World Practice Research Articles

Practical Value of Intensive Learning, use and Development of Communicative Skills for Students of Mathematics Based on Professional English Language

Research relevance: the article deals with the special application of methods and techniques that have shown their effectiveness in world practice for the successful implementation of professional communication of mathematicians-students in English. Research purpose: clarification in a practical context of the objective aspects need for methods to achieve the expected results in teaching English in the system of higher mathematical professional education in Kyrgyzstan. Research materials and methods: analysis of their influence on the development of the professional speech of mathematicians-students through the views of students who studied this question, and also the ways of verifying these methods in practice are proposed. The content of these methods is revealed in the article, taking into account public and social conditions. This is related to the task of preparing mathematicians-students for international competition by forming professional English language at the required level, and also demonstrates the content of methods used in practice with examples. Research results: on the basis of the proposed points, a number of problems in teaching English in the field of professional education and mathematics are highlighted. Conclusions: a comprehensive approach is required to improve the teaching of English in mathematics.

Exploring Canadian Dietitians' Knowledge Attitude and Practices Providing Culturally Safe Care to Muslims who fast During the Month of Ramadan: A Cross-sectional Study.

Fasting during Ramadan involves abstaining from food and drink from dawn to dusk for 29 to 30 days, annually. Dietitians, experts in food and nutrition, play a vital role in fostering the well-being of Canadians. Given that 1 in 20 Canadians are Muslim, access to culturally safe care is essential for their health. The consumption of adequate nutrients during the non-fasting hours is important for Muslims well-being. It is unknown whether dietitians in Canada feel comfortable and knowledgeable providing safe care during Ramadan. An online survey, was developed using the World Health Organization's Knowledge Attitude and Practice Protocol, and then reviewed for content validity by 6 dietitians. From March 5, 2023 to April 1, 2023, 159 Canadian dietitians, from a variety of practice areas including acute care, community health, and private practice, completed the online survey. Descriptive statistics, cross tabulations, and chi-square tests, enhanced by post hoc analyses with Bonferroni correction, were employed to determine any relationship between categorical variables and identify significant associations or differences. While most participants demonstrated an adequate understanding of Ramadan fasting practices, including its duration and restrictions, 91% reported not receiving information on how to provide culturally safe care during their university degree. Many dietitians expressed discomfort providing care (43.7%, 69/158) and lacked adequate resources (51.3%, 81/158). Among the 37% of dietitians who did offer care to Muslims (58/157), the majority felt comfortable (72.1%, 44/58). This study reveals a gap in capacity to provide culturally safe care, highlighting the need for training interventions for nutrition professionals, and curriculum for dietetics programs.

General practice for a brave new world!

General practice for a brave new world!

DIRECTIONS OF APPLICATION OF THE ECO-MUSEUM APPROACH TO THE CONSERVATION OF THE NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE EAST ZANGEZUR REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

The article analyzes the features of the creation of eco-museums in world practice and its application for the organization of eco-museums in the reconstructed East Zangezur region of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The functions of eco-museums in conservation of the natural and cultural heritage and their role in the development of regional tourism are described in detail, and 5 pilot zones in the corresponding administrative districts of Eastern Zangezur are proposed for the creation of eco-museums. The authors compared the corresponding indicators characterizing eco-museums and natural and cultural features of the region and gave a description of the development of potentially privileged areas of the region’s tourism sector.

On the prospects of using sapropel solutions in drilling and repairing oil and gas wells

Western Siberia, in addition to its significant oil and gas reserves, also has huge resources of sapropel and peat, which are estimated at 40 % of the world's total. In world practice, there is a positive experience with using drilling and plugging fluids that incorporate sapropel additives in well construction.The aim of this article is to investigate the impact of sapropel on the properties of drilling and plugging fluids.To achieve this goal, we conducted laboratory studies using experimental methods to examine the effects of sapropel on the properties of drilling and plugging fluids. Our results indicate that sapropel can serve various roles in drilling fluids. These roles are weighting agent, thickener, corrosion inhibitor, biocide, clay stabilizer, and lubricating additive. We calculated the density of the developed sapropel drilling fluids, plastic viscosity, and fluid loss. Also, we assessed the prospects for using sapropel in production.The authors believe that the research of sapropels in drilling and well repair in Western Siberia has been studied extremely poorly. This is the reason for the need for further exploration in this area. Based on the the scientific works reviewed and laboratory research, we have developed an effective method for constructing wells under abnormally low reservoir pressure. This method should help to optimize drilling technology in Western Siberia. This is the importance of the practical significance of our article.

The role of the “third sector” in the political careers of men and women in Russia

Gender asymmetry in the distribution within Russian politics suggests the presence of a "glass ceiling" that does not allow women to fully realise their potential. Thearticle is devoted to the assessment of socio-political activity as social capital that helps women to co-opt into the state governance system and overcome internal restrictions. In world practice, public non-governmental non-profit organisations have come to be viewed as a special segment of the economy - the "third sector”. It plays an increasingly significant role in the development of civil society and influences the political sphere in Russia. The purpose of the study was to assess the third sector as a pool of recruitment to power. Using the method of retrospective biographical analysis of eight hundred successful acting politicians and managers of both sexes, an analysis of their incorporation into the state system was carried out, gender differences between political trajectories were identified. The most effective in structure were all-Russian public organisations with an extensive network of branches throughout the country, which allows them to accumulate social and administrative resources and successfully incorporate their representatives into government bodies. The partyliftfunctions successfully for both sexes. The analysis allows us to conclude that the third sector is a pool of recruitment into the country's political system; vertical mobility has a number of gender differences. For women, the social capital that allows for vertical mobility is a party career, experience in the system of public chambers, participation in the People's Front "For Russia" movement, as well as in professional and charitable NGOs. For them, activity in the public field is an effective way to build a political trajectory to any level of the power pyramid. The business community, through non-profit associations, tries not only to be useful to the state, but also quite successfully uses them to incorporate its members into various branches of government, but thisliftoperates mainly for men.

Теорія і практика формувального оцінювання на уроках геометрії: огляд закордонних публікацій

Formative assessment plays an important role in modern education. Formative assessment is an assessment that takes place throughout the learning process. Therefore, teachers have an important role to play in mastering appropriate approaches to formative assessment. According to previous research, some teachers are unable to understand the role of formative assessment in learning, which prevents them from using it effectively in the classroom. Because of this problem, many researchers have conducted studies related to the practice of formative assessment in schools. The article discusses the problem of formative assessment, which is becoming increasingly relevant in the world and Ukrainian pedagogical practice, in particular in the context of teaching geometry. Formative assessment, which was developed in the second half of the twentieth century, involves not only testing knowledge, but also providing constructive feedback aimed at adjusting the learning process. The article analyses the results of foreign studies that show the positive impact of formative assessment on students' academic performance, development of critical thinking, motivation and independence. The article emphasises the need to integrate this approach into mathematics teaching in Ukraine, taking into account foreign experience. Particular attention is paid to the psychological aspects of implementing assessment and the use of new technologies to improve learning. Formative assessment is seen as a tool that adapts to the individual needs of students, stimulates self-regulation, and promotes a deeper understanding of geometric concepts.

The importance of the concept of sustainable development in the activities of energy companies

Sustainable development of energy enterprises is aimed at consistent transformations that ensure effective and sustainable development of the country's energy sector. It covers sustainable changes in industries and enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, which plays a key systemic role. The article analyzes the activities of energy sector enterprises and identifies their specifics in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. The purpose of this article is to study the essence of sustainable development of the energy sector and analyze methodological approaches to its assessment. The concept of "sustainable energy development" is considered at three levels: state, sectoral and at the level of energy enterprises. The authors offer their own vision of sustainable energy development for each of these levels. The article also analyzes methodological approaches used in world practice to assess sustainable energy development, focusing exclusively on the state level. The following methods were used in the study: analysis and synthesis - for a detailed study of the basic principles of the functioning of the energy sector; induction and deduction - for an in-depth analysis of the features of its activities in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. In addition, a graphical method was used, which allows us to clearly present the results obtained and demonstrate the key conclusions of the study. The combination of these approaches ensures the complexity and structure of the analysis. It was found that sustainability is inherent in such systems that, under the influence of external and internal factors, retain their basic characteristics and properties. To eliminate imbalances in development and achieve proportionality, the structure of the system must be flexible, adaptive and have the potential for continuous improvement. An important role in ensuring the sustainability and integrity of the energy system is played by the integration and interdependence of its elements, as well as their ability to effectively self-regulate.

Historical Memory and Volumetric-Spatial Composition of Tsitsernakaberd Memorial Complex

The erection of memorials and monuments plays an important role in the historical memory of humanity, self-recognition of society and awareness of the social nature of memory. From this point of view, we looked at the architectural-spatial environment of Tsitsernakaberd, the memorial complex dedicated to the victims of the Genocide, the organization of which is subject to the perpetuation of historical memory and is one of the manifestations of the preservation of national identity. It finds its parallels in world practice. The motivation for the construction of the memorial complex was the fiftieth anniversary of Yeghern. The Tsitsernakaberd hill has been completely culturalized, the landscape has passed through four conceptual lenses: ''text'', ''arena'', ''performance'' and ''wound'', achieving the harmony of hand-made and non-handmade. In the work, a complete examination of the architecture of the memorial complex was carried out by the method of comparative analysis of professional literature and personal observations. In conclusion, it can be said that the memorial dedicated to the memory of the Genocide victims, apart from its historical and artistic significance, is also a universal value and a sacred place for all those who consider human life as an absolute value regardless of nationality, religion or race.

ЦИФРЛЫҚ ЖАҺАНДАНУ ЖАҒДАЙЫНДА ТАРИХИ-КАРТОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ҚОРЛАРДЫ ҚҰРУДЫҢ ӘДІСТЕМЕСІ

In this article, the issue of transferring historical and cartographic data from scientific resources into digital format is comprehensively examined. Each country determines the priorities of digital development and conducts intensive work. The development of the global economy is also taking place through digital transformations. The methodology of preparing historical and cartographic resources in the context of digital globalization includes a comprehensive approach that combines the stimulation of effective digital transformation processes and the optimization of human capital. Based on these trends, the importance and urgency of creating historical and cartographic resources in the context of digital globalization is emphasized. This is due to the fact that the problem of preserving historical resources at the country level is currently in a difficult situation. Historically important cartographic materials become obsolete over time. These materials should be preserved as part of the informational heritage, and the work of transferring them to future generations should be carried out continuously. In this regard, a methodology for creating the historical and cartographic resources in electronic format was developed. An analysis of the best world practices in creating historically important cartographic databases was conducted. In this regard, the electronic resources compiled by a group of scientists from the Vatican Library and Harvard University were studied. The results and methods obtained during the research can be considered as a model for the creation of a historical and cartographic database at the national level.

Система управления профессиональным развитием НПР на основе мотивации их научной активности

Most universities in the world use a motivational model in which research and teaching staff (R&P) receive degrees and titles necessary for career growth. However, objective (lack of vacancies, lack of finances) and subjective (lack of interest in research) factors can slow down their professional development. World practice shows that subjective factors can be minimized by introducing effective motivation systems for research assistants, focused on conducting high-quality research that contributes to career growth. The article presents an improved system for managing the professional growth of academic staff at universities in the Republic of Kazakhstan, based on the motivation of their scientific activity. An important criterion is documents confirming the implementation of scientific developments, such as funding agreements, joint projects and publications with practitioners. A methodology for assessing the activities of academic staff and university departments is proposed, which allows us to develop a flexible list of activities to stimulate their qualifications. This creates a synergistic effect that helps increase the professionalism and productivity of the research team.

Participation of an independent member of the supervisory board (board of directors) in corporate governance: comparative legal research

The article analyzes the institution of an independent member (independent non-executive director) of the supervisory board (board of directors) of a joint-stock company in the USA, Great Britain and China. It is concluded that UK corporate law does not contain clear criteria for differentiating non­executive from executive directors. Therefore, independent non-executive directors have the same duties and are legally liable as executive board members. They are subject to the duties of directors contained in the Companies Act. British law emphasizes the non-executive director’s independence from the company and its management, rather than the non-executive director’s dependence on the shareholders. The article systematizes a set of legal acts that are the sources of legal regulation of the US independent directors, namely: 1) listing standards of stock exchanges (New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq); 2) regulatory acts of the Securities and Exchange Commission; 3) laws of the state where stock corporation is registered. Attention is paid to legal regulation in China. The author notes that the existing system of regulating the legal status of an independent director actually does not fulfill the functions assigned to an independent director. Chinese corporate governance system should be aimed at limiting the power of management and better protecting the interests of minority shareholders. However, its role is not adequately fulfilled because Chinese listed companies are usually controlled by a single majority shareholder. The author concludes that two types of independent directors have spread in world practice: the American one, in accordance with which the position of an independent director is established in a mandatory manner in corporate law; English, according to which the norms regarding the independent director are of a recommendatory nature, taking into account the principle «comply or explain». It is concluded that there are no single criteria for the concept of independence in the law of the studied countries, as well as a list of requirements for independent executive directors. Thus, the independence of an independent director remains a subjective category, and the evaluation criteria are formed based on the socio-economic conditions of the country.

Improving Function in Older Adults With Hospital-Associated Deconditioning: Lessons Learned Comparing a Randomized Controlled Trial to Real World Practice.

The optimal approach for improving physical function following acute hospitalization is unknown. A recent clinical trial of home health physical therapy compared a high-intensity, progressive, multi-component (PMC) intervention to enhanced usual care (EUC). While both groups improved in physical function, no between-group differences were observed. However, the EUC group received care that differed from real world practice due to standardized treatments and a higher frequency of visits. This study compared a non-randomized true usual care (TUC) group to the EUC and PMC groups. Participants in the parent trial were randomly assigned to the EUC group (n = 100) and PMC group (n = 100) following hospital discharge. A subset of eligible patients (n = 55) were concurrently enrolled in the TUC group. Both the PMC and EUC groups received strength, activities of daily living, and gait training that differed in intensity but were matched in frequency and duration. TUC group care was determined by the home health agency. The primary outcome at 60-days was the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). In comparison to the TUC group, the EUC and PMC groups had significantly greater improvements in SPPB score (EUC: +1.04 points [CI = 0.18-1.90]; PMC: +1.12 points [CI = 0.23-2.00]). While participants in the EUC and PMC groups experienced greater functional recovery compared to those in the TUC group, it cannot be determined whether these differences are due to the interventions received or confounding factors associated with the addition of a third, non-randomized, study group during the trial period. This study illustrates the importance of design and interpretation of control groups for clinical trials. Further, the differences between the TUC group and the enhanced intervention groups warrant future research exploring whether increasing visits and standardizing care improve function in older adults receiving home health physical therapy after hospital associated deconditioning. Participants in the intervention groups received standardized and more therapy than usual care, and experienced greater functional improvements. However, these differences may be due to factors associated with the addition of a non-randomized group during an ongoing clinical trial.

Posture-invariant myoelectric control with self-calibrating random forests.

Myoelectric control systems translate different patterns of electromyographic (EMG) signals into the control commands of diverse human-machine interfaces via hand gesture recognition, enabling intuitive control of prosthesis and immersive interactions in the metaverse. The effect of arm position is a confounding factor leading to the variability of EMG characteristics. Developing a model with its characteristics and performance invariant across postures, could largely promote the translation of myoelectric control into real world practice. Here we propose a self-calibrating random forest (RF) model which can (1) be pre-trained on data from many users, then one-shot calibrated on a new user and (2) self-calibrate in an unsupervised and autonomous way to adapt to varying arm positions. Analyses on data from 86 participants (66 for pre-training and 20 in real-time evaluation experiments) demonstrate the high generalisability of the proposed RF architecture to varying arm positions. Our work promotes the use of simple, explainable, efficient and parallelisable model for posture-invariant myoelectric control.

TECNOLOGIAS NO PROCESSO EDUCACIONAL: TRANSFORMAÇÕES PEDAGÓGICAS E DESAFIOS AO / NO ENSINO

In recent years, technology has become essential in the educational landscape, as it has significantly transformed the way students 'learn' and how teachers 'teach'. This duality points to the process and insertion of technology in/for education – mainly by highlighting benefits, challenges and impacts on educational theoretical conceptions, as well as on the practices instituted in the pedagogical context. In this way, we sought to revisit not only the pertinent literature, but also to discuss the technological dimensions and their roles in learning, engagements, skills and, above all, to understand that 'access to digital information' is a dual sphere that requires learning new challenges, 'breaking paradigms' and accepting the risks imposed in the continuing education of teachers. Thus, the present text points out possibilities, even if theoretical, capable of providing opportunities for theory and practice of the digital world that, as far as possible, facilitates the educational process as a tool to transform the challenges incorporated into teaching in the modern world.

Granulometric composition of soils: history, development of methods, current state and prospects

The problems of determination and classification of soils by granulometric composition from the point of view of domestic and international soil science are considered. The development of methods and devices for granulometric analysis of soils was largely promoted by the works of the Department of Soil Physics and Reclamation, on the basis of which the necessity of two stages of granulometric analysis was shown, the all-Russian method of sedimentation analysis of particles by pipette method was founded, with the development of the classification of N.A. Kachinsky and names of soils by granulometry, which are fundamentally different from those generally accepted in the world practice. At present, at the first stage the method of pretreatment with 4% sodium pyrophosphate is widespread, at the second stage — measurement of granulometric composition two approaches are used — sedimentation method and laser diffractometry, which have different physical bases. The difference of final results on granulometric composition of soils is usually associated with different shape and density of solid phase of organic and mineral particles. This paper presents the studies of granulometric composition of agrodernovo-podzolic sandy loam soil (Tver region, VNIIMZ experimental site) with low content of organic matter in comparison of three methods of granulometric composition determination: laser diffractometer, sedimentometric methods of suspension pressure estimation on Pario - ISP+ (Integral Suspension Pressure) device and classical pipette method. Th e laser diffractometer for fine fractions showed systematically underestimated data with the same pretreatment procedure compared to ISP and pipette method. The ISP+ method compared to the classical pipette method gives similar results.

Formiranje novih pravaca historiografije: Aktuelna konceptualizacija modernosti

The article deals with the modern problems of archival science, historiography, source studies in the post-Soviet space of science of the Russian Federation, summarizes the results of the science of the past century, determines the prospects of future relevant concept ology of modernity. The author examines the state of archival affairs in the Republic of Kalmykia on the problems of regional history, shows the main characteristics of modern historical science in the region, legitimate interests in the development of archeography. For the first time in the history of the state, a systemic failure of archival science as a form of manifestation of record keeping, the need to rebuild the archival system is shown, the urgency of the problem of the unified state archival fund (EGAF) is indicated: its formation, formation, preservation, responsibility for its preservation. One of the features of archival funds is their classification, the modern correct structure of preservation and their origin allows us to determine the place and their role in the history of the archival service, to show their genres and fields of knowledge. The author emphasizes the importance and world practice of modern archival science in the field of cognitive space, opens up the possibility of analyzing new facts in the history of Russian statehood, concluding that the actualization translation concluding that the actualization of modern conceptology makes it possible to form new directions in the science of historical knowledge of the past. With the historical development, the problems of knowledge aimed at its humanization are increasingly being considered.

Sound therapy in the treotment of tinnitus

Tinnitus is currently a serious problem of rhinolaryngology, leads to a significant decrease in the quality of human life, limits his ability to household, social and professional activities. It has a high prevalence and occurs in 10-15% of the adult population, while in 1-3% of cases a severe form of the disease is observed. There are more than 60 treatments for ear noise in the world. These include drug therapy; physiotherapeutic effects that allow stimulating various parts of the auditory pathway from the hair cells of the cochlea, the nuclei of the brain stem, the medulla oblongata, the temporal gyri of the cerebral cortex; sound therapy, as well as the use of technical means audio maskers, hearing aids, implants. The aim of this review is to highlight the current state of the issue, to analyze the sound-activating methods of rehabilitation of patients with tinnitus proposed in world practice. Such a variety of techniques is due to the polyethological nature of the factors causing tinnitus and the empirical approach to treatment. A significant arsenal of medications and surgical interventions used to treat pathological auditory sensations often turns out to be far from universal and often ineffective. It should be noted that with an increase in the prescription of subjective tinnitus, the effectiveness of drug therapy decreases and, in turn, the importance of rehabilitation therapies increases. Most modern methods of treating this pathology are based on the principles of neuroplasticity the ability of the central nervous system to structurally and functionally reorganize. Recently, much attention has been paid to non-drug treatment methods, including the method of reeducation (sound therapy).

Long-Term outcomes after stress echocardiography in real world practice: five-year follow-up of the UK Evarest study.

Stress echocardiography is widely used to assess patients with chest pain. The clinical value of a positive or negative test result to inform on likely longer-term outcomes when applied in real world practice across a healthcare system has not been previously reported. 5503 patients recruited across 32 UK NHS hospitals between 2018 and 2022, participating in the EVAREST/BSE-NSTEP prospective cohort study, with data on medical outcomes up to 2023 available from NHS England were included in analysis. Stress echocardiography results were related to outcomes, including death, procedures, hospital admissions and relevant cardiovascular diagnoses, based on Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard ratios. Median follow-up was 829 days (IQR 224-1434). A positive stress echocardiogram was associated with a greater risk of myocardial infarction (HR 2.71, 95% CI 1.73-4.24, P<0.001), and a composite endpoint of cardiac-related mortality and myocardial infarction (HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.41-2.93, P<0.001). Hazard ratios increased with ischaemic burden. A negative stress echocardiogram identified an event-free 'warranty period' of at least five years in patients with no prior history of coronary artery disease, and four years for those with disease. In real-world practice, the degree of myocardial ischaemia recorded by clinicians at stress echocardiography correctly categorises risk of future events over the next five years. Reporting a stress echocardiogram as negative correctly identifies patients with no greater than a background risk of cardiovascular events over a similar time period.

Factors That Influence the Work Readiness of Agricultural Vocational High School Students to Work in the Agricultural Sector

Objective: This study aims to identify factors that influence the work readiness of Agricultural Vocational High School students to work in the agricultural sector. Theoretical Framework: This study explores the influence of variables of learning motivation, job information, career expectations, industrial world practices, family support, self-competence, and spiritual intelligence on the work readiness of students of Agricultural Vocational High Schools. Method: This study is a quantitative study using a questionnaire to collect data from 132 student tourists. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results and Discussion: The results of the study showed that the variables of learning motivation, job information, career expectations, industrial world practices, family support, self-competence, and spiritual intelligence had a significant influence on the readiness of Agricultural Vocational School students to work in the agricultural sector both simultaneously and partially. Research Implications: The results of the study revealed the influence of 7 variables that together affect work readiness. By knowing the influence of these 7 variables, Agricultural Vocational High Schools can apply the seven variables to improve their students' work readiness. Originality/Value: This study includes the spiritual intelligence variable as one of the variables that influences the work readiness of students at Agricultural Vocational High Schools, where this spiritual intelligence variable has not been studied.