Plurality Of Practices Research Articles

From Modern Planetary Health to Decolonial Promotion of One Health of Peripheries.

The concept of Planetary Health has recently emerged in the global North as a concern with the global effects of degraded natural systems on human health. It calls for urgent and transformative actions. However, the problem and the call to solve it are far from new. Planetary health is a colonial approach that disregards alternative knowledge that over millennia have accumulated experiences of sustainable and holistic lifestyles. It reinforces the monolog of modernity without realizing that threats to “planetary health” reside precisely in its very approach. It insists on imposing its recipes on political, epistemological, and ontological peripheries created and maintained through coloniality. The Latin American decolonial turn has a long tradition in what could be called a “transformative action,” going beyond political and economic crises to face a more fundamental crisis of civilization. It deconstructs, with other decolonial movements, the fallacy of a dual world in which the global North produces epistemologies, while the rest only benefit from and apply those epistemologies. One Health of Peripheries is a field of praxis in which the health of multispecies collectives and the environment they comprise is experienced, understood, and transformed within symbolic and geographic peripheries, ensuing from marginalizing apparatuses. In the present article, we show how the decolonial promotion of One Health of Peripheries contributes to think and advance decentralized and plural practices to attend to glocal realities. We propose seven actions for such promotion.

Environmental governance: Broadening ontological spaces for a more livable world

This paper contributes to global debates on environmental governance by drawing on recent ontological scholarship to ask: What would it mean to ontologically engage the concept of environmental governance? By examining the ontological underpinnings of three environmental governance domains (land, water, biodiversity), we find that dominant contemporary environmental governance concepts and policy instruments are grounded in a modernist ontology which actively shapes the world, making certain aspects and relationships visible while invisibilizing others. We then survey ethnographic and other literature to highlight how such categories and their relations have been conceived otherwise and the implications of breaking out of a modernist ontology for environmental governance. Lastly, we argue that answering our opening question requires confronting the coloniality woven into the environmental governance project and consider how to instead embrace ontological pluralism in practice. In particular, we examine what taking seriously the right to self-determination enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) could mean for acknowledging Indigenous ontologies as systems of governance in their own right; what challenges and opportunities exist for recognizing and translating ontologies across socio-legal regimes; and how embracing the dynamism and hybridity of ontologies might complicate or advance struggles for material and cognitive justice.

Development and validation of a questionnaire on teachers’ instructional beliefs and practices in education for sustainable development

Holistic and pluralistic instructional beliefs and instructional practices in Education for Sustainable Development are often considered of high importance to foster students’ competences. This mixed-method study describes the development and the validation of the Holism-Pluralism in Education for Sustainable Development questionnaire (HPESD-Q) to measure teachers’ instructional beliefs and their instructional practices in ESD. The development process includes a survey to choose participants for interviews, review from an expert team, cognitive testing, pilot-testing and the main-run study. Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and intercorrelations analysis were applied in the validation process. The final version of the HPESD- Q consists of the Instructional Beliefs scales and the Instructional Practices scales. Both have good fit-of-goodness indicators (CLI = .992, TLI = .9891, RMSEA = .030 and CLI = .984, TLI = .980, RMSEA = .043, respectively). The Cronbach’s α for the scales range from .90 to .97, indicating good internal consistency, while the intercorrelations indicate good discriminant validity. The results indicate the potential of the questionnaire for research and practice in ESD.

The “Ashoka Approach” and Indonesian Leadership in the Movement for Pluralist Re-Awakening in South and Southeast Asia

Leaders of Indonesia’s Nahdlatul Ulama, the world’s largest Muslim organization, are working to consolidate South and Southeast Asia as an alternate pillar of support for a rules-based international order founded upon respect for the equal rights and dignity of every human being. Integral to this effort is a regional strategy called the “Ashoka Approach,” which seeks to reawaken the ancient spiritual, cultural, and socio-political heritage of the Indianized cultural sphere, or “Indosphere”—a civilizational zone that pioneered, long before the West, key concepts and practices of religious pluralism and tolerance.

The Legal Pluralism in Law Education in Indonesia

This paper aims to analyze the practice of legal pluralism in Indonesia. A decentralized approach policy enables the growth and the development of various legal systems. By the prevailing of the pluralism of legal system apparently also raises the problem in its application. But in reality, various living legal systems can co-exist. The method applied is based on normative study, with qualitative approach. The result shows that the legal system that pluralism is very influential on the development of education, including law education. Law education in Indonesia is also influenced by the history of Indonesia. The new pattern of law education in Indonesia can only lead people to an obedience and legal compliance. Legal education is not an independent thing, but it is related to social issues. So it has implications for the many violations of law and the emergence of criminal acts. This shows the level of legal awareness of the community is still low. Then it will also affect the legal culture and law enforcement in a country.

Can we afford pluralism in times of disruption A competence-based guide for pluralistic and democratic practice

Can we afford pluralism in times of disruption A competence-based guide for pluralistic and democratic practice

Bude uncommon: extractivist endings and the unthinkable politics of conservation in Lafkenche territory

ABSTRACT Tubul-Raqui, in the Lafkenche territory of Arauco, southern Chile, is a wetland for conservation scientists and state officials, but a bude for Lafkenche people. Wetland and bude sometimes coincide, but they are also radically divergent. This paper, a collaboration between two scholars and a Lafkenche longko, is about the existential and political consequences of this disjuncture for Lafkenche life projects and struggles for self-determination. By chronicling two recent events in Tubul-Raqui – the implementation of a sustainable plan for wetland conservation and the 2010 tsunami – we argue that liberal conservation programs under the rubric of “sustainability,” or what we call convivial conservation, only reinforce Indigenous disspossesion and extenuates Lafkenche lives. We show, as well, that the decolonization of conservation entails accounting for the plural meanings, practices, and temporalities of extinction – since death in Tubul-Raqui was not brought by the tsunami but by the extreme latency of extractivism, or what we call extractivist endings. We conclude by reflecting on the political trap faced by Lafkenche communities in Tubul-Raqui – the impossibilty to save the bude without converting it into a wetland – and to what extent this situation demands for a mode of politics that inhabits at the intersection between the plausible and the unconceivable – or what we call an unthinkable politics.

"Mi hijo es autista": normalidad y maternidades diferentes. Una aproximación antropológica a las dimensiones sociales del autismo

En este artículo se presenta una aproximación antropológica a las experiencias de madres de personas con autismo. Dichas madres viven el ejercicio normativo de su maternidad en permanente tensión habida cuenta de la caracterización que se hace de la discapacidad de sus hijos e hijas desde el ámbito médico. La convergencia entre maternidad y autismo, considerados como fenómenos culturales, sujetos a conceptos y prácticas plurales, nos permitirá profundizar en cómo se resuelve esa tensión inherente al encuentro entre normalidad y discapacidad. Este es un contexto analítico privilegiado para comprender cómo se construye la diferencia, cómo se reproduce en el imaginario colectivo y de qué manera se desarrollan los procesos de integración y normalización de la discapacidad en la sociedad. Asimismo, a través de las trayectorias vitales de estas madres se evidencia la existencia de un discurso/práctica normalizador en torno al ser madre, construido en el marco de un contexto histórico, económico y social. Esta perspectiva analítica nos ayudará a mejorar el conocimiento sobre nuestros procesos de construcción de sentido en torno a la discapacidad.

Nationalist Pluralism in Fiqh Sosial: Ideas and Actions of KH. MA. Sahal Mahfudh

This study explores the ideas and actions of KH. MA Sahal Mahfudh's pluralism as a role model for society. This qualitative descriptive research used fiqh sosial as a tool of analysis. The data is derived from the different works of Kiai Sahal and other supporting works are complemented by interviews with figures who understand the thinking of Kiai Sahal. The results of research on the thoughts and practices of Kiai Sahal on pluralism are fiqh ikhtilaf, the basic principle of pluralism that promotes tolerance, and the state does not need to be labeled Islam. Meanwhile, Kiai Sahal's pluralism practices include accepting Pancasila, fighting for non-Muslim burials, allowing non-Muslims to teach in pesantren, engaging in interfaith cooperation, prohibiting hostility to non-Muslims, and differentiating between religious areas and mu'amalah. Kiai Sahal's contribution to the aspect of thinking is to open up the inclusiveness of thought while in fact, it can enhance the diversity of the country. Based on this research, Kiai Sahal Mahfudh's pluralism style is nationalist pluralism.

Integrating religion and belief in social work practice: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT This exploratory study examines how social work practitioners in England integrate service users’ religion, belief and spiritual identities. The study involved 34 semi-structured interviews with Qualified Social Workers and took a qualitative investigational perspective. By means of thematic analysis, the study suggests that practitioners employ either avoidant or utilitarian approaches, which may indeed be a coping strategy before the vast religious plurality in practice. The study also highlights when professionals perceive religion, belief and spirituality important. Those times are a) initial assessments, b) conditional intervention, c) referrals and d) response to this subject when safeguarding and child protection issues arise.

LOCAL POLITICS AND PROPERTYDYNAMICS IN THE CHITTAGONG HILL TRACTS, BANGLADESH

Access to resources is vital to peoples livelihoods in the rural and peri-urban areas in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh. Through legal and institutional pluralism and various political practices, people put forth their resource claims recognized as rights. This writing analyzes how the public authority and the local State are formed through debates and struggles over the property in the Chittagong of Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh.

Pipe dreams? Practices of everyday governance of heterogeneous configurations of water supply in Baruipur, a small town in India

This article compares a networked and a non-networked artefact and the diverse practices of everyday governance around these localised configurations of water infrastructure in Baruipur, a peripheral and rapidly urbanising small town in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area. Plagued by arsenic contamination, the state has been pushing to expand and consolidate a networked piped infrastructure bringing in treated surface water. This shift threatens to reconfigure the existing diverse infrastructure configurations that are fragmented, incremental in nature. We examine the scholarship on the situated and embodied forms of Urban Political Ecology to understand how everyday social relations and plural practices at the level of the town, the ‘para’ (roughly neighbourhood), and the household shape socio-material artefacts. The shift in the socio-technical configurations, in turn, lead to new forms of power coalitions, network conflicts, and collaborations. Through an in-depth qualitative examination, we conclude that heterogeneous infrastructure configurations and everyday practices are not only gendered but also intricately embedded within intersections of social affinity, intimate geographies, and embodied class power relations in the ‘para’.

Theorizing From the Global South: Dismantling, Resisting, and Transforming Communication Theory

AbstractThis special issue explores what theory looks like from the Global South. Whether it is in the work of the women farmers organized into Sanghams under the umbrella of the Deccan Development Society (DDS) or in the organizing of farmers under the collective formations of La Via Campesina, the emergent work of theory is intrinsically tied to plural practices embedded in community life. We argue that we need to theorize from the narratives embedded in experiences of actors who are disenfranchised from metropolitan/mainstream/Euro-US/neoliberal economics and society. We mark the local politics of the Global South at the intersections of the local and global forces as sites of knowledge in this special issue.

Plurality in Practice


 
 
 Human beings are distinct from one another in each and every aspect of socio-cultural life. The virtue, colourfulness and beauty of human life is embedded in its diverse socio-cultural features and living circumstances. Languages, ethnic affiliations, beliefs and practices. Natural resources, climatic conditions, etc., contribute a lot in the development of multiple cultures across the world. In fact, plurality is the essence of human species. Nowadays, people belonging to varying affiliations of the nature mentioned above are sharing common resources and are in close contact with each other in their day to day life. Accordingly, a number of social adjustments and mobilizations are evolved to cope up with the changing socio-cultural, political and economic scenario of the society at large. This paper is an attempt to appraise the genesis, growth, nature and impact of group mobilizations as well as the ‘working of plurality’ in a multicultural society such as Kerala, the southern most State of the Indian union.
 
 

Video dispatch from the borderscape: toward a diplomatic geography

This article should be read together with watching the video Lines (2019). Video and text explore the complex Cypriot borderscape that crisscrosses over four rival zones of control and jurisdiction. The article reflects on videographic methods and the challenges faced in filming the borderscape. In addition, video and text highlight the relevance of the emerging field of diplomatic geography, approaching diplomacy not merely as something that happens out-there-in-the-world but as something that is taking place, always within a habitat of relations and spaces scripted with meaning and a plurality of forces and potentialities that require negotiation and balancing. The article explores how meaning and materiality are implicated in the production and transformation of the place of diplomacy, with implications for both how we practice diplomacy across spaces and microgeographies and how we study place-specific and plural practices of diplomacy that go beyond the formal state-centric diplomatic culture and capture the cultural worlds and informal diplomacies of everyday life.

Unnecessary and incompatible: a critical response to Cooper and McLeod’s conceptualization of a pluralistic framework for person-centered therapy

ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to critically examine the axiom of Cooper and McLeod that the person-centered approach should incorporate pluralistic practices based on clients’ goals and wants. First, we examine Cooper and McLeod’s argument that the uniqueness of clients means that therapeutic work should orientate around helping clients to identify what they want and how to achieve it. Second, we examine their position that the theories that the therapist may hold about therapeutic change should be subordinate to the client’s specific wants and needs. Finally, we consider their assertion that there is a need to reconceptualize person-centered theory with a pluralistic framework. The person-centered approach has its own unique ontological position based on a trust in the actualizing tendency of all organisms. If by pluralism Cooper and McLeod are proposing ontological eclecticism, then this is fundamentally incompatible with the person-centered approach. In terms of method, the person-centered approach was already pluralistic; if this is what Cooper and McLeod mean by pluralistic, then what they are proposing is simply old wine in a new bottle.

The levels problem in psychopathology.

Psychiatric disorders are studied at multiple levels, but there is no agreement on how these levels are related to each other, or how they should be understood in the first place. In this paper, I provide an account of levels and their relationships that is suited for psychopathology, drawing from recent debates in philosophy of science. Instead of metaphysical issues, the focus is on delivering an understanding of levels that is relevant and useful for scientific practice. I also defend a pragmatic approach to the question of reduction, arguing that even in-principle reductionists should embrace pluralism in practice. Finally, I discuss the benefits and challenges in integrating explanations and models of different levels.

Pluralism in Counselling and Psychotherapy: An Introduction to Theory and Implications for Practice

This article provides an overview of the pluralistic approach to counselling and psychotherapy. It discusses the way the practices have moved from an earlier “schoolism” or “one for all” approach, to an interest in developing and testing integrative practices. Furthermore, the increasingly respectful relating with clients that emerges from taking client preferences and differences into account is discussed. The way pluralistic practice leads both logically and ethically towards an extension of Carl Roger’s person-centred approach, introduced over 60 years ago, is discussed. The need for more detailed outcome research on pluralism is identified, and the inclusion of personal development within counsellor education, to prepare individuals to be flexible in their responses and willing to discover client perspectives is recommended.

Experiences of Religious Pluralism in Thailand: Lessons for Southeast Asian Countries

This paper used the historical approach to overview the patterns and practices of religious pluralism in Thai context. The past research work on religious pluralism will be examined in order to find out what concepts and approaches have been used and how they could implement in reality. Most Thai people practice in Buddhism, and they do not have any conflicts with other Thai Muslims or Christian. They live peacefully and harmoniously in co-existence among different religious adherents. The case of Thai Buddhist and Thai Muslim live together happily in the Southern communities will be employed and discussed using social and cultural capital analytical approach. The factors and conditions concerning with religious pluralism are analyzed more in details. The applications of religious pluralism in the study to other Southeast Asian countries will also recommend.

Gender, sect and shrine: discursive contestations at Bibi Pak Daman, Lahore

ABSTRACTThe syncretic traditions and practices at a shrine can defy the prevalence of rationalistic bureaucratisation and authorised tradition along a number of vectors. One can find such activities at one of the most thriving shrines of Lahore, Pakistan, that of Bibi Pak Daman. Not only is this site unusual because of the veneration of women spiritual figures, additionally the contesting claims and practices found at this site map onto sectarian (Sunni-Shia) boundaries and challenge the very origin, found in modern historiographical narratives, of the shrine. Cleavages around gender and sect increase with the administrative taking over of the shrine by the postcolonial state of Pakistan, which is ideologically determined to wipe out pluralistic practices in the name of modernisation. Interestingly, this study shows that, contrary to disenchantment arising from bureaucratic modernisation, rationalising claims perversely add a few more localised practices giving depth to the shrines sacred geography and make no difference to devotee numbers.