Power Distribution System Research Articles

Adaptive Scheduling Method of Heterogeneous Resources on Edge Side of Power System Collaboration Based on Cloud–Edge Security Dynamic Collaboration

In recent years, the large-scale integration of new power distribution technologies such as distributed power generation, electric vehicles, and flexible load control has led to a sharp increase in the operating pressure of the power cloud master station. To this end, an adaptive resource allocation method for edge-side general computing resources, which is used for cloud–edge collaborative security protection, is proposed. Firstly, considering the computing resources available to multiple edge substations, a Cloud–edge Collaborative Relay Business Security Protection Model (C2RBSPM) is constructed. Then, with the goal of minimizing the operating pressure of the maximum cloud master, the corresponding linear programming problem is established, and finally the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) is used to solve it quickly. The simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce the expected operating pressure of the cloud master station by up to 35.19%. Therefore, reasonable mining of available computing resources on the edge side and relay security protection can effectively reduce the operating pressure of the cloud master station, and improve the operation efficiency of the system. This approach is of great significance for the flexible, intelligent, and digital transformation of the power distribution system in the future.

Development of Hybrid Vehicle

Model-Based Design can be applied in the development of a hybrid electric vehicle system. The paper explains how Model-Based Design begins with defining the design requirements that can be traced throughout the development process. This leads to the development of component models of the physical system, such as the power distribution system and mechanical drive line. We also show the development of an energy management strategy for several modes of operation including the full electric, hybrid, and combustion engine modes

Mathematical approaches for reliability evaluation of a parallel-series system of order (3,3,1,1) with exponential failure laws

The reliability analysis of a parallel-series system with an order of (3,3,1,1) involving five units (A, B, C, D, and E) organised into three parallel subsystems is investigated. The first subsystem comprises three units (A, B, and C) arranged in series, while the second and third subsystems consist of single units ‘D’ and ‘E’. The failure rates of the units are assumed to follow a negative exponential distribution. The study employs three mathematical methods: decomposition, cut-set, and event space to derive expressions for reliability and mean time to system failure (MTSF). Specific values for these reliability measures are obtained by assuming identical units and assigning particular values to unit failure rate parameters. The sensitivity analysis has been carried out to investigate the overall system reliability by changing the parameter values of the different components and identify the critical components. The practical application of this work is envisioned in power distribution systems.

TRACKING MAP UNTUK MONITORING GANGGUAN JTR PADA NH FUSE GARDU DISTRIBUSI

This research develops an IoT-based fault monitoring system for Low Voltage (LV) Networks using a tracking map on NH fuses, aiming to improve response time efficiency and fault detection accuracy. The system integrates sensors with a web-based platform to monitor and visualize fault locations in real-time. Test results indicate that the system is capable of detecting faults with high accuracy, with detection errors as low as 0% to 0.32%. The response time for fault detection ranges from 0.5 to 1 second, significantly faster than conventional methods. As a result, fault recovery time can be accelerated by 30-40%, potentially enhancing the reliability of the power supply. Additionally, the use of IoT technology allows more efficient monitoring and quicker response to faults, enabling faster repair processes and minimizing downtime. Although the system demonstrates promising results, the study also identifies areas for further development, particularly in integrating it with more complex distribution management systems and enhancing data analytics. Overall, the proposed system offers an innovative solution for mitigating faults in LV networks, improving reliability, and increasing operational efficiency in power distribution systems

Restoration Strategy for Urban Power Distribution Systems Considering Coupling with Transportation Networks Under Heavy Rainstorm Disasters

Restoration Strategy for Urban Power Distribution Systems Considering Coupling with Transportation Networks Under Heavy Rainstorm Disasters

A Review: Methods of Fault Detection, Identification and Location in Conventional and Active AC Power Distribution System

A Review: Methods of Fault Detection, Identification and Location in Conventional and Active AC Power Distribution System

Comprehensive Thermodynamic Performance Evaluation of a Novel Dual-Shaft Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid Propulsion System

With the rapid growth of air travel, reducing carbon emissions in aviation is imperative. Electric aircraft play a key role in achieving sustainable aviation, especially for large civil aircraft, where reducing emissions, improving the fuel efficiency, and enabling flexible power regulation are essential. This study proposes a dual-shaft, separated-exhaust fuel cell hybrid aircraft propulsion system (HAPS), using a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to replace the conventional turbine-driven compressor. The independent speed control of the high- and low-pressure spools is realized via a power distribution system. A thermodynamic model is developed, and performance evaluations, including parametric, exergy, and sensitivity analyses, are conducted. At the design point, the system delivers 36.304 kN thrust, 16.775 g/(kN·s) specific fuel consumption, 15.931 MW SOFC power, and 54.759% SOFC efficiency. The exergy analysis highlights the optimization of components like the heat exchanger and fan to reduce energy losses. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the spool speeds and fuel utilization significantly impact the performance. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing control strategies and offer a novel, efficient, and low-carbon power solution for aviation, supporting the industry’s transition towards sustainability.

Synthesis and Characterization of PVC/(Co3O4/CNT)@Au Semiconductor Nanocomposite for Enhanced Medium-Voltage Cable Insulation

Abstract This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and application of a novel PVC/(Co3O4/CNT)@Au nanocomposite for enhanced medium-voltage cable insulation. The nanocomposite was developed by incorporating Co3O4 octahedron nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and gold nanoparticles (Au) into a polyvinyl chloride matrix. Compared to standard PVC insulation, the nanocomposite exhibited a 3% improvement in relative permittivity (increased from 2.34 to 2.41) and significantly enhanced field uniformity, as evidenced by simulation studies. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy confirmed the successful integration of nanofillers and highlighted their contributions to the composite’s properties. Optical characterization revealed a direct bandgap of 4.60 eV and an Urbach energy of 0.3674 eV, indicating a wide-bandgap semiconductor with moderate structural disorder. AC conductivity measurements demonstrated frequency-dependent behavior, while dielectric constant and loss analyses suggested the material’s potential for energy storage and insulation applications. The choice of Co3O4 and CNTs was guided by their synergistic impact on charge trapping, field grading, and thermal management, while Au nanoparticles enhanced charge transfer and local electric field distribution. These findings demonstrate the nanocomposite’s promise in addressing the limitations of traditional PVC insulation, offering improved dielectric performance, reliability, and durability for power transmission and distribution systems.

Continuous monitoring of partial discharge activities in power cables and their stimulation due to the temperature rise

AbstractWith the development of the power distribution systems demands, the grid reliability becomes a strategic issue. Continuous monitoring of power transmission networks is a key component in addressing this issue. Partial discharge (PD) characterisation instruments provide a reliable solution and an important indicator of the state of cable insulation. An increase in the PD level usually indicates the development of a fault that affects the integrity of the cable and can lead to various problems related to the quality and quantity of the transmitted energy. In this context, the use of Internet of Things (IoT) systems for power networks monitoring can provide a significant improvement to the localisation and detection of faults. In this paper, the authors show the advantages of continuous monitoring of power grid cables using a new IoT based framework using an advanced signal processing technique, namely the phase diagram. Also, the authors show that variations in temperature can impact the initiation and progression of PD, affecting the reliability and lifespan of electrical insulation systems. Understanding this temperature dependence is crucial for accurate PD detection and effective maintenance of power cables. Our results show that higher temperatures can accelerate the PD activity, while lower temperatures may suppress it.

Applications of Synchronized Measurement Technologies in Power Distribution Systems: Helping to Speed Up Technology Deployment

Applications of Synchronized Measurement Technologies in Power Distribution Systems: Helping to Speed Up Technology Deployment

Quantum Assisted Combinatorial Benders' Algorithm for the Synergy of Hydrogen and Power Distribution Systems with Mobile Storage

Quantum Assisted Combinatorial Benders' Algorithm for the Synergy of Hydrogen and Power Distribution Systems with Mobile Storage

Co-simulation approach to study of dynamics phenomena for renewables integration into distribution power systems

Co-simulation approach to study of dynamics phenomena for renewables integration into distribution power systems

Multi-resolution optimization methodology of voltage and reactive power in new distribution systems

Multi-resolution optimization methodology of voltage and reactive power in new distribution systems

Effect of nonlinear structural response on seismic fragility and risk of emergency power supply and distribution system in a nuclear power plant

Effect of nonlinear structural response on seismic fragility and risk of emergency power supply and distribution system in a nuclear power plant

Research on fault prediction and self-healing strategy of power distribution system based on big data analysis

Research on fault prediction and self-healing strategy of power distribution system based on big data analysis

Allocation of Series Capacitors Bank in Electric Power Distribution Systems

Abstract To ensure the quality of the energy in distribution networks, configurations of voltage regulators (VRs) and Shunt Capacitor Banks (BCshunts) are traditionally used along the feeders. Series Capacitors Bank (BCseries) along the feeders can also help to improve the power quality. In this paper, a strategy is proposed based on a mathematical formulation for an optimization problem where the aim is to allocate and size BCshunts and VRs (as traditionally implemented in the electricity sector) together with BCseries in distribution networks. These devices are allocated using Genetic Algorithm together with Multiperiod Optimal Power Flow. Using the proposed strategy, it is analyzed the network performance by studying: (i) the allocation of VRs and BCshunts simultaneously, and (ii) the allocation of VRs, BCshunts and BCseries simultaneously. The objective function is based on the minimization of active power loss costs, penalties for voltage violations, and equipment costs. Results are presented for a 90-bus radial distribution system which show that the use of BCseries is suitable for feeders with abrupt load variations, and that this approach competes positively with the simultaneous allocation of VR and BCshunt devices, with shorter investment amortization times and improved quality indices.

Optimized design of solid state power controller (SSPC) operating circuit for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) DC power distribution systems

Optimized design of solid state power controller (SSPC) operating circuit for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) DC power distribution systems

The digital twin of complex shipboard DC microgrids: The high‐performing synergy of compiled models and HIL platform in the dynamics emulation of zonal power electronic power distribution systems

AbstractNowadays, resilience is a crucial attribute to be pursued in advanced shipboard DC microgrids. When the power distribution is zonal, the presence of autonomous‐controlled converters guarantees both power use and resiliency improvement. The adoption of bidirectional controlled devices ensures power routing among generating units, storage, and loads. Moreover, zonal electrical distribution systems are effective in applying the optimization algorithms for green, safe, and high‐performing ship operation. In zonal DC microgrids, real‐time cooperation among controlled converters through properly set communication protocols enables the ship mission achievement. To this aim, functional tests are to be done on such complex power infrastructure. The digital twin approach provides the de‐risking step before the onboard deployment for controlled systems and communication. A zonal DC shipboard microgrid is the case study to test the synergy between compiled models and power converters on two hardware in the loop platforms, then verified by experiment in this paper. The first platform exploits the Linux real time application interface on the average value models of converters. This solution is then compared with a platform that utilizes the Typhoon hardware in the loop environment, proposing a combination of average value models and detailed switching models for the real‐time emulation of controlled grid.

Optimal power scheduling in real-time distribution systems using crow search algorithm for enhanced microgrid performance

Microgrids (MGs) have gained significant attention over the past two decades due to their advantages in service reliability, easy integration of renewable energy sources, high efficiency, and enhanced power quality. In India, low-voltage side customers face significant challenges in terms of power supply continuity and voltage regulation. This paper presents a novel approach for optimal power scheduling in a microgrid, aiming to provide uninterrupted power supply with improved voltage regulation (VR). To address these challenges, a crow search algorithm is developed for effective load scheduling within the distribution system. The proposed method minimizes the total operating cost (TOC) and maximizes VR under varying loading conditions and distributed generation (DG) configurations. A case study in Tamil Nadu, India, is conducted using a microgrid composed of three distributed generation sources (DGs), modeled and simulated using the Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) environment. The proposed approach is tested under three operational scenarios: grid-connected mode, islanded mode, and grid-connected mode with one DG outage. Results indicate that the crow search algorithm significantly optimizes load scheduling, leading to a substantial reduction in power loss and enhancement in voltage profiles across all scenarios. The islanded mode operation using the crow search algorithm demonstrates a remarkable reduction in TOC and maximizes voltage regulation compared to other modes. The main contributions of this work include: (1) developing a new meta-heuristic approach for power scheduling in microgrids using the crow search algorithm, (2) achieving optimal power flow and load scheduling to minimize TOC and improve VR, and (3) successfully implementing the proposed methodology in a real-time distribution system using ETAP. The findings showcase the effectiveness of the crow search algorithm in microgrid power management and its potential for application in other real-time power distribution systems.

Determining the Location and Type of Faults in Electrical Cables Using an Artificial Neural Network

Detecting and locating faults in electrical cables has always been a challenge for power distribution systems. Over time, several methods have been developed to effectively manage these erroneous situations. This article develops a new approach to detecting, localizing, classifying, and predicting faults, especially in different types of short circuits in electrical cables, based on the artificial neural network method. The novelty of this approach lies in the ability of the method to predict the location and type of malfunction. The proposed method uses the Matlab and Simulink platform and includes four sequential stages. A virtual machine is used to reduce the time and resources of the modeling process. The study shows the effectiveness of the method and its ability to successfully predict faults in real power supply systems.