Potato Extract Research Articles

Effect of 6-Benzyladenine Purine, α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid, Coconut Water and Potato Extract on Micropropagation of Ensete glaucum from Vietnam

Effect of 6-Benzyladenine Purine, α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid, Coconut Water and Potato Extract on Micropropagation of Ensete glaucum from Vietnam

Comparison Of Butterfly Pea Extract And Purple Sweet Potato As A Natural Indicator Of Acid-Base Solution

Indicators are substances that can be used to show the properties of a substance through a special change in its color. The types of plants used in this study as natural indicators are found in the surrounding environment for example purple sweet potatoes (Ipomea Batatas L) and butterfly pea (Clitoria Ternatea L). This research was conducted in 5 stages: 1) cut the purple sweet potato and butterfly pea into small pieces and then mash until smooth: 2) pour 5 tablespoons of alcohol and then leave until it settles; 3) pour the extract on 3 test tubes to test acid, base, and control; 4) drip the test solution on 2 test tubes; 5) then do testing to identify discoloration in purple sweet potato extract and butterfly pea a large amount of anthocyanin content in butterfly pea (Clitoria Ternatea L) affects the results of acid and alkaline testing so that the test results on butterfly pea extract (Clitoria Ternatea L) show a clear change in color. The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of purple sweet potato extract (Ipomea Batatas L) and butterfly pea (Clitoria Ternatea L) as natural indicators of acid-base so that it can be used as an alternative learning medium.

A new and accurate qPCR protocol to detect plant pathogenic bacteria of the genus ‘Candidatus Liberibacter’ in plants and insects

Four pathogenic bacterial species of the genus ‘Candidatus Liberibacter’, transmitted by psyllid vectors, have been associated with serious diseases affecting economically important crops of Rutaceae, Apiaceae and Solanaceae families. The most severe disease of citrus plants, huanglongbing (HLB), is associated with ‘Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CaLas), ‘Ca. Liberibacter americanus’ (CaLam) and ‘Ca. Liberibacter africanus’ (CaLaf), while ‘Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum’ (CaLsol) is associated with zebra chip disease in potatoes and vegetative disorders in apiaceous plants. Since these bacteria remain non-culturable and their symptoms are non-specific, their detection and identification are done by molecular methods, mainly based on PCR protocols. In this study, a new quantitative real-time PCR protocol based on TaqMan probe, which can also be performed in a conventional PCR version, has been developed to detect the four known phytopathogenic species of the genus Liberibacter. The new protocol has been validated according to European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) guidelines and is able to detect CaLas, CaLam, CaLaf and CaLsol in both plants and vectors, not only using purified DNA but also using crude extracts of potato and citrus or psyllids. A comparative analysis with other previously described qPCR protocols revealed that this new one developed in this study is more specific and equally or more sensitive. Thus, other genus-specific qPCR protocols have important drawbacks regarding the lack of specificity, while with the new protocol there was no cross-reactions in 250 samples from 24 different plant and insect species from eight different geographical origins. Therefore, it can be used as a rapid and time-saving screening test, as it allows simultaneous detection of all plant pathogenic species of ‘Ca. Liberibacter’ in a one-step assay.

The Potential of an Inexpensive Plant-Based Medium for Halal and Vegetarian Starter Culture Preparation

The restrictions for halal and vegetarian fermented products apply not only to the food ingredients, but also to the inoculum media. The utilization of a medium for lactic acid bacteria (LAB) leads to some issues from animal-derived proteins sources that may be doubtful for halal and/or vegetarian use. This study aimed to develop a plant-based medium for culturing and maintaining LAB. The result demonstrated that 10 g/L soybean powder in sweet potato extract was suitable for cultivating Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TISTR 2075 with no significant difference (p < 0.05) from MRS (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe) in the cell number (9.12 log CFU/mL) and specific growth rate (0.04). The feasibility of a plant-based medium to grow and maintain the LAB strains from different origins was evaluated. Compared to MRS, Lpb. plantarum TISTR 2075, Lpb. plantarum MW3, and Lacticaseibacillus casei TISTR 1463 could grow almost as well in a plant-based medium. This medium was also suitable for maintaining the viability of LAB during storage, especially when subjected to slant agar stock culture. It is practical and costs at least 10 times less than MRS. Thus, this study created a low-cost plant-based medium that could be used in laboratories, especially for applications in halal and vegetarian food products.

Multilayer perceptron-genetic algorithm as a promising tool for modeling cultivation substrate of Auricularia cornea Native to Iran.

Auricularia cornea Ehrenb (syn. A. polytricha) is a wood-decaying fungi known as black ear mushroom. Earlike gelatinous fruiting body distinguishes them from other fungi. Industrial wastes have the potential to be used as the basic substrate to produce mushrooms. Therefore, 16 substrate formulations were prepared from different ratios of beech (BS) and hornbeam sawdust (HS) supplemented with wheat (WB) and rice brans (RB). The pH and initial moisture content of substrate mixtures were adjusted to 6.5 and 70%, respectively. The comparison of in vitro growth characteristics of the fungal mycelia under the different temperatures (25, 28, and 30°C), and culture media [yeast extract agar (YEA), potato extract agar (PEA), malt extract agar (MEA), and also HS and BS extract agar media supplemented with maltose, dextrose, and fructose revealed that the highest mycelial growth rate (MGR; 7.5 mm/day) belonged to HS and BS extract agar media supplemented with three mentioned sugar at 28°C. In A. cornea spawn study, the substrate combination of BS (70%) + WB (30%) at 28°C and moisture contents of 75% displayed the highest mean MGR (9.3 mm/day) and lowest spawn run period (9.0 days). In the bag test, "BS (70%) + WB (30%)" was the best substrate displaying the shortest spawn run period (19.7 days), and the highest fresh sporophore yield (131.7 g/bag), biological efficiency (53.1%) and number of basidiocarp (9.0/bag) of A. cornea. Also, A. cornea cultivation was processed to model yield, biological efficiency (BE), spawn run period (SRP), days for pinhead formation (DPHF), days for the first harvest (DFFH), and total cultivation period (TCP) by multilayer perceptron-genetic algorithm (MLP-GA). MLP-GA (0.81-0.99) exhibited a higher predictive ability than stepwise regression (0.06-0.58). The forecasted values of the output variables were in good accordance with their observed ones corroborating the good competency of established MLP-GA models. MLP-GA modeling exhibited a powerful tool for forecasting and thus selecting the optimal substrate for maximum A. cornea production.

Pengendalian Jamur Ganoderma dengan Metode Perbanyakan Jamur Trichoderma pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit di PT PP London Sumatra Bah Lias Research Station

Ganoderma sp. usually attack from the root or base of the trunk on the tree whether the tree is alive or dead. There are also other species of Ganoderma whose pileus attaches directly to the tree. Ganoderma whose growth medium is in wood/trees, Ganoderma belongs to "lignicolous" mushrooms. Ganoderma sp. cause rot at the base of the stem (BPB) in oil palm or other productive crops such as rubber, coconut and tea. The tools used in this activity are digital scales, beakers, measuring cups, ovens, LAF, petri dishes, ose needles, hotplates, Bunsen, aluminum foil, autoclaves, knives, heat-resistant plastic or polypropylene, wool thread, gauze plugs, paralon, newspaper, rubber. these activities are potato extract, sugar, agar powder, aquadest, RWB, corn and fine bran. Potato extract 200 gr, sugar 10 gr, agar powder 12 gr. dissolved in 1000 ml of distilled water, the inoculum rubber wood was cut to a size of 6 cm x 6 cm x 6 cm and processed for 7 hours. Then mix the Trichoderma in the soil media. After that, imprisonment was carried out in bags of oil palm in polybags and a high proportion of deaths from oil palm seedlings up to 12 months of age. Trichoderma which acts as an antagonist microbe can suppress the growth of pathogens. By propagating the Trichoderma fungus, which is one of the ways to use biological agents to control 18 plant pests and diseases and can reduce the proportion of deaths in oil palm nurseries. Propagation of Trichoderma fungus on a nursery scale is used as pest and disease control, especially Ganoderma fungus which is currently still a pathogen in oil palm growth. By propagating Trichoderma fungus also cannot rule out the possibility of Ganoderma fungus growing.
 Keywords: Ganoderma, Trichoderma and Propagation

MEDIA ALTERNATIF EKSTRAK UBI JALAR SEBAGAI MEDIA TUMBUH JAMUR Aspergillus sp dan Candida sp PADA SERUMEN TELINGA PETANI DI KELURAHAN DORPEDU KOTA TERNATE

Fungal are plants that require habitat conditions and high humidity. So it is one of the causes of public health problems in Indonesia. Groups at high risk of fungal infection are farmers because one of them is in direct contact with warm and humid areas at work. Otomycosis is a fungal infection that often occurs in the outer ear. Predisposing factors that influence include high humidity, local trauma which is often caused by the habit of using cotton buds, iron hooks and hair strands, long-term use of steroids and a history of dermatomycosis. Otomycosis is one of the common symptoms that are often found in ENT clinics and its prevalence reaches 9% of all patients who show symptoms and signs of otitis externa with Candida Sp and Aspergillus as the fungal species obtained the most from the oscillates. This study aims to determine the presence of fungal growth in the ear serum of farmers in Dorpedu Village. The location of the sampling was conducted in the Dorpedu Village, Ternate City and the location of this research was carried out at the Integrated Laboratory of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health of Ternate, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology. The method used in this study is to examine the culture and followed by 10% KOH staining. This study used accidental sampling technique with a sample of 20 farmers' ear serumThe results obtained showed that from 20 samples of farmers' ear serum in Dorpedu Village examined, Candida albicans and Aspergillus sp.: Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be seen that from 20 samples of farmer ear serum in Dorpedu Village, it was found that in the sweet potato extract media there were 17 (85%) positive samples of C. albicans, 1 (5%)positive samples of Aspergillus sp. PDA 20 (100%) samples were positive for C. albicans, and 2 (10%) samples were negative on sweet potato extract media where no fungal colonies were found. Sweet potato extract media can be used as an alternative medium for fungal growth.Keywords: Fungal, ear cerumen swab, otomycosis

The Borax Test Using Purple Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas Var. Ayumurasaki) Extract on Meatball Samples in Banyuwangi District 2022

Borax or sodium biborate is a white crystalline compound that is stable at room temperature. Ii is usually used to make detergents and antiseptics. However, nowadays there is still a lot of borax added to food ingredients to make food chewier, such as tofu, wet noodles, meatballs, ​​chicken, fresh and salted fish. Purple potatoe (Ipomoea batatas Var. Ayumurasaki) has fairly high anthocyanin content, 5.92-402 mg/25 mg of fresh purple potato. Anthocyanins are compounds that are able to detect the presence of borax in food samples because they can break down borax bonds into borax acid by binding it to a blue color. This study aimed to determine the presence of borax in meatball samples in Banyuwangi district using purple potato extract with the maceration and pressing method, then a comparative test was carried out using the test kit method for valid results. The positive control used was borax with a level of 0.02 mg/2 ml, and the negative control used aquadest. The maceration method produced a significant color change when compared to other method, namely bluish green when interacting with borax. The meatball samples in Banyuwangi sub-district showed that all samples were free from borax, this was indicated by the absence of a color change when interacting with the purple sweet potato or the test kit.

Effect of Combination from Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Ethanolic Extract and Ramipril Administration on Myocardial Platelet Derived Growth Factor an Expression and Myocardial Collagen Deposition in Hypertensive Rat Models

Objective: To determine the effect of administration of combination of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) ethanolic extract and ramipril in a rat model of hypertension. Methods: This is an experimental study with a post-test only control group design and is a collaborative study of the effect of giving a combination of ethanol extract of purple sweet potato tuber (Ipomoea batatas L.) and ramipril in a rat model of hypertension. Thirty male Wistar rats were given 2 mL/day of 4% NaCl diet to induce hypertension. The rats were divided into 3 treatment groups, consisting of NaCl 4% 2 mL/day+combination therapy with purple sweet potato tuber ethanol extract 400 mg/kgBW/day and ramipril 1 mg/day, NaCl 4% 2 mL/day+purple sweet potato tuber ethanol extract 400 mg/kgBW/day and NaCl 4% 2 mL/day+ramipril 1 mg/day. At week 5, rat was executed to examine myocardial PDGF-A expression and measure myocardial collagen deposition. All the obtained data were analyzed statistically. Results: Administration of ethanolic extract of purple sweet potato 400mg/kgBW/day + ramipril 1mg/day significantly reduced myocardial PDGF-A expression compared to ethanolic extract of purple sweet potato alone (mean difference 14.17 pg/mLCI95% 2.36 – 25.98, P value = 0.016) or ramipril 1mg/day (mean difference 25.58 pg/mL; CI95% 17.07 – 40.09l, P value < 0.001). Administration of ethanolic extract of purple sweet potato 400mg/kgBW/day + ramipril 1mg/day significantly reduced myocardial collagen deposition when compared to administration of purple sweet potato alone (mean difference: 3.30%; CI 95% 1.97 – 4.64; P value <0.001). Administration of ethanolic extract of purple sweet potato combined with ramipril has higher potential effect in reducing myocardial PDGF-A expression and myocardial collagen deposition, compared to single therapy. Conclusion: Administration of ethanolic extract of purple sweet potato combined with ramipril was able to provide the best reduction in myocardial PDGF-A expression and myocardial collagen deposition.

Effect of 3% Grape Seed Extract on the Bond Strength of Bleached Enamel with Natural and Commercially Available Bleaching Agents: An In-vitro Study

Introduction: Following bleaching with natural and commercial bleaching agents, to reverse the bond strength of enamel various antioxidants are used. The 3% Grape Seed Extract (GSE) has been more potent to be used as an antioxidant and has shown the immediate improvement in the Shear Bond Strength (SBS) values. Aim: To evaluate the effect of 3% GSE as an antioxidant on the bond strength of bleached enamel with natural {Sweet Potato Extract (SPE)}, commercial {35% Hydrogen Peroxide (H2 O2 )} bleaching agents. Materials and Methods: This experimental in-vitro study was conducted at Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India, over a period of 1 week in January 2021. According to the bleaching agent used, the labial surfaces of 40 extracted maxillary central incisors have been divided into two groups. Group I (n=20) include teeth bleached by SPE (natural) for about 30 minutes. Group II (n=20) included teeth bleached using 35% H2O2 (Pola office) for about 8 minutes. Each group were again divided into two subgroups (n=10) based on the application of 3% GSE. After bleaching procedures, composite resin cylinders were bonded incrementally on the labial surface and stored in artificial saliva at 37°C for 24 hours. The samples were subjected to SBS under Universal Testing Machine. Data obtained were analysed using One-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc test. Results: On comparison of mean SBS values, statistically significant difference (p-value<0.05) was observed in all groups. The SBS values observed in 35% H2O2 bleached teeth were highly significant than the teeth bleached using 3% GSE application. Conclusion: Application of 3% GSE immediately after bleaching the enamel surfaces neutralizes the deleterious effects of bleaching and increases SBS significantly.

Water binders in beef patties increase yield and extend shelf life.

Identifying nonallergenic, natural water binders to increase beef patty juiciness and extend shelf life would be beneficial to the beef industry. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of integrating water binders into beef hamburger patties on cooking yield, shelf life, and pH. Five water binder treatments were added at 2% of the meat block. Treatments included potato extract, citrus fiber, dried refried beans, potato peel, or no binder (control). Six batches of each treatment were made and two patties from each batch were analyzed for each parameter. Fluid yield and lipid oxidation were measured on cooked, frozen (210 d), and reheated patties. Raw patties were used to evaluate color, fluid loss, and lipid oxidation over 4 d of retail display. Patties containing citrus fiber improved reheat yield (P = 0.03) and overall yield (P < 0.01). Citrus patties had the lowest pH (P < 0.01) at 5.45. On days 0 and 4 of retail display, patties containing a water binder treatment had less lipid oxidation than the control patties (P < 0.01). Additionally, the cooked, frozen, and reheated patties, had less lipid oxidation when containing a water binder treatment than the control patties (P < 0.01). Citrus fiber improved water retention in reheated patties, and all water binders delayed lipid oxidation in raw, cooked, frozen, and reheated patties. Increasing patty juiciness and delaying lipid oxidation will improve consumers' eating experience of reheated, precooked patties in settings such as school or hospital cafeterias.

The effect of an anthocyanin on the gut permeability of a Type 2 Diabetic Drosophila melanogaster

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affected slightly less than half a billion patients globally in 2019 and is expected to affect 700 million by 2045. T2DM is characterized by the body's inability to respond to the body’s circulating insulin, a phenomenon known as insulin resistance. A symptom of T2DM is increased gut permeability, which can lead to an increase in the toxins that enter the gut and bloodstream, resulting in complications such as nerve damage, heart disease, and kidney damage. The current treatment for T2DM, Metformin, can exacerbate gut permeability. One potential alternative to combat Metformin’s negative effects is anthocyanins, like purple sweet potato extract (PSPE), which are water soluble plant pigments with antidiabetic effects like increased insulin secretion. Once anthocyanins reach the large intestine and are transformed by the gut microbiota, they form into metabolites, chemical compounds responsible for metabolism, resulting in decreased gut permeability. Therefore, we hypothesized that anthocyanins can be used as potential chemical mediators that decrease gut permeability. Our research aimed to find whether metabolites of purple sweet potato extract (PSPE) are associated with decreased gut permeability using a type 2 diabetic Drosophila melanogaster model. To determine the gut permeability, we used the Surf Assay and observed that the PSPE treatment drastically reduced gut permeability of the flies. Our research provides valuable knowledge about the relationship between PSPE, gut permeability, and T2DM, which may positively impact the lives of hundreds of millions of people.

Study of addition sweet potato extract on sensory test and antioxidant activity in yoghurt

Sweet potato is a local food ingredient that needs to be preserved and its benefits are because it contains a high source of starch with anthocyanins. The utilization of local ingredients is still rarely used due to limited knowledge of sweet potato processing techniques. The purpose of this study is to create innovations by developing purple sweet potato food cultivation as a natural dye in the formulation of yogurt products through hedonic testing. The research was conducted using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) method with 4 treatments consisting of 4 levels, namely A = 0 mg, B = 5 mg, C = 10 mg dan D = 15 mg, repeated 3 times. The most preferred yogurt by the panelists was yogurt with 15 mg of purple sweet potato extract added, with a value of 3.78 for taste, 3.01 for flavor and 3.53 for color. With a protein content of 4.76 gr, fat 12.60 gr, 13.2 gr, anthocyanins 14.42 mg (in 100 mL), and antioxidant activity of 3851.13 ppm.

Histopathology of Nephrotoxicity Associated with Administered Water Extract Purple Sweet Potato (&lt;i&gt;Ipomoea batatas&lt;/i&gt;) in Mice (&lt;i&gt;Mus musculus&lt;/i&gt;) in Stratified Phases of Dose

The main aim of the registered purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is to provide minimize the adverse chemical drugs, in addition to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. Potentially adverse effects may be observed in laboratory animals in particular, the extent to which this administration can cause toxicity. This study aimed to examine the histopathology of nephrotoxicity associated with administered water extracts of purple sweet potato in mice with stratified doses. The study was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung on September 2019. Female mice (Mus musculus) strain Swiss Webster, aged between 6–8 weeks weighing 25 to 30 g, were obtained from Biopharma Laboratory, Bandung. The animal was acclimatized for seven days before being administered water extract purple sweet potato: eleven mice, one control group, and ten treatment groups underwent toxicity doses of purple sweet potato water extract administration. Purple sweet potato variant of Ayamurasaki prepared in various oral doses. The results show in the control group there were no histopathological changes, but in the group administered water extract purple sweet potato from the first phase seems in a mild grade of macrophage accumulation, mild vacuolization of tubular epithelial cells, mild vascular dilatation, and mild hydrophilic degeneration. In the second phase, macrophage accumulation was visible in moderate grades. The LD50 of purple sweet potato extract is greater than 5,000 mg/kgBW. The findings of this study indicate that registration of purple sweet potato extract in confirmatory doses is safe to administer and did not exhibit any mortality. The toxicity test of purple sweet potato water extracts in the kidney exhibits minimal chemical effects.

Effectiveness of Purple Sweet Potato Extract and Disclosing Substance for Plaque Identification

Oral hygiene is an indicator of oral and dental health which can be assessed based on the presence or absence of organic deposits, such as pellicle, materia alba (dental deposit), food residue, calculus, and dental plaque. Plaque is the cause of tooth decay among the world's population. Plaque on the tooth surface can be used as an indicator of oral hygiene. Poor cleaning can lead to stickier plaque and tartar after calcification. The thin plaque is almost the same as the color of the teeth, so that plaque cannot be seen with the naked eye. The presence of plaque that is formed from contact with oral fluids can be detected by using certain dye. This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of Purple Sweet Potato Extract and Disclosing substance for Plaque Identification among the children in Aisyah Orphanage, Tilatang Kamang Sub-District, Agam District. This was a quasi-experimental study with a post-test-only design. The samples of this study were 30 children at Aisyah Orphanage, Tilatang Kamang Sub-District, Agam District, with the inclusion criteria of children with permanent teeth and index teeth. The samples were selected through total sampling technique. The results showed that after applying purple sweet potato extract to the children at Aisyah Orphanage in Bukittinggi City, most of them had the Patient Hygiene Performance index (PHP) in the moderate criteria (50%). Furthermore, after applying disclosing substances to the children at Aisyah Orphanage in Bukittinggi City, most of them had the PHP index in the poor criteria (56.7%). The t-test independent statistical test results obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p &lt;0.005), indicating a significant difference between sweet potato extract and disclosing substance. Disclosing substance was more effective than purple sweet potato extract in identifying plaque on the tooth surface. Further study is recommended to apply purple sweet potato extract with different concentrations as an alternative ingredient to identify plaque on the tooth surface.

PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI NaOH TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK SABUN PADAT EKSTRAK UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas Lam)

Soap is a cleanser made by reacting chemically between a sodium base and a fatty acid. NaOH is varied because it is the main ingredient in the saponification process. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in NaOH concentration on the physical properties of solid soap preparations of purple sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas Lam.). The research method used is a pre-experimental one group post test design. The carrier material used in this study was NaOH with different concentrations of F1 (5%), F2 (8.5%), F3 (12%). The active ingredient used in this study was purple sweet potato extract as an antioxidant. Evaluation includes organoleptic (texture, color, smell), pH, moisture content, and foam height. The results showed that changes in NaOH concentration had an effect on the organoleptic physical properties of texture, pH, water content, and foam height of solid soap preparations and did not affect the organoleptic color and smell. The formula with 8.5% NaOH concentration gave the best physical characteristics in terms of organoleptic, namely smooth texture, light brown color, strong bubble gum smell, pH 9.9, water content 0.5%, high foam in 9 cm aquadest.

Multifunctional intelligent film integrated with purple sweet potato anthocyanin and quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for monitoring and maintaining freshness of shrimp

Herein, an antioxidant, antibacterial and pH-sensitive multifunctional film is fabricated by incorporating anthocyanins-rich purple sweet potato extract and quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in agar /sodium alginate polymer matrix for monitoring and maintaining the freshness of shrimp. The film shows distinguishable color changes as pH changes and is highly sensitive to volatile ammonia. Moreover, the digital color information of the film is obtained by smartphone combined with RGB (red/green/blue) analysis. The G/R values are successfully used for the evaluation of shrimp freshness. More importantly, the film exhibits strong UV-blocking, antioxidant, antibacterial properties, and excellent mechanical, water vapor barrier properties, which enables the film to be used as a food packaging film. Notably, shrimp packed with the film can extend shelf life to about 36 h in refrigerated storage. Consequently, the multifunctional film can be applied to intelligent packaging for not only real-time indicating but also high-efficiently preserving the freshness of animal-derived foods.

Sweet potato extract alleviates high-fat-diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice, but not by inhibiting pancreatic lipases.

Sweet potato is widely consumed as a healthy and nutritive vegetable containing bioactive constituents for health promotion. This study investigated the beneficial impact of white-fleshed sweet potato extract (SPE) on high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. First, SPE, in which resin glycoside was found as the dominant constituent, was suggested as a potential anti-obesity agent, because 20-70% pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition was measured with SPE by in vitro turbidity assay and pNPP assay. Hence, next, the effect of SPE on obese mice was detected by oral administration of HFD supplemented with 6% SPE on C57BL/6J mice for 9 weeks. Surprisingly, being the opposite of what was typically observed from a lipase inhibitor such as orlistat, the fecal fat content in SPE-fed obese mice was decreased (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, 6% SPE supplement indeed significantly ameliorated HFD-induced obesity in mice, including body weight gain, fat accumulation, adipocyte enlargement, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis (p < 0.05). The improved liver steatosis was found associated with a down-regulating action of SPE on nuclear factor kappa B activation in HFD-fed mice. The anti-obesity influence of SPE was also confirmed on the HepG2 cell model for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). These results indicate that SPE, as a dietary supplement, has the great potential for weight control and treating hepatic steatosis, possibly through a different action mechanism from that of orlistat.

Octenyl succinylated potato starch-based film reinforced by honey-bee products: Structural and functional properties

Edible films were developed from native or octenyl succinylated potato starches and extracts from the following honey-bee products: multifloral honey, buckwheat honey, bee-pollen, bee-bread or propolis. Pasting and rheology properties of film-forming suspensions as well as structural characteristic and physical properties of the produced films were studied. The results showed that esterified starch and the honey-bee extracts (HBE) changed film properties in a different way, depending on the type of the extract. The pasting and rheological properties were improved as a result of both starch esterification and incorporation of the HBE. The FTIR-ATR spectroscopy of films indicated that some molecular interactions between the starch and the HBE may have occurred. The films made from the esterified starch showed significantly lower tensile strength, elasticity, thermal transition parameters (enthalpy - ΔH and onset - To, peak - Tp, end - Te temperatures), as well as higher swelling as compared to the native starch films. All films were characterized by a high structural integrity, however films based on esterified starch and reinforced with HBE exhibited a rough and folding surface. Bee-bread and propolis extracts seem to be the most promising HBE for production of films due to the ability to reduce solubility and thermal transition parameters as well as to improve mechanical properties of the films.

Structural, optical and electrochemical properties of banana, mango leaves and potato extracts reduced graphene oxide

Structural, optical and electrochemical properties of banana, mango leaves and potato extracts reduced graphene oxide