Povidine Iodine Research Articles

Penapisan Fitokimia dan Efek Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Daun Jarak Merah (Jatropha gossypiifolia) pada Mencit (Mus musculus)

Bellyache Bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) is a plant registered as one of the plants withvarious medical properties due to its Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, and Terpenoids. Bellyache Bush plays a significant role in accelerating wound healing and cell regeneration. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the ethyl acetate fraction from Bellyache Bush leaves (Jatropha gossypiifolia) on male mice (Mus musculus). Bellyache Bush leaves was extracted using a multistage maceration method using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as solvents. This effectiveness of incision wound healing was tested by divided the test animals into five experimental groups, and each consisting of 3 male mice. All mice were treated according to their respective experimental groups : Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (positive control with 10% povidone iodine), Group 3 (5% Bellyache Bush extract), Group 4 (10% Bellyache Bush extract), Group 5 (15% Bellyache Bush extract), until the wounds healed or white scar tissue was observed. The results indicate that at a concentration of 15% the ethyl acetate fraction of Bellyache Bush extract was more effective compared to the positive control, povidine iodine.

Effectiveness of Chlorhexidine and Povidone Iodine in Preventing Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) in C-Section Deliveries

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Chlorhexidine and Povidone iodine in preventing SSIs in C-section deliveries. Methodology: The study was conducted at a medical university and hospital in Karachi, from January 2021 July 2021. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to select 35 participants. The study included women aged 18 to 45 years. The efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Povidone iodine in preventing SSIs was evaluated. Two groups were randomly assigned, with Group 1 receiving Chlorhexidine gluconate and Group 2 receiving Povidone-Iodine for skin preparation. Data on various factors were recorded, and the occurrence of SSIs within ten days of cesarean delivery was assessed. Results: The study included women aged 18 to 45 years. The efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Povidine iodine in preventing SSIs was evaluated. The results showed that Chlorhexidine was effective in preventing SSIs in 94.3% of cases, while Povidone iodine was effective in 91.4% of cases. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. The study results were consistent with previous research showing a reduction in SSI rates with the use of Chlorhexidine or Povidone- iodine. The overall rate of SSI was lower in the Chlorhexidine group, but contextual factors and adherence to infection control practices may influence outcomes. Conclusion. This study augments existing knowledge on preventing SSIs in C-section deliveries. While both Chlorhexidine and Povidone-iodine demonstrated comparable efficacy, Chlorhexidine appeared slightly more effective in reducing SSIs. Nonetheless, the study's limitations underscore the necessity for further research in diverse healthcare settings.

Diabetic wound healing activity of Elaeagnus conferta Roxb. leaf ethanol extract

High blood glucose level and gangrene wounds are becoming difficult to cure for the medical sciences nowadays. The goal of the current study is to assess the diabetic wound healing activity of Elaeagnus conferta leaf ethanol extract (LEE). The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the LEE revealed the presence of total phenols (42.20 ± 1.3 μg/gm) and flavonoids (45.23 ± 1.2 μg/gm). HR-LCMS analysis of the LEE revealed the presence of 27 phytoconstituents, among them Telmisartan was expressed with higher concentration. Alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats were administered with LEE of Elaeagnus conferta and the extract was locally applied to excision, incision and dead space wound models of diabetic rats. LEE at the concentration of (200 mg /kg. /bw.) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels when compared to the untreated diabetic group. In excision wound models on 21st day of treatment, the percentage of epithelization was increased to 99.86±0.08 and in the incision model, tensile strength of the wound was increased to 798.7±37.08gm as compared to Povidine iodine ointment. In slico molecular docking studies of the Telmisartan ligand with the glycogen synthase kinase- 3 protein resulted with 2 hydrogen bonds and 13 hydrophobic interactions indicating the suppression of wound enhancing protein. Present study authenticates the antidiabetic property and wound healing efficacy of E. conferta leaf ethanol extract.

Management of dog bite wounds: Our protocol and experience with early surgical intervention

Dog bites injuries are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Conventionally, it was suggested to leave the wounds open due to probable increased risk of infections and occurrence of rabies with suturing.Recent publications indicate that primary closure does not necessarily affect the chances of infection but definitely helps in improving the quality of scar. We are presenting our experience and protocol for primary closure of all dog bite wounds. From March 2020 to February 2021, 10 consecutive patients of all ages coming to the emergency of our hospital with category 3 dog bite that penetrated the epidermis and dermis and presenting within 48 hours of injury were included. Every patient was administered first dose of anti rabies vaccine (ARV) (zero dose) for active immunisation and was also given injection tetanus intramuscularly. Mean age of patients in our study was 20.9 with range from 2 years to 90 years. Only 2/10 patients developed infections which were managed conservatively with drainage of abscess and antibiotics. Rest all patients recovered without complications. Primary closure of dog bite wounds when associated with debridement, sufficient irrigation, povidine iodine cleansing and antibiotic administration resulted in improved cosmetic appearance without increase in the rate of infection.

Activity of Ozonated Water in Sterilising and Disinfecting Dental Unit Water Pipelines System: A Comparative Study.

A number of disinfectants and sanitisers are used in dentistry, and there are numerous commercial solutions available. Nonetheless, because each cleaning solution has its own set of indications and limits, there is no one-size-fits-all approach for processing all types of dental equipment. Functional water, such as electrolysed hypochlorite microbubbled water, efficiently eliminates and sterilises biofilms. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether ozonated water could be used to sterilise and disinfect dental-unit water pipelines (DUWP) that had been contaminated with micro-organisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli and cocci. Three different groups were formed: group A - ozonated water (Cantoosh); group B - 1% povidine iodine; and group C: conventional distilled water. Group A was the test group, group B the control group, and group C was the positive control group. The water sterilising system was replaced with the appropriate sterilising agent as per the allocated group classification, with 2 min of purging, so that the complete DUWP was filled with the water sterilising system. Samples were collected and analysed, along with a 2-min purge after 24 h, 7 days and 21 days, at the 3 outlet (OL) points: the 3-way syringe at the dental tray(OL1), the cup filler (OL2), and the 3-way syringe of the assistant zone (OL3). Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for statistical significance between colony-forming units of control and experimental groups (p < 0.05). The cup filler yielded higher counts than did the 3-way syringe at the dental tray (OL1) (6.40 and 8.05 on the log scale, respectively). A statistically significant difference in the CFUs was also observed between samples taken after 24 h vs 21 days between groups A, B and C. The findings showed that exposing DUWP tube systems to ozonated water for an extended length of time drastically lowered the number of microorganisms adhering to their surfaces.

English

BACKGROUND Even the normal skin of healthy humans usually harbours a rich bacterial flora, which are usually non-pathogenic. But these organisms always have a potential to cause infection of the surgical site. The aim of surgical site preparation with antiseptics is to remove microorganisms harbouring the skin surface to a lower level. Povidine iodine (iodophors) and chlorhexidine are the agents most often used for pre-operative surgical site antisepsis. In this study, we wanted to determine the efficacy of pre-operative skin preparation with aqueous povidone iodine alone and when used in combination with alcoholic chlorhexidine for surgical site asepsis. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. 200 patients (100 in each group) were considered for the study who were undergoing clean elective surgery. Pre-operative preparation of skin in the surgical area was done by the respective antiseptic which was planned accordingly, after such application, sterile saline swab culture was taken immediately from the site of incision during surgery. In the cases which showed growth of organisms, they were isolated from colonies and subjected to gram staining, coagulase test and antibiotic sensitivity test. The organisms thus isolated were identified by their morphological and cultural characteristics and difference in colonization rates were considered as a measure of antiseptic regimen efficacy. RESULTS The results showed that, usage of povidine iodine along with alcoholic chlorhexidine is more efficacious and showed significant reduction of colonization rates at the site of incision, in comparison to using povidone iodine alone. Postoperative wound infections were lower, when povidine iodine is used in combination with chlorhexidine is used for pre-operative surgical site preparation. CONCLUSIONS Pre-operative skin preparation with the chlorhexidine gluconate 2.5 % v/v in 70 % propanol followed by aqueous povidone-iodine solution is an ideal for broad spectrum asepsis and the post-operative wound infection rate is much lower as compared to povidone iodine alone. KEYWORDS Skin Disinfection; Chlorhexidine; Propanol; Povidone-iodine; Bacterial Colonization

Efficacy and safety of povidone iodine with dimethyl sulfoxide vs 0.05% tretinoin in treatment of molluscum contagiosum: A randomized case control study

Efficacy and safety of povidone iodine with dimethyl sulfoxide vs 0.05% tretinoin in treatment of molluscum contagiosum: A randomized case control study

Laceración perineal en una oveja Texel: reporte de un caso

The perineal laceration is one of the most common injuries related to the parturition, mostly in the equine specie, and, less frequently, in the bovine species. This disease is uncommon in ovine, therefore justifying the importance this case report. The present work aimed to present a case report of a third-degree laceration in a Texel breed ewe. Where received at the Veterinary Clinics School of the UNICENTRO, a Texel ewe, primiparous, 1.5 year of age, with historic of laceration during the birth of an only male lamb with 4,5kg. During the physical examination, all parameters were normal, but the laceration involved the dorsal commissure of the vulva, anal sphincter and a small portion of the vestibule. The preconized treatment was the immediate surgical intervention, once the animal was recent lambed and still not yet developed an intense local edema. Due the lesion at rectum and vestibule, were performed an epidural and infiltrative local anesthesia with lidocaine 2%. The vaginal vestibular mucosa suture pattern was Cushing, using an absorbable thread n.0. To the vulva reconstruction was necessary the resection of a segment of the mucous-cutaneous junction of each vulvar lip, followed by a single point suture, using a non-absorbable thread n.2-0. At the postoperative were administered sulfa + trimetoprim (15mg/kg, IM, SID) during seven days, and flunixin meglumine (1.1mg/kg, IM, SID) for three days. Daily wound cleaning was performed using povidine iodine diluted in NaCl 0.9% solution, finishing with a fly repellent around the perineal region. The suture was removed after 10 days, with the complete wound healing. Despite the successful surgery treatment outcome, the owner decided to discard the ewe after the lamb weaning.

Pre-eminence and comparative analysis of skin and surface disinfectants: A systematic review to pave the way for SARS-CoV-2 prevention

More than 200 countries have been devastated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The health workers exposed to SARS patients have been confirmed to be infected with coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), regardless of the degree of their exposure. The increasing complexity of virus existence and heterogeneity has cast doubt on disinfectants as a viable choice. Hence, the present systematic review aims to achieve the comparative analysis of established disinfectants against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Three databases (Pubmed, Google scholar, and Medline) were searched to frame the systematic review. Our comparative analyses with 34 studies have found that 85% ethanol-based hand sanitizers and 7.5% Povidine Iodine based soaps/surgical scrub could be used to deter the SARS-CoV-2 virus as preferred hand sanitizers. For surface eradication, 0.5% sodium hypochlorite or a mixture of glutaraldehyde, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QAC), and isopropanol could have more efficacies as compared to hydrogen peroxide, phenol, and QAC alone. Moreover, the accelerated hydrogen peroxide as an active ingredient in the automatic quick surface disinfectant (tunnel system), maybe a positive indication for quick whole-body sanitation. Additionally, the alternative method for avoiding the rapidly increasing chain of infection with SARS and restarting regular life has been exclusively discussed.

Locally isolated broad host-range bacteriophage kills methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vivo skin excisional wound model in mice

From the perspective of an ever-increasing multidrug resistance among bacterial pathogens, bacteriophages are receiving renewed interest as potential alternative to antibiotics. We investigated the potential of a locally isolated species-specific phage against Staphylococcus aureus infection in a skin excisional wound model in mice. A significant time-dependent increase (P < 0.05) in wound healing was observed in the phage-treated mice groups. The animals treated with the phage ΦDMSA-2 exhibited a faster re-epithelialization and faster tissue re-modelling. Bacterial load in the infected tissue in all phage-treated groups diminished. The mean ± SD CFU per ml decreased from 3.3 × 108 ± 3.5 × 106 at day 1–1.43 × 103 ± 8.48 × 102 at day 16 (P < 0.05). The highest reduction in the bacterial load was observed in G5 (povidine-iodine treated) and G6 (povidine iodine + phage 107 PFU) groups as no bacterial counts were detected by day 12 in both groups. Interestingly, group G3, which was treated with a lower phage concentration (5 × 106 PFU), resulted in total clearing of the inoculated bacteria by day 16; while bacterial counts were still detected by that time in group G4, which was treated with a higher phage concentration of 107 PFU. Animals from phage-treated group G3 survived 100%, while those from the infected wound control group survived at a rate of 34% at day 9 and reached 0% by the end of day 22 (P < 0.001). The data from this study convincingly showed that phage treatment of the S. aureus-infected wounds resulted in a faster wound healing and a 100% survival of the animals. The results emphasize the utility of locally isolated species-specific phages in treatment against multidrug-resistant MRSA infections.

Exploration of the role of a lithophytic fern, Pteris vittata L. in wound tissue regeneration and remodelling of genes in hyperglycaemic rat model

BackgroundIn hyperglycemic conditions like diabetes, impaired wound healing occurs due to endothelial damage, dysfunction of leukocyte, decreased phagocytosis and secondary infection which may lead to amputation and debility. Ethnomedicinally, Pteris vittata L. (PV) is used for wound healing. This fern is arsenic hyper-accumulator but its therapeutic aspect is still unexplored. Hence, the present study was put forth to study its aqueous extract and ethanolic extract in diabetic wound healing.MethodsRats were divided into diabetic control, povidine iodine (PI) treated, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of PV treated groups (n = 6). Circular excision wound closure was observed for 15 days with and without treatment. After study completion, skin was divided into four sections wherein first section was homogenized for collagen, hydroxyproline and hexosamine assay. Second, third and fourth sections were used for antioxidant assay, gene expression and histopathology. Column purified fraction of ethanolic extract of PV was subjected to High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass spectroscopy. Data obtained were analyzed using one way analysis of variance and expressed as Mean ± SD.ResultsThe percentage difference in wound area of day 15 to day 0 showed 65% wound contraction in diabetic control rats. The percentage reduction in wound area showed by PI and extracts of PV were 79% and 85% respectively. Statistical significant increase in collagen, hydroxyproline and hexosamine was observed in the test groups as compared to disease control and PI treated rats. Similarly, statistical significant increases in antioxidant enzymes were observed in the treated groups with decrease in lipid peroxidation. Treatment of rats with PI and two extracts of PV up-regulated Matrix Metalloprotein-9, Collagenase-2 and VEGF-1 and down regulated Tumor Necrosis Factor- α and Interleukin-6. Histopathology in diabetic rats showed incomplete scab formation with haemorrhages which were absent in treated rats. Spectral data showed presence of polyphenolic compounds, fatty acids and ascorbic acid.ConclusionAlternative and complimentary management based on herbal biotherapy which can promote angiogenesis, increase collagen and lower the levels of reactive oxygen species are warranted for healing of wounds in hyperglycaemic conditions which were achieved by two extracts of PV.

Does endoscopic sclerotherapy in filarial chyluria affect renal function and morphology? A prospective study using dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan

ObjectiveTo look for change in relative renal function and document renal scarring following endoscopic renal pelvic instillation sclerotherapy (RPIS) in patients with chyluria by dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan. MethodsA prospective study was performed between November 2015 and September 2016. All patients with biochemically documented chyluria who underwent RPIS using either 1%-silver nitrate or 0.1%-povidine iodine were included. Patients received either 3-, 6- or 9-doses. DMSA renal scan was performed before and 2–3 months after sclerotherapy. ResultsOf the 34 patients, 22 were males. Mean age was 41.08 ± 16.64 years (range, 15–70 years). Thirty-two patients (94.1%) responded to therapy while two did not respond even after 9-doses. Average follow-up was 8.94 ± 3.70 months. The mean relative renal function (pre-instillation) of normal kidney was 50.76% ± 3.55% while that of affected renal unit (side of instillation) was 49.20% ± 3.44% (range, 43.0%–61.0%). After instillation therapy, the mean relative renal function of normal side was 52.26% ± 3.57% while that of affected renal unit was 47.50% ± 3.56% (range, 41.0%–54.0%). The relative renal function did not change >5% from the baseline value in any patient except one (in which the differential function increased paradoxically by 12%). Two patients developed renal scar in post-instillation renal scan. ConclusionEndoscopic sclerotherapy in chyluria is safe and effective. The relative renal function does not deteriorate by more than 5%. There is a small risk of development of renal scar. More studies involving larger number of patients are needed to answer this dilemma.

Clinical study in management of infected diabetic foot ulcers: superoxidised solution versus povidine iodine solution

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is a one of the major challenging problem to every surgeon in day to day practice. Superoxidised solution is an effective concept in the wound management. The present study was aimed to compare the efficacy of dressings with superoxidised solution versus povidine iodine in the management of infected diabetic ulcers.Methods: This is a randomized controlled study conducted over a period of one year. In our study, total of 60 patients presenting with infected diabetic ulcers are included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each, group A (Topical superoxidised solution dressing) and group B (Topical povidine iodine dressing). Wound was observed for decrease in size of the ulcer, granulation, tissue quality and discharge from the wound at the end of each week for two weeks.Results: In the present study, 76.67% of patients in group A and B were males and the male to female ratio was 3.2:1. The mean age in group A was 55.90±14.27 years compared to 51.50±13.18 years in group B. The mean initial ulcer area in group A was 3882±1890 mm2 compared to 3992±2000 mm2 in group B. The mean post treatment final area in group A was significantly low (1607±862 mm2) compared to group B (2351±1240 mm2; p=0.009) and the comparison of mean change in ulcer area was significantly high in group A compared to group B (2215±1060 mm2 vs 1641±856 mm2; p=0.024). The mean percentage reduction in ulcer area among patients with group A was significantly high (58.90±5.21 percent vs. 40.90±8.76 percent; p=0.024). The commonest organism isolated in group A was Escherichia coli (26.67%) and in group B, it was staphylococcus. The culture was positive in 26% of the patients in group A compared to 50% in group B (p=0.063).Conclusions: Overall, topical superoxidised solution dressing for diabetic foot ulcer accelerated the healing process resulting in faster recovery through reduction in ulcer area compared to topical povidine iodine dressing.

Comparative clinical effectiveness of preoperative skin antiseptic preparations of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine for preventing surgical site infections in dogs

Contamination of surgical sites often resulting from inadequate surgical site preparation and poor asepsis is a common cause of surgical site infection (SSI) and postoperative complications. Standard practice ensuring preoperative skin disinfection helps to prevent the incidence of SSI. The choice of antiseptic therefore poses a serious counterbalance for the surgeon. This study was carried out to determine whether skin asepsis immediately prior to surgical site incision will reduce skin microbial burden that may potentiate the incidence of SSI and to compare the clinical effectiveness of chlorhexidine gluconate B.P 0.3%W/V, Cetrimide B.P 3.05 W/V (CG + Cetrimide) against povidone iodine 10% (PI) in pre-surgical skin preparation and asepsis in dogs. A total of 15 dogs were used for the study. Both side of each dog was used for the study, right side for CG + Certrimide and left side for PI; (n = 30). Aseptic agents’ chlorhexidine gluconate 0.3% and Cetrimide 3.0% and povidine iodine 10% were used as pre surgical scrub solutions prior to surgery. Swab samples were evaluated before scrubbing, 0, 30, 60 and 90 min after scrubbing. Percent reductions of bacterial colony forming units were determined for all site scrub techniques. Mixed-design ANOVA results revealed significant difference (P < 0.05) within groups and no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the disinfectant effects between groups treated with CG + Cetrimide and povidone iodine respectively across the various time periods. Changes in the mean bacteria count were observed to be equivalent using CG + Cetrimide and povidone iodine. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between CG + Cetrimide and PI in preoperative surgical skin preparations.

WOUND CARE USING HONEY TOWARD CALCULATION VALUE AND TYPE OF LEUKOCYTE IN POST-HERNIOTOMY PATIENTS

Introduction. The number of hernia sufferers in Ambarawa Government Hospital ( RSUD Ambarawa) increased into 1.2% within two decades, which were in 2012 and 2013. There were 14 people (4,2 %) were infected. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of wound care using honey toward leukocytes calculation value and leukocytes type in post-herniotomy patients in Ambarawa Government Hospital ( RSUD Ambarawa ).Method. This research used quantitative research method with quasi experiment design, and it used Post Test with control design. The population of this research was the post-herniotomy patients (The number of population was 20 people). The number of population was divided into two groups. 10 people were treated with honey, and the other 10 people were treated by using povidon iodine. Moreover, this research used incidental sampling technique. Result. The research result with independent t-test, it showed that there was difference between leukocytes calculation value with p-value 0,041 and there was no difference on monocytes, lymphocyte, and granulocytes calculation value between treatment group and control group with p-value 0.714; 0.222; and 1.00. Discussion. From the research result, It can be concluded that there was effect on leukocytes calculation value and there was no effect on monocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes calculation value in post-herniatomy patients who were treated with honey compared to those patients who were treated by using povidine iodine. Keywords: Wound care, honey, povidon iodine, leukocytes

Frequency of Infection in Cervical Lymph Node Biopsy Site using Chlorhexidine and Povidine Iodine

Frequency of Infection in Cervical Lymph Node Biopsy Site using Chlorhexidine and Povidine Iodine

Frequency of Infection in Cervical Lymph Node Biopsy Site using Chlorhexidine and Povidine Iodine

Abstract:Background: Lymph node are located throughout the lymphatic system, they are concentrated in certain areas of the body including head and neck. Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. Of the 800 lymph nodes in the human body, 300 are in the neck. Cervical lymph nodes are subject to several different pathological conditions including tumours, infection and inflammation.Methodology: The Povidine-iodine and chlorhexidine for preoperative skin preparation in cervical lymph node biopsy procedure were used in this study and patients were asked for follow up after a week. On follow up day their wounds were checked, assessed and withdraw all stiches and complications were recorded accordingly and analysed them. It was discussed and showed that which one of Povidine-iodine and chlorhexidine is best to use for preoperative skin preparation in cervical lymph node biopsy procedures to reduce surgical site infection and economical one.Results: Out of 150 patients, 46% (69) were males and 54% (81) were females that had cervical lymphadenopathy after skin preparation by chlorhexidine antiseptic solution showed frequency of infection in total of 150 patients 16.67% (25) were infected while the other 83.33%(125) were not infected. Out of 150 patients who were underwent cervical lymphadenopathy after using povidine iodine skin preparatory antiseptic solution, 42% (63) were males and 58% (87) were females and among those frequency of infection showed 44.67% (67) were infected while the others 55.33% (83) were not.Conclusion: Preoperative scrubbing of the patient’s skin with chlorhexidine–alcohol is better than scrubbing with povidone–iodine for preventing surgical-site infection after cervical lymph node biopsy.

Efektivitas lumatan daun sirih hijau dibandingkan dengan povidine iodine sebagai alternatif obat luka

Abstract: Betel leaf can be used as an antiseptic. Its chemical contents are saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, and essential/aetheric oil. Saponins may act as antimicrobials by damaging cytoplasmic membranes and lead to cell death. The flavonoids are thought to act by of denaturing bacterial cell proteins and damaging the cell membranes irreversibly. Medically, 10% povidone iodine could speed up wound healing. However, traditionally, a number of plants have been used to prevent inflammation and to improve wound healing. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of betel leaf on wound healing in rabbits. This was an experimental study with the post control only controlled group design. Samples were obtained randomly. The Mann-Whitney test showed a P-value of 0.000 on wound healing and a P-value of 1.000 on infection. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in improvement of wound healing between betel leaf and 10% povidine iodine application but there was no significant difference between them in prevention of infection.Keywords: betel leaf, incision wound, povidone iodineAbstrak: Daun sirih bisa digunakan sebagai antiseptik. Kandungan kimia dari tanaman sirih ialah saponin, flavonoid, polifenol, dan minyak atsiri. Senyawa saponin dapat bekerja sebagai antimikroba dengan merusak membran sitoplasma dan membunuh sel. Senyawa flavonoid diduga memiliki mekanisme kerja mendenaturasi protein sel bakteri dan merusak membran sel tanpa dapat diperbaiki lagi. Secara medis, untuk mempercepat penyembuhan luka bisa diolesi povidone iodine 10%, tetapi secara tradisional sejumlah tanaman telah digunakan untuk mencegah peradangan dan penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas daun sirih terhadap penyembuhan luka pada kelinci. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan post test only controlled group design. Sampel penelitian diambil secara acak (random). Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan nilai P=0,000 pada parameter penyembuhan luka dan memiliki perbedaan bermakna sedangkan pada parameter infeksi nilai P 1,000 (P &gt;0,05) tidak memiliki perbedaan bermakna. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam penyembuhan luka antara aplikasi daun sirih dan povidine iodine 10% tetapi tidak dalam terjadinya infeksi. Kata kunci: daun sirih,luka insisi , povidone iodine

Uterovaginal Packing as Treatment in Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage in Patan Hospital

Aims: To study the effectiveness of uterovaginal packing in the management of primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in Patan hospital, Lalitpur from January 2009-2011. Patients included in the study were those with intractable hemorrhage not responding to oxytocics. Exclusion criteria included cases of PPH due to trauma. Packing was done using approximately six inches sterile gauze soaked with povidine iodine packed into the uterus from the uterine fundus up to the vaginal canal. The packing is removed after 48 hours of insertion or earlier in cases of failure to control hemorrhage.Results: There were 46 cases of uterovaginal packing for primary PPH. Uterine atony was the commonest cause of packing. Uterovaginal packing was successful in 39(84.7%) cases.Conclusion: Uterovaginal packing is safe, easy and quick procedure to manage primary PPH. It is beneficial in cases of PPH due to atony thereby conserve the uterus.

A Comparative Study on Wound Healing with Topical Application of Human Epidermal Growth Factor verses Application of Povidone-Iodine in Diabetic Wounds

Diabetic wounds or ulcers are major complication of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that impedes the normal steps of wound healing process Major increase in morbidity in diabetic patients is due to macro and micro vascular complications including failure of wound healing process. Diabetes is the cause for more than 3/4 th lower limb amputation Increased glucose in the tissue precipitates infection. The aim of this study is to establish whether topical application of human epidermal growth factor enhance wound healing better than conventional povidone-iodine dressing in diabetic wounds. For one group of patients, topical application of recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel over the wound and wound dressing was done twice daily For other group of patients, topical application of povidone-iodine over the wound and wound dressing done twice daily. The Human Epidermal Growth Factor Application group patients equally belonged to the male gender class interval (n=15, 50%). In the Conventional Povidone Iodine Dressing group patients, majority belonged to the male gender class interval (n=15, 50%). The association between the intervention groups and gender distribution is considered to be not statistically significant since p > 0.05 as per fishers exact test. The results of the study conclude that the topical application of human epidermal growth factor enhances wound healing significantly and is better than conventional povidine iodine dressing.