Obstacles to sports activities owned by femalestudents of Menoufia UniversityThe method used: Identifying the obstacles that prevent students from practicing sports activities at Menoufia UniversityThe research sample:The main research sample was selected by stratified random method from within the research community of female university students for the year 2019/2020 and their number (43225) students This is so that the basic sample of the research represents the equivalent of (5%) and a minimum of (30) female students from the number of students of each college separately, provided that they have not participated in the exploratory experiment. Thus, the number of members of the main sample for the research becomes (2213) female students Means and tools for data collectionThe Researcher recommends the following:• Implementing carnivals,in an attractive technological way,with opening of student activities and events in the sports field• Immediate reward by honoring the material and moral of the outstanding students in the practice of sports activity so that attracts them and their colleagues in the practice• The necessity of relying on athletics scouts in clubs by organizing periodic visits to university colleges during the activities of the Egyptian league festival to discover talented members and joining them to sports club• The necessity of developing various sports programs for straight people and people with special needs and publishing them through the various media at the university to spread sport awareness

تطوير المنشأت الرياضية بدولة الکويت من خلال المشارکة المجتمعية فى اطار تطبيق معايير جودة المنشأت

تحرص دولة الکويت على إنشاء العديد من المنشأت الرياضية فى کل المحافظات والمدن المختلفة ويتنوع إنشاء هذه المنشأت الرياضية ما بين المنشأت الرياضية القانونية والأولمبية لإقامة البطولات الرياضية ومنشأت رياضية لممارسة الرياضة الحرة للهواة ويجب على المجتمع المحلى وعلى المنظمات المجتمعية الاهتمام بهذه المنشأت والعمل على تطويرها وتنميتها من خلال إستخدام أهداف وخصائص ووظائف منهج إدارة الجودة. وذلک لأن منهج إدارة الجودة منهج إدارى يهتم بتطوير وتنمية جميع العمليات الإدارية والفنية وکذلک الإمکانيات المادية داخل المؤسسات والمنظمات المختلفة. هدف البحث: يهدف البحث إلى تطوير المنشأت الرياضية بدولة الکويت من خلال المشارکة المجتمعية فى اطار تطبيق معايير جودة المنشأت. وکان من أهم النتائج: · المنشأت الرياضية لها تأثير ايجابي على أفراد المجتمع لممارسة النشاط الرياضى. · المنشأت الرياضية تمنح أفراد المجتمع الحرية الکاملة في اختيار الأنشطة الممارسة. · تتوافر في المنشأت الرياضية کافة الأدوات والأجهزة الخاصة بممارسة الأنشطة الرياضية. التوصيات: · يجب أن توفر المنشأت الرياضية بيئة صحية لأفراد المجتمع. · يجب على المنشأت الرياضية أن تنظم برامج الأنشطة الرياضية طبقا لبرامج الأنشطة الرياضية بالأندية الرياضية والإتحادات الرياضية. · يجب أن توظف المنشأت الرياضية إمکانياتها لتحقيق أهداف برامج الأنشطة الرياضية الخاصة بالهيئة العامة للشباب والرياضة. The State of Kuwait is keen to establish many sports facilities in all governorates and different cities. The establishment of these sports facilities varies between legal and Olympic sports facilities for the establishment of sports championships and sports facilities for the free exercise of amateur sports. The local community and community organizations must pay attention to these facilities and work to develop and develop them through Use the objectives, characteristics and functions of the quality management approach. This is because the quality management approach is an administrative approach concerned with developing and developing all administrative and technical processes as well as the material capabilities within the various institutions and organizations. Research objective: The research aims to develop sports facilities in the State of Kuwait through community participation in the context of applying the standards of facility quality. Among the most important results: · Sports facilities have a positive impact on community members to practice sporting activity. · Sports facilities give community members complete freedom to choose the activities they practice. · The sports facilities have all the tools and devices for practicing sports activities. Recommendations: · Sports facilities must provide a healthy environment for community members. · Sports facilities must organize sports activities programs according to the sports activities programs in sports clubs and sports federations. · Sports facilities should employ their capabilities to achieve the goals of the sports activities programs of the General Authority for Youth and Sports.

The level of emotional intelligence among students of university students practicing sports activities

This study aims to reveal the level of emotional intelligence of students at The University of Ouargla practitioners of sports activities, and to identify the differences in the level of their emotional intelligence by gender and specialization (technical, literary). to achieve the objectives of the study was used the test of emotional intelligence of Osman and Rizk, and applied to a sample of students from The University of Ouargla practicing sports activities consisting of (75) students, the results showed that the level of emotional intelligence among students practicing sports activities at the University of Ouargla is high, and there are no statistically significant differences in the emotional intelligence of the students Practitioners of sports activities by gender and specialization.

South Africa: Challenges and successes of the COVID-19 lockdown

At the beginning of March 2020, South Africa (59 million inhabitants) was hit by the pandemic of COVID-19 and soon became the most affected country in Africa by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. From one single case on March 5th, the number of cases increased rapidly, forcing the South-African Government to swiftly react and place the country under strict lockdown for six weeks. The strategy of the South African Government bore fruits with a contained spread of the virus. If the number of positive cases at the end of the lockdown reached 5647, the number of fatal casualties was limited to 103 deaths. The lockdown was overall well respected, even if serious problems of food supply soon occurred in informal settlements, leading to riots and confrontation with security forces. Indeed, populations were obedient, but not being able to practice sport or outdoors activities appeared heavy. The constant fear of the poorest not to have enough money to pay rent and buy food (even if the Government organised food parcels’ distributions), and to find less and less work was echoed by the fear of losing jobs among those more privileged. Despite the risk of an economic crisis, the South African Government has continued on the reasonable path of containing the pandemic with ending the lockdown at a slow pace, in five phases.