Solution For Power Generation Research Articles

Performance Analysis of a Self-Decarbonizing Combustor

Abstract Hydrogen is envisioned to be a key decarbonization solution for fossil fuel-dependent power generation and aviation industries. At present, a significant fraction of the generated electrical power is derived from natural gas. As such, the external energy needed for hydrogen generation, often sourced from fossil fuels, results in CO2 emissions, compromising overall carbon neutrality. Instead, the processes of hydrogen generation can be energetically coupled with the combustion process, in situ, to eliminate external energy requirements. To that end, a novel self-decarbonizing combustor (SDC) has been conceptualized, integrating methane pyrolysis with the combustion process that can in principle decarbonize many contemporary power generation technologies. The underpinning methane pyrolysis process enables in situ pre-combustion capture of solid carbon, while simultaneously generating hydrogen. Consequently, CO2 emissions resulting from the combustion of processed, hydrogen-enriched fuel are mitigated. This study provides a comprehensive analysis, delineating the operating principle and the effect of some of the important governing parameters on the performance of the self-decarbonizing combustor. These parameters, including fuel temperature, residence time, pressure, and catalysis, are studied in the context of potentially applying the proposed concept to natural gas-based decarbonized electrical power generation. Investigating fuel chemistry, combustion exhaust, and carbon structure and morphology under varying process parameters enhances our comprehension of the SDC. Additionally, its self-sufficient nature eliminates the need for separate hydrogen production, storage, and transportation infrastructure, highlighting its potential as a scalable and realizable technology.

A novel geothermal system combined with fuel cell and hydrogen generation to store clean sustainable energy storage

This paper presents a thermo-economic assessment of a novel geothermal integrated system enhanced by a fuel cell. The proposed system leverages the advantages of geothermal energy resources, featuring a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for power generation and district heating applications. Integrating a fuel cell and thermoelectric within the geothermal system aims to improve overall system performance and energy efficiency by converting waste heat into electricity. A detailed mathematical model of the integrated system is developed, incorporating various performance parameters, component efficiencies, and thermo-economic considerations. The model is applied to simulate the system's performance under different operating conditions and parameters. Additionally, sensitivity analyses are conducted to evaluate the effects of key design variables on the system's performance, cost, and environmental impacts. The results indicate that the newly developed system generates 95594 kW of electricity with a total exergy destruction rate of 4616 kW. The electricity cost rate also obtained 0.309 $/kWh. The energy efficiency of the introduced system is 24.08 % and the exergy efficiency is 26.7 %. Comparison with the basic system represents that energy efficiency shows a 15.71 % improvement.

Simulation test of 50 MW grid-connected “Photovoltaic+Energy storage” system based on pvsyst software

With the implementation of the national “double carbon” strategy, the installed capacity of new energy power generation continues to grow, and stable photovoltaic power generation solutions have received increasing attention. The PV + energy storage system with a capacity of 50 MW represents a certain typicality in terms of scale, which is neither too small to show the characteristics of the system nor too large to simulate and manage. This study builds a 50 MW “PV + energy storage” power generation system based on PVsyst software. A detailed design scheme of the system architecture and energy storage capacity is proposed, which is applied to the design and optimization of the electrochemical energy storage system of photovoltaic power station. Based on the results of PVsyst operation simulation test, the operation performance of 50 MW “PV + energy storage” power generation system is explored. The results show that the 50 MW “PV + energy storage” system can achieve 24-h stable operation even when the sunshine changes significantly or the demand peaks, maintain the balance of power supply of the grid, and save a total of 1121310.388 tons of CO2 emissions during the life cycle of the system. The various parts of the system, including the photovoltaic array, the energy storage unit and the grid interface, demonstrated efficient collaborative performance in the simulation environment of PVsyst.The analysis of power generation shows obvious seasonal changes. The unit power generation is higher from March to September, and the more the power generation is the overall annual power generation shows good consistency and predictability under the regulation of the energy storage system. Through the analysis of different operating scenarios, the key parameters that affect the system performance are further determined, such as lighting conditions, battery storage capacity, power consumption device efficiency. For lighting conditions, the total radiation amount of the incident lighting surface takes the most proportion in the interval of 380–900 W/m2 and 25-60kwh/m2/Bin. The simulation test also reveals the important role of energy storage unit in power grid demand peaking and valley filling, which has an important impact on balancing the instability of photovoltaic power generation and improving the system response ability.

Comparative analysis and implementation of DC microgrid systems versus AC microgrid performance

DC power systems have emerged as a cost-effective solution for electric power generation and transmission, challenging the dominance of AC distribution systems. However, a comprehensive efficiency comparison between DC and AC microgrids remains understudied. This study seeks to explore and conduct a thorough survey on development and designing of DC microgrids to address this gap. Firstly, a comprehensive literature review comparing the efficiencies of AC and DC microgrids has been presented. The analysis highlights the superior efficiency of DC distribution systems over AC systems, supported by detailed advantages. Secondly, hardware implementation has been performed to directly compare the efficiency of DC versus AC systems. Research validity and application are further improved by the hardware prototype’s scalability, which in simulation allows for a thorough assessment of system stability over a range of scenarios from four to six terminals. Test results from the built hardware prototype demonstrate an astounding 15% increase in efficiency using the DC system compared to the AC system, demonstrating its potential for improved performance in real-world scenarios. In simulation results, the designed DC microgrid demonstrates stable voltages of 500V under steady state operation and rapid recovery within 80 ms under both symmetrical and asymmetrical faults has been observed. The research being investigated utilizes hardware implementation and simulation to provide useful insights into the efficiency and stability of DC microgrids in comparison to AC systems. These results are important for developing robust power distribution networks in modern energy environments, promoting sustainability and dependability in infrastructure growth.

Simulation of CuO-water nanofluid flow for cooling of solar photovoltaic module

The importance of studying photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems is underscored by their potential to harness both solar thermal and photovoltaic energy simultaneously, making them a promising avenue for sustainable power generation. The integration of a PVT system allows for enhanced energy conversion and utilization of available resources. In the context of the broader field of renewable energy, understanding and optimizing PVT systems contribute to the development of efficient and environmentally friendly power generation solutions. The introduction of CuO nanoparticles proves beneficial, contributing to an overall improvement in system performance. Throughout this exploration, the aim is to provide insights into the intricate dynamics of PVT systems under varying conditions, emphasizing the impact of key parameters on system efficiency and performance. Examining PVT systems, this study focuses on a rectangular duct equipped with a turbulator featuring rectangular cuts. The simulation considers the flow of CuO-H2O within the channel and accounts for pure conduction within the layers, employing the finite volume method with a validation test for accuracy. The mesh size has been optimized for computational efficiency. In this context, the study investigates variations in cell temperature (T PV) and efficiency components (electrical (η PV), thermal (η th), overall (η PVT)) concerning key variables: wind speed (V w (0.4, 1, 1.4 m/s)), incident irradiation (G (730, 830, 930 W/m2)), inlet velocity (0.08, 0.1, 0.12 m/s), volume fraction of CuO (ϕ = 0, 0.018). Introducing the turbulator improves T PV uniformity by about 20.43%. With increased incident irradiation in the presence of the turbulator, η PV, η th, and η PVT values enhance by approximately 1.02%, 8.18%, and 4.99%, respectively. Specifically, at G = 930 W/m2, the turbulator installation leads to a 4.35% increase in η PVT. However, certain variables demonstrate contrasting effects. Increased wind speed results in a 3.63% decrease in η PVT for tubes equipped with a turbulator. Conversely, intensifying the inlet velocity leads to an augmentation of η PVT by around 3.19%, coupled with a notable 16.34% improvement in the uniformity of T PV.

Design and Fabrication of Wind Turbine Utilization for Water Pumping and Power Generation

bstract: Windmills have been a symbol of sustainable energy for centuries, and their relevance continues to grow in the modern era. This abstract explores the dual functionality of windmills for both pumping and power generation. Windmills have evolved from their traditional agricultural use to become versatile renewable energy sources, capable of harnessing wind energy for various applications. For pumping, windmills are employed to lift water from wells or reservoirs, providing a reliable source of water for irrigation and domestic use, especially in remote or off-grid areas. Their mechanical design, often featuring rotating blades, efficiently converts wind energy into rotational motion, driving a pump mechanism. In the realm of power generation, windmills are pivotal in the transition to cleaner energy sources. Modern wind turbines are designed with advanced aerodynamics and materials, enabling them to capture substantial kinetic energy from the wind. This energy is then transformed into electrical power through generators. Wind farms, comprised of multiple turbines, contribute significantly to electricity grids, reducing carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This abstract underscores the dual role of windmills as sustainable solutions for pumping and power generation, emphasizing their versatility and contribution to a greener future.

Reviewing the progress toward an ammonia energy storage ecosystem

The work discusses the irregularity and intermittency of solar and wind electricity generation due to factors like sunlight and wind variations. It emphasizes the need for energy storage solutions to address these challenges. One proposed solution is hydrogen, particularly in the form of ammonia. The work describes the production of ammonia through various methods, including indirect or direct electrolysis, and its potential for energy storage and use. It also discusses the advantages and challenges of using ammonia in energy storage and power generation. Finally, the work mentions the potential of direct ammonia fuel cells and ammonia combustion for power generation, highlighting their advantages and challenges. Overall, the work provides a detailed overview of using ammonia as an energy storage and power generation solution, with a focus on its sustainability and potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

LES investigation of a swirl stabilized technically premixed hydrogen flame with FGM and TFM models

Climate change due to carbon emissions is one of the aspects that must be kept under control nowadays. In this fashion, the employment of hydrogen as fuel provides a fundamental solution for both power generation and transportation since lean premixed combustions allow to reset the carbon emissions and reduce the pollutant ones. Indeed, the higher reactivity of hydrogen permits to operate with a very low equivalence ratio which can drastically limit the NOx production with respect to the common fossil fuels. On the other hand, lean hydrogen mixtures are characterized by peculiar aspects that make their study through CFD simulations not straightforward. The present work aims to analyze through two different numerical approaches a technically premixed hydrogen flame experimentally investigated at the Technische Universität Berlin (TUB). In particular, the main differences between the Flamelet Generated Manifold and the Thickened Flame Model strategy are deeply analyzed as well as the effects of the thermal boundary conditions on the flame stabilization mechanism. The comparison with the experimental data shows the treatment employed drastically influences the accuracy of the obtained outcomes.

Performance evaluation and optimization of a multigeneration hybrid system for power, hydrogen, cooling, and freshwater production from renewable sources

Designing a hybrid system emerges as a highly efficient strategy for augmenting the performance of renewable-based power plants, owing to their adaptability in integrating diverse subsystems. In this study, a new multigeneration system is introduced, showcasing its capability to concurrently generate power, hydrogen, cooling, and freshwater through a synergy of methanol-steam reforming, modified absorption refrigeration cycles, humidification-dehumidification, and multi-effect desalination. The operational foundation of the system is rooted in the harmonious integration of solar and geothermal energy sources. To comprehensively evaluate the proposed system's performance, a combination of exergy and economic analyses is employed. This research studies the impacts of varying key parameters on the system's operation. Notably, the water-to-methanol ratio is identified as the most influential variable affecting reformer performance, underscoring the pivotal role of reforming pressure. The estimated total fixed cost of the system stands at $4.039 million, with a calculated payback period of 6 years and a net present value of $3.454 million. Furthermore, in its optimized state, the system achieves an impressive exergy efficiency of 49.80 % and a unit product cost of $32.38/GJ. These findings unequivocally validate the feasibility and economic viability of the proposed hybrid renewable-based power generation system. In conclusion, the amalgamation of solar and geothermal energy, coupled with meticulous parameter optimization, substantiates the potential of this innovative system to serve as a sustainable and economically viable solution for power generation.

Simultaneous solar steam and electricity generation from biochar based photothermal membranes

Clean water and energy are essential for reducing poverty, fostering economic growth and sustainable development while mitigating CO2 emissions. Considering that, solar-powered interfacial vapor or steam generation is sustainable and promising environmental technology for both water purification and energy generation while being CO2-free. Despite continuous research progress, most of the solar absorbers to capture sunlight following heat conversion for steam generation are generally made from expensive nanostructures, which in part prevents their widespread manufacturing for useful applications. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate a biomass-derived carbon composite membrane that nearly covers the entire sunlight spectrum as a solar absorber with an estimated absorptivity of 90%. As a result, the light absorbed yields a surface temperature of 55 °C at the surface of the B700 and 33 °C for water. Evaporation rates up to 1.26 and 1.16 kg/(m2 h) and solar-to-vapor efficiencies of 80 and 74% were recorded in presence of sodium chloride with two different types of biochar B700 and B300 based photothermal membranes, respectively, under 1 sun illumination. The water evaporation in presence of mixed sodium chloride/magnesium chloride reached up to 1.21 and 1.05 kg/(m2 h) with 77 and 69% efficiency with B700 and B300; due to different solar absorber geometry. Furthermore, by merging the thermoelectric technology, we exploit the concept of hybrid clean water and energy generation. At a relative humidity of 60%, the thermoelectric device may generate approximately 0.9 W/m2 power density. These results highlight the interactive effects of biochar and polyvinylidene fluoride with porous hierarchies and enhanced absorption of sunlight, thus enabling a considerable elevation of temperature with great potential for clean water and energy. Overall biochar photothermal membrane represents a significant advancement as low-cost sustainable technology, addressing both water and energy challenges by providing efficient, environmentally friendly solution for freshwater production and clean power generation.

The 4E emergy-based analysis of a novel multi-generation geothermal cycle using LNG cold energy recovery

Over the last decade, the increasing demand for sustainable energy sources has led to the development of innovative approaches in geothermal power plant cycles. In this study, a novel combined geothermal power plant cycle (GTPPC) that integrates the Kalina cycle, transcritical Carbon Dioxide (T-CO2) cycle, with the injections of the Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) stream and geothermal water (GTW) stream is proposed in order to provide cold and hot sources of the system. The performance of the system is evaluated using emergy analysis, an evaluation factor based on thermodynamic principle and solar energy with the aid of emergoeconomic and emergoenvironmental factors. The injection of LNG stream leads to significant improvements: enhancing the net output power and overall emergoeconomic and emergoenvironmental efficiencies of the cycle. By conducting improvement priority and parametric studies, crucial stream points and the system's performance's optimization is identified. Our results indicate that the Kalina sub-cycle has a greater impact on performance, and the exergy destruction in the LNG stream will be minimized. At the optimal point, the GTPPC achieves high thermal efficiency and emergy-based metrics, indicating its sustainability and viability as a geothermal power generation solution. By the injection of LNG stream, the net output power, and overall emergoeconomic and emergoenvironmental efficiencies of the cycle, improved by 1.79 MW, 14 %, and 16 %, respectively. According to the obtained results, the performance of the Kalina sub-cycle has more effect than the Carbon Dioxide sub-cycle, and destructing exergy in the LNG stream will have irreparable effects on the operation of the GTPPC. At the optimum point of the system performance, the GTPPC will operate with the thermal efficiency, ψ, and φ of 15.4 %, 94.3 %, and 98.5 %, respectively.

Modelling and analysis of the horizontal configuration of tidal fences in barrages

Tidal stream turbines are becoming an affordable option for harvesting sustainable energy in coastal areas. They can be retrofitted in barrages, providing an integral solution for flood protection and emission-free power generation, within environmental constraints. To optimize the turbine-barrage configuration with respect to these objectives, simulation tools are needed to predict the efficiency of the turbines as well as their impact on the adjacent tidal system. These tools should be based on an accurate representation of the underlying flow processes, which cover a wide range of spatial scales — from meters at the barrage and turbines to tenths of kilometers in the tidal basin. This article presents the development of such a tool by linking an analytical model for turbine fences in barrage gates to a regional flow model. The turbine model is validated with experimental data, and data from a thoroughly monitored tidal energy pilot project. Simulations reveal how clustering the turbines in small arrays can increase their efficiency, owing to array blockage effects, with only little effect on the tidal exchange. We also demonstrate the potential of using turbine fences to manipulate the tidal jet, issued from the barrage, with benefits for coastal — and wildlife protection in the basin. The presented research helps understanding how turbine fences in barrages can be configured with high energy yield and calculated impact to the environment.

Improvement of the cooling system of reactive power compensating devices used in railway power supply

This article analyzes the reactive power generation and compensation solutions in the "Uzbekistan Railways" electrical supply system operating at 25kV, 50Hz frequency. It examines the efficiency and economic analysis of the cooling system connected to the control components (thyristors) of the device compensating reactive power under various operating conditions. The study compares the conventional cooling system approach with the newly researched cooling system for the controlling components of reactive power compensation. It proposes specific systematic solutions regarding the electric locomotive's load current, environmental conditions, reliability of the cooling system, maintenance capabilities of the cooling system, and real-time monitoring and control analysis delivery to the service provider. Additionally, conclusions are drawn regarding the economic and energy efficiency.

Thermal-hydraulic and load following performance analysis of a heat pipe cooled reactor

Heat pipe cooled reactors have gained attention as a potential solution for nuclear power generation in space and deep sea applications because of their simple design, scalability, safety and reliability. However, under complex operating conditions, a control strategy for variable load operation is necessary. This paper presents a two-dimensional transient characteristics analysis program for a heat pipe cooled reactor and proposes a variable load control strategy using the recuperator bypass (CSURB). The program was verified against previous studies, and steady-state and step-load operating conditions were calculated. For normal operating condition, the predicted temperature distribution with constant heat pipe temperature boundary conditions agrees well with the literature, with a maximum temperature difference of 0.4 K. With the implementation of the control strategy using the recuperator bypass (CSURB) proposed in this paper, it becomes feasible to achieve variable load operation and return the system to a steady state solely through the self-regulation of the reactor, without the need to operate the control drum. The average temperature difference of the fuel does not exceed 1 % at the four power levels of 70 %,80 %, 90 % and 100 % Full power. The output power of the turbine can match the load change process, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the turbine increases as the power decreases.

Real-time modeling and optimization of molten salt storage with supercritical steam cycle for sustainable power generation and grid support

This research article presents an innovative approach to enhance sustainable power generation and grid support by integrating real-time modeling and optimization with Molten Salt Energy Storage (MSES) and a Supercritical Steam Cycle (s-SC). As renewable energy usage grows, intermittent resource availability challenges grid stability and reliable power supply. To address this, we develop a system that merges real-time modeling and optimization for precise control of MSES and s-SC components. This integration ensures uninterrupted energy generation, storage, and distribution, optimizing renewable energy use during high-demand periods. Mathematical models and simulations assess the system's dynamic behavior, performance, and economic viability. Rigorous techno-economic analysis highlights cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits. Findings reveal exceptional energy efficiency and grid support, making it a promising solution for sustainable power generation and grid stability amid renewable energy growth. Real-time modeling and optimization emerge as crucial components in modern energy systems. The Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system achieves 56% energy efficiency with off-design impacts considered and 63.61% without. Also, the overall system exergy efficiency decreased from 73.36% at design to approximately 63.55% under off-design scenarios. Regarding the economic aspect, the levelized cost of storage (LCOS) for the CHP system is estimated at 114.4 €/MWh with off-design conditions and 106.8 €/MWh without.

Overview of DC/DC Converters for Concentrating Photovoltaics (CPVs)

With energy efficiencies close to two times higher than traditional photovoltaic (PV), concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) systems represent a promising solution for solar power generation. In the same way, the converging Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of both technologies favors interest toward CPV systems. In order to assess more clearly the potential of this technology, an up-to-date evaluation of the power electronic conversion techniques used in CPV to increase the yielded energy is crucial. This assessment not only sheds light on the latest advancements, but also provides insights into design trade-offs, performance limitations, and potential areas for improvement in CPV systems. This work focuses on the DC/DC converters used as an intermediary stage of conversion between the panels and a central grid-tied inverter. Electrical and economical metrics are used to compare actual converters developed and presented in a comprehensive literature review.

Thermodynamics Analysis of a Novel Compressed Air Energy Storage System Combined with Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Micro Gas Turbine and Using Low-Grade Waste Heat as Heat Source

As the next generation of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems is being developed, designing a novel integrated system is essential for its successful adaptation in the various grid load demands. This study proposes a novel design framework for a hybrid energy system comprising a CAES system, gas turbine, and high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells, aiming for power generation and energy storage solutions. The overall model of the hybrid power generation system was constructed in Aspen PlusTM, and the mass balance, energy balance, and thermodynamic properties of the thermal system were simulated and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the hybrid system utilizes the functional complementarity of CAES and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), resulting in the cascade utilization of energy, a flexible operation mode, and increased efficiency. The overall round-trip efficiency of the system is 63%, and the overall exergy efficiency is 67%, with a design net power output of 12.5 MW. Additionally, thermodynamic analysis shows that it is advisable to operate the system under lower ambient temperatures of 25 °C, higher compressor and turbine isentropic efficiencies of 0.9, a higher fuel utilization of 0.62, and optimal SOFC/MGT split air flow rates of 1.1 kg/s. The results of this article provide guidance for designing innovative hybrid systems and system optimization.

Optimization and comparison of two-stage thermoelectric generators considering the influence of temperature variation on materials for waste heat utilization

Thermoelectricity technology, as a kind of cost-effective and pollution-free power generation solution, is often used for waste heat recovery and utilization. In this paper, the temperature distribution of a Two-stage Thermoelectric Generator (TTEG) under constant temperature conditions has been studied using a one-dimensional heat conduction model. Moreover, by combining the obtained temperature distribution with the three-dimensional size of TTEG, a calculation formula of resistance and voltage was developed based on the calculus method. When the sum of cross-sectional areas of all the PN-type thermoelectric arms respectively in high- and low-temperature layers is constant, the optimal ratio between cross-sectional areas of a single PN-thermoelectric arm respectively in high- and low-temperature layers can be calculated using the proposed formula in this study to achieve the maximum output power. Results also showed the relationship between the heights of PN-type thermoelectric arms and the temperature distributions in high- and low-temperature layers. Using PbTe as the medium temperature thermoelectric material and Bi2Te3 as the low temperature thermoelectric material, a case study was conducted on the PN-type thermoelectrics with the same total height and the same total cross-sectional area. The theoretical calculation results showed that the bigger of maximum output power between the two-stage thermoelectric generator and that of the Segmented Thermoelectric Generator (STEG) is related to the hot and cold end temperature.

Empowering Sustainability: The Promise of Energy Harvesting from Wheel Motion (Experiment and simulation)

The evident rise in the demand for durable and environmentally friendly power solutions in the future has spurred the advancement of inventive energy harvesting architectures, specifically emphasizing renewable sources such as wind and solar power. This study aims to make a valuable contribution to the field of energy harvesting by introducing an original concept: the utilization of energy generated from wheel motion. The proposed method involves strategically positioning magnets and copper coils inside the hubcap's spoke. As the wheel rotates, the magnets' movement induces a winding action within the coils. This dynamic interaction, in accordance with Faraday's Law, generates an electric current within the coil. To assess the effectiveness of this approach, a meticulously designed experimental setup was implemented, measuring the output voltage of the electromagnetics. These measurements provide significant insights into the energy harvesting potential of this method. Furthermore, to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the findings, a numerical simulation was conducted, enabling a comprehensive analysis and validation of the experimental results. By exploring the concept of wheel motion energy harvesting, this research strives to contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient power generation solutions. The integration of electromagnetic principles into this innovative approach highlights the viability of utilizing wheel motion as a practical energy source. These findings pave the way for further advancements in energy harvesting technologies, fostering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

Optimization of the pilot fuel injection and engine load for an algae biodiesel - hydrogen run dual fuel diesel engine using response surface methodology

The main objective of the study is to enhance the performance and emissions of hydrogen and biodiesel dual-fuel engines by optimizing injection timing and engine load using response surface methodology. The pilot fuel considered for this study is Algae biodiesel. A mono-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine is tested for three different pilot fuel injection timings (23° BTDC, 26° BTDC, and 29° BTDC) and five different engine loads (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%). For a dual fuel operation, a maximum brake thermal efficiency of 28.21% and an 85% replacement of liquid charge was achieved at pilot fuel injection timing of 26° BTDC and 100% load based on the experimental results. For the same setting of injection timing of 26° BTDC, the emissions of CO and HC were significantly reduced by 12.12% and 36.13%, respectively, at the 80% load setting. While response surface optimum was found at 72.81% load and 25.73° BTDC Injection timing. At this optimal operating parameter setting, a significant reduction of CO, HC, and NOx emissions by 20.98%, 29.15%, and 1.91%, respectively, was obtained while maintaining a comparable brake thermal efficiency of 25.06% and a replacement of liquid charge by 72.15%, respectively. Thus, a biodiesel-hydrogen dual-fuel diesel engine is one of the green solutions for power generation.