Acquisition Practices Research Articles

Collecting Online Memetic Cultures: how tho

Using insights gained from reflexive dyadic interviews undertaken as part of ongoing action research, this article positions memes as new and emerging objects of digital cultural heritage and begins to work through the implications of collecting them on museum acquisition practices. The article explores how Stockholm County Museum has collected memes as part of their digital photography collecting activities and draws out the challenges that a meme’s materiality and remix qualities present to provenance, Copyright and ownership. The article concludes that acquisition standards should be remixed to be more appropriate for the cultural contexts that memes sit within and offers some preliminary suggestions on the how tho of collecting. A key feature of those suggestions is my proposal that being more open to alternative approaches to ownership may be more appropriate for these new and emerging object types.

Re-examining “Practice” in Interpreter Education

In this commentary, the authors explore “practice” in interpreter education. They outline differences in meaning and usage of the term, including the notions of “reflective practice” and “deliberate practice,” discuss the importance of high-quality skill development-focused practice (SDFP) in skill acquisition, and call for a systematic program of research into SDFP in interpreter education, particularly within the context of dialogue interpreting.

The Relationship between Attention and Extraneous Load

There has been a call in recent years for an integration of cognitive load theory into instructed second language acquisition practices to assist language learners by taking advantage of theories on human cognitive architecture. This paper seeks to move the conversation on how this integration might be achieved by presenting findings from survey data conducted with learners enrolled online courses at a cyber-university in South Korea (n = 68). Findings show a statistically significant positive relationship between distraction and extraneous load. These results are used to postulate a model for explaining the how the effects of extraneous load on attention can be integrated into second language learning theory. Pedagogic implications of this are the value of explicitly signaling key vocabulary and grammar, ensure spatial and temporal considerations are made when using multimodal instruction, and placing learners at the center of decisions on the blend of media they experience in instruction.

THE PRACTICES OF INTENTIONAL VOCABULARY ACQUISITION FOR ASIAN EFL LEARNERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

This systematic literature review attempts to shed light on the practice of vocabulary acquisition in EFL contexts (incidental versus intentional mode) and the recommendation for Asia. Aiming to fill theoritical gap, the present study elucidates methodological-related variables dealing with vocabulary acquisition Asia EFL teaching mostly needed and relevantly applicable. The study serves as a call for Asia EFL teachers to elaborate all reviewed components into ELT practice and curriculum. PRISMA is applied for the study methodology while inclusion criterion used to key terms in search engines which found 13,653 articles, and resulted into 27 the most related studies within the 15-year-time frame after being circumscribed, comprising publication on incidental and intentional vocabulary acquisition. The findings from the analysis indicated that extensive reading as the main input with additional of other skills. Exposure and repetition for meanings and retentions should be balancedly planned preventing from counterproductive effects. The explicit instruction needs of integration of interrelated components for the acquisition and learning to occur, namely input, media, time length, meanings, tasks, EFL teachers roles, L2 learners motivation, references, and evaluation. The larger the vocabulary size, the greater their engagement in L2 learning and real communication. The pedagogical implication recommends strongly intentional vocabulary acquisition with intentional vocabulary mode as supplementary since the two modes codeswitch in the cognitive domain.

Skill acquisition practices of coaches on the British Para swimming World Class Programme

This study set out to gain insight into the practices adopted by elite level Paralympic swimming coaches and to shed light on the knowledge and rationale underpinning their approaches. Coaching sessions were delivered by nine senior coaches from the British Para swimming (BPS) World Class Programme. A coaching session was observed from each coach and a semi-structured interview was recorded and transcribed to explore their intentions and rationale for the structure and content of the session delivered. Results indicated that coaches: (i) predominantly emphasised internal focus instruction and feedback cues, (ii) incorporated relatively low levels of between-skill variability and higher levels of within-skill variability, and (iii) applied mostly explicit learning techniques such as part-task training and verbal feedback, but also incorporated some implicit learning techniques such as analogies and constraints-based learning. Interview data indicated coaches had limited knowledge of key skill acquisition principles. The study serves to highlight potential gaps in understanding on the side of both research and applied practice in the hope of facilitating future collaborations between coaches and skill acquisition practitioners.

Application and Evolution of Airborne LiDAR Technology for Topographic Data Acquisition Practice in the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia

The mapping industry is one of the areas that is always given attention to balance the rapid development of current technology. The application of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology in the mapping industry opens up a wide dimension of discussion involving industry users as well as academics. LiDAR technology is now a common method for faster and higher quality topographic data collection than conventional topographic data collection methods. Observation data that is generally in the form of high-density point (point cloud) can also be applied in various uses, especially in the field of mapping and terrain analysis. Therefore, this paper will discuss related LiDAR technology including basic information or principles of LiDAR technology, the latest developments of LiDAR methods, and work processes involved from the point of view of the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM).

Learning microvascular anastomosis: Analysis of practice patterns

BackgroundPerforming a successful microsurgical vascular anastomosis (MVA) is challenging and requires lots of practice. However, the most efficient practice protocol is yet to be found. We aimed to compare and analyze two major practice patterns for fine motor tasks as applied to learning MVA: distributed and mass practice protocols. Ten neurosurgeons with comparable experience in microsurgery (but no experience in vascular anastomosis) were randomized to practice MVA either using a distributed (1 session/day) or a mass practice (6 sessions/day) protocol. A total of 24 sessions of practice and 2 recall test sessions were given. Anastomosis score, time to complete a single stitch and the total time to complete an anastomosis were recorded. Mass practice protocol caused a clear fatigue effect observed toward the end of each mass practice trial block. Statistical comparison using one-way analysis of variance showed significantly higher anastomosis scores and shorter times to place a single stitch as well as to complete the anastomosis in distributed practice group for the last 3 acquisition practice trials, and the 2 recall tests (p < 0.05). The relative advantage of the distributed practice protocol could be attributed to forgetting/spacing effect. Although mass practice protocol resulted in worse performance, it still showed a gradual improvement trend in performance from beginning to the end. Therefore, certain adjustments to a mass practice protocol (such as increasing the number of practice blocks) could potentially lead to an eventual performance level comparable to a distributed protocol. This point is a subject of further investigation.

Corpus Routes and Experiments in Language Teaching

Corpus quantitative approach in teaching, which is of growing interest, entails some revision of the L2 vocabulary selection procedures and provides solutions for a wide range of practical problems. The focus throughout is on the discussion of research on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of language which both teaching content and language acquisition practice could draw on. This research regards human language as a rank distribution, which has serious implications on quantitative aspect of learner’s vocabulary. We also looked into the ways to factor in the data from a small professional discourse corpus in order to target the units that have the greatest statistical prominence. Both BNC and our own collection of texts are explored. The study also elaborates on academic writing cohesive devices and grammar patterns introduction, which is approached through concordancing corpus strings to (i) provide frequency evidence and (ii) introduce a contrast in usage in various corpus genres. Striking differences that are evidenced by the frequency lists could be related not only to register, but also to the choice and instances of academic cohesive clusters which are favoured by the apprentice writers and the expert writers. With the aim of capitalizing on corpus approach a number of small-scale corpus research tasks were developed. This study also uses corpus tools and data to give a seemingly subjective phenomenon of hedging some quantitative measurement. While experimenting on corpus in the classroom, the attention of learners was drawn to various means of hedging, such as lexical bundles or down-toners that manifest themselves as important communicative strategies. Thus, corpus was used to inform both the language instructor and the student in the classroom to look in detail at differences in the use of lexical and grammatical units in different varieties of language, address contrasting register variations, and readily provide contemporary professionally relevant examples of actual language usage. It has to be noted that university students have a tendency not to perceive register violations as language errors on a par with those of grammar, lexis or punctuation. Hence, corpus investigation as raising awareness tool also proved to be an effective teaching material generator. Nowadays syllabi have the opportunity to be rather sensitive to the quantitative evidence that corpora offer us; what is more, as a result of this study, we would conclude that university students are responsive to the small-scale investigation of register differences, lexico-grammatical frequency and patterning, which have been brought directly into the L2 classroom.

Literacy, power, and affective (dis)encounter: An ethnographic study on a low-income community in Spain.

In areas of social exclusion, there are greater risks of facing discrimination at school. The teaching-learning processes may contribute toward the perpetuation of this inequality. This research analyzes a literacy event that takes place in a low-income school in Southern Spain. The new literacy studies have come to examine how power relationships and affective bonds work in such literacy practices. An ethnographic method was followed to facilitate a deeper understanding of multimodal literacy. Further, a social semiotics multimodal approach was adopted to analyze the meaning-making social process that takes place in the classroom. The participants comprised two teachers and 17 children, whose ages range from 5 to 7 years. Data were collected in the form of reports, audio recordings, video recordings, and photographs over a two-years period. The results obtained have revealed that the children have been taught writing and reading through a dominant orthodox model that fails to consider the community’s and families’ cultural capitals. They also show that the literacy process does not grant any affective quality. Neither is there an authentic dialogic space created between the school and the community. This lack of dialogue generates an inequality in the actual acquisition of comprehensive reading and writing skills at school, with instances of groups exclusion, owing to the anti-hegemonic practices of knowledge acquisition.

An Optimized High-Content Imaging Workflow for 3D Spheroid Cell Models

Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology NewsVol. 41, No. 6 Assay TutorialAn Optimized High-Content Imaging Workflow for 3D Spheroid Cell ModelsInSphero and Yokogawa Life Sciences discuss best practices for model selection, sample processing, image acquisition, and analysisJudith Wardwell-Swanson, Arvonn Tully, Özlem Yavas, PhD, Mahomi Suzuki, and Olivier Frey, PhDJudith Wardwell-SwansonJudith Wardwell-Swanson is a senior scientist at InSphero, Arvonn Tully is a life sciences senior software applications specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, Özlem Yavas, PhD, is an engineer of organ-on-chip technologies at InSphero, Mahomi Suzuki is a senior application specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, and Olivier Frey, PhD, is vice president of technologies and platforms at InSphero. Websites: www.insphero.com and www.yokogawa.com.Search for more papers by this author, Arvonn TullyJudith Wardwell-Swanson is a senior scientist at InSphero, Arvonn Tully is a life sciences senior software applications specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, Özlem Yavas, PhD, is an engineer of organ-on-chip technologies at InSphero, Mahomi Suzuki is a senior application specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, and Olivier Frey, PhD, is vice president of technologies and platforms at InSphero. Websites: www.insphero.com and www.yokogawa.com.Search for more papers by this author, Özlem Yavas, PhDJudith Wardwell-Swanson is a senior scientist at InSphero, Arvonn Tully is a life sciences senior software applications specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, Özlem Yavas, PhD, is an engineer of organ-on-chip technologies at InSphero, Mahomi Suzuki is a senior application specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, and Olivier Frey, PhD, is vice president of technologies and platforms at InSphero. Websites: www.insphero.com and www.yokogawa.com.Search for more papers by this author, Mahomi SuzukiJudith Wardwell-Swanson is a senior scientist at InSphero, Arvonn Tully is a life sciences senior software applications specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, Özlem Yavas, PhD, is an engineer of organ-on-chip technologies at InSphero, Mahomi Suzuki is a senior application specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, and Olivier Frey, PhD, is vice president of technologies and platforms at InSphero. Websites: www.insphero.com and www.yokogawa.com.Search for more papers by this author, and Olivier Frey, PhDJudith Wardwell-Swanson is a senior scientist at InSphero, Arvonn Tully is a life sciences senior software applications specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, Özlem Yavas, PhD, is an engineer of organ-on-chip technologies at InSphero, Mahomi Suzuki is a senior application specialist at Yokogawa Life Science, and Olivier Frey, PhD, is vice president of technologies and platforms at InSphero. Websites: www.insphero.com and www.yokogawa.com.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:11 Jun 2021https://doi.org/10.1089/gen.41.06.23AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View articleFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 41Issue 6Jun 2021 Information© 2021 by GEN PublishingTo cite this article:Judith Wardwell-Swanson, Arvonn Tully, Özlem Yavas, PhD, Mahomi Suzuki, and Olivier Frey, PhD.An Optimized High-Content Imaging Workflow for 3D Spheroid Cell Models.Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News.Jun 2021.72-74.http://doi.org/10.1089/gen.41.06.23Published in Volume: 41 Issue 6: June 11, 2021PDF download

An Agentic Approach to Food Access and Acquisition: The Case of Mixed Neighborhoods in the Paris Metropolis

How do urban residents access and acquire food? Building on the food desert scholarship, I propose an agentic framework and fieldwork in two mixed neighborhoods (one gentrifying, one working-class suburban) in the Paris metropolis. First- and second-generation immigrants perceive the metropolis as a rich and diverse food environment, whereas natives perceive their neighborhood of residence as a food-deficient environment. First- and second-generation immigrants endow mobility with self-efficacy, whereas natives construct proximity as a moral value. First- and second-generation immigrants’ acquisition practices consider price and types of foods and span the metropolis. Those of natives consider types of foods and center on their neighborhood of residence. These findings complicate neighborhood-centric, spatially deterministic approaches to food access and acquisition, by highlighting structural (access to transportation and disposable time and income) and cultural dimensions (judgments and practices). Theoretically, they suggest two distinct ways in which urban residents find meaning in performing mundane activities: believing in self-efficacy and constructing moral values. Additional implications regard social life in gentrifying neighborhoods, space and place in European urban societies, and everyday life and public transportation in the Paris metropolis.

Actualising Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in Irish-medium education; why, how and why now?

This is a time of great change, vulnerability and possibility for the Irish language and for Irish-medium education. Research shows the language in serious decline in the Gaeltacht; areas of Ireland designated as being predominantly Irish speaking. There are also inconsistent approaches at the policy level in addition to an ambiguous attitude to the language amongst the general public. This article examines the research, policies and recent initiatives relating to Irish-medium education and to the language itself. A core imperative underpinning this article is to explicate a strong case for the connection between Irish-medium education and international research on Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), a field that encompasses the cognate area of immersion education best practice and draws on the theory and practice of language acquisition, teaching and learning. The authors contend that if the language learning outcomes of students in Irish-medium education, particularly at the post-primary level, are to be maximised, now is an opportune time, if not the last chance, to truly actualise CLIL.

Nanostructure quantification of turbostratic carbon by HRTEM image analysis: State of the art, biases, sensitivity and best practices

High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) has been a widely used technique for the analysis of nanostructure of turbostratic carbon. Since the late nineties, digital imaging and image analysis has made it possible to quantify and derive structural properties from HRTEM images. A number of image analysis methodologies have been proposed, based on which numerous studies drew their conclusions about a variety of materials including soot, carbon black, char, black carbon, carbon nano-onions, fullerenes, pyrocarbon, hard carbon, etc. Recognizing the need for standardization in order to make measurements comparable, repeatable and reproducible, this study is a review of published techniques and a critical analysis of a representative set of them. Based on sensitivity analysis using an extensive dataset of micrographs, best practices for image acquisition and image analysis are provided. Measurement uncertainties and sensitivities to image analysis parameters are estimated. A set of improvements to the state-of-the-art is proposed. Computer code for the presented methods is made available.

Knowledge management practices and innovation: A deliberate innovation management model for SMEs

ABSTRACT We propose and test a deliberate innovation management model for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) reconciling the “cognition-action” logic underlying the knowledge management and innovation literature and the “intention-action” logic underlying Mintzberg and Waters’s deliberate strategy perspective. Consistent with a proposed “cognition-intention-action” logic, the empirical results from a sample of 633 Dutch SMEs support our predictions. SMEs that deliberately scan external information (via external knowledge acquisition practices) and distribute, interpret, and create internal knowledge (via internal knowledge-sharing practices) are more likely to enhance their innovation orientation and in turn, their innovation performance. Our study advances current understanding of innovation management, including the role of both external and internal knowledge management (KM) practices and also the value of considering innovation orientation in the overall innovation process. Our findings also offer some practical implications for SMEs to enhance their innovation ability.

Interpreting Past Human Diets Using Stable Isotope Mixing Models—Best Practices for Data Acquisition

Using stable isotope mixing models (SIMMs) to quantify past diets is becoming increasingly common in archaeology. This study highlights important field-specific difficulties encountered by archaeologists in reconstructing palaeodiets using SIMMs. Focusing on the data acquisition stage, we discuss several issues that could confound dietary quantification if not accounted for. These issues are categorized under several broad categories: diagenesis, intra-individual variability, representativeness of both the consumers and sources, and other commonly encountered field-specific problems. We summarize these issues with a flow chart to help archaeologists to select the most appropriate samples for dietary reconstruction using SIMMs, thereby decreasing the probability that the outputs of the SIMM are inaccurate. We conclude by discussing the ways in which SIMMs may not be appropriate for all archaeological contexts, highlighting those areas that are likely to be the most problematic for end users.

The Politics of Being an Archival Donor

Traditional archival praxis oftentimes depicts the archival donor as an observer and recipient of services or benefits. One that can either comply with the rules and expectations set forth by the archivist and archival institution when donating their materials or walk away from the process and opportunity. Despite the historic role of donor contributions in the form of archival donations, donors and their needs remain overlooked in much of the archival literature. Instead, current archival paradigms tend to focus more on the archival materials more so than the people behind them. But what if donors and archivists could reimagine their relationship and the ethical obligations associated with this bond?&#x0D; This article applies Michelle Caswell and Marika Cifor’s archival theory of radical empathy combined with the theoretical framework of political consciousness as set forth by Black feminism. Using these frameworks, the research study uses a mixed method approach that includes a literature review of relationships in the archival field and a qualitative conventional content analysis of collected interview data from the donor case study of living music artist donors. As archivists seek to improve collection development and acquisition practices more attention must be placed on the care, affirmation, and wellbeing of the archival donor. Through collaboration with donors, archivists can strengthen archival practices by centering people and not just the things. By combining an ethics of care which introduces “a web of mutual affective responsibility” alongside the construction of a donor political consciousness, this article shows how donor participation contributes and strengthen archival practices that center people and not just things. The article and findings offer a distinct pathway to better understand the challenges, limitations, and possibilities of donor relationships and the benefits of donors recognizing the importance of active participation and understanding of their role in the archival process.&#x0D; Pre-print first published online 02/26/2021

From benchtop to handheld MIR for soil analysis: Predicting lime requirement and organic matter in agricultural soils

Recent development of handheld mid-infrared (MIR) spectrometers holds promising applications for soil analysis. However, problems arise due to water content and other in-situ characteristics, and compatibility with existing spectral libraries and calibrations developed on benchtop instruments. This study examined the potential of handheld MIR for sampling and analysis of field fresh soils. A handheld MIR-DRIFTS instrument (Agilent 4300 handheld FTIR) was used to determine primary soil fertility metrics, specifically, lime requirement (LR) and organic matter (%OM). LR was predicted from handheld collected spectra using calibration models developed from (1) an existing benchtop spectral library and (2) a newly developed model using handheld spectra. Predictions of handheld spectra from the benchtop model exhibited a bias of 2.14 t ha−1, however this was improved (−0.13 t ha−1) when calibrating the model from spectra collected from the handheld instrument. To overcome the adverse effects of moisture on spectral predictions of LR and %OM, moisture correction spectra for seven different moisture classes were applied to soil spectra under field conditions. The moisture correction for the prediction of LR under field moist condition was partially successful and could correct for soils with moisture contents below the permanent wilting point. Prediction of %OM using moisture correction was effective across all moisture categories, and predicted values came within 1% of laboratory values. This research highlights the challenges of handheld MIR in the field, such as finding moisture corrections, practices for field spectra acquisition and the use of spectral libraries and serves as a starting point for future research.

Talent acquisition in startups in India: the role of social capital

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the talent acquisition practices adopted by startups and understand how small entrepreneurs leverage social capital to address the talent acquisition challenges faced by them, and; identify some of the unique parameters adopted by startups in talent acquisition.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a multiple case study method to explore the talent acquisition practices in startups in India. The study included six case studies on startups in Hubli city of North Karnataka in India.FindingsThis paper finds that startups (especially in smaller cities) face challenges such as lower quality of talent pool, absence of a brand name, inability to provide competitive salary and other benefits as per industry standards and locational disadvantages in talent acquisition. Thus, entrepreneurs leverage their social capital for talent acquisition by handpicking talent on the basis of familiarity or credible networks and recommendations. Incubation centres provide institutionalized sources of social capital to help them attract good talent. This study finds that employee-culture fit and trust play important role in acquiring talent in startups.Practical implicationsThe study has implications for startup entrepreneurs, recruitment service providers, incubation centres, trainers, policymakers, etc. The study provides useful insights to the startups with regard to their recruitment practices.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature in the domains of talent acquisition, startups and social capital by describing hiring challenges faced by startups and exploring the mechanisms used by them in overcoming such challenges.

Experiencing with electronic image stabilization and PRNU through scene content image registration

• Two scene-based methods to estimate transformations introduced by EIS are presented. • The first exploits scene alignment to register different acquisition modalities. • The second uses a laboratory setup to assess the transformation used during EIS. • Outcomes can be exploited to improve and speed-up PRNU matching on stabilized videos. • Additionally, best practices for data acquisition are also discussed. This paper explores content-based image registration as a means of dealing with and understanding better Electronic Image Stabilization (EIS) in the context of Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) alignment. A novel and robust solution to extrapolate the transformation relating the different image output formats for a given device model is proposed. This general approach can be adapted to specifically extract the scale factor (and, when appropriate, the translation) so as to align native resolution images to video frames, with or without EIS on, and proceed to compare PRNU patterns. Comparative evaluations show that the proposed approach outperforms those based on brute-force and particle swarm optimization in terms of reliability, accuracy and speed. Furthermore, a tracking system able to revert back EIS in controlled environments is designed. This allows one to investigate the differences between the existing EIS implementations. The additional knowledge thus acquired can be exploited and integrated in order to design and implement better future PRNU pattern alignment methods, aware of EIS and suitable for video source identification in multimedia forensics applications.

No-capability defence acquisition: A literature review on policy and practice of military acquisition within NATO and the EU

No-capability defence acquisition: A literature review on policy and practice of military acquisition within NATO and the EU