Potential Transgression Research Articles

Potential sites of transgression in Michael Crummey's The Innocents: Questioning theoretical and ethical boundaries

AbstractThe article offers a reading of Michael Crummey's The Innocents (2019) through the lens of potential transgressions, such as the crossing of moral boundaries, cultural appropriation, or the secondary colonization of the Indigene. It argues the validity of reading Canadian invader–settler stories in the light of postcolonial studies and discusses the hazards of literary representation of First Nations in historical fiction produced by non‐Native writers. Secondly, the critical analysis focuses on the subversive rewriting of the biblical tale of Adam and Eve as Crummey's strategy for negotiating his (island's) settler identity. Finally, the chapter problematizes the incestuous nature of Ada and Evered's relationship as a potential though highly disputable transgression.

Balancing democracy: majoritarianism versus expression of preference intensity

This paper evaluates three prominent voting systems: the Majority Rule (MR), Borda Rule (BR), and Plurality Rule (PR). Our analysis centers on the susceptibilities of each system to potential transgressions of two foundational principles: the respect for majority preference (majoritarianism) and the acknowledgment of the intensity of individual preferences. We operationalize the concept of 'cost' as the expected deviation from the aforementioned principles. A comparative assessment of MR, BR, and PR is undertaken in terms of their costs. Our findings underscore the superiority of PR over MR, whilst also highlighting the comparative advantage of MR against BR.

IS IT (MICRO)CHEATING? HOW SOCIAL MEDIA CONFOUND ASSUMPTIONS IN ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS

Social media have changed the ways we communicate, meet others, and form intimate relationships. However, technology can also mediate intimate partner surveillance and abuse (Muise, 2009; Tokunaga, 2010). One of the most explicit ways to understand these shifts is through the transgressing of relationship boundaries, defined and enforced by settler-colonial notions of compulsory monogamy (TallBear, 2020). Anxieties around cheating have evolved along with our technologies, as evidenced by ambiguous new terms like “microcheating” and “emotional cheating” (Lusinski, 2018). In this in-progress, mixed-methods study, we examine new definitions of cheating through analyzing discussions about potential transgressions on Reddit. Specifically, we investigate 1) which behaviors cause uncertainty in emerging forms of social media-enabled infidelity and 2) the degree to which relationship discourse online naturalizes the extension of compulsory monogamy into online space. For our pilot analysis, we used computational techniques to elicit common subjects within subreddit posts to then analyze qualitatively. We began with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), an unsupervised natural language processing tool, to organize Reddit posts and comments by topic (Blei, 2012). Then we qualitatively analyzed Reddit discourse by using critical discourse analysis. Our pilot analysis suggested a belief that proof of (in)fidelity can be found on a partner’s smartphone, such as by reading texts. This orientation toward evidence then justifies surveillance and hacking of a partner’s phone and computer presence, construing the invasion of privacy as the right to truth. This preliminary finding suggests that discourse around transgressive behaviors on social media likely reiterates compulsory monogamy and settler sexuality.

Facilitating internal audit quality and improving the performance of medical clinics

IMPACT This article advances a new form of leadership—audit leadership—for cultivating internal audit quality in medical clinics. The authors document the power of audit leadership, manifested by two facets—professional and relational behaviours—for developing a work environment in which people develop interpersonal trust and psychological safety, which is conducive for internal audit quality. The authors show how managers of medical clinics can shape a work environment in which internal audit is embraced and supported in ways that can help the units to perform at higher levels. Importantly, internal audit, often viewed as an unproductive organizational function, enables learning, process improvement and is a deterrence against potential transgressions. This article will be of particular interest to financial, accounting and management scholars, as well as professional auditors, managers, accountants and financial experts.

Media reverberations on the ‘red line’: Syria, metaphor and narrative in news media

This study uses a CADS (Corpus Assisted Discourse Studies) approach to identify a series of axes around which degrees of persuasion can be mapped in debates about international affairs. The author investigates how US and UK news media reported Obama’s use of the term ‘red line’ to describe the potential transgression if Syrian leader Assad used chemical weapons on civilians, which Assad then did. The article examines the connotational, argumentational and rhetorical behaviour of ‘red line’ across news media in the period 4–28 September 2013. In a corpus-assisted analysis of ‘red line’, six discoursal factors emerged as persuasive axes at work: (1) leader’s image; (2) ideological positioning, even in mutual intervention; (3) persuasion consistency; (4) factual investigation; (5) factual interpretation reporting; and (6) evaluated metaphor development. These axes proactively work at the crossroads of metaphor and narrative as transformative and mutually interactive agents in discoursal change. The analysis also identified other subcategories of research potential, plus correlated lexis and concepts such as ‘weakness’ vs ‘strength’. The study’s significance is to ground reflection on the function of metaphor and narrative in steering sense-making in diplomatic practice and to highlight their pragmatic force and dynamics – here in the news genre.

Professional Ethical Concerns and Recommendations on Psychological Interventions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China

When COVID-19 pandemic hit China, Chinese clinical psychologists, counselors and other practitioners reacted quickly to provide psychological interventions for different target groups. Different professional ethical concerns and potential transgressions arose during different stages of pandemic. This paper aimed to summarize different ethical concerns and transgressions during different stages of pandemic in China, as well as how the professional ethical workgroup in the registration system of clinical psychologists and professional organizations of Chinese Psychological Society (CPS) to publish a series of documents as recommendations on ethical practice. It is hoped by providing a picture of “problems vs. solutions” in terms of professional ethical issues on psychological interventions for COVID-19 pandemic in China, the paper may provide certain inspirations as well as emotional support to clinical practitioners from other countries and regions who have been fighting the pandemic.

Articulating Alternatives: Moving Past a Plug-and-Play Prosthetic Media Model

Articulating Alternatives: Moving Past a Plug-and-Play Prosthetic Media Model

Opinion Versus Knowledge: The Influence of Testimony Format on Children’s Judgments in Morally Relevant Contexts

ABSTRACTResearch Findings: To test children’s use of testimony of others, 3 – 9 years (N = 227) made judgments about a potential peer transgression in which the intentions of the protagonist were ambiguous, after hearing two different forms of testimony. The 2 forms of testimony were (a) opposing opinion-based testimony from an adult authority versus a peer consensus group and (b) knowledge-based testimony (eyewitness testimony) that was counter to the participants’ initial judgments. Findings revealed that when testimony was presented in an opinion-based format, children were likely to side with the opinion that reflected their own interpretation of the peer encounter, regardless of whether the opinion came from a peer consensus or an adult authority. However, when knowledge-based testimony was introduced in support of the opposite of children’s initial interpretation of the ambiguous peer encounter, children most often changed their initial judgment to align with the new testimony. That is, children used knowledge-based testimony but not opinion-based testimony to evaluate a potential transgression. Practice or Policy: These findings demonstrate that the way in which testimony is delivered to children has a direct influence on their decision making about peer interactions and has relevance for teacher–student discourse in the classroom.

Loose Lips Sink Ships: Mandatory Confidential Arbitration of Employment Disputes as a Reputational Risk Management Tool

Forced arbitration of employment disputes has been heavily criticized for various reasons, but one of its particularly useful applications should not be overlooked: assuming that confidentiality provisions are properly set in place, it can be a powerful safeguard from the reputational damage arising out of employment disputes. For instance, not only would employers benefit from keeping potential fall-outs with their employees away from the public eye, thus protecting the "good employer" image; the employees, too, would benefit from not having their potential transgressions on a public record. In a world where reputation is everything, that additional layer of protection might just be what it takes to make sure that what happens inside the corporate walls, stays inside the corporate walls-for the sake of reputation of both employers and employees alike. This article analyzes the public policy implications of such practice, as well as its legal and practical limitations.

The Muse of Virtuosity: Desmond Richardson, Race, and Choreographic Falsetto

This article interrogates the status ofvirtuosityin dance through the co-constitutive paradigms of race, gender, and class, accounting for both the term's emergence in journalistic arts discourse and how “queer of color” critique refines its meaning in and for contemporary performance culture (Roderick Ferguson). Virtuosity operates at the supposed border between popular and “high” art, and “Soul” and the mechanical, defining the location of the virtuoso's potential transgression. Discourses of virtuosity in performance are linked to connotations of excess, and examining formal and sociocultural aspects of virtuosic dance reveals under-recognized heterogeneity generated by vernacular influences on high art. Founded in 1994 by Desmond Richardson (as muse) and Dwight Rhoden (as choreographer), Complexions Contemporary Ballet exemplifies how much of “Africanist” choreography resists performing “ontopolitical critique” through stillness, privileging speed, stylistic hybridity, and technical intricacy (Brenda Dixon Gottschild, André Lepecki). I propose and develop the termchoreographic falsetto, likening Richardson's virtuosity to that of black “Post-Soul” singers such as Prince, on the one hand, and nineteenth-century virtuoso musicians and composers such as Liszt, on the other (Francesca Royster). Richardson performs queer black masculinity by exploiting hyperbolic technical skills typically reserved for women, expanding upon choreographic aesthetics initiated by George Balanchine, William Forsythe, Alvin Ailey, and Ulysses Dove. Calling upon Theodor Adorno and Max Weber's theories of virtuosity and charisma in music and religion (in addition to Ferguson, Royster, Gottschild, Lepecki, Thomas DeFrantz, Nathaniel Mackey, Joseph Roach, Susan Bernstein, and Gabriele Brandstetter), I account for a historically and cross-culturally prevalent (if relatively forgotten) aspect of virtuosity, namely its position at the meeting point of gender, religion, capitalism, and individualism.

Young Children's Use of Laughter After Transgressions

Can very young children deploy laughter interactionally? Using data from video recordings of 52 interactions between six mothers and their young children, this article examines one particular kind of sequence in which interactionally ordered child laughter occurs. In that sequence, the young child commits some kind of potential transgression (e.g., breaking wind, standing on objects on the floor, or playing in a proscribed location). The child's mother then draws attention to the potential transgression in some way (e.g., by admonishing the child, requesting a change to the child's behavior, issuing a particular kind of child-directed gaze), thus treating the child's action as constituting a transgression. At some point following the potential transgression, the child laughs. What is shown is that even young children can fit their laughter to the ongoing interactional sequence. It is argued that the child's laughter provides for a display of affiliation from the mother.

Humanismo, gramática y poesía: Juan de Mena y los auctores en el canon de Nebrija by Juan Casas Rigall (review)

Reviewed by: Humanismo, gramática y poesía: Juan de Mena y los auctores en el canon de Nebrija by Juan Casas Rigall Daniel Hartnett Casas Rigall, Juan. Humanismo, gramática y poesía: Juan de Mena y los auctores en el canon de Nebrija. USC Editora Académica 1. Santiago de Compostela: Universidade, Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, 2010. 213 pages. ISBN 978-84-9887-386-3 Juan Casas Rigall’s Humanismo, gramática y poesía: Juan de Mena y los auctores en el canon de Nebrija analyzes the nature of the auctores in the work of Nebrija in order to evaluate the role of Mena and other fifteenth-century literary figures as examples of grammar and literature. In part, this study stems from the disagreement between María Rosa Lida and Francisco Rico regarding Nebrija’s assessment of Juan de Mena and his contemporaries as exemplars. These two figures of twentieth century criticism adopted opposite stances on the question, with Lida arguing “Puede inferirse […] la preeminencia absoluta que Nebrija otorgaba a Mena” (332) and Rico responding “Nebrija no estima a Mena ni como pattern de ‘uso’ lingüístico ni como ‘autor’ de literatura valiosa” (136). Casas Rigall turns this unresolved issue into an opportunity to deepen understanding of the question at hand by exploring Nebrija’s place in the classical and medieval tradition and what can be surmised from Nebrija’s broader works and biography. [End Page 234] By placing the nature of the auctoritas within its historical setting among the works of Quintilian, Valla, and other authors of grammars and their common practices, Casas Rigall illuminates the expectations that Nebrija fulfills in order to supply his works with Castilian and Latin grammar examples. He begins by adeptly demonstrating the changing nature of the role of auctores in grammatical works across time from one of many criteria in grammatical correctness in older texts to the primary point of departure for grammar texts by Nebrija’s time. By arguing that Nebrija followed the established tradition to seek out examples for his grammar texts, Casas Rigall concludes that no reproach of Mena is apparent in Nebrija’s Gramática. Though Nebrija does not praise Mena in the Gramática, tradition dictates that there was no expectation that he should do so. Rather, Nebrija praises Mena’s work overtly in the commentary to his Vafre dicta philosophorum, stating “Hoc pulchre noster Johannes Mena expressit atque imitatus est” in reference to Diogenes Laertius, while referring to Mena throughout as poeta noster” (Casas Rigall 36). In response to Rico’s claim that Nebrija criticizes Mena’s work by making him the example of grammatical vices, Casas Rigall explains that the decision to exemplify grammatical vices with Mena’s verses is simply a didactic habit inherited from earlier grammars. Mena’s are largely pardoned for any potential transgressions they exhibit because they can be attributed to poetic license. In the same vein, earlier grammars did not criticize Virgil by using verses from the Aeneid as examples of vices; poetry can necessitate grammatical vices. In contrast, Casas Rigall argues that the examples of vices in the Gramática that reproduce sentences of prose, particularly those of Enrique de Villena, are indeed intended to criticize their inelegant usage because prose does not enjoy this same caveat. Though not its stated goal, Casas Rigall’s volume subtly succeeds in connecting Nebrija to his foreign and domestic past, present, and future. Nebrija emerges as a participant in scholarly traditions, spanning centuries, who takes it upon himself to wed inherited models with new content. By situating Nebrija and Mena vis-à-vis Latin grammars, Italian humanist thought, early printing in Castile, political ideology contemporary to Nebrija, Golden Age reception, and other areas of knowledge, Casas Rigall shows the interconnectedness and relevance of these two figures to an exceptionally broad web of cultural references. At times, this rises to the level of challenging such entrenched divisions as pre-modern vs. early modern, domestic vs. foreign, or Latin tradition vs vernacular tradition. [End Page 235] Nebrija appears as the figure who straddles these divisions as he weighs how to incorporate Mena into his project. The stages in Casas...

Oversight framework over oocyte procurement for somatic cell nuclear transfer: comparative analysis of the Hwang Woo Suk case under South Korean bioethics law and U.S. guidelines for human embryonic stem cell research

We examine whether the current regulatory regime instituted in South Korea and the United States would have prevented Hwang's potential transgressions in oocyte procurement for somatic cell nuclear transfer, we compare the general aspects and oversight framework of the Bioethics and Biosafety Act in South Korea and the US National Academies' Guidelines for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research, and apply the relevant provisions and recommendations to each transgression. We conclude that the Act would institute centralized oversight under governmental auspices while the Guidelines recommend politically-independent, decentralized oversight bodies including a special review body for human embryonic stem cell research at an institutional level and that the Guidelines would have provided more vigorous protection for the women who had undergone oocyte procurement for Hwang's research than the Act. We also suggest additional regulations to protect those who provide oocytes for research in South Korea.

Leading the Parade

mythologies embedded in the West exert their own ironies and displacements, their own refusals and contingencies. In the short story that follows, have set out to play with the master narrative of the much-mythologized Calgary Stampede, The Show on Earth, and its most dangerous sport, the Chuckwagon Races. This liminal story rides at the edge of this frontier and its narration, beyond the action of the real races, real danger, and real mythology as it might be encountered in the body of a woman whose family has been in racing for generations. This is a fiction, but the Chucks, for all their carefully orchestrated competition and spectatorship, are not. They gesture toward potential transgressions and confrontations that are deliciously ironic and yet perversely real in their dangerous enactment. ********** On Friday morning at nine, the official opening of the Greatest Outdoor Show on Earth (or so they like to think and so it is called), Tulip, the undisputed matriarch of the Pane family, will assume the honorary and honored position of Parade Marshall and ride at the head of the string of cars and balloons and horses and floats and marching bands that signify the opening of the Calgary Stampede's ten days of drink and debauchery. This is not an imaginary event, but materially predictable, a hyperbolic re-imagining of the ranching era that lasted in southern Alberta only about thirty years, and is good and dead now, but that continues to repeat its own memorial, as regularly as any carnivale or yearly religious bloodletting, lottery, or harvest. parade furls its droopy tail always and undeviatingly on the same day, the first Friday of July after Canada Day. Stampede itself follows the parade, until the Monday ten days later, sodden with sunrise Ceasars and midnight corn dogs, nursing their blistered feet and denim-chafed thighs, bankers return to their counting houses and secretaries to their computers and lovelorn urban cowboys gas up their suburban assault vehicles and take down their portable gun racks, although the I love Alberta beef bumper stickers flag freeway traffic for the rest of the year. red and white Stampede pennants along the main thoroughfares of Calgary ripple for a few weeks longer, their edges shredding in the western wind. By August they are tattered and slatternly, although the day when tickets for next year's Stampede go on sale will reawaken one more summer lineup fuelled by nostalgia about the dust and mud of the infield, the blood on the cowboys' hands, the all-night line dancing. Tulip Pane, it is important to know, is not a tall woman, five foot two even with the heeled boots that she wears only for Stampede. She struggles into them at that time of year, but would rather be wearing her more comfortable Nikes. Faster, better grip, rubber sole. She prefers too her threadbare sweats, her GMC truck, and her Palm Pilot, but they aren't part of her mythopoeic image, and so she doesn't mention them, won't be caught dead using them until after the Stampede is over. No point upsetting the chuckwagon. She will be, in fact, driving a chuckwagon at the head of this world-famous but commercially impelled parade, her bony ass perched on the hard and narrow driver's bench. Discomfort should not be necessary, but it is noble. As Parade Marshall, an honor usually reserved for politicians and hockey stars and opera singers, she has the right to ride in a red convertible, but Tulip knows how that abdication could play out. journalists would start their calculations and add years to her age. If she were to sit on a stuffed leatherette seat with a driver aiming the nose of the rag top forward, they'd begin to predict the end of the Pane family as champion wagon racers of the west. Tulip Pane knows that a chuckwagon is a synecdoche. And don't kid yourself, as she would say, she knows what a synecdoche is too, although she'll deny that knowledge vehemently, refuse to admit her own grasp of metaphor. …

WHAT IS VIGILANTISM?

Despite popular and official concern about an apparent increase in vigilante activity in the United Kingdom, there has been little serious attempt to conceptualize vigilantism. This paper attempts to establish a criminological definition of vigilantism, so providing a starting point for future empirical analysis of the subject. The paper argues that vigilantism has six necessary features: (i) it involves planning and premeditation by those engaging in it; (it) its participants are private citizens whose engagement is voluntary; (iii) it is a form of autonomous citizenship' and, as such, constitutes a social movement; (iv) it uses or threatens the use of force; (v) it arises when an established order is under threat from the transgression, the potential transgression, or the imputed transgression of institutionalized norms; (vi) it aims to control crime or other social infractions by offering assurances (or guarantees') of security both to participants and to others. This approach is distinct from attempts to define vigilantism as mere establishment violence' and neither assumes vigilante engagement to be extra-legal nor to involve the necessary imposition of punishment on victims.