Practice Of Maxillofacial Surgery Research Articles

How clinical exposure improves dental students' understanding of oral and maxillofacial surgery: A cross-sectional study.

To assess dental students' understanding of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) practice areas and examine changes in referral preferences across their educational progression in Israel. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 349 dental students from two Israeli universities (46.5% response rate). The primary independent variable was the year of study (pre-clinical vs. clinical years). The main outcome variables included perceptions of OMFS scope and referral preferences for various procedures. Covariates included demographics and prior OMFS exposure. Chi-square tests, linear trend analysis, and mediation analysis were performed. Students in clinical years exhibited a broader understanding of OMFS scope compared to pre-clinical years. Referral preferences to OMFS increased significantly for complex procedures like facial skeletal deformities (46.2% to 61.3%, p=0.004) and oral cancer (66.2% to 78.9%, p=0.008). The perception of extractions as the primary OMFS procedure increased from 63.6% in the first year to 77.6% in the sixth year (p=0.033). Personal and family experiences with OMFS significantly mediated the relationship between year of study and referral tendencies (16.2% of total effect mediated, p<0.001). Clinical exposure improves understanding of OMFS capabilities, leading to increased referrals for complex procedures. However, several practice areas remain underrecognized, highlighting the need for improved educational interventions.

The Impact of Standing Electric Scooters on Maxillofacial Fractures: An Italian Multi-Centric Epidemiological Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the impact of standing electric scooters on maxillofacial on the Italian territory. Methods: The authors analyzed the epidemiology of the injuries to define electric mobility's impact on maxillofacial surgery practice. For this retrospective cohort study, data were collected by unifying the standing e-scooter-related fractures database from 10 Italian maxillofacial surgery departments. The reference period considered was from January 2020 to December 2023. The main data considered included age, gender, type of access, time slot of admission, type of admission, alcohol level, helmet use, dynamics of the accident, and area of the fracture. Results: A total of 79 patients were enrolled. The average age of the participants was approximately 31 years. The blood alcohol level was found to be above the Italian norm in 15 cases (19%). Only one patient wore a helmet. The most affected facial third was the middle one with 36 cases (45.5%), followed by the lower one (31, 39.3%). The most recurrent patterns were fractures of the orbito-malar-zygomatic complex (15, 19%), followed by multifocal (bifocal, trifocal) fractures of the mandible (14, 17.5%). Conclusions: This study demonstrated how maxillofacial fractures related to the use of electric scooters are associated with complex patterns, associated with a high rate of post-surgical aftermaths.

Ameloblastoma Cases in the Mandible: Experience from the Professor Hamady Traoré National Center of Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako

Introduction: Mandibular ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumour in stomatological and maxillofacial surgery practice. The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological, anatomopathological and therapeutic aspects of mandibular ameloblastoma in our context. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study over a 4-year period (January 2017 to December 2020) of cases of mandibular ameloblastoma confirmed by histology of the operative specimen in the stomatology and and maxillofacial surgery department of the CHU-CNOS in Bamako. Data were collected on a survey form, entered and analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 software. Results: There were 44-recorded cases. Males accounted for 61.36% of cases, with an M/F sex ratio of 1.6. The mean age was 33 years, with a standard deviation of 12 years. The 20-40 age bracket was in the majority (52.27%). In 79.55% of cases, patients consulted for swelling with facial deformity. Dental signs such as mobility, displacement or absence were found in 97.72% of cases. Hemi-mandibular location was the most frequent (45.45%). The main histological type was follicular ameloblastoma in 88.64% of cases. Radical surgery with disarticulation was performed in 47.73% of cases. Conclusion: Mandibular ameloblastoma is common in young adults. Radical surgery is the current trend. Reconstructive techniques are still limited in a context of underdevelopment.

How will the corporate dentistry model change the specialty and practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery?

How will the corporate dentistry model change the specialty and practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery?

An Insight into the Present Pandemic Scenario (COVID-19) with Respect to Maxfac Speciality.

The December 2019 pandemic killed about 2 million people and impacted countless more. SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19. The sickness causes dyspnea, high temperature, dry cough, loss of taste smell, etc., Due to the disease's fast spread, oral and maxillofacial surgical practices must be reconsidered. The World Health Organization, Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India, and other reputable bodies have released guidelines for safe and efficient COVID-19 therapy. This poll seeks surgeons' awareness of these worldwide and national bodies' guidance. A social media poll generated 173 replies, which were analyzed and interpreted. Many surgeons were aware of the recommendations and safety precautions, but others were unaware of the modifications in oral and maxillofacial surgery practice procedures.

Comparison of Pain Levels With Postoperative Intramuscular Administration of Single-Dose Ketoprofen Versus Diclofenac Sodium in Patients Undergoing Lower Third Molar Surgery.

Background Third molar surgeries are commonly performed in oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. Pain associated with this procedure is usually a frequent reason for patient apprehension and discomfort. Oral analgesics, though effective, do not provide sufficient pain relief in the immediate postoperative period. Aim To assess the postoperative effect on pain levels of single-dose administration of ketoprofen and diclofenac sodium as an injection in patients undergoing third molar removal surgeries. Methods This study was conducted among 30 patients divided into two groups (n=15). Patients in Group K received injection ketoprofen 100 mg and Group D included patients receiving injection diclofenac sodium 75 mg, both intramuscularly postoperatively. The intensity of pain was assessed at 30 minutes, two, six, and eight hours post-surgical removal of the impacted tooth using the visual analogue scale (VAS).The statistical data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).The comparative statistical test adopted to compare pain scores between the two groupswas the Independent samples t-test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results Our study results revealed that Group K patient's VAS scores after two hours, six hours, and eight hours were 3.9± 2.7,4.5 ± 3.23,2.93 ± 2.27 respectively. In Group Dpatient's VAS scores aftertwo hours, six hours, and eight hours were 4.83± 2.82, 5.03± 2.9, 3.73 ± 2.91 respectively.Patients who were administered ketoprofen had lower pain levels when compared to patients who were given diclofenac but the difference was not statistically significant at any time point (p=0.172after eight hours). Our results depicted that the pain levels uniformly reached their maximal levels six hours after the procedure and thereafter steadily declined in both groups. Conclusion It can be concluded from the study that both the drugs ketoprofen and diclofenac sodium analyzed in this study can be used interchangeably for the reduction of pain following lower third molar surgery.

Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery Track: Trends and Protocols in the “Jaw in a Day” Procedure Amongst Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practices

Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery Track: Trends and Protocols in the “Jaw in a Day” Procedure Amongst Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practices

Impact of TeamSTEPPS on Team Performance in an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practice

Impact of TeamSTEPPS on Team Performance in an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practice

Trends and Complications Associated with the “Jaw in a Day” Procedure Among Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practices

Trends and Complications Associated with the “Jaw in a Day” Procedure Among Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practices

Impact of Social Media on Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Practice

Impact of Social Media on Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Practice

Anthropometric Study of Canthal Distances and Mouth Width Among Adults of Kalabari

Purpose: The face is considered to be the most crucial aspect to define the beauty of a particular individual. Therefore, the facial anatomy of different ethnic groups must be well understood for forensic studies, research, and also for surgery purposes. The purpose of this study is to establish normal values of canthal distances and mouth width parameters in adult Kalabaris in Rivers State, Nigeria, to determine sexual dimorphism and also to correlate them with age.&#x0D; Methodology: The study was conducted using a total of 315 participants, consisting of 163 females and 152 males, selected randomly from the various Kalabari communities, between the ages of 19 and 50. Participants were measured using a digital Vernier caliper.&#x0D; Findings: The data were collected and analysed using SPSS, and results were expressed in mean ± standard deviation. The mean values of inner canthal distance in adult males and females were 36.64 ± 1.81mm and 34.78 ± 3.25mm respectively. Mean values for outer canthal distance were 99.30 ± 3.63mm for males and 97.91 ± 4.45mm for females. The mean values for mouth width in males was 55.69 ± 5.58mm, whereas in females it was 53.92 ± 3.23mm.&#x0D; Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: There is sexual dimorphism in the parameters measured, and it also showed significant positive relation with age, p &lt; 0.05. Comparison with other population showed the mean values for the parameters in the adult kalabari population differ from them. Data obtained in this study would provide basis for application in forensics, maxillofacial surgery and clinical practice in Rivers State, Nigeria We recommend that the result of this study be used as a baseline data for future works and similar studies be done on other ethnic groups

The Use of Tactile Sensors in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: An Overview.

This overview aimed to characterize the type, development, and use of haptic technologies for maxillofacial surgical purposes. The work aim is to summarize and evaluate current advantages, drawbacks, and design choices of presented technologies for each field of application in order to address and promote future research as well as to provide a global view of the issue. Relevant manuscripts were searched electronically through Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases until 1 November 2022. After analyzing the available literature, 31 articles regarding tactile sensors and interfaces, sensorized tools, haptic technologies, and integrated platforms in oral and maxillofacial surgery have been included. Moreover, a quality rating is provided for each article following appropriate evaluation metrics. Many efforts have been made to overcome the technological limits of computed assistant diagnosis, surgery, and teaching. Nonetheless, a research gap is evident between dental/maxillofacial surgery and other specialties such as endovascular, laparoscopic, and microsurgery; especially for what concerns electrical and optical-based sensors for instrumented tools and sensorized tools for contact forces detection. The application of existing technologies is mainly focused on digital simulation purposes, and the integration into Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS) is far from being widely actuated. Virtual reality, increasingly adopted in various fields of surgery (e.g., sino-nasal, traumatology, implantology) showed interesting results and has the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning. A major concern regarding the actual state of the art is the absence of randomized control trials and the prevalence of case reports, retrospective cohorts, and experimental studies. Nonetheless, as the research is fast growing, we can expect to see many developments be incorporated into maxillofacial surgery practice, after adequate evaluation by the scientific community.

Post-COVID Reflections and Practice from the Oral Surgeon’s Perspective

&#x0D; Introduction&#x0D; Globally, the post-COVID era has afforded practitioners the opportunity to evaluate the quality assurance measures for continued safe service delivery. The preventive measures against COVID-19 have been relaxed and most intense care units and hospital bed spaces dedicated to the management of COVID-19 cases have been relaxed or, in some places, closed.&#x0D; Methods&#x0D; The study was conceptualized as a narrative review of focal literature that focused on the COVID-19 and its impact on the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery and dentistry. The study built a synthesis to describe the post-COVID era and the reflections on dental practice and oral and maxillofacial surgery. Literature searches were carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar with no search filters, using Boolean Logic ‘‘AND’’ and ‘‘OR.’’ Searches of the literature cited by eligible studies were also performed.&#x0D; Expert opinion&#x0D; There is the assumption that all trainers and trainees have been vaccinated and less at risk of contracting COVID-19 and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical training has returned to the pre-COVID approach where physical contact and bedside teachings are no longer restricted. All specialties of dentistry conduct training programs with minimal restrictions on physical contact and one-one interactions between trainers and trainees. &#x0D; Keywords: Coronavirus, WHO, Aerosols, Patient services, Training, Post-COVID&#x0D;

Clinical use of bone morphogenetic proteins BMP-2 and BMP-7: analysis of current clinical trials

Bone morphogenetic proteins have been used in clinical practice in orthopedics, spine surgery, and maxillofacial surgery for nearly a decade. According to research findings, in most cases the frequency of coalescence when using bone morphogenetic proteins is comparable to or higer that the corresponding indicator when using an autograft. To date, BMP-2 and BMP-7 are commercially available for clinical use and have shown efficacy equal to that of autograft in bone defect replacement.&#x0D; This study analyzes existing clinical trials registered on the clinicaltirals.gov website for the therapeutic use of BMP-2 and BMP-7 in pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.&#x0D; The search strategy was to use the material from the clinicaltrials.gov website, which focuses on key terms such as bonemorphogenetic protein 2 or BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein 7 or BMP-7, recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 or rhBMP-2, recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 7 or rhBMP-7, InductOs, Op1, bone and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two stages.&#x0D; By October 2022, about 85 clinical trials had been registered using BMP-2 and about 12 using BMP-7. Most of the studies are in Phase 2, Phase 23, or Phase 4. Most of them focus on areas such as tibial trauma therapy and spinal surgery. However, only 12 clinical trials using BMP-2 provide meaningful results. All the clinical trials have similar preparation methods, and 12 clinical trials have provided positive results without serious side effects.&#x0D; There is a wide potential for clinical use of BMP-2. Many preclinical and clinical studies on the use of BMP-2 and BMP-7 are currently underway; their future results will further explore their therapeutic potential in treating musculoskeletal diseases.

The Clinical Observership Program: A Valuable Experience for Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Residents

Training during oral and maxillofacial surgery residency must include exposure to the scope of the specialty, but success in practice often requires particular experience and knowledge of complex oral regenerative procedures such as bone grafting and implant surgery, as well as practice management. Osteo Science Foundation created the Clinical Observership Program (COP) in 2017 to provide residents the opportunity to spend several weeks in an established oral and maxillofacial surgery practice to increase experience in these areas. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a survey of all resident participants in the COP from 2017 to 2021 in which participants were asked to rate their experience numerically. This is an institutional retrospective case series completed via an electronic survey sent to all participants in the COP from 2017 to 2021. The primary outcome is the subjective assessment of the COP based on six questions in which the respondent was asked to rate the program on a scale of 1 to 10 (10 being best). Categories included: 1) Did the program achieve expectations? 2) Was adequate time spent with the mentor? 3) Did you observe/participate in a variety of procedures? 4) Did the mentor provide additional didactic education? 5) Did you learn about practice management? and 6) How would you rate the overall experience? Descriptive statistics including mean score and standard deviation of each question were calculated, and no other covariates were analyzed. All 55 participants in the COP from 2017 to 2021 were contacted and 55 complete responses were received. The overall mean score for all categories rated by the residents was 9.63, the mean rating for questions 1 to 6 were 9.55, 9.89, 9.21, 9.60, 9.69, and 9.86 respectively, and the range of scores was 7 to10. Overall, residents rated the COP experience highly. This survey indicates that the COP is a valuable supplemental experience in oral and maxillofacial surgery resident education.

Oral Cancer Staging and Clinicopathologic Features Presenting to Oral &amp;amp; Maxillofacial Surgery Practice in Saudi Arabia

Oral Cancer Staging and Clinicopathologic Features Presenting to Oral &amp;amp; Maxillofacial Surgery Practice in Saudi Arabia

Evaluation of CT and MRI Imaging Results of Radicular Cysts, Odontogenic Keratocysts, and Dentigerous Cysts and their Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis.

This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the MRI and CT results to the differential diagnosis of histopathologically different odontogenic cysts. Odontogenic cysts are commonly seen in the jaw bone and their surgical operations have an important place in the practice of maxillofacial surgery; treatment options for these cysts differ according to their histopathology. Differential results that can be obtained from the radiological evaluations of different cyst groups will allow the surgeon to plan a more accurate approach at the beginning of the operation. In this study, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of different cyst groups were interpreted together with their histopathological diagnosis. CT and MRI results of 17 patients aged between 19-61 were evaluated, whose histopathological diagnosis consisted of 3 radicular cysts (RC), a total of 9 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) of which 4 were inflamed, and a total of 5 dentigerous cysts (DC) of which one of them was inflammatory. In the CT scan, all cysts showed lytic, a sclerotic surrounding, and showed MRI peripheral enhancement, whereas solid nodular enhancement was only observed in OKCs. Edema and/or air in the surrounding bone medulla was observed in the infected lesions. OKC was heterogeneous, whereas RC and DC were more homogeneous. Diffusion restriction was observed to be frequent in OKCs. The OKCs were ellipsoidal in appearance and were located parallel to the long axis of the bone, and their dimensions were observed to be larger than the other cysts. OKCs may be accompanied by unerupted teeth. Radicular cysts were located perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and were globular in appearance, and their dimensions were smaller and more homogeneous compared to the OKCs. Dentigerous cysts are also accompanied by an unerupted tooth, and their peripheral enhancement is minimal and homogeneous. However, dentigerous cysts can be dense in content and smaller in size, and ellipsoidal localization is more common than OKCs. In addition to classic panoramic radiography in the evaluation and differential diagnosis of maxillary and mandibular lesions, CT and MRI evaluations can provide helpful information to the surgeon and pathologist in making the diagnosis and may further help plan the operation.

Does the use of a "wrap" in three-dimensional surgical planning influence the bony margin status of benign and malignant neoplasms of the oral, head, and neck region? An initial investigation.

Three-dimensional surgical planning (3-DSP) is becoming commonplace in the management of benign and malignant disease for oral and maxillofacial surgery practice within the last decade. Surgeons utilize a virtual "wrap" to preoperatively delineate and define maxillofacial tumor resection margins. The investigators hypothesized that the use of a wrap is a predictable method to obtain negative bony margins. The investigators implemented a retrospective chart review. The sample was composed of patients over the age of 18 treated at John Peter Smith Health Network and Parkland/UT Southwestern Medical Center who obtained 3-DSP for the pathology of the head and neck, involving the bone, with a virtual wrap utilized for bony margins. The proportion of cases was calculated, descriptive statistics were reported, and binomial exact calculation was performed for confidence intervals. The primary variable analyzed was bony margin status on final histopathology, involved or uninvolved, based on the pathology report. The sample was composed of 39 cases, one of which was excluded due to aborting the preplanned 3-DSP. Of the 38 included cases, one had involved bony margin on final histopathology (2.6%; 95% confidence limits, 0.1%, 13.8%). There were 16 malignant cases (42%) and 22 benign cases (58%). When stratified by pathology, 1 out of the 16 malignant cases (6.3%; 95% confidence interval, 0.2%, 30%) and 0 out of the 22 benign cases (95% confidence interval, 0%, 15.4%) had an involved bony margin on final histopathology. The results of this preliminary study suggest three-dimensional surgical planning with wrap margins is a predictable method to obtain negative bony margins in benign and malignant disease of the maxillofacial complex. Further studies will focus on compiling prospective data to solidify the accuracy and predictability of using a wrap to obtain negative bony margins.

How readable are orthognathic surgery consent forms?

The valid consent process for medical intervention requires the disclosure of information in a format that is easily understandable by the patient. The aim of this investigation was to assess the readability of orthognathic surgery informed consent forms (OSICFs). An online search methodology was conducted to identify OSICFs for analysis. The forms that satisfied inclusion/exclusion criteria were evaluated according to a standardised protocol. The readability of the content was assessed using three validated tools: the Simple Measure of Gobbledegook (SMOG) score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade-Level (FKGL) score and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) score. Most of the 26 evaluated OSICFs were sourced from websites within the United States (69.2%) and from oral and maxillo-facial surgery practices (76.9%). Two of the assessed forms were template OSICFs available from oral and maxillo-facial professional societies to its members. The scores from the three tools found that the content of 84.6% to 92.3% of the forms were "difficult" to read. The mean (SD) SMOG score for all evaluated OSICFs was 12.31(2.22) [95% CI: 11.42 to 13.21]. The SMOG and FKGL scores were closely correlated (r=0.99, P<0.0001; 95% CI: 0.9864 to 0.9973). There was no association between SMOG scores and the number of words contained within each consent form (r=-0.047;95% CI: -0.44 to 0.36). The OSICFs surveyed in this investigation failed to meet recommended readability levels. A significant number of patients are not likely to understand the information contained within the forms. Orthodontists are advised that poor literacy skills of their patients may preclude them from validly consenting to orthognathic surgery treatment procedures.

The scientific heritage of Professor V.I. Luk’yanenko, Colonel of medical service is an important page of the national maxillofacial surgery and stomatology (To the 100th anniversary of his birth)

BACKGROUND: A great contribution to the development of the maxillofacial surgery and stomatology in the second half of XX century was made by a prominent Russian maxillofacial surgeon, participant of the Great Patriotic War 19411945, Doctor of Medicine, professor, colonel of medical service Vladimir Isidorovich Lukyanenko.&#x0D; The study aimed to present the contribution of Professor V.I. Lukyanenko to the theory and practice of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry.&#x0D; Russian literature in the field of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery that mentions the merits of Professor Lukyanenko and his monographs, textbooks, and scientific articles served as the material for the article.&#x0D; Professor Lukianenko contributed significantly to the development of many scientific problems of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. He was an innovator in traumatology of maxillofacial region, purulent maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, and therapeutic dentistry. Many of his editions, developments, and suggestions are still used in his daily educational and pedagogical work and are the reference books for dentists and maxillofacial surgeons of military medical and medical institutions of the country.&#x0D; The scientific heritage of Prof. V.I. Lukyanenko is a valuable contribution to the development of the maxillofacial traumatology, purulent surgery, and sections of stomatology. He has done much in the field for the improvement of surgical methods of treatment of facial bone fractures, osteomyelitis of the jaws, maxillary phlegmon, and periodontitis and diagnosis and treatment of pulpitis.