Practical Orientation Research Articles

On the issue of worldview and values in the context of teaching the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood"

The purpose of the study is to consider the ideological principles and value orientations of Russian civilization in the framework of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" (ORG). The novelty lies in the fact that the third section ("Russian worldview and values of Russian civilization") is considered as the ideological core of the new discipline. In addition, the special role of teachers in the protection of common cultural identity is emphasized. The tasks are to reveal in ORG classes the originality of the Russian worldview, which harmoniously combines a practical orientation with a spiritual and moral basis; to form the idea that the learning process cannot take place completely without discussions of philosophical and socio-historical topics, since teachers influence the course of the history of the people and are responsible for the fate of his Fatherland. According to the author, it is important to give a philosophical understanding of values in lectures so that students perceive them not as an installation, but as a manifestation of our historically developed holistic worldview. The article compares the Russian and Western worldview models. It is shown that the accusation of our Fatherland of aggression was used as information propaganda: the plans of world domination are alien to the Russian idea. It is noted that the question of Russia's survival lies in putting forward its own Russian-centric ideology, which should be determined by the "soil". The methods used in the course of the research are historical, comparative, hermeneutical, and analytical. The author of the article concludes that the Russian worldview is creative, it is original and includes religious, scientific, philosophical and artistic components in its unity. Spiritual and moral constants are manifested in the integrity of thinking and semantic imagery of the Russian language, which has played an important role in the formation of Russia as a state-civilization, being a tool for expressing the identity of different peoples, contributing to the preservation and development of the cultural diversity of the country. Russian philosophy's key center is the idea of the "contemplative heart". Our national worldview is tinged with life-affirming pathos, permeated with faith in the salvation of the world, and has a Messianic basis. The author is convinced that pedagogical activity should restore and strengthen the socio-cultural and spiritual foundations of Russian civilization, the strength and viability of which has been proven historically: only on this foundation can the sovereignty of the country be ensured.

Evaluation of the Teaching Practice Programme of Niger Delta University, Wilberfore Island Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The study evaluated the teaching practice programme of the Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study was guided by three objectives which focused on the evaluation of the orientation, institutional support, and supervisory components of the programme. The study was further guided by the CIPP evaluation model of Stufflebeam (2003). The population of the study comprised of all students who enrolled and participated in the teaching practice programme at the Niger Delta University during the 2019/2020 academic session. From this population, 85 students were used as the sample of the study. The sample was drawn using the convenience sampling technique. A researcher-developed instrument was used for data collection, which was titled Evaluation of Teaching Practice Inventory (ETPI). Data analysis for the study was done using mean and standard deviation. Result revealed that orientation programme and institutional support were considered not adequate, while supervision was considered very adequate. Based on the results, it was recommended that the content of the teaching practice orientation programme should be enhanced to reflect current teaching methodologies, including classroom management techniques, lesson planning strategies, and student assessment methods.

Physician's autonomy in the face of AI support: walking the ethical tightrope.

The introduction of AI support tools raises questions about the normative orientation of medical practice and the need to rethink its basic concepts. One of these concepts that is central to the discussion is the physician’s autonomy and its appropriateness in the face of high-powered AI applications. In this essay, a differentiation of the physician’s autonomy is made on the basis of a conceptual analysis. It is argued that the physician’s decision-making autonomy is a purposeful autonomy. The physician’s decision-making autonomy is fundamentally anchored in the medical ethos for the purpose to promote the patient’s health and well-being and to prevent him or her from harm. It follows from this purposefulness that the physician’s autonomy is not to be protected for its own sake, but only insofar as it serves this end better than alternative means. We argue that today, given existing limitations of AI support tools, physicians still need physician’s decision-making autonomy. For the possibility of physicians to exercise decision-making autonomy in the face of AI support, we elaborate three conditions: (1) sufficient information about AI support and its statements, (2) sufficient competencies to integrate AI statements into clinical decision-making, and (3) a context of voluntariness that allows, in justified cases, deviations from AI support. If the physician should fulfill his or her moral obligation to promote the health and well-being of the patient, then the use of AI should be designed in such a way that it promotes or at least maintains the physician’s decision-making autonomy.

Tacitus in the Discorso politico of Ottavio Sammarco: from threat of war into politics

ABSTRACT In 1626, the Neapolitan Ottavio Sammarco published the Discorso politico intorno la conseruatione della pace dell'Italia in which the author referred to the King of Spain as arbiter among the Italian princes and his ministers in Italy as efficient instruments to ensure the stability. This piece of political literature shows an explicit practical orientation, through which the author carries out a systematisation of the political means to achieve quietness in Italy. In articulating the praxis into formal language, Sammarco looks to the past searching for the wisdom of History and uses Tacitus’ account to build a discourse around the tools and mechanisms for preserving stability and avoiding conflicts. The aim of this article, in the first instance, is to examine Sammarco's discursive programme and the purpose of his discourse; in the second place, how Tacitus serves the author's aim and how his account means a fundamental anchor. Furthermore, it will be useful to trace how the political language that transforms the continuous threat of war into politics is modelled by 1626 in Italy and how Sammarco contextualizes his political vocabulary within the Spanish Monarchy political dialectic at the beginning of XVII century.

Disrupting the Routine: Exciting Innovations in Practice Oriented Research.

Disrupting the Routine: Exciting Innovations in Practice Oriented Research.

Дослідницька діяльність як невід’ємна складова шкільної біологічної освіти

The article defines the place of research activity in teaching biology in general secondary education, characterizes the components of research activity. The role and possibilities of research activity in the study of biology in the New Ukrainian School are shown. The purpose of the article was to find out the place of research activities during biology lessons in the context of STEM education and its place in school biology education. The following methods were used in the study: theoretical - processing of scientific sources, determining the place of research activity as a component of school biology education; empirical - observation, study of research results, which ensured the determination of the place of research activity in the study of biology at school. The study analyzed model biology programs and determined the place of research tasks in them. The advantages and disadvantages of using research tasks in the study of biology in general secondary education are clarified. It is substantiated that in STEM education, the student becomes not a customer of knowledge but a consumer, and the role of the teacher changes accordingly - he or she becomes a mentor, explaining how to use the potential of technology for their own needs and the needs of society. According to this system of education, the lesson is centered on a research and practical task that needs to be solved, not the teacher as it was before. It is clarified that the main role in teaching biology in general secondary education institutions, and, accordingly, in the training of students - future biology teachers, is played by the introduction of STEM education, which has a practical orientation and includes solving the problems of training an education applicant who is aware of his social responsibility, systematically improves personal and professional growth, and reaches new pedagogical heights.

Book Name: Effective Training Systems, Strategies, and Practices

"Effective Training Systems, Strategies, and Practices" by P. Nick Blanchard and James W. Thacker stands out as an exceptionally well-crafted guide for designing and implementing impactful training programs. The authors, seasoned experts in the field, offer a comprehensive overview of training methodologies, making it an invaluable resource for creating meaningful learning experiences. A notable strength lies in the book's practical orientation. Moving beyond theory, the authors provide real-world examples and case studies to illustrate the application of different training strategies. This not only enriches understanding but also offers actionable insights applicable across diverse organizational contexts. The text also addresses the pivotal role of technology in contemporary training programs. Blanchard and Thacker explore the integration of e-learning, virtual reality, and other cutting-edge tools, emphasizing the need to adapt training systems to the digital age. This forward-looking perspective ensures the book remains relevant and aligns with the evolving landscape of training and development. The book starts by establishing a strong foundation, covering essential training principles, historical evolution, and factors influencing effective learning. Blanchard and Thacker's meticulous approach ensures accessibility for readers new to the subject, making the content suitable for a broad audience.

Theoretical aspects of the development of physics teaching methods in Ukraine

The article discusses the results of the analysis of approaches to teaching natural science subjects, in particular physics, in Ukrainian schools. It points to the general problem of a decline in students' interest in learning physics and natural sciences. The authors note that abroad, attention is paid to the practical orientation of learning, while in Ukraine, the emphasis is on theoretical reasoning and knowledge of the laws of physics. At the same time, the importance of taking into account the practical application of physics in modern production in new physics programmes is noted. Priority areas and ways of organising physics education are proposed, including humanisation of learning, activity-based approach, level differentiation of students, modular learning and team approach. The paper emphasises the need to combine theoretical and practical physics education to improve the efficiency of the educational process in Ukraine.The purpose of this article is the theoretical justification and analysis of the main aspects of the development of physics teaching methods in Ukraine.The following methods were used in the work: historical and theoretical. The historical method is implemented on the basis of the study and selection of factual material regarding the development of methodological thought in physics in Ukraine. The theoretical method was used to develop the described historical-methodical concept as a result of the analysis, generalization and systematization of the collected factual material.It is found that the study draws attention to the constant evolution and adaptation of physics teaching methods to changes in society, technology and scientific achievements. Attention is drawn to the importance of creating a stimulating and effective learning environment that promotes the development of knowledge, skills and understanding of physical phenomena.It is noted that the work considers various aspects of physics teaching methodology, namely: the role of technologies in teaching physics and their interaction with teaching methodology and theory are discussed, pointing to the analysis of physical education tasks and advanced pedagogical experience; the need for constant improvement of physics teaching methods is emphasized, noting possible errors and inaccuracies in traditional approaches to studying certain issues; refers to the integration content in the methodology of teaching physics, substantiates the principles of integration of the content of physical and astronomical education at the basic level, and also points out the importance of taking into account modern trends in the development of science; methodological foundations of the development of the content of school physical education are proposed, which take into account modern scientific achievements and pedagogical experience.The obtained results prove the need for further research and improvement of physics teaching methods in Ukraine. Special attention should be focused on taking into account modern scientific achievements, changes in technologies and accumulation of pedagogical experience.

INCLUSION AND LEARNING: FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES

The purpose of the article is to identify the factors affecting the educational activity of students with intellectual disabilities, under the conditions of the principle of universal formation of learning, which will provide an opportunity to develop the practical orientation of the pedagogical and psychological support services provided to them.
 Research conducted among 119 teachers and 32, students with intellectual disabilities (8-10-year-old) from 25 general basic schools in Yerevan, Lori, Ararat, Tavush, Kotayk regions of the Republic of Armenia has allowed us to identify the factors affecting the learning process of students with intellectual disabilities, which cause many psycho-pedagogical problems in school.
 The research was based on the issues identified during the additional special pedagogical support provided to these students, the complaints registered by the parents and the difficulties of the educators working with them, which are mainly related to the organization of joint learning and insufficient pedagogical conditions.

Principles of the development of students' movement activity through sports games in educational environment of the university

The article reveals the essence of the principles of the development of motor activity of students by means of sports games in the educational environment of the university, which occupy one of the leading places, since they are closely related to the further optimization of the pedagogical process in institutions of higher education. The general principles of physical education are considered, namely: harmonious development of the personality, connection of physical education with labor activity, health orientation; basic principles of physical education: humanistic orientation, priority of needs, motives and interests of the individual, individualization; didactic principles of physical education: consciousness and activity, visibility, systematicity and consistency, continuity, accessibility and differentiation of training. It is noted that the implementation of the principles in the organization of the educational process significantly increases the effectiveness of all structural components of physical education, and the content of the principles determines the basic requirements for the construction, content, methods and organization of the process of forming the physical culture of the individual, regulating the degree of joint activity of the teacher and the student. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of the new provisions in physical education is possible only under the condition of the formation of principles that substantiate the theoretical, practical and health-improving orientation. It is noted that the implementation of the principles of the development of motor activity of students by means of sports games in the educational environment of the university will make it possible to use sports games in the classroom and outside the classroom, and to effectively organize classes on physical education of students of higher education.

The interaction effect of goal orientation and mindfulness of entrepreneurs on firm innovation capability and its impact on firm performance

Purpose Grounded in the resource-based view of the firm, this study aims to examine the effects of goal orientation and the mindfulness of entrepreneurs on firm innovation capability and analyzes that capability’s subsequent impact on firm performance. The authors also analyze whether mindfulness interacts with goal orientation to intensify its effect on firm innovation capability. Design/methodology/approach Simple random sampling was used to obtain the sample of Thai firms listed in the Department of Business Development database (n = 304). The data analysis was done by using partial least square structural equation modeling. Findings Goal orientation and mindfulness are positively associated with firm innovation capability. The analysis also supports the interaction effect of goal orientation and mindfulness on firm innovation capability. Moreover, firm innovation capability is positively associated with firm performance. Practical implications Goal orientation and mindfulness should be considered two essential soft skills that entrepreneurs must develop to build up their firms’ innovation capability. Because entrepreneurs are the key drivers of economic growth and sustainable development, the government agencies responsible for the entrepreneurship development should consider goal orientation and mindfulness as parts of their entrepreneurship training program and development policy. Originality/value The finding about the interaction effect of goal orientation and mindfulness on firm innovation capability provides new evidence that was not documented in previous research. The authors clarify that these are entrepreneurial characteristics that could supplement each other to maximize the potential of entrepreneurs and strengthen the innovation capability of their firms.

Perspectives of the System of Additional Education, Considering the Principles of Individualization for Designing Professional Trajectories

Perspectives of developing system of additional education, implemented in the Institute of Additional Education have been discussed in the article, namely: construction of the trajectories of the professional development based on the principles of individualization, interdisciplinarity and practice orientation.

RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ORGANIZATIONS

Task. Risk management, as an independent part of the science of «management», is actively studied by analysts and other researchers. The modern development of risk management is determined by the need for the practical implementation of optimal and effective procedures aimed at managing the risks of the organization. The problem is that risks directly affect the state of economic security of the enterprise, while the enterprise does not always have an understanding of «what risk management is, what is its connection with ensuring the economic security of the organization». The purpose of the study is to form such an understanding and clarify a number of existing statements in this area. Model. The author reveals the essence of the category «risk management» and conducts a study of the close connection with the concept of «economic security of an organization». Conclusions. Risk management seems to be an adaptation toolkit for enterprise risk management, including ensuring balanced and optimal business development in order to ensure a high level of economic security of the organization. Practical significance. Popularizing risk management in organizations as an effective tool in solving problems related to risk management will draw the attention of company management to the practical orientation of risk management procedures to ensure economic security and their effectiveness and efficiency in practice. Originality. The modern directions of development of risk management are clarified in order to ensure the economic security of the organization.

Practical Curriculum Development in TVET: Integrating Taylorism and Connectivism for Operational Skill Enhancement

With the continuous development of the global economy and the adjustment of industrial structure, there is a growing demand for high-quality skilled talents with practical operational skills. This study aims to explore how to integrate Taylorism and Connectivism in the field of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) to enhance the effectiveness of operational skill cultivation. In the first phase of the research, we focused on the operational skill of escalator troubleshooting, gaining in-depth insights into the current situation in this field. Subsequently, we proposed and implemented an innovative curriculum development framework (BTCC), which fully utilizes the practical orientation of Taylorism and the interactive learning philosophy of Connectivism. This framework focuses on developing a course to enhance the operational skills of escalator troubleshooting. Finally, validated in an actual TVET environment, the research results, referred to as the Innovative Practical Course (ETSC), show that the new course significantly improves students’ proficiency in escalator troubleshooting skills and promotes active learning and collaboration in practice. This study provides practical and adaptable escalator troubleshooting course development experience for vocational colleges, offering a feasible approach to address the challenges in cultivating related operational skills.

The Silent Communication


 
 
 The essay discloses dimensions of communicative awareness, which are both local and general in the sense that they are recognised in all civilisations and pervade the researches of anthropologists, archeologists and historians. These dimensions are bodily activities composed of six practical orientations: up-down, left-right and forward-backward. Our social architecture, our systems of practical implements, our spaces and times of orientations are inscribed by both, the specific bodily situations and their silent background in all communicative awareness. Even languages are variations on these silent dimensions of activities: we face the future – a forward orientation; we leave the past behind – pertaining to our backward dimension; there are upper and lower social classes, left and right political movements. These silent dimensions are both universal and contingent.
 
 

Modern trends in the development of design education in universities in China and Kyrgyzstan

Relevance. China and Kyrgyzstan represent different approaches to the provision of design education, driven by socio-cultural and economic contexts. This is what determines the relevance of studying modern trends in the development of design education in these countries, in order to better understand their differences and similarities, as well as to find potential areas of cooperation. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study current trends in the development of design education in universities in China and Kyrgyzstan, as well as to identify potential ways to improve the quality of education provided. Methodology. The methodology of the work is presented by theoretical research methods, including analysis, comparison, and generalization. Results. The results of the study showed that in China and Kyrgyzstan there is a trend towards the development of design education. In addition, it was determined that an important factor contributing to development is the use of modern digital technologies and computer programs in the learning process. It was revealed that in both countries, special attention is paid to practical training and the development of students' professional skills. In this process, cooperation with industry and enterprises plays an important role, which contributes to the practical orientation of education and provides students with the opportunity to realize their projects in a real environment. Conclusions. The results obtained are of great importance for understanding the current trends in the development of design education. They can be used to improve the programs and methods of teaching universities, develop partnerships with the industry, as well as to exchange experience between the two countries in the field of design education. Keywords: digitalization; innovations; exchange of experience; creativity; teaching methods; design education; universities

PECULIARITIES OF APPLYING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE HIGHER LEGAL EDUCATION

The paper is dedicated to issues on peculiarities of applying information and communicative technologies in the higher legal education. There is stressed, information and communicative technologies, in the context of its` applying in the educative process, would be understood as a tool of knowledge. There is suggested to interpret information and communicative technologies, applying in the educative process as a set of methods and technical equipment for providing an effective process of studding and communication on the basis of computer networks. Roles of information and communicative technologies in the higher legal education are formulated. They are cognitive, researchscientific, professional-practical, formative-personal, competitive-motivational, resistant, creative. Their content is opened. There is showed, the significance of information and communicative technologies in the process of the higher legal education is an establishment, formation and development of a subject of the educational process relevant to today's technological requirements as a complete individual with a high level of professionalism and appropriate personal features. There is outlined, the applying information and communicative technologies in the higher legal education has a raw of peculiarities. The specificity of higher legal education, which is manifested in the practical orientation of legal professions and the orientation of training students for work in state authorities, is their determinant. Advantages and disadvantages of the applying information and communicative technologies for students and tutors are analyzed. After results of analysis, recommendations on applying information and communicative technologies in the educational process in general, and in the higher legal education in particular, are formulated. These recommendations provide usage of information and communicative technologies in the higher legal education on the basis of rationality and temperance, and, however, exclusion of the possibility of replacing the real one with a "virtual" educational process.

Ensuring competence and interdisciplinary communications as a method of improving radioecological education

The discipline of the ecological direction "Radioecology" has recently gained great importance in the training of environmental engineers. In teaching it, a comprehensive approach is implemented when choosing modern teaching methods, new learning technologies, distance learning, organizational and methodical materials for independent work of students are being improved. Goal. The purpose of the work is to introduce a new complex methodological approach in the training of ecologists, which combines differentiation and practical orientation of education, the formation of interdisciplinary connections, the development of creative activity and critical thinking. Results. A new methodological approach in training environmentalists in the discipline "Radioecology" is presented. It provides the formation of interdisciplinary connections and research thinking, differentiation of training, the possibility of self-training and improving skills, high level of competency. The theoretical part provides perception of the discipline substance, the new concepts, phenomena and processes, ensures acquisition of the solid knowledge, familiarization with modern achievements of science. The differentiated practical part motivates learning activity and cognitive processes, imparts the skills of solving specific practical tasks on radiation problems, and enhances the level of qualification and competence of the future specialist. Originality. Individual tasks develop analytical skills, critical thinking and the ability to use professional knowledge in the place of production, which creates the basis for formation of a competitive personality. Students’ independent training with the discipline test tasks makes possible to monitor their knowledge, check their skills and creative components at different stages of training. A new methodological approach to the study of the discipline "Radioecology", taking into account interdisciplinary relationships, was used to create the textbook "Radioecology".

Navigating the Nexus between Rural Revitalization and Sustainable Development: A Bibliometric Analyses of Current Status, Progress, and Prospects

Achieving sustainable rural development is challenging. However, revitalizing the rural economy is one of the most suitable strategies to overcome sustainable development problems. The rural revitalization strategy aims to create an idealized sustainable development model for rural areas which can avoid the current crisis and utilize institutional advantages to overcome the survival challenges of mostly small-scale peasant economies. The logic of the rural revitalization strategy lies in its essential value implication and practical orientation for consolidating the foundation in rural areas, including its characteristics and its ability to realize long-term sustainable development. There is growing interest in research on rural revitalization and sustainable development, but the current status, trends, and progress are unknown. This study examines the most recent advancements in research patterns for rural revitalization and the promotion of sustainable development from 1995 to 2023. It accomplishes this by thoroughly evaluating and analyzing published scholarly material. We performed a bibliometric analysis of the literature obtained from the Scopus database using VOS Viewer software version 1.6.15. We examined a total of 403 articles and evaluated them, focusing on the precise terms “Rural Revitalization” and “Sustainable Development”. We found that post-2018, there has been a notable surge in the popularity and acceptance of research related to these topics. China ranks first in terms of publishing the greatest number of research articles. The journal Sustainability has published the most articles on sustainable development and rural revitalization, followed by Land and the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The Journal of Rural Studies published the most cited document. Exciting research areas include the conservation of natural resources, ecosystem cities, and rural revitalization strategies. The research findings thoroughly evaluate academic output and propose thematic areas for further investigation.

Musically-acoustic thesaurus as spatial dimension of cognitive process

Relevance. This article explores the intricate relationship between the musically-acoustic thesaurus � encompassing both musical and extra-musical elements � and cognitive processes, emphasizing the spatial dimension of cognition within auditory experiences.Purpose. The primary aim is to dissect the structure and function of the musically-acoustic thesaurus in individual and collective cognitive domains, highlighting its role in encoding and navigating the acoustic environment and its impact on musical and emotional experiences.Methodology. Through a comprehensive analysis of the auditory activity, the study examines how sonic phenomena, both musical and non-musical, are categorized, internalized, and utilized within human cognition. It considers the sonic environment's organization and how it influences the perception and emotional engagement with music and sound.Results. The findings indicate that the musically-acoustic thesaurus serves as a crucial framework for understanding and interacting with the acoustic world. It delineates how sounds are integrated into a complex network of cognitive processes, facilitating orientation in space-time, enabling emotional experiences, and fostering an aesthetic appreciation of the acoustic environment.Conclusions. The musically-acoustic thesaurus emerges as a pivotal element in the cognitive processing of sound, underscoring its dual role in practical orientation and emotional-aesthetic experiences. The study reveals that this thesaurus not only aids in navigating the sonic landscape but also enriches the individual's interaction with music and sound, thereby significantly contributing to the broader understanding of cognitive processes in auditory perception.