Administrative Practices Research Articles

Effects of essential oils on heat-stressed poultry: A review.

While certain animal species are sensitive to heat stress, poultry particularly modern breeds, are more susceptible to high ambient temperatures. This has major implications for the poultry industry, as heat stress causes large financial losses. These economic losses will probably increase as a consequence of a predicted rise in global temperatures. Heat stress adversely affects various aspects of poultry, including physiological responses, growth and production performance, meat quality, egg quality, and reproductive activities. These effects occur through specific molecular and metabolic pathways. To mitigate the impacts of heat stress, it is crucial to go beyond administrative practices and implement dietary interventions during high ambient temperature. Such interventions aim to optimize the development of stressed bird species in terms of performance, health, and profitability. Essential oils have shown promising in mitigating the negative effects of heat stress and improved antioxidant status, growth and yield performance, as well as meat and egg quality in poultry. They actively participate in certain metabolic and molecular pathways that help to counteract the effects of heat stress. The article discusses the impacts of essential oil supplementation on the relationships between antioxidant enzyme activity, these molecular, and metabolic pathways, as well as various parameters such as growth and yield performance, and product quality heat-stressed poultry.

Analysis of The Impact and Dynamics of Gratification In The Practice of State Administrative Law

The practice of gratification, which involves receiving rewards or gifts by state administrative officials, can undermine the foundations of good governance principles. The implications of gratification practices can damage the government's image, reduce public trust, and affect the effectiveness of public policy. This phenomenon creates challenges in various aspects, including public ethics, public trust, and the effectiveness of legal institutions. Apart from that, the dynamics of gratification can also penetrate the administrative decision-making process. Objective considerations in decision making can be disturbed by the influence of gratification, resulting in policies that are not in line with the public interest. This opens up gaps in inequality in public services and inefficient use of public resources. The high complexity of this problem requires an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of gratification in the practice of State Administrative Law. Especially solutions to overcome the problems of awareness and ethics of state administration administrators, internal and external supervision of perpetrators of gratification, environmental conditions of work organizations and active participation from various stakeholders to prevent and eradicate can involve various parties, especially law enforcement officials, the media and the public to proactively reveal , urge and report behavior that leads to gratification. This article explores the phenomenon of gratification in the context of state administrative law practice. Through in-depth analysis, we explain the dynamics behind gratification, its impact on the effectiveness of the state's administrative legal system, and efforts that can be made to overcome this problem. Our research concludes that a deep understanding of gratification is critical to enhancing the integrity and credibility of the country's administrative legal system.

Inaugural Editorial

Welcome to the inaugural issue of the Journal of Comprehensive Business Administration Research (JCBAR). It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we launch this platform dedicated to advancing the field of business administration through high-quality, peer-reviewed research. The primary aim of JCBAR is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in business administration. Our objective is to provide a forum where researchers, practitioners, and policymakers can share insights, innovations, and methodologies that address the complex challenges faced by modern businesses. I strive to promote a deeper understanding of business practices and foster the development of strategies that can lead to improved organizational performance and economic growth. JCBAR is committed to publishing research that is both rigorous and relevant. I seek to highlight studies that not only advance academic knowledge but also offer practical implications for business leaders and policymakers. By doing so, I hope to facilitate a continuous dialogue between the academic and business communities, ensuring that research findings are translated into actionable strategies.

New Era Business Administration Major Student Innovation Ability Training Model Exploration and Practice

This article explores and practices the cultivation model of innovation ability for business administration students in the new era. It first analyzes the development trends of business administration major in the new era, the importance of innovation ability in the major, and the basic composition of the cultivation model of innovation ability. It points out the existing problems in current business administration education, such as the disconnection between curriculum setting and actual needs, the lack of practical teaching links, and the mismatch between individual differences of students and the cultivation model. In response to these issues, this article proposes optimization strategies, including the construction of an innovation ability-oriented curriculum system, the strengthening of practical teaching, and the focus on the individual development of students. It summarizes the research findings and provides insights for the cultivation of innovative business administration professionals in the future.

Farmer-Agropastoralist Conflict Escalation in Morogoro Region, Tanzania: A Structural and Process Analysis

In Africa, access to natural resources such as land, water, forest, and wildlife reserve areas is a key factor for socio-economic development. The scarcity and degradation of these resources in rural environments threaten human security, leading to conflicts. Conflicts between agropastoralists and farmers are increasing in Tanzania. This research deployed the Social Conflict Theory that embeds structural and process elements to address the question of why and how the conflict between farmers and agropastoralists has escalated into deadly violence in the Morogoro region, Tanzania. Qualitative and ethnographic research methods were used. Results demonstrate that the way farmers lose their land by illegal means (e.g., bribes, force and coercion, and deception and stealth) is a critical factor that contributes more to land resource conflicts. We argue that land resource-related conflicts in Tanzania cannot be explained solely by a single driver (e.g., limited land resources), but by a combination of drivers including the illegal mechanisms used to control access to land resources. Conflicts between farmers and agropastoralists in the Morogoro region escalated to violence following the general patterns and transformation dynamics (i.e., process variables) described in Social Conflict Theory. These process variables involve tactics shifting from light to heavy, goals shifting from specific to general, and involvement shifting from few to many. The analysis of conflicts by focusing on process variables (conflict dynamics) enabled the identification of new factors (culture and age of participant in the conflict) that helped explain why some conflicts between farmers and agropastoralists escalate to deadly violence. The study recommends the formation of a loose coalition (e.g., Elders’ Tribunal) which includes equal representation of members from the farmer and agropastoralist communities which may help solve the current conundrum caused by top-down administrative procedures and practices, which often leads to outcomes that are ineffective and unsatisfactory to all parties

Niches of Agency: Romani Voices and Romani Allies in Compensation Procedures after 1945

The article explores the underrepresentation of Romani perspectives and self-perceptions in historical research. It offers a methodological reflection on the role of petitions in Romani history before unearthing the contents of Germany’s compensation files. These state administrative files contain numerous acts of Romani self-assertion in the face of a rigid bureaucratic system. German Sinti and Roma countered majority society's practices of de-individualization through deliberate subjective action that challenged the authorities long before collective action in the late 1970s. The study reveals strategies that Roma developed to be entitled to the compensation due to Nazi victims. For example, they tried to provoke reaction through rhetorical stridency; organized help from third parties, professionals, and laypersons; or escalated to superiors. In doing so, the article reveals the complexity of the administrative practice of compensation for Nazi injustice, including actors such as the lawyers hired by Roma. Their ambivalent role and interests, which are sometimes supportive, sometimes less altruistic, hold potential for further research.

Interdisciplinary knowledge integration in public affairs scholarship: An empirical analysis of the contributions of public administration, policy sciences, and nonprofit studies

ABSTRACT The multidisciplinary fields of public administration (PA), public policy sciences (PP), and nonprofit studies (Nonprofit) contribute in different ways to interdisciplinary knowledge integration in public affairs. At the field and topic level, we examine the variety and coherence of the disciplinary knowledge that each field draws upon when conducting research. Our analyses focus on citations from articles published between 2009–2020 in PA, PP, and Nonprofit journals indexed in Web of Science (n = 991,627). The contributions of each field are shaped by their distinct disciplinary origins. PA is more insular than PP and Nonprofit, in part due to its need to adopt new paradigms because of rapid, substantial shifts in public administration practice. Although Nonprofit achieves relatively more interdisciplinary knowledge integration, public affairs is heavily influenced by knowledge integration in PP. We identify variation in interdisciplinary knowledge integration across research topics and discuss possible explanations for the observed patterns.

Ideology and Education: Soviet Ideological Educational Practices in the Kyrgyz Territory (1924–1927)

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the ideological propaganda applied by the Soviet Union in schools in Kyrgyzstan during 1924–1925. During these years, propaganda was used in its most widespread form in Kyrgyzstan and education became an ideological weapon. I use the document analysis technique for data collection and collected data by obtaining the necessary permissions from the Kyrgyzstan State Archive. The research focuses on the activities carried out by the Soviet Union to have the Soviet ideology adopted in the old tsarist schools and newly opened schools in Kyrgyzstan after the October Revolution. In addition, this study provides primary sources that are not found in the literature on the ideological educational practices of the Soviet administration in Kyrgyz schools. The Soviet administration prioritized the ideological training of teachers and trained them to transfer the Soviet values to students. The Soviet Union implemented a single educational program prepared by Soviet ideologues in schools throughout its territory. The educational content aimed to eliminate completely the national culture and old beliefs of societies. In addition to the education program, they renamed physical areas, such as school and street names, consistent with this ideology.

A Qualitative Study on Nurses' Experiences Working in Burn Units in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Background: Nurses play an integral role in the multidisciplinary team managing care for burn patients. Their unique insights and experiences in such high-stress environments are crucial yet often underexplored. This study aims to illuminate the challenges and experiences of nurses in burn units within tertiary care hospitals in South Punjab, Pakistan. Objective: To explore and document the experiences of nurses working in burn units, focusing on the challenges they face and the coping mechanisms they employ. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2022 using purposeful sampling to select 16 nurses from burn units at tertiary care hospitals in South Punjab, Pakistan. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and sub-themes. Results: Analysis of the interview data revealed four main themes and sixteen sub-themes. The main themes identified were Workload, Spiritual Beliefs in Patient Care, Nursing Education Services in Hospitals, and Work-Life Balance. These themes encompass the physical, emotional, and spiritual challenges faced by nurses, as well as their educational needs and the impact of their work on personal life. Conclusion: Nurses in burn units encounter numerous challenges that affect both their professional duties and personal lives. There is a critical need for better support structures, including modern facilities, continuous training, and more attentive administrative practices. Enhancements such as increased staffing, unit rotation, and provisions for financial and motivational incentives are necessary to improve care for burn patients and support the well-being of nurses.

The significance of the Council of Europe’s governance tool “Territorial and cross-border cooperation” for regional development: Literature review

Pursuing the best European standards and practices of public administration and good governance of territorial and cross-border cooperation to strengthen the potential and institutional capacity of communities and regions of Ukraine is among the priority tasks of Ukraine’s regional policy and European integration course. Therefore, the purpose of the present article is to determine directions for improving the public management mechanism of regional development of territorial communities and regions of Ukraine by applying good governance standards and tools of the Centre of Expertise for Good Governance of the Council of Europe based on the expertise of the Association of European Border Regions. The following scientific methods have been applied in the course of the research: historical, logical and generalization, enabling us to investigate the state and expertise of developing scientific and theoretical provisions, as well as actions taken by subjects and participants of regional policy when developing good governance of territorial and cross-border cooperation. It has been discovered that one of the ways to improve the public management mechanism of the regional development of communities and regions is the introduction of the cyclical mechanism of good governance of the Council of Europe, which consists of: development of standards; creation of tools, recommendations, reports, manuals; research of best practices (golden triangle of good governance “standards – tools – practice”). The necessity of further formulation of directions for improving the public management mechanism of regional development of communities and regions of Ukraine through interaction and partnership with the Association of European Border Regions has been substantiated. Conducting a scientific and theoretical study of the standard and toolkit of good governance “Territorial and cross-border cooperation” of the Council of Europe, as well as the study of the Association of European Border Regions practices have made it possible to focus on the implementation of the standard and toolkit of good governance “Territorial and cross-border cooperation” at the local and regional levels. The results of the research can have practical value for representatives of public authorities and the public sector to update local and regional development strategies based on the implementation of good governance standards and tools

The relevance of CRT to public administrative practice: The role of leaders

Public administration is poised to recognize that race is constitutive of bureaucratic hierarchies, processes, and outcomes and, as such, to ground our work in a more critical and progressive conceptual framework. In this exploratory analysis, we center Critical Race Theory (CRT) around practice, or praxis, a process that is self-reflexive and race-conscious to address root causes of racism, on the role of public sector leaders. This paper applies leadership research to demonstrate how public leaders, particularly career bureaucrats, can help to eliminate institutional racism. We specifically explore how critical race praxis (CRP) can apply to environmental justice and the movement against environmental racism.

«Безденежные» государственные (муниципальные) контракты

There is no consensus in legislation, judicial and administrative practice, and scientific literature on the legality of concluding state (municipal) contracts with a price of zero rubles and zero kopecks («moneyless» contracts). The author of the article comes to the conclusion about the possibility of their conclusion for a number of reasons, including in connection with the refusal of the Russian legislator from the institutions of the minimum contract price and abnormally low applications, as well as the peculiarity of the subject composition of the state (municipal) contract (the state (municipal) customer is a non-profit organization that can act as a donee in a donation agreement with a commercial organization).

Global Experience in the Use of Unmanned Aviation Technologies in Public Administration: a Review

TUnmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), despite their relative novelty, are already an integral component of the general aviation structure, and, based on a number of complex and sophisticated solutions, including those related to artificial intelligence, are part of the spectrum of high technologies. UAS find application not only in the sphere of commerce, but also in the realisation of specific tasks of public administration, such as territory management, healthcare, emergency prevention and elimination, ensuring environmental safety and law and order, nature management. The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this publication, is to assess the current state and potential of the use of UAS in these areas based on a review of literature sources on the practice of their application in order to solve the tasks of public administration in different countries of the world. The main conclusion drawn from the analysis and characterising the general scientific novelty of the study is that, despite a significant number of specific examples, the breadth of UAS use range can be characterised as imaginary. The main and the only really significant application is various types of aerial survey in the interests of state control and supervision bodies. In the course of the work, a number of promising directions for the use of UAS have been identified. It is also noted that their wider implementation in the practice of public administration is hindered by the lack and/or imperfection of the relevant legal framework, typical for most legislative systems of the world, and postulates the need to actively address these issues in relation to the classification and certification of UAS, requirements for their operators and software, the procedure and rules of operation, the integration of unmanned aircraft (UAS) into the existing air traffic management system.

Occupational Therapy’s Role in Post-Secondary Education Transition: A Critical Appraisal and Classification of Assessments

ABSTRACT There is a need to continue to amplify the value of occupational therapy for individuals with disabilities who are transitioning from secondary education to adult settings, such as vocational and post-secondary educational environments. Literature evidences a lack of practitioner knowledge of assessments and evaluations within the scope of occupational therapy for individuals receiving transition services. The purpose of this critical appraisal was to synthesize information regarding available assessment tools, designed to understand an individual’s strengths, capacities, and preferences for a better-informed transition process. Following critical appraisal of inclusion criteria via constant-comparative analysis, evidence-supported assessment tools were sought and classified into five distinct categories: transition-focused, occupation-based, vocational, life-skills, and self-determination assessments. Results included appraisal of each tool for population targeted, constructs assessed, and best practices in administration. This classification can support occupational therapy practitioners collaborating with individuals and families facing a transition into adulthood, informing the process through more carefully matched assessment.

The impact of sugammadex dosing and administration practices on potential cost savings for pharmacy departments.

Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are commonly used during surgery, and restoring neuromuscular function at the end of surgery is vital in preventing complications of residual paralysis. Recent guidelines from the American Society of Anesthesiology recommend using sugammadex over neostigmine; however, sugammadex is significantly more expensive than neostigmine and may increase drug expenditure for pharmacy departments. This review summarizes evidence evaluating sugammadex dose adjustments and the potential of these dose adjustments to lead to cost savings for pharmacy departments. We found evidence suggesting that the manufacturer-recommended sugammadex dose may not be needed in many patients and that dosing based on an adjusted body weight or based on depth of neuromuscular blockade may lead to lower sugammadex usage. Combining sugammadex with neostigmine could also decrease the dose of sugammadex required. We have highlighted the importance of objective neuromuscular monitoring to guide sugammadex dosing and evaluation for residual neuromuscular blockade. Cost savings for pharmacy departments may be realized by these alternative dosing strategies and/or vial-splitting practices. Implementing practices related to sugammadex vial splitting and dose adjustment based on body weight and depth of neuromuscular blockade shows potential benefits in terms of sugammadex cost savings.

Legitimacy of Community Justice. A Look From the Aymara Communities of Peru

Objective: The objective is to identify the designation of communal authorities in the form of election, its organizational structure, its attributions, roles, functions and legitimacy in the community. Finally, to explain the prevailing norms, forms of conflict resolution within the framework of the administration of communal justice, considering as a source the cultural patterns as a mechanism of access to justice. Results: The study is carried out in the district of Chucuito, Puno, Peru, where the ancestral social political organization persists and the administration of justice is based on its cultural practice, especially rooted in the ancestral historical legacy. In the article, an analysis is made regarding the scope and limitations of the administration of community justice. Method: The method used is ethnographic-qualitative. In the procedural aspect, it was carried out through the analysis of the Communal Minutes Book, where the cases dealt with in the communal assemblies are recorded. Observation guides and in-depth interviews were used as research instruments. The field work was carried out following a program of visits coordinated with the communal authorities for a period of one year. Conclusions: The ancestral practices of justice administration are in force in the Aymara communities practiced by the families of the community and authorities, mainly Lieutenant Governors, based on custom, ancestral traditions and the legitimacy attributed to them by the community population, and they seek to lay the foundations for the understanding and incorporation to the official state justice spheres.

Tax Administration and Financial Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya: A literature Review

This study explores the impact of tax administration practices on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The manufacturing sector is crucial for economic growth and job creation, making it essential to understand how tax policies affect its performance. Tax administration encompasses procedures and policies governing tax compliance, which have evolved over time. Effective tax administration is vital for economic stability and funding public services. However, inefficient practices can hinder firm productivity and growth. Drawing on tax planning theory and agency theory, this study examines how firms strategically manage tax liabilities and navigate principal-agent relationships to optimize financial performance. The empirical review highlights findings from previous studies on the relationship between tax administration practices and firm performance in Kenya. These studies underscore the importance of tax incentives, compliance costs, and governance mechanisms in shaping firm behavior and economic outcomes. By understanding the nuances of tax administration practices, policymakers and firms can implement strategies to enhance economic stability and growth in the manufacturing sector.

Between statecraft and management at the US–Mexico border: activism as counter-conduct

ABSTRACT At the US–Mexico border, administrative practices routinely ignore the entry claims of stateless people in favor of detention and deportation, often without appeal. The result is both a practical and a moral crisis. Working within a critical interpretive framework, using theories from Michel Foucault and Jürgen Habermas, we explore the tension between facts and norms in the implementation of border policies. We offer activist efforts in support of migrant claims at the border as ‘counter-conduct’ and ‘counter- knowledge’: fundamentally democratic forms of resistance to governmental power. Border activism today is rich with potential guidance for further development of border practices from the grassroots to the legislative chamber.

Transforming educational leadership in higher education with innovative administrative strategies

In developing nations particularly in Africa, innovative administrative strategies are essential for educational leaders to navigate inherent challenges in education. This study aims to explore how educational leaders in higher education can be equipped with innovative administrative strategies to cause a positive change in education delivery. A systematic literature review was conducted to achieve this aim, drawing on the transformational leadership model as its theoretical underpinning. The search encompassed scholarly publications from major repositories like Scopus, Web of Science, and International Bibliography of the Social Sciences and Textbooks from 1967 to 2023. The search process went a series of exclusive and inclusive processes and yielded 43 research articles. The synthesized findings were analyzed using a thematic approach. The findings indicate that transformational leadership has the potential to incorporate innovation into higher educational administrative practices. It was also found that innovative administrative practices in higher education can be achieved through staff motivation, technology integration, adoption of agile methodologies, collaborative research, interdisciplinary collaboration, seminars, workshops, and positive organizational culture. Based on the findings, professional development programs for managers and administrators in higher education were highly recommended. These programs would help enhance the knowledge and skills of employees in educational administration.

Innovations, Best Practices, and Distinctiveness in Higher Education Administration – A Case of Srinivas University

Purpose: Research in "Innovations, Best Practices, and Distinctiveness in Higher Education Administration" through case studies of universities aims to identify novel approaches, successful strategies, and unique initiatives implemented by higher education institutions. By analyzing these case studies, researchers can uncover innovative practices that contribute to institutional excellence and effectiveness in administration. Ultimately, the research seeks to disseminate valuable insights and lessons learned to improve higher education administration and foster continuous improvement across universities. Methodology: Exploratory research methodology is used where required information are collected through keyword-based search using Srinivas University website, Google search engine, Google scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPT MLM search engines. Analysis & Interpretation: Ther information collected from relevant sources are analysed, compared, evaluated, and interpreted using various frameworks. This includes innovations and best practices in infrastructure administration, Innovations and best practices in Library Administration, Innovations and best practices in Maintenance of Campus Infrastructure, Innovations and best practices in Alumni Engagement, Innovations in Vison and Leadership, Innovations in the development of Institutional Strategic Plan, Innovations in Effectiveness of Administration, Innovations in Faculty Empowerment Strategies, Innovations in Financial Management and Resource Mobilization, and Innovations, best practices, and institutional distinctiveness in Internal Quality Assurance System. Originality/Value addition: Based on the analysis some Suggestions on Innovations, Best Practices and Distinctiveness in Administrative related Activities are provided. By implementing the suggestions systematically, the university can realise its dream to become one among many world-class universities. Type of Paper: Case study based scholarly research analysis