Potential Of Rice Husk Research Articles

Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Potential of Rice Husk and Chitosan Extract on Mild Steel in Acidic Media

One of the consequences of industrial food production activities is the generation of a huge volume of waste, whose disposal can lead to environmental and human health problems, yet often they can be turned into high-value and useful products. On the other hand, the use of mild steel has gained more attention in food industrial applications because of its mechanical properties, ease of fabrication, low purchasing cost, and one of the ways to manage food waste. However, mild steel is susceptible to corrosion in an acidic medium. This study is aimed at investigating the inhibition and adsorption potential of the value-added product Rice husk and Chitosan on mild steel. Inhibition potential and adsorption characteristics of Rice Husk/Chitosan were done. A weight-loss experiment followed phytochemical analysis of rice husk to check the inhibition efficiency. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and other chemical analyses were done to gauge the adsorbent's performance. The analyses of the result showed that the inhibition efficiency increases with increased concentration of the inhibitor and increases with temperature. The data obtained ascertain the adsorption of the extract on the surface of the metal with an inhibition efficiency of 89.98%. The mechanism of adsorption of the extract is chemisorption.

Rice husk fixed bed gasification for circular economy in compact rice mills

ABSTRACT Considering the physicochemical properties of residual rice husk, which is suitable for gasification and its vast availability in Colombia, an experimental analysis of the energy potential of rice husk for small-scale fixed bed gasification processes was conducted, thereby facilitating the implementation of the circular economy model in compact rice mills. Because of the impact of air flow on the process equivalence ratio (ER), gas calorific value, and gasifier thermal power, the optimum air superficial velocity (VSair) considering the end use of the producer gas for both internal combustion engines (ICEs) and atmospheric burners (AB), is examined. According to the results, biomass consumption rate, cold gas efficiency (CGE), and process temperature increased in the ranges 1–1.55 kg/h and 45–65% and 825–950°C, respectively, when ER goes from 0.23 to 0.3. To obtain the highest process performance, the process should be conducted at a VSair ~ 5.1 m/min and ER ~ 0.3. Under these parameters, a gas with thermal power and lower heating value (LHV) of 3.6 kWth and 4.78 MJ/Nm3, respectively, was obtained. These properties allow for an engine fuel quality (EFQ) of 1817 kJ/kg. For comparison, an ICE designed to be fueled with natural gas (EFQ of natural gas approx. 2650 kJ/kg) would have a ~ 30% drop in its maximum power when fed with the producer gas obtained through rice husk gasification.

The potential processing of rice husk waste as an alternative media for ornamental plants

The problem of rice husk waste as a result of rice processing is a major problem in Sanrego Village, especially in the Pada Elo' Farmer Group. The accumulation of rice husk waste while the land area to accommodate a lot of rice husk waste during the harvest season forced the farmer groups to burn it. However, another problem that arises is the emergence of air pollution and the results of burning rice husk waste are useless because they are not used properly. Therefore, this community service will process the potential of rice husk waste into husk charcoal by providing information, knowledge, and skills on how to process rice husk waste into rice husk charcoal which can be used as an alternative media for ornamental plants which are currently the prima donna. The implementation method consists of three stages, namely Tudang Sipulung, Mario-rio, and Mappesabbi which are taken from the Bugis tradition of having a philosophy of working together, thus directing farmer groups to participate and be fully involved (participatory by doing). The results obtained by the average partner member experienced an 82,5% increase in information and knowledge aspects as well as skills and were able to grow their entrepreneurial spirit, especially processing rice husk waste.

Study on mineral, antinutrient and blood parameters of goats fed molasses treated rice husk


 A study on the nutritional potential of rice husk treated with or without molasses was carried out using 25 West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. Five experimental diets were formulated such that; 0, 1, 2 3 and 4% molasses were incorporated in goat diets and were fermented for 5days before being fed to 25 WAD bucks of 5 replicates per treatment in a Completely Randomized Design experiment for 84 days. Results showed that, dietary treatments had significant (P<0.05) influences in all the parameters observed. Diet 5 had the highest crude protein (11.29%CP) and least crude fibre (26.51% CF). However, the dietary ash varied from 11.29% (Diet 5) to 19.84% (Diet 1). The mineral contents (Ca, P, Mg, K) of the diets progressively increased with increased inclusion of molasses and were adequate to support the growth of goats. The highest values were recorded in Diet 5 except for sodium which declined across the treatment. The anti-nutrients contents observed in this study were least in Diet 5 with exception of phenol which had the highest value (23.66%). Dry matter intake (DMI) varied from 466.86g/day (Diet 5) to 452.47g/day (Diet 1). Meanwhile, CPI increased with increased molasses in the diet. Bucks fed Diet 5 had the best mineral retention values and best daily weight gain (68.00g/day) as (6.86) feed gain ratio was the least. Consequently, treatment of rice husk with molasses at 4% inclusion level could improve the general performance of WAD bucks without any adverse effect on their health status.

Electricity Generation Potential Through Solar-Rice Husk Hybrid Power Plant in Nepal and Its Major Paddy Producing Districts

Nepal is an agricultural based country having huge potential of rice husk. Out of total electrical energy consumption in Nepal, 22%, 34.76% and 36.58% were imported from India in the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively. Such import can be minimized by generating electricity from solar-rice husk hybrid system. Solar plants have drawbacks of intermittency in day/night cycle and reduced irradiation in winter and cloudy days. Biomass plants have problem associated with continuous supply of seasonal fuel. Those problems can be solved using hybrid system by maximizing the energy potential of these resources, increasing process efficiency, providing greater security of supply and reducing overall cost. The objective of this paper is to estimate electricity generation potential through solar- rice husk hybrid power plant in Nepal and its major paddy producing districts through existing data and forecasting the same for future potential. From existing data, the rice husk growth rate in Nepal was found to be 2.92% and on the basis of that growth rate, future potentials were forecasted. The 20 major paddy producing districts were taken into consideration as 71.15% of total paddy production of Nepal was found to be shared by those districts. The quantity of rice husk was found assuming 20% of paddy converted into rice husk in the mills. The rice husk consumption for cattle feeding was assumed 10% of total rice husk. The electric power from rice husk was calculated assuming 1.3 kg consumption of rice husk for per kWh generation of electricity through steam route and 1.86 kg of rice husk consumption for per kWh electricity generation through gasification route. The average increase rate of land for paddy production and the average increase rate of rice husk production were found to be 0.39% and 2.92% respectively. The electrical energy potentials of Nepal for the years 2015 and 2030 with solar-rice husk hybrid power plant through steam route were found as 100.67 MW and 155.02 MW respectively and through gasification route 70.36 MW and 108.35 MW respectively. The electrical potential for Jhapa district was found the highest values of 7.10 MW and 10.94 MW through steam route and 4.96 MW and 7.64 MW through gasification route for the years 2015 and 2030 respectively. Thus, through solar-rice husk hybrid power plant system, large amount of electricity can be generated locally in Nepal, which in turn can reduce energy import and enhance the better life of the people.

Adsorptive Removal of Ni<sup>2+</sup> from Aqueous Solution Using Rice Husk-Based Activated Carbon

An attempt was made to study the potential of rice husk as an alternative cheap precursor for activated carbon to remove Ni2+ from aqueous solution. Rice husk was treated chemically (with NaOH) and physically (carbonization) to prepare rice husk based activated carbon (RHAC). The textural properties of RHAC, i.e. surface area (255 m2/g) and pore volume (0.17 cm2/g), were determined by N2 adsorption using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface analyzer. RHAC was also characterized for its morphology and its elemental compositions. The adsorption studies for the removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution were carried out using different dosage of RHAC as adsorbent as a function of varied contact time. The concentration of Ni2+ was determined by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The results obtained from adsorption studies indicate good potential of rice husk as a cheap precursor to produce activated carbon for the removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution. The equilibrium data from adsorption studies fitted well the of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.

Potential of Rice Husk for the Decontamination of Silver Ions from Aqueous Media

The sorption behavior of silver ions on rice husk has been investigated in detail. Various physico-chemical parameters were optimized to simulate the best conditions in which this material can be used as an adsorbent. Maximum adsorption was observed at 0.001 mol L−1 of acid solutions (HNO3, H2SO4 and HClO4) using 0.5 g of adsorbent for 9.27 × 10−5 mol L−1 silver concentration in fifteen minutes equilibration time. The adsorption of silver was decreased with the increase in the concentrations of all the acids used. The kinetic data indicated an intraparticle diffusion process with sorption being pseudo-second order. The determined rate constant k2 was 14.707 ± 1.832 mol g−1 min−1. The adsorption data obeyed the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms over the silver concentration range of 1.85 × 10−4 to 1.16 × 10−3 mol L−1. The characteristic Freundlich constants, that is, 1/n = 0.38 ± 0.033 and K = 0.271 ± 0.104 m mol g−1 whereas the Langmuir constants Q = (1.504 ± 0.054) × 10−2 m mol g−1 and b = (16.582 ± 2.227) × 103 dm3 mol−1 have been computed for the sorption system. The sorption mean free energy from the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm is 12.16 ± 0.82 kJ mol−1 indicating ion-exchange mechanism of chemisorption. The uptake of silver increases with the rise in temperature (283–333 K). Thermodynamic quantities, namely, ΔG, ΔS, and ΔH have also been calculated for the system. The sorption process was found to be endothermic. The effect of other cations and anions on the adsorption of silver has also been studied.

Potential of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash for Phenol Removal in Aqueous Systems

The potential of rice husk and rice husk ash for phenol adsorption from aqueous solution was studied. Batch kinetics and isotherm studies were carried out under varying experimental conditions of contact time, phenol concentration, adsorbent dose and pH. Adsorption equilibrium of rice husk and rice husk ash was reached within 6 hours for phenolic concentration 150-500 ?g/L and 3 hours for phenol concentration 500-1300 ?g/L, respectively. Kinetics of adsorption obeyed a first-order rate equation. The adsorption of phenol increases with increasing the solution pH value. The suitability of the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models of the equilibrium data was investigated for each phenol-sorbent system. The results showed that the equilibrium data for all the phenol-sorbent systems fitted the Freundlich model best within the concentration range studied. A comparative study showed that rice husk ash is very effective than rice husk for phenol removal. The studies showed that the rice husk ash can be used as an efficient adsorbent material for removal of phenolic from water and wastewater.