Potato Hash Research Articles

Alginate-coated functional wrapping paper incorporated with sulfur quantum dots and grapefruit seed extract for preservation of potato hash browns

This study explores the impact of alginate-based functional coatings incorporating sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) and grapefruit seed extract (GFSE) on the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of kraft paper for food packaging. Applying these coatings effectively fills the porous interfibrillar spaces of the paper, significantly improving oil resistance and mechanical properties. However, the water vapor permeability and moisture absorption rate decreased slightly due to the hydrophilic nature of constituents. In particular, the addition of 5 wt% SQDs to the paper coating formulation resulted in remarkable antioxidant activity, with approximately 100% reduction in ABTS and 60% reduction in DPPH free radicals. The addition of SQDs significantly reduced the bacterial cell viability of E. coli and L. monocytogenes by ∼2 log CFU/mL and ∼4.5 log CFU/mL, respectively. Co-addition of SQDs and GFSE significantly improved antimicrobial activity with ∼3 log CFU/mL reduction of E. coli and complete (100%) eradication of L. monocytogenes even at lower concentrations (2.5 wt% each). The lipid oxidation in the hash brown potato patties wrapped in functional coated paper was reduced by nearly 50% compared to uncoated paper. This effect persisted even after an extended storage period of 15 days, demonstrating the superior ability of the coated paper to improve the shelf life of processed, ready-to-eat foods.

Consumer Acceptance and Effect of Replacement of Potato with Thai Sweet Cassava in Frozen Hash Brown

ABSTRACT Consumer acceptance when substituting potato with Thai sweet cassava in frozen hash brown was assessed. The most popular commercial potato hash brown was selected as the benchmark. Results revealed consumer preferred small round 1 inch diameter with reduced oil absorption and crispy outside and soft inside. The optimal formula for hash browns was determined, replaced potato with sweet cassava and applied various alterations of cooking method and cooking time. Sweet cassava hash browns showed promise over the benchmark with the unique flavor of cassava, less salty taste and an acceptable level of greasiness. However, cassava hash browns contained high fiber levels that reduced consumer acceptance.

WITHDRAWN: Responses in apparent total digestibility, rate of passage, growth performance and physicochemical properties of the digesta of Windsnyer pigs fed on increasing levels of potato hash silage.

Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.

Impact of Fermented Liquid Potato Hash Diets on Growth Performance of Grower Pigs

The study aimed to evaluate growth performance of grower pigs fed fermented liquid potato hash with or without exogenous enzyme. Diets containing either 200 (LFLPH) g/kg potato hash (enzyme treated or not); 400 (HFLPH) g/kg potato hash (enzyme treated or not) or no fermented potato hash (control) were formulated to provide 14 MJ/kg digestible energy (DE), 180 g/kg crude protein (CP) and 11.6 g/kg lysine. Dietary treatments were control (no FLPH), enzyme treated LFPHE and HFLPHE, and untreated LFLPH and HFLPH. The exogenous enzyme was added in treated diets to provide minimum of 560-840 TXU/TDU xylanase per kg feed, at an inclusion rate of 100 g/tonne. Diets were mixed with water at 1:2 ration and fermented for 8 hours at 25 °C room temperature before being fed to pigs. Back-slopping fermentation approach was followed to prepare diets. Twelve pigs (25±2.3 kg) per diet that were individually housed were fed ad-lib for eight weeks. Pigs were allocated to diets in complete randomized design. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. The enzyme treated FLPH diets had higher (P < 0.05) CP, lower (P > 0.05) NDF and ADF concentrations compared to untreated FLPH diets. The LFPHE diet had higher (P < 0.001) final weight, ADG and lower (P < 0.001) ADFI and FCR compared to LFPH, HLFPH and HLFPHE. It was concluded that LFPHE diet may be an alternative feed source for growing pigs as indicated by higher gain and lower intake compared to LFLPH, HFLPH and HFLPHE.

Effects of a fibrolytic enzyme and bacterial inoculants on the fermentation, chemical composition and aerobic stability of ensiled potato hash

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding a fibrolytic enzyme in combination with bacterial inoculants on the fermentation, chemical composition and aerobic stability of ensiled potato hash (PH). Potato hash silage (PHS) was produced by mixing 800 g PH/kg and 200g wheat bran (WB)/kg. The mixture was ensiled with either no additive or enzyme Celluclast (low or high dose) or bacterial inoculants (Emsilage and Silosolve). These treatment combinations were produced: i) no additive (control); ii) Celluclast low dose (CLD); iii) Celluclast high dose (CHD); iv) Emsilage (EMS); v) CLD + EMS; vi) CHD + EMS; vii) Silosolve (SLS); viii) CLD + SLS; and ix) CHD + SLS. These treatments were ensiled in 81 x 1 L anaerobic jars for 90 days with nine replicates per treatment. Three samples per treatment were collected before ensiling and after 90 days’ ensiling, were analysed for fermentation characteristics and chemical composition. In addition, samples of day 90 were subjected to an aerobic stability test, where they were exposed for five days. Enzyme addition reduced fibre, thus making more sugar available for fermentation. The combination of CHD and EMS reduced silage pH, thus preserving the silage compared with other treatment combinations. Enzyme addition (used at low and high dose), and bacterial inoculants improved fermentation. Enzyme addition improved the chemical composition, but impaired the aerobic stability of PHS. Further work to test these findings on animal performance is warranted. Keywords: Deterioration, fibre, nutrients, pH, ruminant, water soluble carbohydrates

Voluntary feed intake and growth performance of slow-growing pigs fed on increasing levels of ensiled potato hash meal.

The objective of the study was to determine voluntary feed intake and growth performance of Windsnyer pigs fed on increasing levels of potato hash silage meal. Thirty-six growing Windsnyer pigs (19kg±5.59) (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) were individually and randomly assigned to six experimental diets containing 0, 80, 160, 240, 320 and 400g/kg DM of potato hash silage. Diets containing the potato hash silage were formulated using diet dilution method from 0g/kg and 400g/kg. Six pigs were fed on each diet ad libitum for 6weeks. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), gain to feed (G/F) ratio, scaled feed intake (SFI) and scaled average daily gain (SADG) were measured weekly. Increasing levels of potato hash silage caused a decrease (P<0.05) in ADG, G/F ratio and SADG. The ADFI interacted significantly (P<0.05) with the inclusion level of potato hash silage and week of feeding. Pigs fed on 240g/kg potato hash silage had greater ADFI in the second, third and fourth week of feeding. There was a quadratic increase (P<0.05) in ADFI. There was a linear decrease (P<0.05) in ADG and G/F ratio and SADG as the potato hash silage level increased. Using piecewise regression, potato hash silage can be included up to 240g/kg DM in Windsnyer pigs without undermining growth performance.

707 Effect of fermented liquid potato hash diet with or without exogenous enzyme on growth performance of Growing Large White × Landrace crossbred pigs

707 Effect of fermented liquid potato hash diet with or without exogenous enzyme on growth performance of Growing Large White × Landrace crossbred pigs

438 Estimating voluntary feed intake of slow-growing pigs fed progressive levels of diluted potato hash silage

438 Estimating voluntary feed intake of slow-growing pigs fed progressive levels of diluted potato hash silage

The influence of ensiling potato hash waste with enzyme/bacterial inoculant mixtures on the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and nutrient digestion of the resultant silages by rams

The present study aimed to evaluate effects of ensiling potato hash (PHW) with enzyme either alone or in combination with bacterial inoculants on the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and nutrient digestion using rams. The PHW was mixed with wheat–bran (B) at 80:20 (% fresh matter) and ensiled in 210L drums for 90 days. The PHWB mixture was treated as: control (untreated), viscozyme, an enzyme containing hemicellulase and pectinase from Aspergillus spp (denoted as Visco), Viscozyme+Lalsil fresh LB (Lactobacillus buchneri NCIMB 40788) (denoted as E+LAB1), and viscozyme+silosolve (containing strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (DSM 16568), Enterococcus faecium (DSM 22502) and Lactobacillus buchneri (DSM 22501) (denoted as E+LAB2). After 90 days of ensiling, PHWB silage samples were collected per treatment and analysed for fermentation characteristics and nutritive values. The PHWB silage was then mixed with ground alfalfa hay at 68:32 (% DM basis) and fed ad libitum to 24 (6 rams/treatment) matured South African Dorper rams (39.7±2.21kg live weight) in a digestibility study. The fibre fractions (aNDF and ADF) and ADL content of PHWB silage were significantly reduced (P<0.05) in the treated silages compared to the control (306g aNDF/kg DM and 124g ADF/kg DM) respectively. Lactic acid content was lowest (58g LA/kg DM; P<0.05) in the control compared to the treated silages. The E+Lab1 treated PHWB silage had lowest (P<0.05) content of CP (<142g CP/kg DM) and significantly greater (P<0.05) content of ammonia-N (>5.3 NH3-N g/kg TN) compared to other treatments. Acetic acid content was lowest (3.4g AA/kg DM; P<0.05) in the Visco treated silage compared to other treatments. This resulted in greater (P<0.05) CO2 production (41g CO2/kg DM) in the Visco treated silage compared to other treatments when exposed to air. However, the addition lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to viscozyme (E+LAB1 and E+LAB2) increased (P<0.05) the contents of LA and AA and improved silage aerobic stability compared to other treatments. Greater (P<0.05) intake of DM (1887g/d) and lower (P<0.05) digestibility of DM were obtained in rams fed on the control silage diet compared to those fed the treated PHWB silage diets. The E+LAB1 and E+LAB2 treatments improved (P<0.05) nutrient digestion, nitrogen (N) retention and energy balance in rams compared to control treatment.

The Effect of Dietary Addition of Potato Hash Silage on Carcass Traits of Grower Pigs.

The aim of the study was to assess carcass traits of cross-breed (Landrace X Large White) pigs fed potato hash silage (PHS) based diets ensiled with or without lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants. Diets containing 40 % PHS [untreated PHS (UPHS), bonsilage forte treated PHS (BFPHS), and Lalsil Fresh LB treated PHS (LFLBPHS)] and (control- commercial diet) and were formulated and fed to thirty-two pigs (16 males and 16 females of 130 days old and 56±4kg live weight). The pigs were fed for a period of two months. The pigs were slaughtered and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Pigs on the control diet had heavier slaughter weight than those that fed on diets that contained PHS. There were no differences in warm and cold carcass weights between diets containing PHS. Drip loss %, back-fat thickness, and weights of the gastrointestinal tract, lungs and heart weights did not differ between treatments. It was concluded that dietary inclusion of PHS did not improve carcass traits when compared to the control. Further work that will evaluate the effects of > 40% dietary inclusion of PHS on meat quality of porkers and baconers is needed.

Laboratory evaluation of absorbents and additives on the fermentation quality of potato hash

This study was conducted to determine the ensiling potential of potato hash (PH) with poultry litter (PL) and hay as absorbents, and whey and molasses as additives. Mixtures of 800 g/kg PH and 200 g/kg of either PL or hay were produced and treated with no additive, whey and molasses. The experiment was conducted in a 2 absorbents × 3 additives factorial design. Mixtures were ensiled in 1.5 L anaerobic jars, and sampling was done on days 0, 4, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 90 for the determination of fermentation quality and nutritive value. Further, an aerobic stability test was done on day 90 by exposing silage to air for 5 days. Ensiling PH with hay compared to PL resulted in a better quality silage as indicated by (P < 0.05) improved fermentation characteristics and chemical composition. Although, the addition of PL significantly increased (P < 0.05) the crude protein (CP) and ash contents in PH silage, fermentation, and the aerobic stability of silage was poor and could influence animal performance negatively. It seems that whey and molasses were effective in improving the in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and fermentation characteristics of PH. Further studies are needed to elucidate these effects on animal performance. Key words: Aerobic stability, by-products, potato hash, energy, molasses, whey.

Effects of Ensiling Total Mixed Potato Hash Ration with or without Bacterial Inoculation on Silage Fermentation and Nutritive Value for Growing Pigs

Effects of Ensiling Total Mixed Potato Hash Ration with or without Bacterial Inoculation on Silage Fermentation and Nutritive Value for Growing Pigs

Effects of whey and molasses as silage additives on potato hash silage quality and growth performance of lambs

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of whey or molasses on the fermentation quality when added to potato hash silage. In addition, lamb performance, digestibility and feed intake of diets containing potato hash silage were compared with a diet containing maize silage (MSd). Potato hash silage (treated with no additive, or whey, or molasses) and MS were produced in 210 L drums for 90 days and the fermentation quality of the silages was determined thereafter. Diets were formulated and fed ad libitum to 32 South African Dorper lambs (23.5 ± 0.873 kg live weight) for 63 days. A digestibility study was conducted during the last week of the study. The untreated potato hash silage (UPHS) was poorly fermented as indicated by higher concentrations of butyric acid, ammonia-N and pH compared to the other silages. Higher dry matter intake (DMI) and daily weight gains (218 and 250 g/d) were obtained with MSd and molasses treated potato hash silage diet (MPHSd) compared to the other diets. Nutrient digestibility was lower in the UPHS diet compared to the other dietary treatments. It was concluded that the fermentation quality of potato hash was improved with the addition of whey and molasses. Furthermore, growth performance was higher with the MSd and MPHSd than of the other treatments, suggesting that MPHSd can safely replace MSd in a lamb diet at a dietary inclusion level of 20% without any adverse effect on animal performance.Keywords: Digestibility, dry matter, fermentation, intake, maize silage

Effects of ensiling totally mixed potato hash ration with or without a heterofermentative bacterial inoculant on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, growth performance and digestibility in lambs

Totally mixed rations (TMRs) that contained 804 g/kg potato hash (PH) were ensiled in 1.5 L jars with or without a heterofermentative inoculant, Lalsil Fresh Lactobacillus buchneri (LB) for 3 months. Jars were opened on days, 0, 3, 7, 10, 21, 45, 60 and 90 of ensiling and sampled for fermentation and chemical composition determinations. Aerobic stability was determined on day 90 of ensiling. Treatments were LB treated TMR (LB-TMR) and untreated TMR (U-TMR). Furthermore, three TMRs that contained 801 g/kg of either maize (320 g DM/kg) or PH (as fed basis) were ensiled for 90 days in 210 L drums for lamb growth and digestibility studies. The ensiled TMRs were: Maize TMR (M-TMR), U-TMR and LB-TMR and were fed to 24 South African Dorper lambs (20± 0.152 kg live weight) that were randomly allocated to the three TMR treatments (8 lambs/pretreatment). Inoculation with LB decreased ( P < 0.05) pH, butyric acid, NH 3-N, fibre fractions, CO 2 production and yeast population while lactic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) compared to U-TMR silage. The ensiled LB-TMR was aerobically more stable than U-TMR silage as indicated by lower ( P < 0.05) CO 2 production and yeast population and higher concentrations of acetic acid. Higher ( P < 0.05) feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), nutrient digestibility and N retention occurred in LB-TMR silage compared to the other silages. It was concluded that LB was effective in producing a better quality PHS as indicated by improved fermentation, aerobic stability, lamb growth performance and digestibility of LB-TMR silage.

Effects of homofermentative and heterofermentative bacterial silage inoculants on potato hash silage fermentation and digestibility in rams

Potato hash, a by-product from the food processing industry, was mixed with wheat bran (70:30) as fed basis and ensiled in 210 l drum for 3 months. Three types of potato hash silages were prepared which were: the control (no additives), bonsilage forte (BF, a homofermentative additive) and Lalsil Fresh LB (LFLB, a heterofermentative additive). After 3 months, the silos were opened and sampled for fermentation characteristics. Diets were produced by mixing potato hash silage with soybean meal (90:10) as fed basis and a digestibility study was conducted using five South African Mutton Merino rams (37.2 ± 2.21 kg live weight) per diet. Inoculating potato hash silage with BF and LFLB reduced ( P<0.05) pH, WSC, butyric acid and ammonia N while increasing the concentration of lactic acid compared to the control. A higher concentration of acetic acid was obtained with LFLB inoculation compared to the other silages. The aerobic stability of the silage was improved ( P<0.05) with LFLB while it was reduced with BF inoculation as indicated by higher CO 2 production from the latter. Intakes of dry (DM) and organic matter (OM) were not affected while that of gross energy and CP were improved ( P<0.05) with BF and LFLB inoculations. Inoculants increased CP, energy and aNDF digestibility, but did not alter DM or OM digestibility. Inoculating silage with BF improved ( P<0.05) digestibility of ether extract compared to the other treatments, and inoculations resulted in higher ( P<0.05) N intake and retention. It is concluded that BF and LFLB improved silage fermentation and diet digestibility of CP, aNDF and gross energy. Inoculation with LFLB improved aerobic stability whilst BF inoculation reduced it.

Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Discarded Beetroot and Potato Hash Silage on Growth Performance and Digestibility in South African Dorper Lambs

Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Discarded Beetroot and Potato Hash Silage on Growth Performance and Digestibility in South African Dorper Lambs

Response in nutritionally related blood metabolites, carcass traits and primal pork cuts of slow growing Windsnyer pigs fed on varying levels of potato hash silage

The response of Windsnyer pigs to diets containing varying levels of potato hash silage in nutritionally related blood biochemistry, carcass traits and primal pork was estimated. Thirty-six growing clinically healthy male Windsnyer pigs with an initial weight of 36 kg ± 4.89 (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) were randomly assigned to six experimental diets containing 0, 80, 160, 240, 320, and 400 potato hash silage g/kg dry matter (DM). Experimental diets were derived from mixing a summit diet containing no potato hash silage and a dilution diet containing 400 g potato hash silage/kg in various proportions. Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to diets and water. There was no relationship between inclusion levels of potato hash silage and albumin: globulin ratio, total protein, and uric acid. As inclusion levels of potato hash silage varied, there was a positive linear relationship between silage and albumin concentration. Globulin concentration had a positive quadratic relationship with the inclusion of potato hash silage. Inclusion levels of potato hash silage resulted in a positive quadratic relationship in alkaline phosphatase. There was a negative linear response in warm carcass weight and cold carcass weight to inclusion levels of silage. A negative linear response was observed in dressing percentage. Different inclusion levels of potato hash silage caused a positive quadratic relationship in cooler shrink. There were negative linear relationships between inclusion of potato hash silage with shoulder fat, carcass length and backfat thickness. There was a negative linear relationship between eye muscle area and inclusion level of ensiled potato hash. There was a positive quadratic relationship between hindquarter length (HQL) and inclusion levels of silage. The observed linear relationship between hindquarter circumference (HQC) and inclusion levels of potato hash silage was negative. There is a need to predict the optimum inclusion level of potato hash silage without compromising the healthiness and carcass yield of pigs.Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase, backfat thickness, cold carcass weight, cooler shrink, dorsal fat thickness, eye muscle area, hindquarter circumference, total protein