Average Power Research Articles

The Narrations of Female Companions in Surat Al-Ma’idah According to Imam Al-Suyuti in his Book Al-Dur Al-Manthur fi Al-Tafsir Bilma’athoor (Asma’ bint Yazid as an Example)

This research aims to briefly introduce Imam Al-Suyuti and study the narrations of one of the female companions, other than the Mothers of the Believers, in Surah Al-Ma’idah in his book “Al-Dur Al-Manthur fi Al-Tafsir bi Al-Ma’thur”. This woman is Asma’ bint Yazid. This study will be through basic rules in the science of Hadith and the science of interpretation and combining them. It is through these narrations it becomes clear to us the explanation of its narrators, the judging on it, the types of chain of transmission, the general meaning of the narration, and what can be learned from it, as well as an explanation of the exegetical aspects of the verse related to the narration in terms of explaining the interpretation, the reasons for the revelation, the aspects of the readings, and the rhetorical aspects of the verse, if any.

A new class of composite indicators: The penalized power mean

In this paper we propose a new aggregation method for constructing composite indicators based on a penalization of the power mean. The idea underlying this approach consists in multiplying the power mean by a factor that accounts for the horizontal heterogeneity among indicators while penalizing units with a larger heterogeneity. In line with the minimum loss of information principle, the penalization factor proposed is proven to be linked to the loss of information generated when the indicators are substituted with their power means. As a consequence, the aggregation approach gives rise to the class of penalized power means and the penalized Benefit of the Doubt aggregative approach. Including heterogeneity makes the aggregation approach more suitable for refined rankings. Interestingly, the penalized power mean of order one coincides with the Mazziotta Pareto Index. Some theoretical properties of the penalized power means are proven, thus supporting the Mazziotta Pareto index. An empirical analysis of the Human Development Index in 2019 is presented. Comparisons of the rankings induced by the penalized and non-penalized Benefit of the Doubt and power mean aggregation approaches are shown. There are three main findings: the penalized power means satisfy the properties characterizing weakly monotone aggregation functions; the penalization reduces ranking variations while differentiating units with close means; and the geometric mean provides composite indicators whose ranking is closest to those obtained with power means of different order.

Cyclodextrin-Induced Suppression of the Crystallization of Low-Molar-Mass Poly(ethylene glycol).

We examine the effect of alpha-cyclodextrin (αCD) on the crystallization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [poly(ethylene oxide), PEO] in low-molar-mass polymers, with M w = 1000, 3000, or 6000 g mol-1. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and simultaneous synchrotron small-/wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) show that crystallization of PEG is suppressed by αCD, provided that the cyclodextrin content is sufficient. The PEG crystal structure is replaced by a hexagonal mesophase of αCD-threaded polymer chains. The αCD threading reduces the conformational flexibility of PEG and, hence, suppresses crystallization. These findings point to the use of cyclodextrin additives as a powerful means to tune the crystallization of PEG (PEO), which, in turn, will impact bulk properties including biodegradability.

Underlying catastrophes: umbilics and pattern formation

AbstractBifurcation theory provides a very general means to classify the local changes in numbers of zeros of vector fields, but not a general means to find where a given bifurcation occurs, at least at higher codimensions. Instead, it turns out, these bifurcations can be found by looking for their underlying catastrophes. Here I show that the concept of underlying catastrophes can be extended to the umbilics. The umbilics are important in opening up qualitatively different forms of bifurcations beyond the ‘corank 1’ catastrophes of folds, cusps, swallowtails, etc. An example is given showing how four zeros of a vector field bifurcating from a single point, may do so either via a 3-parameter swallowtail catastrophe involving equilibria of similar stabilities, or via a 4-parameter umbilic catastrophe involving equilibria of opposing stabilities. This opens an avenue to studying spatiotemporal pattern formation around high codimension bifurcation points, and I conclude with some illustrative examples.

An efficient aerodynamic optimization method based on approximate gradient analysis

With the rapid development of the computer capability and the continuous improvement of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technology, optimization design has gradually become a powerful and reliable means to solve the aerodynamic design problems. Among all kinds of optimization methods, gradient-based optimization algorithm can find the local optimal solution quickly, which is widely used in engineering problems. However, the computation of gradient is very expensive when an engineering problem involves large number of design variables. In this paper, an optimization method based on approximate gradient analysis is introduced, where the one-dimensional linear searches during the optimization process are evaluated with high-fidelity flow field analyses, while the gradients are evaluated with low-fidelity flow field analyses, leading to a significant saving in the computational cost of high-fidelity analysis. This method is demonstrated using a numerical example and RAE2822 airfoil optimization, and it is finally applied to the aerodynamic optimization of a wing-body configuration, which obtains good optimization results.

The Power Threat Meaning Framework: a qualitative study of depression in adolescents and young adults.

Depression constitutes one of our largest global health concerns and current treatment strategies lack convincing evidence of effectiveness in youth. We suggest that this is partly due to inherent limitations of the present diagnostic paradigm that may group fundamentally different conditions together without sufficient consideration of etiology, developmental aspects, or context. Alternatives that complement the diagnostic system are available yet understudied. The Power Threat and Meaning Framework (PTMF) is one option, developed for explanatory and practical purposes. While based on scientific evidence, empirical research on the framework itself is still lacking. This qualitative study was performed to explore the experiences of adolescents and young adults with depression from the perspective of the PTMF. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 Swedish individuals aged 15- 22 years, mainly female, currently enrolled in a clinical trial for major depressive disorder. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed with framework analysis informed by the PTMF. A complex multitude of adversities preceding the onset of depression was described, with a rich variety of effects, interpretations, and reactions. In total, 17 themes were identified in the four dimensions of the PTMF, highlighting the explanatory power of the framework in this context. Not all participants were able to formulate coherent narratives. The PTMF provides a framework for understanding the complexities, common themes, and lived experiences of young individuals with depression. This may be essential for the development of new interventions with increased precision and effectiveness in the young.

Optimization and sensitivity analysis of heat transfer for Powell–Eyring fluid between rotating rolls with temperature-dependent viscosity: A mathematical modeling approach

This study explores the flow of a non-Newtonian fluid between two rolls that are counter-rotating at the same speed and of equal size. The fluid's viscosity depends on temperature, and we investigate its theoretical impact on the thickness of the sheet and other engineering parameters relevant to the process. We derive non-dimensional mass and momentum balance equations using suitable transformation and the lubrication approximation theory. The expressions for velocity distribution, pressure gradient, flow rate, temperature profile, and pressure fields have been obtained by utilizing the perturbation method. After obtaining these expressions, we compute engineering quantities such as the roll separation force, streamline, Nusselt number, and the power input required to drive both cylinders based on the system's kinematical and geometrical parameters. We also obtain numerical solutions using the finite difference method and built-in (BVP method) in Maple. Further, we use response surface methodology and analysis of variance to determine what the mathematical models mean and whether they are good enough for sensitivity and optimization analysis of the heat transmission and roll separation force. Using statistical tools such as the R2, we determine that our Nusselt number and roll separation force provide the best solution for the considered model. Additionally, it has been observed that as the Weissenberg number increases, velocity tends to rise; conversely, velocity decreases with a higher velocity ratio. Also, the temperature profile is notably influenced by the Brickman number and increases with the increase in the Brickman number. It has also been noted that as the values of velocities ratio increase, the separation points shift toward the nip region, while concurrently, the coating thickness decreases. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that compression between analytical and numerical solutions for the considered problem of fluid flow, which suggests that the results presented here are reasonable. Finally, we compare our work with published studies to validate our findings. Hence, these factors help in an efficient fluid coating process and improve the substrate life.

On the generalization of Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for [formula omitted]-convex function via fractional integrals

The main motivation in this article is to prove new integral identities and related results. In this paper, we deal with E`-convex function, Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities, and Katugampola fractional integrals. Firstly, we established the Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for E`-convex function via Katugampola fractional integrals operators. After that we obtain several new identities and give new results of Holder's inequality, Jensen's integral inequality, Young's inequality, and Power mean inequality for E`-convex function by using Katugampola fractional integral operators. We make connections of our results with various results recognized in the literature.

PUPLIC DIPLOMACY AND ITS IMPACT IN THE STATES FOREIGN POLICY (QATAR TYPICAL)

The subject of the research tagged (public diplomacy and its role in the foreign policy of the state (Qatar as a model)) dealt with how and the extent of the impact of public diplomacy on the foreign policy of the state, and the importance that the researcher sees for public diplomacy at the international level and its role in making events, directing political policies and decisions and influencing international relations is a basic starting point for studying the subject, and then crystallizing it into a problem worth researching and studying. Which lies in a major question is the meaning of how public diplomacy affects the making and implementation of the foreign policy of the state, has divided the research into three basic sections, the first topic: looking at the concept of public diplomacy and concepts approach, the second topic: focuses on the dimensions of public diplomacy and tools, The third section seeks to clarify its role in the foreign policy of the state by studying the public diplomacy of the State of Qatar as a model for the state that is interested in this form of diplomacy and employs it in its international relations. This led to different results, the most important of which is that the definitions of public diplomacy differed according to the stages they went through and based on the circumstances and variables of the international reality at each stage, and the future of public diplomacy depends on scientific research based on the participation of researchers from different sciences such as communication sciences, media, public opinion, politics and international relations. In this regard, the State of Qatar has been able to overcome its demographic and geographical weaknesses by providing a range of strategic soft power means, including public diplomacy

Parallel patterns of genetic diversity and structure in circumboreal species of the Sphagnum capillifolium complex.

Shared geographical patterns of population genetic variation among related species is a powerful means to identify the historical events that drive diversification. The Sphagnum capillifolium complex is a group of closely related peat mosses within the Sphagnum subgenus Acutifolia and contains several circumboreal species whose ranges encompass both glaciated and unglaciated regions across the northern hemisphere. In this paper, we (1) inferred the phylogeny of subg. Acutifolia and (2) investigated patterns of population structure and genetic diversity among five circumboreal species within the S. capillifolium complex. We generated RAD sequencing data from most species of the subg. Acutifolia and samples from across the distribution ranges of circumboreal species within the S. capillifolium complex. We resolved at least 14 phylogenetic clusters within the S. capillifolium complex. Five circumboreal species show some common patterns: One population system comprises plants in eastern North America and Europe, and another comprises plants in the Pacific Northwest or around the Beringian and Arctic regions. Alaska appears to be a hotspot for genetic admixture, genetic diversity, and sometimes endemic subclades. Our results support the hypothesis that populations of five circumboreal species within the S. capillifolium complex survived in multiple refugia during the last glacial maximum. Long-distance dispersal out of refugia, population bottlenecks, and possible adaptations to conditions unique to each refugium could have contributed to current geographic patterns. These results indicate the important role of historical events in shaping the complex population structure of plants with broad distribution ranges.

Reversing relaxation-induced embrittlement by high-temperature thermal cyclic annealing in Zr-based metallic glass

Annealing usually induces structural relaxation and reduction of liquid-like regions, leading to embrittlement in bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). Here, we find that the short-term high-temperature thermal cycling (HTC) annealed Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (Vit1) BMG shows an improved plasticity without sacrificing their yield strength. And only relaxation behavior with increased hardness is observed after HTC, which is different from the rejuvenation effect usually observed in cryogenic thermal cycling (CTC). We revealed that this embrittlement reversal is attributed to enhanced fluctuations of full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the hardness’ distribution at micrometer and larger scales induced by short-term HTC. The enhanced fluctuations of mechanical heterogeneities across the diameter on a cross-section of the short-term HTC sample may increase the number and decrease the size of shear transformation zones (STZs) activated at high stress and promote the deflection of shear bands (SBs) during their propagation to form multiple SBs. The enhanced plasticity after HTC induced relaxation contradicts the common sense that relaxation accompanying with annihilation of free volume or liquid-like region usually causes embrittlement. Present results indicate that short-term HTC could be a powerful mean to tune the mechanical performance, shedding new lights on the interplay among relaxation, mechanical/structural heterogeneity, and plasticity of MGs.

Power shifts in international organisations: China at the United Nations

AbstractThe People's Republic of China is central to current debates about power shifts in international organisations, but a systematic and comprehensive assessment of China‐related shifts has been missing. As Special Issue introduction, this article contributes to addressing this gap and examines whether, how and to what extent China‐related power shifts have unfolded at the United Nations (UN) over the last two decades or so. We define power shifts as changes in the ability of actors to shape others' capacities to act and outline a framework that builds on Barnett and Duvall's four power types of compulsory, institutional, structural and productive power. Drawing from Special Issue contributions, our analysis covers empirical insights from the UN's three main pillars – peace and security, development and human rights – and paints an uneven picture. Despite continuing Western dominance, China is mobilising more compulsory power means than two decades ago. Chinese attempts to enact institutional power have also increased but mostly unfold in multilateral niches and remain cautious. While China's structural power position has expanded, China‐related effects in productive power have so far remained limited and scattered. We conclude with a combined assessment of changes across power types and discuss research and policy implications.

Effectiveness of Land and Building Tax Management in Oeteta Village, Sulamu District, Kupang District

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of Land and building tax management in Oeteta Village, Sulamu District, Kupang Regency. To discuss the results of this research, Terry (2006:342) used management functions, namely planning, organizing, implementing and controlling, then explained using Jogiyanto's (2017) system theory, namely input, process and performance results. The research method uses a qualitative description approach, combining data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and literature study. Data analysis is inductive/qualitative, with an interactive model created by Miles, Huberman, and Sugiyono (2012: 246). The results of the research emphasize the meaning of generalization, which shows that (1) Input through cooperation and coordination between BAPENDA, the Sulamu Regency government and Oeteta Village, provision of counter facilities at the Village Office and human resources by determining tax collectors from the District and 3 RT people in Oeteta village. (2) the process of organizing and mobilizing is in the payment and collection of taxes, where fraud, irregularities and violations occur regarding the use of tax money by PBB collectors for personal needs. (3) output: There is no strict supervision by BAPENDA of billing officers, and there needs to be reporting from Oeteta Village and Sulamu District to BAPENDA Kupang Regency so that they can be accounted for. Based on the description above, BAPENDA's supervision can be further improved. The attitude of PBB collection officers and the absence of strict tax sanctions result in the misuse of tax money, so the public/taxpayers do not want to pay PBB.

Engineering Large-Scale Self-Mineralizing Bone Organoids with Bone Matrix-Inspired Hydroxyapatite Hybrid Bioinks.

Addressing large bone defects remains a significant challenge owing to the inherent limitations in self-healing capabilities, resulting in prolonged recovery and suboptimal regeneration. Although current clinical solutions are available, they have notable shortcomings, necessitating more efficacious approaches to bone regeneration. Organoids derived from stem cells show great potential in this field; however, the development of bone organoids has been hindered by specific demands, including the need for robust mechanical support provided by scaffolds and hybrid extracellular matrices (ECM). In this context, bioprinting technologies have emerged as powerful means of replicating the complex architecture of bone tissue. The research focused on the fabrication of a highly intricate bone ECM analog using a novel bioink composed of gelatin methacrylate/alginate methacrylate/hydroxyapatite (GelMA/AlgMA/HAP). Bioprinted scaffolds facilitate the long-term cultivation and progressive maturation of extensive bioprinted bone organoids, foster multicellular differentiation, and offer valuable insights into the initial stages of bone formation. The intrinsic self-mineralizing quality of the bioink closely emulates the properties of natural bone, empowering organoids with enhanced bone repair for both in vitro and in vivo applications. This trailblazing investigation propels the field of bone tissue engineering and holds significant promise for its translation into practical applications.

Citizen Science-Based Waste Diaries: An Exploratory Case Study of Household Waste in Switzerland

Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG 12) and national waste reduction goals require frequent waste analyses for monitoring and governance decisions. We developed and tested a citizen science (CS)-based household waste diary for ten consecutive days with 89 volunteer households in Switzerland as a complementary monitoring option to official composition analyses. Discrepancies between the CS-based household diary data and the official composition analyses ranged between 55–65% less reported waste quantities for minerals, compound products, and plastics and 80–90% less for paper, avoidable food waste, and glass. Household waste diaries should be digitalized and prolonged to 21–28 days, and volunteers from different demographic groups are needed to produce stratified, representative results. We conclude that a hybrid CS study design involving waste composition analyses and waste diaries could reduce self-reporting biases while increasing the monitoring frequencies of household waste compositions. CS-based hybrid household waste projects can be a powerful means to complement the measures identified in the 2022 Swiss action plan against food waste and for data reporting for the SDG 12.3 Food Waste Index.

Lifelong learning as a governing technique of subjectivation from the perspective of the discourse of hope and fear

Neoliberal governmentality highlights that the mode of governing technologies has moved from government toward governance in modern society. Accordingly, as the self becomes the nexus between social control and self-regulation, configuring self-knowledge is mainly achieved through subjectivation, as argued by M. Foucault. The OECD's PISA program implicitly carries out this technique by holding teachers responsible for national prospects through its assumption of a close linkage between teaching quality and human capital. More importantly, PISA data facilitates international comparisons and rankings by which the international competitiveness of its participants can be identified and categorized. Unsurprisingly, those member countries/regions classified in the first tier are confident of their prospects for future economic growth in contrast with those ranked below the average, which are unable to escape from a state of fear engendered by their assumed lack of economic prospects. Teachers thus become the subject and object of educational reforms. Teachers need to improve their teaching quality through professional development to eliminate the stigma of being viewed as social burdens. The discourses of hope and fear set in motion by PISA thus turn lifelong learning into a powerful means of facilitating the government to fabricate teachers' subjectivity. This is the art of subjectivation, commanding teachers to perform as enterprising subjects who are dedicated to contributing to social progression through good teaching quality, which is perceived as the gateway for them to bring honor upon themselves.

10 Years of Pacemaker Implantation in Port Harcourt, Rivers State: Our Experience and Matters Arising

Abstract Background: There has been an increasing growth in the number of pacemaker implantations in Nigeria. This study is aimed at reviewing the pattern and occurrence of pacemaker implantation and also mode of pacemaker over a 10-year period. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent pacemaker implantation over a 10 year period between September 2012 and December 2023. Results: During the study period, 41 patients underwent pacemaker implantation. There were more males (51.2%) than females with a general mean age 66.8 ±10.6. The most common indication was Complete heart block (CHB) (60.98%) followed by second degree atrioventrivcular block (27.27%). There was an increasing trend in the rate of pacemaker implantation over the 10 years in review. There was no significance difference in the rate of complication between the genders. Conclusion: Pacemaker implantation in Port Harcourt south-south, Nigeria started in September 2012. The major reason for pacemaker implantation were complete heart block (CHB) and second degree Atrioventicular block (2nd degree AVB) being the second reason. Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) was rare in our population as opposed to the western world. Pacemaker implantation is being widely accepted in our society and it is lifesaving procedure associated with very low risk. Keywords: Pacemaker, Pacemaker implantation, heart block, Port Harcourt

Spectral recovery of broadband waveforms via cross-phase modulation based tunable Talbot amplifier

Physical processes in the Fourier domain play a crucial role in various applications such as spectroscopy, quantum technology, ranging, radio-astronomy, and telecommunications. However, the presence of stochastic noise poses a significant challenge in the detection of broadband spectral waveforms, especially those with limited power. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a cross-phase modulation (XPM) based spectral Talbot amplifier to recover the broadband spectral waveforms in high fidelity. Through the combination of spectral phase filtering and XPM nonlinear effect in an all-fiber configuration, we demonstrate spectral purification of THz-bandwidth spectral waveforms submerged in strong noise. The proposed spectral Talbot amplifier provides tunable amplification factors from 3 to 10, achieved by flexible control on the temporal waveform of the pump and the net dispersion. We demonstrate up to 10-dB remarkable improvement on optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) while preserving the spectral envelope. Furthermore, our system allows frequency-selective reconstruction of noisy input spectra, introducing a new level of flexibility for spectral recovery and information extraction. We also evaluate numerically the impact of pump intensity deviation on the reconstructed spectral waveforms. Our all-optical approach presents a powerful means for effective recovery of broadband spectral waveforms, enabling information extraction from a noise-buried background.

Rapid discrimination of geographical origin of garlic (Allium sativum L.): A metabolomic approach applied to paper spray mass spectrometry data.

Distinguishing and categorizing the origin of garlic are highly significant, considering its widespread use as a flavoring agent. With billions of dollars annually in global trade, garlic is frequently susceptible to fraudulent practices. Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS) was employed to quickly analyze garlic samples from distinct geographic origins: China and Brazil. The so-generated PS-MS data were treated with metabolomic multivariate approaches, and the garlic samples from these different geographic regions were easily discriminated. Brazilian garlic was characterized to contain higher levels of amino acids, such as arginine, proline, and valine, and organosulfur compounds, such as allicin, alliin, and l-γ-glutamil-S-allyl-l-cysteine, compared to Chinese garlic. The PS-MS data were treated employing multivariate approaches, typically used in the metabolomics field, and this protocol was promptly able to discern among both types of samples. Hence, this combined strategy holds promise not only as an effective tool for the authentication of the geographical origin of garlic but also as a powerful means for biomarker discovery.

Economic life-cycle model for the cost of a power grid line engineering project

Reasonable grid line engineering asset management is an important means for power companies to improve economic efficiency under the new electricity reform situation. Based on the whole-life-cycle theory, this paper puts into use the decommissioning of the whole process of cost perspective and analyses the line project construction to decommissioning and scrapping of the whole process of the cost. Through the calculation of the whole life cycle of the smallest annual cost, to determine the line economic life, the authors constructed the whole life cycle of a grid line project economic cost framework and put forward the best decommissioning time of a grid line model – that is, the economic life model. A case study was conducted based on a project example from a certain power grid company in China. The research results of this paper can be used to reduce the economic cost of operation and maintenance of power grid enterprises, improve the efficiency of input and output and provide reference suggestions for optimising the management of line engineering and other power assets of power grid companies.