Practical Basis Research Articles

ASPECT-TAXIC RELATIONS THROUGH TYPOLOGY (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF FRENCH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES)

The article attempts to show that in the French and Russian linguistic cultures multidimensional and rather intricate connections develop in the sphere of aspect-taxic relations. In French, such the relationships appear more fully and prominently within the framework of the sequence of tenses. The focus is on the correlation of the action with the moment of speech or with the "point of reference", explicitly or implicitly formed by a specific discursive situation. In the Russian language, aspectual-taxic relations are a complex bicentric or polycentric formation formed within the functional and semantic field of aspectual-temporal relations. Bipolar structures (the so-called taxi pair) are most often considered, one of which is positioned as supporting while the other as a dependent one. The purpose of the study was to identify the inter-categorical relationships that are between the categories of aspect and taxis within the designated linguistic cultures. Materials and methods. The theoretical basis for the proposed analysis is the research which, in our view, most fully covers the issues discussed in the article. The practical basis is the empirical material reflecting complicated and rather filigree relationships of studied in the article grammatical categories. In accordance with the objective, comparative and descriptive methods were used as a methodological basis for linguistic review of factual material. The results of the analysis made during the research may be considered in studying separate sections of theoretical and practical grammar of the French language. The results of the proposed analysis may be used in special courses and special seminars on the contrastive study of languages of different typological nature, as well as serve as a basis for special courses and special seminars on aspectology.

Comparative Study on the Digital Economy Development Based on TOPSIS Comprehensive Evaluation: A Case Study of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

Promoting the digital economy in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River can not only boost the development of e-commerce, energy science and technology and other industries, but also pave the theoretical way for the digital economy development in various regions, so as to further provide an important practical basis for achieving high-quality economic growth. In this paper, seven provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are taken as the research objects. Meanwhile, the development and different trends of the digital economy in each region are quantitatively analyzed and compared to propose suggestions for better development of the digital economy in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. On this basis, this paper first constructs the evaluation and measurement model of the digital economy development, and then gives the weights to the relevant indices through the analytic hierarchy process. After that, the regions in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are scored and compared via the TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation, which identifies that the mobile phone penetration, the number of Internet broadband access ports and the telecom business income are vital indices to accelerate the digital economy development. Finally, this paper argues that governments should increase investment in digital infrastructure construction and promote the deep integration of digital technology and industry.

역사 특성이 역세권 상권 매출액에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants of commercial sales of these industries located in the station influence area and to clearly identify the difference. The subjects of this study are beauty salons for service businesses, coffee/drinks for restaurants, and convenience stores for retail businesses, and these industries are characterized by the fact that the number of businesses in the top 100 living sectors selected by the National Tax Service is within the 15th place and are mainly concentrated in the station influence area. As a result of the analysis, it was found that hair salons, coffee/drink stores, and convenience stores were affected by sales differently depending on the characteristics of subway stations, regional characteristics, and location characteristics, respectively. This study aimed to serve as an objective and practical basis for decision-making by prospective entrepreneurs or related policy makers, targeting beauty salons, coffee/drink stores, and convenience stores that are close to people's lives and have a high influence in the station area. However, due to the limitations of available data, the characteristics of individual stores cannot be examined, and the study is limited to specific industries.

An investigation into accidents in laboratories in universities in China caused by human error: A study based on improved CREAM and SPAR-H

Although considerable research has been devoted to improving safety in university laboratories, accidents, in that environment, have still occurred frequently at the cost of serious injury or even death of laboratory personnel. Currently, few Human Reliability Analyses (HRA) have been conducted with respect to a university laboratory. The aim of the research was to conduct a reliability study relating to human behaviour in a university laboratory to explore quantitatively the causes and influencing factors relating to the frequency of laboratory accidents. Improved Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) and improved Standardized Plant Analysis Risk HRA (SPAR-H) were employed to assess Human Error Probability (HEP) of 23 subjects. The HEP calculated through improved CREAM proved more accurate than results obtained through improved SPAR-H. Unexpectedly, the results demonstrated that under similar environmental conditions, the HEP of subjects did not decrease with an increase in educational background, including additional experimental time and experience. Moreover, environmental conditions exerted greater impact on personnel reliability than Human Inherent Factors (HIFs) in laboratories. It is anticipated that the study would provide valuable insights, in respect of research methods, and to serve as a practical basis for lowering the accident rate in university laboratories.

PARTICULARITĂȚI ALE TULBURĂRILOR DE PERSONALITATE LA PREADOLESCENȚII CARE PROVIN DIN FAMILIILE DIVORȚATE

The association between family tensions caused by transitions in parental separation and the effects of the child's adjustment to changes in separation has also been established in numerous studies. The aim of this study was to identify personality disorders in preadolescents living in divorced families compared to those in harmonious, non-divorced families, to facilitate the structuring of psychological interventions oriented/focused on ameliorating these disorders. The sample included 125 children with divorced parents and 103 children from organized families (N = 228 respondents). Self-reported data were collected using the Millon Pre-Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MPACI), authors Theodore Millon, Ph.D., DSc, Carrie Millon, Ph.D., Robert Tringone, Ph.D., Seth Grossman, PsyD. and Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC), authors I. Mervielde, Ph.D. Filip de Fruyt, Ph.D to capture trends in preadolescent personality traits in the context of divorce. The results obtained on personality characteristics of children from divorced families showed significantly differentiated scores on emerging personality patterns compared to the results reported by children from non-divorced families. Specifically, both on the MPACI, the preadolescents showed impaired psychological development in general, an imbalance in the emerging personality pattern (consistent presence of Conformist,Inhibited, Unstable patterns) and on the HiPIC with respect to Emotional Stability, Extraversion, Imagination and Conscientiousness. Our results help to complete the theoretical and practical bases of psychological science with information on the specific disorders that can be caused in children exposed, directly or indirectly, to conflict situations between their divorced parents.

DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AND THEIR OPERATORS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The relevance of the research topic is to consider the genesis of the legislative consolidation of the legal status of digital intermediaries, namely, the operator of the information system and the operator of the exchange of digital financial assets. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of an information system operator and a digital financial assets exchange operator in the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the article is manifested in the formulation of the provision that one of the main advantages of an information system based on a distributed registry is that the very technical properties of such a system allow for the issuance, accounting and circulation of digital financial assets without the participation of digital intermediaries due to the fact that this digital system already contains records of all changes being made, and therefore a priori is valid. Materials and methods. The paper presents an analysis of the current legislation, judicial practice and scientific doctrine on the problematic issue of the legal status of digital intermediaries – the operator of the information system and the operator of the exchange of digital financial assets. In addition, it provides comments on the relevant provisions of the digital financial assets Law. Results. In accordance with the legislation on the digital financial assets, the operator of an information system where digital financial assets are issued is recognized as a legal entity whose personal law is the Russian law and who is included in the register of information system operators by the Bank of Russia. The tasks of the information system operator mainly include ensuring the proper uninterrupted functioning of information systems. To complete the tasks, the information system operator must approve the rules of its information system and coordinate them with the Bank of Russia. Transactions permitted by the Russian law with the digital financial assets are made through the digital financial assets exchange operator, which collects and compares applications for such transactions or participates at its own expense in the transaction as a party in the interests of third parties. Digital financial assets exchange operators are credit organizations, trade organizers, as well as other legal entities that meet the requirements and are included by the Bank of Russia in the register of digital financial assets exchange operators. The theoretical and practical significance of the study consists in the identification by the authors of such a fundamental feature of the digital financial assets as non-mediation, which is a priori inherent in the digital financial assets, but, unfortunately, the Russian legislator rejected the corresponding legal regime of the digital financial assets. In this regard, third parties – digital intermediaries, namely the operator of the information system and the operator of the exchange of digital financial assets, are actually involved in the relations that are developing regarding the issuance, accounting and circulation of digital financial assets. Conclusions. The authors concluded on the basis of judicial practice that the viability of the legal norms considered in the article is questionable, since at the moment there are no disputes around the digital financial assets.

Analysis of the Treatment for Advanced Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer in Middle-Aged and Elderly People

Microsatellite stabilized (MSS) rectal cancer is a highly prevalent cancer in the middle-aged and elderly population. There exists some expertise in detecting and evaluating the chemotherapy effect in advanced colorectal cancer patients. Multiple studies have combined targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy as a breakthrough. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have certain therapeutic effects in the treatment of MSS rectal cancer patients. The combination of PD-1 inhibitors and furoquinib can improve the disease control rate (DCR) and progression- free survival (PFS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with advanced MSS, and the adverse reactions are controllable. The combination of erlotinib hydrochloride and Xindilizumab was more effective in treating MSS-type colorectal cancer patients than clinical standard treatment. This study analyzes the various treatment methods for MSS-type CRC in middle- aged and elderly people to provide a reference basis in clinical practice.

Organised forms of online fraud: types, content and elements of forensic characteristics

The use of modern technology by fraudsters to cheat citizens has become one of the attributes of nowadays: organised forms of online fraud have emerged. Insufficient attention is paid to this topic in the scientific literature. The authors of this study have attempted to systematise the forms of organised online fraud and outline its structural elements. This article is the first one in a cycle of three articles devoted to this topic. The authors identify the most typical types of organised forms of online fraud from the vast array of fraud manifestations and analyse the specifics of their criminalistic characteristics. Types of online fraud organised forms are systematised in the study; their characterological features and mechanisms of achieving the criminal result are highlighted. On the basis of theory and law enforcement practice, online fraud organised forms’ key types are identified with some of these crimes’ criminalistic typisation characterised.

Comprehensive assessment of exposure and environmental risk of potentially toxic elements in surface water and sediment across China: A synthesis study

China faces a serious challenge with water pollution posed by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Comprehensive and reliable environmental risk assessment is paramount for precise pollution prevention and control. Previous studies generally focused on a single environmental compartment within small regions, and the uncertainty in risk calculation is not fully considered. This study revealed the current exposure status of 11 PTEs in surface water and sediment across China using previously reported concentration data in 301 well-screened articles. Ecological and human health risks were evaluated and the uncertainty related to calculation parameters and exposure dataset were quantified. PTEs of high concern were further identified. Results showed Mn and Zn had the highest concentration levels, while Hg and Cd had the lowest concentrations in both surface water and sediment. Risk assessment of individual PTE showed that high-risk PTEs varied by risk receptors and environmental compartments. Nationwide, the probability of aquatic organisms being affected by Mn, Zn, Cu, and As in surface water exceeded 10 %. In sediment, Cd and Hg exhibited high and considerable risk, respectively. As was identified as the major PTE threatening human health as its carcinogenic risk was 1.45 × 10−4 through direct ingestion. Combined risk assessment showed the PTE mixture in surface water and sediment posed medium and high ecological risk with the risk quotient and potential ecological risk index of 1.76 and 558.36, respectively. Adverse health effects through incidental ingestion and dermal contact during swimming were negligible. This study provides a nationwide risk assessment of PTEs in China's aquatic environment and the robustness is verified, which can serve as a practical basis for policymakers to guide the early warning and precise management of water pollution.

Janus Membranes Patch Achieves High-Quality Tendon Repair: Inhibiting Exogenous Healing and Promoting Endogenous Healing.

The imbalance between endogenous and exogenous healing is the fundamental reason for the poor tendon healing. In this study, a Janus patch was developed to promote endogenous healing and inhibit exogenous healing, leading to improved tendon repair. The upper layer of the patch is a poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)/polycaprolactone (PLGA/PCL) nanomembrane (PMCP-NM) modified with poly(2-methylacryloxyethyl phosphocholine) (PMPC), which created a lubricated and antifouling surface, preventing cell invasion and mechanical activation. The lower layer is a PLGA/PCL fiber membrane loaded with fibrin (Fb) (Fb-NM), serving as a temporary chemotactic scaffold to regulate the regenerative microenvironment. In vitro, the Janus patch effectively reduced 92.41% cell adhesion and 79.89% motion friction. In vivo, the patch inhibited tendon adhesion through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and promoted tendon maturation. This Janus patch is expected to provide a practical basis and theoretical guidance for high-quality soft tissue repair.

A Review of Common Interventions and Preventive Options Used in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar fasciitis is a frequent, chronic ailment that significantly affects day-to-day functioning. This review takes a deep look at the different therapies and preventions used in the treatment of this condition to improve foot function, reduce pain, and improve patient outcomes. The efficacy of common treatment options such as physical therapy, medication, stretching, night splints, therapeutic ultrasound, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy has been mentioned again in this study. Moreover, the importance of injection treatment and surgery also play a significant role in the management of plantar fasciitis. In addition to conventional treatment, the health care professional also needs to pay attention to the prevention of this overuse foot injury. The available approaches involve stretching the particular posterior muscles of the low limbs. Eventually, the impact of interdisciplinary considerations, including physiological factors and strength training methods, on plantar fasciitis was explored in order to provide a certain theoretical basis for clinical practice.

Gas-to-Biochar Byproducts of Pyrolysis and Gasification of Star Anise Biomass

In a transition to a circular economy, second-generation biomass energy has come to the forefront. The present study is aimed at characterizing biochar and byproducts of the pyrolysis of star anise residue (ANI) in the N2 and CO2 atmospheres as well as the kinetics and optimal reaction mechanisms based on the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Coats-Redfern methods. The ANI pyrolysis involved three stages, with the first one (161.5–559.1°C) as the main phase. The activation energy was lower in the N2 atmosphere than in the CO2 atmosphere (179.44–190.17 kJ/mol). The primary volatile products generated during the ANI pyrolysis were small molecule products (H2O, CO2, CO, and CH4), organic acids, alcohols, and ketones. The atmosphere type exerted a minimal impact on the types of gases released, with the CO2 atmosphere increasing CO and CH4 emissions. The pyrolytic oil of ANI contained a variety of organic compounds, including alcohols, phenols, ketones, acids, sugars, and other nitrogen- and oxygen-containing cyclic compounds, with its predominant compounds being acids, esters, ketones, and sugars. The elevated temperature range of 300–700°C enhanced the charring degree of the ANI biochar. The biochar showed stronger aromaticity in the CO2 atmosphere but better granularity in the N2 atmosphere. This study introduced an innovative perspective by showcasing the potential of ANI as a promising biomass source for energy generation and underscored its abundance, sustainability, and applicability as a raw material in fragrance production. It also emphasized the significance of CO2-reuse technology as a means to mitigate CO2 emissions. The findings of this work offer a theoretical and practical basis for the comprehensive utilization and efficient disposal of star anise residues.

National expert consensus on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy (2024 version)

Diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy possess the characteristics of high incidence, slow healing, and poor prognosis, which may eventually lead to amputation or even life-threatening if not treated properly. The treatment of complicated lower extremity vasculopathy is vital to improve the healing process of diabetic foot ulcers, which has gradually received attention in clinical practice. Recently, a number of clinical trials on diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy were reported. In order to further standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy, an expert group headed by Burns and Trauma Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society, Chinese Burn Association, and Wound Repair Professional Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association deliberated and compiled the National expert consensus on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy (2024 version) together. This consensus is based on evidences from the literature, covers the disease characteristics, evidence-based evidence of clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as the application of new technologies and new treatment approaches of diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy. The goal of this consensus is to provide clear guidance to practitioners on the best approaches for screening, diagnosing, and treating diabetic foot ulcers complicated with lower extremity vasculopathy in individuals, hoping to provide a normative clinical practice basis for medical staff engaged in the treatment of diabetic foot wounds.

Comparison of Different Models to Simulate Forest Fire Spread: A Case Study

With the development of computer technology, forest fire spread simulation using computers has gradually developed. According to the existing research on forest fire spread, the models established in various countries have typical regional characteristics. A fire spread model established in a specific region is only suitable for the local area, and there is still a great deal of uncertainty as to whether or not the established model is suitable for fire spread simulation for the same fuel in other regions. Although many fire spread models have been established, the fuel characteristics applicable to each model, such as the fuel loading, fuel moisture content, combustibility, etc., are not similar. It is necessary to evaluate the applicability of different fuel characteristics to different fire spread models. We combined ground investigation, historical data collection, model improvements, and statistical analysis to establish a multi-model forest fire spread simulation method (FIRER) that shows the burning time, perimeter, burning area, overlap area, and spread rate of fire sites. This method is a large-scale, high-resolution fire growth model based on fire spread in eight directions on a regular 30 m grid. This method could use any one of four different physical models (McArthur, Rothermel, FBP, and Wang Zhengfei (China)) for fire behavior. This method has an option to represent fire breaks from roads, rivers, and fire suppression. We can evaluate which model is more suitable in a specific area. This method was tested on a single historical lightning fire in the Daxing’an Mountains. Different scenarios were tested and compared: using each of the four fire behavior models, with fire breaks on or off, and with a single or suspected double fire ignition location of the historical fire. The results show that the Rothermel model is the best model in the simulation of the Hanma lightning fire; the overlap area is 5694.4 hm2. Meanwhile, the real fire area in FIRER is 5800.9 hm2; both the Kappa and Sørensen values exceed 0.8, providing high accuracy in fire spread simulations. FIRER performs well in the automatic identification of fire break zones and multiple ignited points. Compared with FARSITE, FIRER performs well in predicting accuracy. Compared with BehavePlus, FIRER also has advantages in simulating large-scale fire spread. However, the complex data preparation stage of FIRER means that FIRER still has great room for improvement. This research provides a practical basis for the comparison of the practicability and applicability of various fire spread models and provides more effective practical tools and a scientific basis for decision-making and the management of fighting forest fires.

한국 대학 환경교육에 대한 비판적 고찰

Objectives This study critically examines the challenges of environmental education in higher education in order to discuss future directions of the environmental education system and strengthen its theoretical and practical basis.
 Methods By focusing on a case study of a liberal arts course, ‘Climate Change and the Anthropocene’, the learning process is analyzed following the progression of the curriculum. The students' environmental awareness and the potentiality of environmental action are observed.
 Results As a result of the study, the students strengthened their pre-existing awareness of the socioeconomic mechanism that structures climate change and reflected on their environmental behavior by connecting it to their daily lives. Regarding specific issues, they had various positions within a broad spectrum, showing the potential to continue with their own concerns and challenges as well as a tendency to conform to the norm, avoid exploring fundamental changes, and sustain the status quo.
 Conclusions The need to focus on theoretical and methodological discussions on how environmental education in higher education as well as primary and secondary education systems can be more coherent and efficient is emphasized.

Activity of youth movements in Ukraine at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries

The purpose of the study is to analyze the evolution of the youth protest movement in Ukraine in the late 1990s - early 2000s. A comparative historical method and an interdisciplinary approach are applied. The author’s scientific contribution consists in the fact that for the first time in Russian historiography, such problems as the role of Ukrainian youth and students in the Revolution on granite and the “Ukraine without Kuchma” campaign are seriously studied, as well as the history of the creation of the youth organization “Pora”, which was destined to play one of the key roles in the Orange revolution in Ukraine at the end of 2004. The author comes to the conclusion that the genesis of the Ukrainian youth protest movement at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries is distinguished by a significant originality, and its result was the emergence of a phenomenon unique for the Ukrainian socio-political space - the organization “Pora”. It is emphasized that this structure was created on the theoretical and practical basis of previous anti-government campaigns, in which Ukrainian youth took a direct part. At the same time, it was guided by the experience of similar foreign movements that had previously successfully applied the methodology of nonviolent struggle against the ruling regimes developed in the West. Like its European associates, “Pora” has made a significant contribution to the victory of the Color revolution in its own state.

Turkey and Pan-Turkism Influence on the Development of New National Identities in the Caspian Region: The Evidence from Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan

The article focuses on how Turkey and Pan-Turkish ideology influenced the development of new national identities in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan and the results of this influence. The theoretical basis of this study lies in the concept of transnational political spaces (ethno-worlds), which form new identities due to the spread of cultural patterns. The practical basis of this study entails a synthesis of several sociological methods: content analysis of data published from January 2, 2022, to July 31, 2023, collected according to specified criteria; surveys in the form of an electronic questionnaire; and a set of focused group and expert interviews attended by citizens of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. The results showed that “soft power” in both countries influences the field of those policies that are crucial for the development of new identities: education, language, memory, symbology, etc. The mechanisms for promoting identity politics in Turkic countries are the main strength of the formation process in this ethno-world. The results of the study demonstrate educational programs to be the most effective tool, whose status allows the returned youth to become a part of a new elite in their countries, as well as emissaries of Pan-Turkist ideas. Based on the content analysis data, it can be noted that though TurkishKazakh and Turkish-Turkmen relations are actively and positively developing, primarily in the economic sphere, they still have certain contradictions. Though Pan-Turkish ideas and Turkish cultural patterns are presented in the information agendas of the analyzed countries, they are not their trends.

Development of pedagogical competences for future primary school teachers through distance learning

The aim of this work is to identify effective means of distance learning, aimed at the formation of pedagogical competence among students-teachers. Achievement of the set goal is possible only by applying a number of special methods and approaches, among which dialectical and functional, as well as the method of analysis and synthesis, pedagogical observation, comparison, classification. The article produced a number of important results, including both theoretical and practical bases of the study. The practical value of the article lies in the fact that it can be used both in the form of teaching and methodical material in the process of training future teachers, and on an arbitrary basis by already working educational workers to improve their skills. In subsequent scientific developments it is necessary to determine the evolution of the development of distance-learning means of training teachers, in order to identify their main shortcomings and thus overcome.

Practice and Summary of Skills Competition in Higher Vocational Colleges

To realize the integration of higher vocational skills competition and the world Traditional Chinese Medicine Beauty Competition, so that the vocational skills competition leads the professional construction and curriculum system reform of higher vocational colleges. To carry out international academic exchanges and promote the construction of teaching materials in our college has made outstanding achievements. Participate in skills competition to improve students learning ability. Promote the construction of practical teaching and training bases inside and outside the school.

Modern problems of state legal regulation of migration in Kyrgyzstan

Relevance. Today, a reasonable approach to solving problems related to migration processes, which largely determine the socio-economic and political landscape of the country, is an important task on the way to successful state development, which is especially relevant for Kyrgyzstan.Purpose. The aim is to identify the elements related to the peculiarities of legislative regulation of migration processes in Kyrgyzstan by analysing various factors of state policy in the sphere.Methodology. The main methods of research were statistical, using which the indicators of migration process in the Republic were determined, and historical, using which the stages of formation of the legal framework in the sphere of employment of citizens abroad were named.Results. In the course of studying the dynamics of migration policy in Central Asian countries, the issues of legal regulation and the formation of a legislative framework for the protection, information, and service support of labour migrants were the main topics of discussion on the agenda at different levels of government. The most difficult situation was observed in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, where the able-bodied population is actively moving within the region and around the world in order to find work and secure a safer life. Analysing migration trends in the context of searching for certain regularities, the following features can be traced: if in the early 1990s people with higher education left Kyrgyzstan en masse, by the end of the 1990s � low-skilled workers, then in the beginning of the XXI century, there is an increase in migration processes among scientists, teachers, and representatives of other academic specialities.Conclusions. The results and conclusions of the work can be used as a practical basis for future scientific research on this topic, as well as for the development of strategies to regulate migration policy.