Potential Gains Research Articles

Potential Gains from Efficiency Analysis of Agricultural Banks

American Journal of Agricultural EconomicsVolume 76, Issue 3 p. 652-654 Proceeding Potential Gains from Efficiency Analysis of Agricultural Banks Paul N. Ellinger, Paul N. Ellinger assistant professor in the Department of Agricultural Economics Texas A…M UniversitySearch for more papers by this author Paul N. Ellinger, Paul N. Ellinger assistant professor in the Department of Agricultural Economics Texas A…M UniversitySearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 August 1994 https://doi.org/10.2307/1243684Citations: 4AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume76, Issue3August 1994Pages 652-654 RelatedInformation

Psychological Assessment by Computer: Potential Gains and Problems to Avoid

Objective and automated personality assessment in mental health settings has advanced considerably over the past 30 years.

Potential Gains through Welded‐Wire Fabric Reinforcement

The proper placement of reinforcing steel for concrete construction requires a high degree of craftsmanship and is traditionally done by hand on the job site. Many recommendations have been published by the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI) and related institutes to highlight crucial guidelines for the successful use of reinforcing bars in concrete. However, the traditional sequence for placement of steel reinforcement is the cause of many errors, omissions, and unproductive labor and equipment hours. This paper presents the results of a study that evaluates the use of welded‐steel mesh (WSM), referred to as welded‐wire fabric (WWF) by the American Concrete Institute (ACI), for bridge decks. Several different placement scenarios are discussed together with the potential improvements in productivity. Also addressed are the effects on quality and overall cost when using WWF instead of traditional steel reinforcing bars.

Phenytoin for Posttraumatic Seizures: Losses May Outweigh Potential Gains

sally stroud, RN, EdD, is director of research, Houston Immunological Institute, Houston, TX 1freelance health care writer and editor in New York City

Potential Gains to Bangladesh for Imports of Selected Commodities from India and Pakistan: An Analytic Investigation

Banglaseh is heavily dependent on imports. Share of her imports to GDP is about 14% on average over a period of 15 years from 1972 to 1986, the lowest being 8.6% in 1974 and the highest being 18.4% in 1986 as revealed in Table-1. It indicates a high degree of openness of the economy and a high average propensity to import. But since the current economic crisis caused by the sharp increase in the import prices of most of the LDCs has some adverse effects to their economies, the UN General Assembly has listed the Least Developed Bangladesh as one of the Most Seriously Affected Countries (MSA) of the world.

Potential Genetic Gains in Dairy Cattle with Gamete Harvesting and In Vitro Fertilization

Potential rates of genetic response in dairy cattle with large numbers of gametes harvested per female were studied by deterministic simulation. A Juvenile Cross-classified design was proposed and tested: all males selected were mated to all females selected, generating numbers of paternal and maternal half-sibs. Candidates for selection were 13-mo-old juveniles, selected on the average of the estimated breeding values of their parents. The effect of selection on variance loss was accounted for. Restrictions on the minimum number of full-sib cells contributing parents were imposed to limit inbreeding, which was approximated accounting for the effects of selection on co-selection of sibs. The value of sexing embryos was studied. For a trait with 25% heritability in the base population and 15% coefficient of variation, annual responses and inbreeding rates were predicted at 3.7 and .81% with 5000 females recorded and 4.4 and .32% with 50,000 females recorded. The response figures compare with 1.5 to 2.1% predicted for conventional progeny testing schemes. Embryo sexing had little effect. Many of the schemes provided further selection intensity within full-sib cells, which, with good indicator traits or useful marker-assisted selection, could add further response of over 1%/yr. Schemes mating sires × sires and dams × dams were also considered but contributed little further response.

Market Timing with Small versus Large-Firm Stocks: Potential Gains and Required Predictive Ability

(1990). Market Timing with Small versus Large-Firm Stocks: Potential Gains and Required Predictive Ability. Financial Analysts Journal: Vol. 46, No. 5, pp. 63-69.

Simulating the effects of bioengineered non-ice nucleating bacteria on potato yields

While potato is a frost vulnerable crop, simulation studies indicate there is little potato acreage in the United States where application of INA − bacteria would be economically feasible. Our analysis is based on a comparison of maximum potential gain and reasonable estimated costs. Maximum potential gains were calculated by simulating yield loss from frost induced defoliation with a computer model and estimating probability distribution functions for yield loss from historical frost records. Expected losses from these two data sets were calculated and equated with maximum potential gains. Reasonable values of cost were determined from analogous pesticides. We conclude that perhaps less than 5% of United States potato acreage will ever receive applications of INA − bacteria.

The Potential Gains from Creative Accounting in English Local Government

In each of the years in the period 81/82 to 85/86 the Government has set individual expenditure targets for English local authorities. Penalties, in the form of withdrawal of grant, were incurred if these targets were exceeded, and this suggests an incentive to reduce expenditure. However, targets were based on previous years' budgets, so there has been a simultaneous incentive to maintain high levels of reported expenditure in order to secure higher targets in the future. By use of dynamic programming, I explore in this paper the pattern of budgets required by local authorities in the years 82/83 to 85/86 in order to maximise grant receipts, whilst maintaining constant expenditure in real terms. It is found that increases in grant of up to 50% can be engineered by shifting reported expenditure between the years in question.

Influence of positive affect on the subjective utility of gains and losses: it is just not worth the risk.

A modification of the procedure originally used by Davidson, Suppes, and Siegel (1956) to measure subjective utility was used to study the influence of positive affect on individuals' perceived value (utility) functions. Results indicated, as expected, that persons in whom positive affect had been induced showed a more negative subjective utility for losses than did controls. This indicates that losses seem worse to people who are feeling happy than to those in a control condition. The subjective utility functions of the two groups did not differ as much, however, when people were considering potential gain. Thus, at least in the situation tested in this study, potential gains did not seem to be more appealing (nor less so) for affect subjects than they did for controls. These findings are discussed in relation to theoretical issues in decision making and work suggesting that positive affect can promote increased sensitivity to losses in situations of potential meaningful loss.

Potential Gains from Stock Market Timing in Canada

(1987). Potential Gains from Stock Market Timing in Canada. Financial Analysts Journal: Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 50-56.

Potential Genetic Gains from Producing Bulls with Only Sires as Parents

Micromanipulation of sperm and ova has been suggested as a means to produce progeny of two sires instead of a sire and dam. Selection schemes taking advantage of this technology could produce genetic gains 1.5 to 2 times current gains. An optimum strategy both genetically and economically would be to breed 99% of the population to young sires and 1% to progeny-tested sires. The genetic pathway from sires to sons could become the only pathway affecting genetic gain; this would eliminate problems of cow evaluation and would give artificial insemination organizations more control over quality of young sires. Inbreeding would not be a problem, and few other technologies could offer superior rates of genetic gain.

Potential gains in life expectancy free of disability: a tool for health planning.

This paper describes a method for ranking pathological causes according to both mortality and disability. This method consists of measuring the theoretical gain which could be obtained on life expectancy free of disability by eliminating deaths and disabilities resulting from the considered cause. An application to United States mortality and disability data is then given as an illustration. Using the proposed method, chronic conditions of the locomotor system appear as the second in order of importance, after cardiovascular diseases. Respiratory diseases, which have consequences for both mortality and disability, rank third among health problems whereas malignant neoplasms rank fourth because of their relatively small effect in terms of disability. The application of this method by planning agencies, could contribute to better allocation of resources among various intervention programmes or various research programmes which health administrations may decide to support.

Life-Cycle Welfare Costs of Social Security

One-period models predict that a substantial welfare gain would result from removing the social security earnings test. In this article, we show that such models overestimate the size of potential gains. If one uses instead a two-period model, which captures intertemporal effects, the net result of removing the earnings test is ambiguous. In the presence of a personal income tax, workers who reduce their labor supply in the first period create a welfare loss which must also be considered. We use a present value model to estimate the change in lifetime welfare. We find that the net potential gain from removing the earnings test is probably small, especially when compared to the alternative of an increased personal income tax.

Economies of Scale, Domestic Divergences, and Potential Gains from Economic Integration in Ghana and the Ivory Coast

Economies of scale and domestic divergences offer an important scope for gains from industrial integration among developing countries. Underutilized industrial capacity, together with distorting policies and imperfections in factor markets, provides a rationale for countries to swap opportunities for industrial expansion. Through integration, Ghana and the Ivory Coast stand to achieve welfare gains of 33 and 22 percent of gross output in world prices. About two-fifths of these gains have their source in Viner's trade-creation effects, one-fifth in Corden's cost-reduction effects, and two-fifths in the newly suggested production effects.

OPEC AS A MODEL FOR COPPER EXPORTERS: POTENTIAL GAINS AND CARTEL BEHAVIOR

The Developing EconomiesVolume 17, Issue 2 p. 203-219 Free Access OPEC AS A MODEL FOR COPPER EXPORTERS: POTENTIAL GAINS AND CARTEL BEHAVIOR Theodore PANAYOTOU, Theodore PANAYOTOUSearch for more papers by this author Theodore PANAYOTOU, Theodore PANAYOTOUSearch for more papers by this author First published: June 1979 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1979.tb00695.xCitations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume17, Issue2June 1979Pages 203-219 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Potential Losses versus Potential Gains as Determinants of Behavior

Summary Rotter's hypothesis about the power of the negative sign of anticipated reinforcement to change psychological situations so as to elicit generalized expectancies leading to avoidant behavior in Ss was tested. In an ambiguous angle-matching task, one group of 13 10-year-old boys was told that they would earn points for each match correctly made; another 13 of their male classmates were told that they had 50 points at the start and would lose a point for each incorrect match made. Otherwise, the two situations were the same for all Ss. Point-losers took much longer to make their matches than point-gainers. The groups did not differ in their choice to repeat the task. A procedure emphasizing losing, rather than winning, elicited Ss’ generalized expectancies for the efficacy of cautious and avoidant behavior while performing the task, but failed to affect choice to quit the task altogether.

The Potential Gains from Trade in Norway from Free Trade Arrangements with the Common Market

The Potential Gains from Trade in Norway from Free Trade Arrangements with the Common Market