Potential Resource Research Articles

Nilai Ekonomi Pengelolaan Hutan Lindung Blok Kawae KH. Maria/RTK 25 BKPH Maria Donggomasa Dinas LHK Provinsi NTB

One part of the Sari watershed, which was a strategic area for Bima City, was the Kawae Block protected forest area. This forest area acted as a catchment area for the Bima City Region and supports the lives of the people of Wawo, Bima Regency and its surroundings. In the last decade, the Kawae Block protected forest area has come under pressure from vulnerability in several ways, especially pressure from destruction due to illegal logging and encroachment on forest areas for farming of seasonal crops (corn). The aim of this research were to analyze the factors that directly cause damage and the economic value of damage as well as the economic value of potential natural resources in the Kawae Block Protected Forest Area. This research was conducted in the Kawae KH Block Protected Forest Area. Maria/RTK 25 BKPH Maria Donggomasa Provincial LHK Service. NTB with an area of 1,500 hectares. The sample used was 210 respondents. The variables used in this research were the price value of NTFPs and the price value of water to calculate the value of direct benefits of forest areas, ecological benefits, flood control and carbon emission reduction/carbon credits to calculate the value of indirect benefits of areas and the value of biodiversity to calculate the value of selected benefits. Data analysis was carried out for regional economic valuation using the total economic value valuation method (Total Economic Value). The research resulted in the factors that directly cause damage to the area; they were land burning, encroachment on areas for agricultural land for seasonal crops/corn, excessive community management, rosewood theft/illegal logging and opening of farming roads. Meanwhile, the total economic value of the HL Kawae Block area was IDR. 61,135,306,500,-. The economic value resulting from sustainable forest management is much more profitable than the results of cultivating seasonal crops (especially corn).

A GIS-based assessment of the carbon emission reduction potential of the solar-enhanced char-cycling biomass pyrolysis process in China

Bioenergy and solar energy are the two widely used renewable energies, which have great potential to satisfy the global energy demand. Solar enhanced char-cycling biomass pyrolysis (SCCP) was proposed to integrate bioenergy and solar energy, could be used to make bioenergy fully carbon-negative. A geographical information system (GIS) based method was used to assess the GHG reduction potential and biofuel production potential of SCCP in China. Existing datasets were used to obtain geographical potential and biomass resource amount. Process simulation was conducted to obtain the technical data. The geographical potential results showed that with a DNI (direct normal irradiance) threshold of 1400 kWh/m2, the national suitable area for SCCP plant construction was 3.25 % of the total national area, the total convertible biofuel potential ranges from 1.86E+06 to 1.94E+06 GWh with different concentrating solar technologies. When considering biochar sequestration, the GHG emission reduction potential increased further, the total GHG emission reduction potential increased from 13.97 Mt CO2 eq to 15.42 Mt CO2 eq. Notably, Yunnan has the highest GHG emission reduction potential per unit of energy when running the pyrolysis process with solar energy, which was −8.58 g CO2 eq/kWh. The results revealed that the SCCP process could further decarbonize biofuel production in China.

Unlocking the potential of natural resources, fintech and fiscal policy for carbon neutrality; evidence from N-11 nations

By controlling the quantity of greenhouse gases in the natural environment, carbon neutrality is designed to reduce the adverse impacts of climate change. The specific goal can be attained by enforcing carbon dioxide elimination approaches, fostering the growth of fintech, fiscal policy tools, and funding in human development, along with the lowering of emissions. The current research analyzes the influence of the human development index (HDI), natural resources (NR), fintech (FT), and fiscal policy (FP) on carbon neutrality within the parameters of a policy structure. This task is performed with the objective of fulfilling the goals stated above. The ongoing research applies the innovative " General Method of Moment Quantile-based Regression (GMMQR)" and “Panel Quantile ARDL" techniques on a sample of N-11 nations to accomplish the goal. The outcomes support the idea that NR and FP function as pivotal factors in diminishing carbon neutrality. On the other hand, FT and HDI improve carbon neutrality. Moreover, in accordance with the heterogeneous panel causality test developed by Dumitrescu and hurlin (2012), NR, FP, HDI, and FT have been determined to have a unidirectional link with carbon neutrality. In regard to these findings, the research outlines a strategy designed to attain SDG 13 for the chosen nations. Decision-makers in these nations need to focus on policies that encourage the efficient use of natural resources. In addition, the chosen nations need to enhance their level of fintech to combat environmental degradation and achieve the targets of carbon neutrality.

Rock Mechanical Properties and Resource Potential of Dimensional Stone and Terrazzo in Tigray, Ethiopia: A Geological and Geomechanical Assessment

Dimension stone and terrazzo are quarried rocks following specific dimensions, generally huge in tonnage than ore minerals. Dimension stone and Terrazo resource development opportunities in the Tigray Region, Ethiopia, are studied regarding their potential to make dimension and terrazzo, geology and deposit nature, physio-mechanical properties, rock petrography, and opportunity for exploitation. The granite and marble are quarried as dimension stones and they meet the quality parameters of the rocks, which include, being durable, easy to quarry, work, cut, and polish. It was conducted through the integration of new geological descriptions, interpretation of thin sections, and physico-mechanical tests. Both surface and quarry rock samples were used for the study. 15 from granite and 15 from marble deposits in total 30 samples were used for petrographic analysis and physico-mechanical tests. Based on petrographic and physicomechanical results, granite is harder than marble this may be due to silicates being less dissolved than carbonates. The accessory minerals in both granite and marble deposits limit the quality of the deposits as being impurities. The integrated results indicate that the marble and granite deposits in the area are good in quality and quantity. In addition, they are geologically widespread, technologically do not need sophisticated technology and economically they do not need huge investment and have less effect upon the environment. Diamond wire saws and diamond belt saws separated the dimension stone, which are oblate to curved in shape with 1m width. In the area, investment has been at a relatively low stage more investment will significantly increase production of the dimension stone for local usage, export, and economic growth of the region.

The impact of entrepreneurs’ military experience on small business exit: A conservation of resources perspective

Based on insights drawn from the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper examines the impact of military experience on small business exit decisions among entrepreneurs. We theorize that entrepreneurs with military backgrounds are more conservative regarding the potential resource loss associated with the entrepreneurial process than those without military experience, making them more likely to exit their business as a coping mechanism. We further theorize that these entrepreneurs are more likely to exit the business voluntarily rather than involuntarily, using business exit as a coping mechanism to preemptively manage risks before the actual losses occur. An empirical analysis of data from the 2007 Survey of Business Owners (SBO 2007) provided by the United States Census Bureau supports our hypotheses. This study contributes to our knowledge of how military service affects entrepreneurs’ decisions regarding business exit.

Solid Minerals as Alternate means of Nigeria’s Economy Recovery Using Artificial Intelligence

Nigeria is one of the nations blessed with vast number of mineral resources which can make its economy one of best in the world. However, very little attention is directed to this sector as the sector contributes less than 10% to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Therefore, this study evaluates the economic potentials of Nigeria mineral resources as means of liberating the country from its current economic woes. Data obtained from the existing company, internet sources, U.S. Geological Survey, Nigeria Geological Survey Agency among others were used to form the bases for the analyses. The economic indicators were first computed to determine the dependency of Nigeria mineral demands on the import and forecasting was also done using the moving average method and forecast command. The obtained import reliance and self-sufficiency indicated that Nigeria still depend largely on the importation to meet its mineral requirements and hence not self- sufficient. The Net Profit Value (NBP), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PBP) revealed that the minerals investigated are economically viable. To enhance the easy assessment of the NPV, artificial intelligence approach, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to develop models for barite and iron ore. The model was validated, and the validation results are compared with the actual values. They were found to be very close to the actual NPV and can be used for the NPV predictions. Therefore, ANN model was transformed through the weights and biases to mathematical form. Hence, the study has revealed the dependency of Nigeria on import and the economic viability of the minerals in Nigeria.

Integrated geophysical and GIS approaches for groundwater potential assessment: a case study of Aladja, Delta State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study explores the groundwater potential in Aladja, Udu, Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria, using an integrated approach combining electrical resistivity techniques with Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. The primary aim is to delineate aquifers and comprehensively assess groundwater resources. Methods include Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) to gather resistivity data, RS and GIS for analyzing geological and hydrological parameters such as lineament density, drainage density, slope, soil type, and land use. The resistivity values ranged from 147 to 460.50 Ωm, with aquifer thicknesses varying between 6.50 and 36.30 m. The RS and GIS analysis indicated high groundwater potential in regions characterized by significant lineament density and moderate slopes. The study highlights the complementarity of VES and RS/GIS in groundwater exploration, revealing substantial groundwater resources in the northwestern regions of the study area. This approach underscores the importance of integrating these methods for a more accurate assessment of groundwater potential. The novelty of this study lies in validating RS and GIS findings with VES data, ensuring reliable groundwater potential mapping and effective resource management. This integrated methodology offers a robust framework for sustainable groundwater resource assessment and management in similar geological settings.

Проблемы и тенденции развития науки современной России

The work provides assessments of activities in the field of science, in the field of research and development. The research was carried out on the basis of constructing econometric models using Rosstat data. One of the main trends is the reduction of internal costs and state budget expenditures on research and development. The profitability of assets for carrying out scientific research and development is falling, and if current trends continue, the field of activity in question will become economically ineffective in the coming years. The number of patent applications filed by Russian applicants is falling. The human resources potential of science is declining. At the same time, there is a decrease in the number of doctors and candidates of sciences at such a pace that if the current trends continue, in 35 years there will be no doctors of sciences left in the country, and in 45 years there will be no candidates of sciences left in the country. Another trend is a decrease in the proportion of graduate students who defended their candidate of science dissertations in a timely manner. If current trends continue, there will be no postgraduate graduates who have defended their Ph.D. dissertations in a timely manner over the coming years.

Typochemistry and possible sources of ferrosaponite with Ce–Cu–Ni from the metabasalts of the Northern Ural

We studied metabasites from metamorphic complexes located in the northern part of the Lyapin anticlinorium of the Subpolar Urals and the Kharbey anticlinorium in the Polar Urals of the Central Ural Uplift, which are part of the Arctic zone. For the first time, ferrosaponite containing copper, nickel, and rare earth metals has been identified in these metabasites. The morphological and typochemical characteristics of ferrosaponite were examined using electron microscopy. In the Polar Urals, ferrosaponite is found in the almandine eclogite of the Marunkeu eclogite-amphibolite gneiss. The mineral is associated with garnet, quartz, pyroxene, muscovite, amphibole, and sulfides. The general formula for the mineral from almandine eclogite: (Ca0,06–0,27K0,01–0,06Се0,01)∑0,13–0,31(Fe2+ 1,67–2,21Mg0,51–0,84 Cu0,01–0,09Ni0,03–0,11)∑2,25–3,08[(Si2,84–3,08Al0,92–1,16)∑4,00O10](OH)2 ×3,55–3,83H2O. In the Subpolar Urals, this mineral was examined in a sample of garnet-amphibole-biotite-plagioclase-quartz shale, where it occurs in association with other minerals: amphibole, plagioclase, quartz, epidote, biotite, zircon, albite, titanite, apatite, and sulfides. The general formula of the mineral: (Ca0,14–0,22K0,01–0,02Се0,01)∑0,15–0,23(Fe2+ 1,24–2,22Mg0,76–0,97)∑2,17–3,15 [(Si2,86–2,96Al1,04–1,14)∑4,00O10](OH)2 ×3,41–4,47H2O. It is assumed that ferrosaponite forms through a hydrothermal-metamorphic process during the late fluid stage of rock transformation. Feldspars and biotite serve as sources of potassium and aluminum, while hornblende, pyroxenes, and epidote are the primary suppliers of magnesium and iron. In the chemical composition, alongside the main components of the mineral—potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, and iron—copper, nickel, and rare earth metals were also detected. Under the influence of fluids, copper and nickel may have been derived from replaced sulfides, while cerium could have been introduced from allanite, apatite, and other minerals containing rare earth elements. Continued study of the mineragenic features of metamorphic rocks in the Arctic regions of the Urals is essential for a comprehensive assessment of their resource potential, as well as promising sources and concentrators of rare metals.

Potential of media resources in popularizing volunteer activities

The article is devoted to the potential of mass media in popularization of volunteering among students. Development of media technologies inevitably influences the process of socialization. Digital media resources have a strong influence on the formation of behavior patterns, norms and rules, and therefore their capabilities can be used to develop a prosocial orientation in the behavior of young people. Promotion of volunteer activities involves an appropriate choice of channels and methods of presenting information in the mass media, taking into account the characteristics of the audience. Effective constructs in this process can be strategies that involve the possibility of influencing decision-making at the subconscious level, including on the basis of priming, framing, imprinting by focusing the audience's attention on strategically important moments and situations. The combination of social, cognitive and information technologies makes it possible to include manipulative techniques in the communicative and information space that contribute to the formation of an attractive image of volunteering and motivation of corresponding behavioral attitudes.

Engineering of Aspergillus niger for efficient production of d-xylitol from l-arabinose

d-Xylitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol present in diverse plants that is used as an alternative sweetener based on a sweetness similar to sucrose and several health benefits compared to conventional sugar. However, current industrial methods for d-xylitol production are based on chemical hydrogenation of d-xylose, which is energy-intensive and environmentally harmful. However, efficient conversion of l-arabinose as an additional highly abundant pentose in lignocellulosic materials holds great potential to broaden the range of applicable feedstocks. Both pentoses d-xylose and l-arabinose are converted to d-xylitol as a common metabolic intermediate in the native fungal pentose catabolism.To engineer a strain capable of accumulating d-xylitol from arabinan-rich agricultural residues, pentose catabolism was stopped in the ascomycete filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger at the stage of d-xylitol by knocking out three genes encoding enzymes involved in d-xylitol degradation (ΔxdhA, ΔsdhA, ΔxkiA). Additionally, to facilitate its secretion into the medium, an aquaglyceroporin from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was tested. In S. cerevisiae, Fps1 is known to passively transport glycerol and is regulated to convey osmotic stress tolerance but also exhibits the ability to transport other polyols such as d-xylitol. Thus, a constitutively open version of this transporter was introduced into A. niger, controlled by multiple promoters with varying expression strengths. The strain expressing the transporter under control of the PtvdA promoter in the background of the pentose catabolism-deficient triple knock-out yielded the most favorable outcome, producing up to 45% d-xylitol from l-arabinose in culture supernatants, while displaying minimal side effects during osmotic stress. Due to its additional ability to extract d-xylose and l-arabinose from lignocellulosic material via the production of highly active pectinases and hemicellulases, A. niger emerges as an ideal candidate cell factory for d-xylitol production from lignocellulosic biomasses rich in both pentoses.In summary, we are showing for the first time an efficient biosynthesis of d-xylitol from l-arabinose utilizing a filamentous ascomycete fungus. This broadens the potential resources to include also arabinan-rich agricultural waste streams like sugar beet pulp and could thus help to make alternative sweetener production more environmentally friendly and cost-effective.

Правовое сотворчество публичной власти и общества как совместная деятельность

The article examines the phenomenon of legal co-creation of public authorities and society in relation to the category of joint activity. The interdisciplinary nature of these categories and the productivity of their joint research are indicated. Considering the basic concepts of joint activity developed in sociology and social psychology, the authors of the work come to the conclusion that the accumulated knowledge in these scientific fields can act as a fundamental theoretical and methodological basis for the study of legal co-creation as a special kind of joint activity in the law-making sphere. In substantiation of this thesis, the general signs of joint activity and legal co-creation are given, revealing their unified socio-psychological nature and characterizing the corresponding specifics. Some special legal features are also highlighted and the definition of the concept of legal co-creation is clarified. In conclusion, it is indicated that the use of the potential of methodological resources of interdisciplinary knowledge will provide a more in-depth knowledge of the essence and content, structure and forms of legal co-creation, which is a special kind of joint activity. The formulated scientific ideas are aimed at developing and enriching the theory of legal co-creation, and will also contribute to creating conditions for optimizing the practice of this legal activity.

Modern Approaches to Attracting Personnel to Medical Organizations in Rural Areas on an Example of the Voronezh Region

INTRODUCTION: The importance of this study stems from the necessity to search for an effective solution to the problem of provision of the rural healthcare with medical personnel to increase the quality of medical care and its availability for the population. AIM: To scientifically substantiate and develop proposals for attracting and developing the human resources potential of rural medical organizations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To assess the state of provision of healthcare in the Voronezh Region (VR) with human resources, the data from statistical accounting forms No. 17 and No. 30 were used. The comparative analysis method was used to study the provision of medical organizations of the VR with medical personnel and staffing with medical positions, and the main parameters of the activity of medical organizations in rural areas of the region. To study the factors contributing to the attraction of young specialists to medical organizations in rural areas, an anonymous online survey was conducted. RESULTS: The analysis of provision of healthcare organizations of the VO with personnel showed a satisfactory level of provision with medical workers. The personnel shortage is more pronounced in rural areas the staffing of full-time positions is decreasing, the influx of young specialists is decreasing, the proportion of people of retirement age is increasing. In-depth analysis permitted to identify ‘weak points’ in the formation of the personnel reserve and take them into account when forming the regional personnel policy. Based on the data obtained during the study, a multi-level model of reproduction of human resources was created using the cluster approach. A mechanism for interaction between potential employers and subjects of the educational system was developed. CONCLUSION: The pooling of resources within the framework of cluster interdepartmental interaction led to the expansion of the career guidance space and permitted to build practice-oriented educational activities based on continuity of general, secondary vocational and higher education. The findings of the study can be used in the formation of an effective personnel policy aimed at advanced forecasting of the process of their reproduction in the healthcare system.

Model of organizing events and gastronomic tourism as a factor in increasing the competitive advantages of tourism in Kazakhstan

This article focuses on the popularization of a new direction in tourism in Kazakhstan – event and gastronomic tourism. This study aims to develop an organizational model and innovative ways to promote event and gastronomic tourism, increasing its attractiveness and the competitiveness of the industry as a whole. The main directions of this article are the development of gastronomic and event tourism in Kazakhstan, identification of resource potential, concepts for promoting a tourist product, based on the development of effective methods and tools, development of an innovative program for the management of ethnic tourism and brand management of tourist destinations, aimed at popularizing domestic and inbound tourism, increasing the recognition of tourist centers in Kazakhstan, creating a positive brand of tourist areas. Solving the problem will contribute to a more rational organization of event and gastronomic tours and increase their economic and social efficiency. According to the “Classifier of tourism destinations in the Republic of Kazakhstan according to industry, subject and object principles” [1], today gastronomic and event tourism are separately distinguished. Promoting a new type of tourism in Kazakhstan can become a direction capable of dynamically developing the cultural environment, enhancing the prestige of national cuisine and gastronomic traditions, contributing to the growth of the attractiveness of regions, and increasing the influx of foreign tourists interested in the thousand-year history of Kazakhstan, with its unique gastronomy based on the simplicity and specificity of ingredients traditional Kazakh dishes. The development of event and gastronomic tourism in Kazakhstan can become a factor that significantly influences the effective development of territories and the cultural environment of society; contribute to the growth of employment and improve the quality of life, and the promotion of this type of tourism can become one of the priority areas for the development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan and increasing its competitiveness. The interdisciplinary nature of the research allows us to consider the issues in the context of historical, socio-cultural, economic, and geographical sciences.

Citrus wastewater as a source of value-added products: Quali-quantitative analysis and in vitro screening on breast cancer cell lines.

Citrus wastewater from industries is a source of bioactive compounds whose recovery could be a useful approach to convert processing waste into potential resources to be exploited in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical companies. Citrus wastewater, obtained from the industrial processing of Citrus sinensis, was freeze-dried and qualitative/quantitative evaluated using HPLC/MS Q-TOF analysis. Antiproliferative activity was investigated on MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer cell line), MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line), and its multidrug-resistant variant MCF-7R. Fraction 8 emerged for its cytotoxicity toward MCF-7R cells. Its main component, the polymethoxylated flavone nobiletin (80%), is likely involved in increasing the number of G1-phase MCF-7R cells without inducing cell death. Notably, fraction 8 sensitizes MCF7-R cells to the antiproliferative effects of doxorubicin, thus contributing to overcoming MCF7-R multidrug resistance. Our studies highlighted the possibility of applying a sustainable strategy for citrus wastewater recycling to recover functional compounds as useful adjuvants for the prevention and treatment of malignancies.

A strategic multi-criteria decision-making framework for renewable energy source selection in Saudi Arabia using AHP-TOPSIS

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is targeting 50 % of its energy generation from renewable energy sources (RES) by 2030. However, a comprehensive approach is needed to prioritize the available RES in the kingdom. This study employs a survey-based approach which gathered insights from several academic and industrial experts and then utilizes analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods to determine the optimal RES. In this case, hybrid RES (solar-wind, solar-geothermal, solar-biomass) is evaluated against single-source alternatives based on different criteria including cost-effectiveness, land conservation, low intermittency, resource potential, design simplicity, and social acceptance. The results showed that cost-effectiveness emerged as the predominant criterion with importance of 31 % followed by low intermittency and resource potential contributing with 24 % and 22 % in importance, respectively. Based on these findings, solar energy is recognized as the best RES, with a priority level of 23 % followed by the hybrid solar-wind and hybrid solar-geothermal, which attained priority levels of 20 and 16 %, respectively. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the impact of varying criteria weights. The findings offer the decision maker useful insights into the priority of different RES in KSA.

Fenomena Relawan Demokrasi pada Pesta Politik di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

This research aims to explore the phenomenon of democracy volunteers in Pasaman Barat Regency. The phenomenon of democracy volunteers in the 2024 elections in Pasaman Barat Regency shows an increase in political participation among the community. However, there are challenges associated with potential clientelism practices and limited volunteer resources that can affect the integrity of elections. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role and impact of democracy volunteers in the 2024 elections in Pasaman Barat, as well as to understand the challenges they face and how they influence the electoral process. This research employs a phenomenological type of study with a qualitative approach, focusing on political volunteers in Pasaman Barat Regency. The results of the democracy volunteers in Pasaman Barat Regency play an important role in expanding the voter base and increasing political participation. They also face challenges such as limited resources and the influence of political money. Volunteers tend to come from the general public with personal interests and often serve as a shortcut for political elites. Although it has a positive impact on participation and transparency, the presence of volunteers also reveals the potential for transactional political practices. The working mechanism of volunteers, including socialization and direct support to the community, demonstrates their efforts in enhancing political literacy and supporting candidates, despite the risks of a shift towards mass leadership.

Field-Testing Multiple-Choice Questions With AI Examinees: English Grammar Items

Field-testing is an essential yet often resource-intensive step in the development of high-quality educational assessments. I introduce an innovative method for field-testing newly written exam items by substituting human examinees with artificially intelligent (AI) examinees. The proposed approach is demonstrated using 466 four-option multiple-choice English grammar questions. Pre-trained transformer language models are fine-tuned based on the 2-parameter logistic (2PL) item response model to respond like human test-takers. Each AI examinee is associated with a latent ability θ, and the item text is used to predict response selection probabilities for each of the four response options. For the best modeling approach identified, the overall correlation between the true and predicted 2PL correct response probabilities was .82 (bias = 0.00, root mean squared error = 0.18). The study results were promising, showing that item response data generated from AI can be used to calculate item proportion correct, item discrimination, conduct item calibration with anchors, distractor analysis, dimensionality analysis, and latent trait scoring. However, the proposed approach did not achieve the level of accuracy obtainable with human examinee response data. If further refined, potential resource savings in transitioning from human to AI field-testing could be enormous. AI could shorten the field-testing timeline, prevent examinees from seeing low-quality field-test items in real exams, shorten test lengths, eliminate test security, item exposure, and sample size concerns, reduce overall cost, and help expand the item bank. Example Python code from this study is available on Github: https://github.com/hotakamaeda/ai_field_testing1

Sustainable ferritin from bovine by-product liver as a potential resource: Ultrasound assisted extraction and physicochemical, structural, functional, and stable analysis

Ferritin is an iron-containing protein that is widely present in all organisms and has the function of regulating the metabolic balance of iron in organisms. It can be separated from animal by-product tissues and converted into value-added components to promote the development of a circular economy. This study established a method for extracting bovine liver ferritin (BLFer) using ultrasound-assisted buffer system. The optimal extraction conditions were determined through single factor and response surface optimization experiments as follows: ultrasound temperature of 70 °C, extraction time of 25 min, ultrasonic power of 400 W and solvent-to-solid ratio of 2 mL/g, the experimental value of the ferritin yield was 32.18 ± 0.12 g/kg. Compared with traditional methods, Ultrasound-assisted extraction improved the ferritin yield and enhanced its structural stability. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that BLFer is a hydrophilic protein with strong thermal stability. The BLFer has a ferrous oxidase active center, which plays an important role in the oxidative precipitation and reductive release of iron. It can dissociate under strong acids or bases but maintains good stability after heat treatment. These findings will help improve the comprehensive utilization of animal by-products, and promote the potential application of animal by-product ferritin in food and other industries.

Agronomic and Starch Content Studies of Local Adlay Accessions (Coix lacrima jobi - L.) from West Sumatra, Indonesia

Indonesia has a high potential for diverse local food resources, one of which is the plant of adlay. Exploration activities aimed at collecting genetic resources of adlay have been successfully carried out in the province of West Sumatra, Indonesia, resulting in the collection of six local genotypes. The purpose of this research is to obtain information about the agronomic potential and starch content of several local adlay accessions. The study was conducted from April to September 2023 in Limau Manis, Padang City, West Sumatra. The six adlay accessions used in the study are PTA-1, KKD-3, PH-4, BTA-2, GT-2, and TJR-2. The experimental design employed was a completely randomized design with three replications. Based on the research findings, significant differences were observed in both agronomic aspects and starch content among the tested accessions. Adlay with the accession code PH-4 exhibited advantages in terms of harvest maturity and production. The starch content of adlay ranged from 56.64% to 61.26%, with the PH-4 accession having the highest amylopectin content (96.60%), while the highest amylose content was found in the GT-2, TJR-2, and KKD-3 accession (19.90%, 20.03%, and 20.48%). Accession PH-4 can be proposed as a candidate for Adlay variety assembly. Keywords: agronomic, starch content, adlay accessions, Coix lacrima jobi