Power Units Of Nuclear Plants Research Articles

Аналіз проблем розвитку атомної, теплової та відновлюваної енергетики в енергосистемі України

In order to research the process of development of the energy systems of Ukraine, the current status and problems of development of nuclear, thermal and renewable energy are analyzed. The global trends in the development of nuclear energy is identified and it is noted that after the short-term decline caused by the accident at the «Fukushima-1» nuclear power plant, a gradual increase in the number of operating reactors has begun. The crisis situation in the nuclear and thermal energy market is outlined. Within the framework of the existing PSO (Public Service Obligation) model, the National nuclear power generating company «Energoatom» suffers significant losses. The limitation of electrical energy production at nuclear power plants in 2020 is an insufficiently grounded measure that will adversely affect the energy security of the country. Shutting down the power units of nuclear plants means that instead of producing energy one begins to consume energy, while a constant duty with ongoing servicing of equipment and maintaining the security systems is required. It is indicated that the coal-fired power plants of Ukraine have already developed their estimated resource and have an extremely low usage rate of installed capacity. In addition, coal-fired power plants in Ukraine are used in maneuvering modes, to cover peak loads, which leads to accelerated wear and tear of equipment and reduces production efficiency. A comparative analysis of the development of renewable energy sources (RES) is carried out and it is proved that the increase in electrical energy production due to RES requires the development of sufficient maneuvering capacities. The current situation indicates that the capacities of HPP and PHES are not sufficient, so at this time coal-fired power plants are used for such purposes, but such a part-time mode of operation leads to further wear and tear of equipment and an increase in emergency situations.

Analysis of the Opportunity for an Increase in the Thermal Power of Power Generating Units of Nuclear Power Plants (Part 1)

For Ukraine the realization of available reserves to increase the power of operating power units of nuclear plants is a vital problem the solution of which would allow us to increase electric power output. A special role is also played by economic priorities; in particular an increase in power by 1 kW is ten times cheaper in comparison with the construction of 1 kW of new power facilities. One more factor is the world experience in the field of an increase in the thermal power of operating power units of nuclear power plants. Based on the specified urgency this scientific paper analyzes the international experience gained in the field of an increase in the thermal power of the power units for nuclear power plants and describes the main mechanisms and instrumentation required for the realization of the given modification of nuclear power units in Ukraine. The reserves embedded into the project to enable an increase in the thermal power of power units were represented graphically. Recommendations on the scope of appropriate measures to be taken and substantiations required for the implementation of the appropriate level of an increase in the thermal power of Ukrainian power units with water-moderated water-cooled power reactors VVER-1000 and VVER-440 have been given.

Mathematical model of steam generator feed system at power unit of nuclear plant

A mathematical model of a steam generator feed system at a power unit of a nuclear plant with variable values of transfer function coefficients is presented. The model is realized in the MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow event-driven simulation.