Practice Of Public Administration Research Articles

THE POLITICS OF INTERNET FREEDOM RANKINGS: A CALL FOR A COMPARATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING INTERNET FREEDOM

This paper critically assesses current regimes of internet governance and the role of internet freedom rankings therein. In particular, it aims to initiate a debate ultimately leading to the development of a ground-breaking comparative framework for assessing internet policy, departing from the assumption that current frameworks for measuring internet freedom are predicated too strictly on the dichotomy of democracy/non-democracy. Most stakeholders involved in benchmarking internet freedom approach it from a Western-leaning perspective that uncritically assumes that democracy-related practices are embedded in the very origins of the internet and therefore, the levels of democratisation can serve as valid indicators of internet freedom. As a result, these frameworks lack $2 when applied to invasive policies and public administration practices implemented in democracies, while lacking $2 when applied to policies and practices in non-democracies. The conceptualization and operationalization of the concept of internet freedom that underlies internet freedom rankings is of particular importance since the promotion of internet freedom is an integral part of foreign policy and rankings serve as a source of information and justification for prioritizing funding and efforts. Rankings can also impact states’ reputations, serve as advocacy tools in public diplomacy, but also impede justified criticism aimed at states who score well on key indicators. Through this intervention piece, we aim to initiate debate on developing an alternative framework for assessing internet policy. Shifting attention away from the singular focus on regime kind and politics enables us to develop a more complex system of coordinates for assessment.

Phenomenology in Public Administration: Bridging the Theory–Practice Gap

Phenomenology is the study of things as they “appear” (phenomena) to us in their own terms, prior to formal conceptualization. This article traces the development of phenomenology in public administration within the larger realm of interpretive approaches. It describes applied phenomenology as developed by Ralph Hummel and discusses its usefulness in the study of public organizations and administrative practice. As a way of studying process, phenomenology allows administrators to bridge the theory–practice gap. Since understanding a situation depends on different kinds of knowledge, phenomenological epistemology fosters a more democratic public administration.

TRADE UNION CONTROL IN THE CONTEXT OF TRADE UNION RELATIONS WITH PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ENTITIES IN UKRAINE

At the present stage of development of the trade union movement in Ukraine, the issues of determining the place and role of trade unions in the system of public administration as a subject of public administration and the institution of civil society are relevant. The lack of legal recognition of social partnership, and its replacement by social dialogue has led to a decrease in the influence of trade unions on social protection and the lack of trade union control. The latter has been replaced by public control exercised in Ukraine by various public associations. The aim of the article: As a result, trade unions began to participate as advisory bodies rather than as defenders of workers' labor rights. Accordingly, the relations with the subjects of public administration have changed. The aims of the article: to demonstrate that not only in the Ukrainian practice of public administration, but also in the science of public administration, no attention is paid to the problem of trade union control and the relationship between trade unions and public administration entities. Object of research: trade unions as a subject of public administration. Research methodology: a review of Ukrainian literature sources on trade union control and its impact on the relationship of public administration. The results obtained: in the Ukrainian science of public administration there are no publications on trade union activities and trade union control; the mechanisms for building relationships between trade unions and public administration entities are not defined; there is a constant perception that trade unions are public associations and their main role is to conduct a dialogue between employers, authorities and employees; there is no clear conceptual view of the trade union control process, which causes many legal conflicts. Practical significance: scientific substantiation of the use of the concept of "trade union control" in legal practice and in the activities of public administration, its clear definition makes it possible to influence the rights of workers and influence the development of social policy by public administration.

Bridging the Discipline and Practice of Public Administration in Philippine Governance: Concerns and Prospects of the National College of Public Administration and Governance

Bridging the Discipline and Practice of Public Administration in Philippine Governance: Concerns and Prospects of the National College of Public Administration and Governance

The Limits of Social Media for Public Administration Research and Practice

AbstractGovernments around the world increasingly rely on social media to expand civic engagement. While these efforts are motivated by optimism that social media platforms have the potential to mobilize more diverse segments of the public, there is growing concern that the use of these tools by governments can reinforce existing power differentials and create new challenges for inclusion, accountability, and democracy. To understand the potential of social media to expand civic engagement, we call for greater integration of science and technology studies literature into public administration social media research. By drawing from the science and technology studies literature, public administration researchers can better assess the political and social inequalities embedded in social media tools and better inform practitioners on the use of social media to effectively engage the public.

Beyond COVID‐19: Five commentaries on expert knowledge, executive action, and accountability in governance and public administration

AbstractSeveral Canadian and international scholars offer commentaries on the implications of the COVID‐19 pandemic for governments and public service institutions, and fruitful directions for public administration research and practice. This first suite of commentaries focuses on the executive branch, variously considering: the challenge for governments to balance demands for accountability and learning while rethinking policy mixes as social solidarity and expert knowledge increasingly get challenged; how the policy‐advisory systems of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and United Kingdom were structured and performed in response to the COVID‐19 crisis; whether there are better ways to suspend the accountability repertoires of Parliamentary systems than the multiparty agreement struck by the minority Liberal government with several opposition parties; comparing the Canadian government’s response to the COVID‐19 pandemic and the Global Financial Crisis and how each has brought the challenge of inequality to the fore; and whether the COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated or disrupted digital government initiatives, reinforced traditional public administration values or more open government.

Beyond COVID-19: Five commentaries on reimagining governance for future crises and resilience.

Several Canadian and international scholars offer commentaries on the implications of the COVID‐19 pandemic for governments and public service institutions, and fruitful directions for public administration research and practice. This second suite of commentaries considers the challenges confronting governments as a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic and in the decades to come with an increasingly broad lens: the need to understand and rethink the architecture of the state given recent and future challenges awaiting governments; the need to rethink government‐civil society relations and policies to deliver services for increasingly diverse citizens and communities; the need for new repertoires and sensibilities on the part of governments for recognizing, anticipating, and engaging on governance risks despite imperfect expert knowledge and public skepticism; how the COVID‐19 crisis has caused us to reconceive international and sub‐national borders where new “borders” are being drawn; and the need to anticipate a steady stream of crises similar to the COVID‐19 pandemic arising from climate change and related challenges, and develop new national and international governance strategies for fostering population and community resilience.

The COVID‐19 pandemic crisis and repositioning governance: Implications for public administration research and practice

The COVID‐19 pandemic crisis and repositioning governance: Implications for public administration research and practice

The server's turnover on a federal education institution of Rio de Janeiro: the construction of a proposal of action to aid the reversal of the talent's evasion process

Given the current scenario, where the citizen's level of demand for public services is gradually high, it is impossible to maintain the old inefficient practices in Public Administration. Given this situation, it is necessary to reformulate the methods to improve the final product, moving the current processes to an administration of a more managerial nature, based not only on efficiency, but also on the efficiency of the product returned to society. In this sense, it is conceived that such a reformulation should include Human Resources Management, also directing it to a strategic management model, through which people and, consequently, their motivation, take on a central role for the Institutions, in order to strengthen the degree of commitment between employee and Organization. As an objective, this work aimed at the construction of a proposal of action to assist a Federal Education Institution of Rio de Janeiro in the retention of its servers. In order to do so, the main factors capable of adversely affecting the process of establishment of organizational commitment, as well as the application of a questionnaire to 95 employees of the institution, were identified through bibliographic and documentary exploratory research, in order to identify the degree of relevance of these factors, and the proposition of specific actions, such as the creation of a bank of hours for the servers, in order to mitigate or even reverse the evasion of talent in the Institution.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF USING PUBLIC MANAGEMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Purpose. The aim of the article is consideration of the conceptual foundations of the use of public management tools in modern conditions from the standpoint of strengthening the institutional capacity of government institutions to perform functional activities. Methodology of research. The following general scientific methods are used in the research process: system, structural analysis, grouping ‒ in the study of structural elements of public administration and public management; historical analysis ‒ when considering the scientific foundations of public management; comparative analysis of scientific schools, concepts and models of public management ‒ when choosing basic scientific concepts for the use of levers of public management. Findings. The essential determinants of public management are analysed, the objective necessity of its use in modern practice of public administration is verified. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of state transformations depends on the innovation and modernization of public administration tools. The need to study the best practices and models of public management is established in order to create a conceptual model of new public management for public institutions of the national economy. Originality. The major contradictions in the system of public management and the mechanisms of their solution are systematized. Conceptual approaches to the use of public management in the activities of public institutions as an effective functional innovative tool of public administration are substantiated. Practical value. The results of the study can be the basis for further research on improving approaches to public administration and to create an effective organizational and functional mechanism of public management. Key words: public administration, public management, public administration, theories of new public management, neoliberal theory.

The value of alumni networks in responding to the public administration theory and practice: Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic in China

There has been a good deal of research on the role of nongovernmental organizations in addressing public concerns and issues. However, alumni networks, mainly regarded as a platform for in-group benefits between alumni and their alma maters, have attracted little attention in terms of their potential utility to the broader public. But the unexpected vital role of alumni networks in addressing the recent novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China provides some insights into the value of alumni networks in both the practice and theory of public administration. Along with the successful practice in China, this essay attempts to understand how alumni networks can be used to assist in shared struggles in general, helping to solve major public challenges in practice in contexts beyond China, and to extend the understanding of alumni networks as potential areas of study through existing theoretical frameworks in public administration (e.g., collaborative governance and nonprofit organizations). The essay also provides directions for a future research agenda on the value of alumni networks for public administration.

Professional activities of judges as a public service

The article analyzes the possibilities of interpreting the professional activity of judges as a kind of public service in public administration practice in Ukraine.
 Approaches to the interpretation of the public service and its types are analyzed. Arguments about the peculiarities of official relations in the judiciary are presented. The author substantiates the position that the judicial service is not sufficiently institutionalized. Obviously, there is a mix of different shades of service, there is a combination of official and state relations. It is emphasized that the professional activity of judges is carried out in the authorities, is paid at the expense of public funds, the content of the activity consists of the performance of tasks and functions of the state. This category of persons requires a basic law on public service in Ukraine. According to the author, the service in the judicial authorities (in this case we are talking about judges), which has its specific goals, tasks, functions, is of a public nature, should have its legal basis and be called a service in a public judicial position.

ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AS PART OF THE COMPONENT OF ECONOMIC FREEDOM AS A BACKGROUND OF IMPROVEMENT OF STRUCTURAL PROPORTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPROVING GOVERNANCE

Purpose – the main purpose of the study is to analyze the institutional factors that are usually considered as components of economic freedom, as well as to assess the level of economic freedom as a prerequisite for improving structural proportions and stimulating the investment process in an economy with excess raw materials sector (such as Ukraine). Research methodology – the methodological basis is a system of complementary mathematical, general scientific and special methods, in particular system-structural comparison of retrospective, diagnostics and mathematical methods of studying possible dependence, general methods of analysis and synthesis, etc. Findings – the main result of the study is that increasing the degree of economic freedom in Ukraine contributes to structural shifts in favour of non-resource exports. Research limitations – our assessment methodology does not take into account the specifics of most European countries and is mainly aimed at countries of Eastern Europe so far. Practical implications – our proposed methodology for assessing the dependence of structural changes in a country’s exports on the economic freedom index IEF can be used in the practice of public administration in countries of such countries as Ukraine and others. Originality/Value – a proposed method for estimating the dependence of structural changes in Ukrainian exports on the IEF Index of Economic Freedom.

Building inclusive PA classrooms: The Diversity Inclusion Model

Normative management behaviors have resulted in the patterns of today—a lack of equity in leadership positions and policies that are less favorable toward women. Meanwhile, public service values, such as respect, equity, diversity, and inclusiveness, are central foci among the professional standards and norms within the public administration field, its academic discipline and related curricula. Consequently, public administration educational programs are uniquely situated to espouse these values in their core curricula, as well as enact and reinforce them through inclusive pedagogical practices. This paper has two aims. First, to introduce the Diversity Inclusion Model, which provides a framework for examining diversity and inclusion in course design and syllabi to identify areas of improvement. Second, to apply the Diversity Inclusion Model to gender equity and inclusion to develop more gender-inclusive, acculturated learning experiences that reinforce gender equity in the classroom. This may subsequently inform the practice of public administration to re-shape professional norms and create better gender equity.

Municipal Utilities and COVID-19: Challenges, Responses, and Collaboration

The COVID-19 pandemic has put pressure on essential public services. While much of the economy has been shut down, essential public services have continued. Using professional experience, publicly available information, and interviews with two municipal utility managers, we evaluate the challenges presented to municipal utility services by the COVID-19 pandemic and explore some of the responses by utilities to the pandemic. Specifically, we focus on the strategies utilities have used to keep employees safe from the virus and plans for workforce shortages. One important strategy we identify is reliance on mutual aid agreements, where utilities agree to send staff and equipment to other utilities in times of crisis. We also explore the role of a municipal utility association in coordinating response. The case of utility response to COVID-19 carries important potential implications for both public administration practice and research.

Intersectoral component of the structural and functional management model: a methodology for developing regional prevention programs and evaluating its effectiveness (for example, the child population of certain administrative regions of Ukraine)

Modern ideas about comprehensive assessments of the level of health are based on synthetic (complex, integral, multidimensional) indicators, the requirement for which is the need to take into account various (by origin and methods of obtaining) health indicators both at the individual and population, regional levels. In recent years, many methodological methods have been processed to obtain a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative assessment of the state of individual health. Obtaining a generalized qualitative and quantitative assessment remains the most important methodological task of modern theory and practice of public administration and public health. The purpose of the study was to develop a methodology for substantiating intersectoral regional prevention programs and an algorithm for evaluating their effectiveness using the example of a dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system in children. In developing and justifying population-based management models for early diagnosis and primary prevention, we used systematic population modeling methods. The expected indicators of the pathogenic and sanogenic effects of the most significant regional and environmental factors of the dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system among children are determined. Substantiated models of end results for modification of risk factors and the expected effectiveness of the N-factor regional and environmental program for the primary prevention of dysplastic dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system in children. Priority areas for the implementation of regional-population programs for the prevention of dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system in children due to the impact on controlled environmental environmental factors are determined. An example of calculating the expected effectiveness of children's health management through interdepartmental interaction at the regional level is given. Prospects for further research on this issue related to a prospective evaluation of the effectiveness of intersectoral programs to reduce the influence of regional environmental factors on the health status of the child population, in particular, dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system.

Supplying the pandemic response: The importance of public procurement

The rapid global transmission of COVID-19 has demonstrated many weaknesses in government procurement of essential supplies. In the United States, these problems have been particularly evident, as systemic fragmentation through federalism has frustrated a coordinated response. Rather than working together, states and localities are competing over limited medical resources, while the federal government has not stepped in to alleviate burdens on the lower tiers of government. In this study, we introduce how procurement is managed under normal circumstances and how it changes during emergencies. Easing procurement rules comes with necessary tradeoffs, particularly involving equity and accountability. Using case studies from recent disasters, we identify procurement and management recommendations for the COVID-19 response and future emergencies. We conclude that public procurement is integral to effective management in the 21st century and must be treated as such in the study and practice of public administration and emergency management.

Кореляція суспільних феноменів «публічний простір» та «держава»

У статті досліджується диференціація публічної сфери, яка розглядається на основі еволюції інституту монарха в процесі буржуазно-демократичних трансформацій в Європі і США, переходу від концепції феодально-станової репрезентації влади до буржуазно-демократичної концепції. Методологія дослідження включає в себе використання історичного і логічного методів, які дозволяють на основі вивчення теорії та практики державного управління простежити становлення публічного простору, а також визначити його основні елементи та взаємозв’язки між ними. Основними висновками проведеного дослідження є наступні положення: публічний простір багато в чому залежить від репрезентації влади в умовах інформатизації державного управління, а також розвитку засобів масової інформації в умовах масової демократії; державна влада бере на себе функції координації публічного простору та публічної політики; відбувається консолідація суспільної влади в мережевому публічному просторі; подолання «рефеодалізації» публічної сфери можливо на основі досягнення державою і суспільством нових політичних компромісів; публічні актори потребують постійної підтримки з боку суспільства в умовах кризи публічності.

SPECIFICS OF THE IDEA OF PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT AS A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR IMPROVING THE NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

Today the Ukrainian state is implementing the public administration reform according to European and international standards. This circumstance determines the need to study the problems of the theory and practice of public administration of national security. By the efforts of domestic scientists, namely: V. Abramov, O. Bortnikova, O. Zozula, H. Savranska, M. Shevchenko, the issue of implementing the participatory function of the national security system of Ukraine is being developed. Today, there are still few works that address the issues of improving the system of ensuring the national security of Ukraine based on the implementation of the idea of participatory management. The purpose of the article is to reveal the specifics of the conceptual idea of participatory management as a theoretical prerequisite for improving the national security system of Ukraine. The article analyzes the phenomenon of public administration, examines the structure and functions of the national security system, and defines the problems of organizing participatory management in the field of national security of Ukraine. Methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, and institutional approach were used to solve the research problems. The essence of the idea of participatory management, which consists of the integrity of the management process from the identification of the interests of the individual, community, society to the evaluation of the results of their solutions, is clarified. It is proved that the effective implementation of the participatory function of the national security system solves the problem of public participation in political decision-making and control over the actions of the government, as well as contributes to improving the effectiveness of the national security system.

Комунікативний механізм реалізації гендерної політики в Національній поліції Украї­ни

The article examines the practice of using the latest information technologies by the National Police of Ukraine in the process of implementing gender policy; The forms of attracting public attention and involvement in gender initiatives, their importance for the implementation of reforms and the advantages of their application in modern public administration practice in comparison with traditional mechanisms of public administration are described.Problem statement in general and its connection with important scientific or practical tasks. The communicative mechanism in the field of public administration is very important in the context of Ukraine's implementation of the European integration policy. In public administration, the communicative mechanism can be considered as a set of effective management tools for the formation, development and implementation of public administration goals. For public institutions, communication activities in public space require strategic planning and proper control. In central executive bodies, the communication mechanism should be considered as a basic and necessary part of planning various activities and a tool that allows for effective management decisions.The purpose of the article is a theoretical analysis of domestic experience in the use of communicative mechanisms for the gender policy implementation by the National Police of Ukraine.Conclusions. The publication describes the structure of communication, in particular professional, by highlighting three interrelated components: perceptual, communicative and interactive.Establishing communicative relations with public organizations, whose activities are based on the ideas of equality - including gender - is one of the priorities of the National Police of Ukraine.It should be noted that the use of social networks in the interaction of executive authorities with the public should be based primarily on the responsibility of all active actors in this communication mechanism, aimed at effective communication and transparent and collegial management decisions based on gender.