Post Measures Research Articles

Keeping Active with Texting after Stroke (KATS): a single-arm feasibility and acceptability study of a behavioural intervention to promote community-based physical activity after stroke rehabilitation

ObjectivesTo test the feasibility and acceptability of a text-message-delivered behavioural intervention to promote and maintain physical activity and recovery after stroke rehabilitation.DesignA single-arm acceptability and feasibility study.SettingCommunity rehabilitation services in...

Quality of Life Outcomes Following Radioactive lodine 131 Therapy in Hyperthyroid Patients: Insights from the Thyroid Patient-Reported Outcome Questionnaire.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Radioactive iodine 131 (RAI 131) therapy on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with hyperthyroidism using the Thyroid Patient-Reported Outcome (ThyPRO) questionnaire and to quantify the extent of these improvements. This two-year, prospective, single-center study was conducted at the University Medical Faculty Hospital. Eighty-four patients (39 males and 45 females) diagnosed with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, or toxic adenoma received RAI 131 therapy at doses of 10, 15, 20, or 30 mCi. The ThyPRO questionnaire, consisting of 84 questions across 12 domains, was administered before treatment and six months post-treatment to assess QoL. The primary outcome was the change in ThyPRO scores. Significant improvements in all post-treatment QoL measures were observed in both males and females (p<0.001). The average age of the patients was 58.33±12.45 years. QoL improvements were consistent across all age groups (<50, 50-60, >60 years) and at all levels of hyperthyroidism severity (mild, moderate, and severe). All RAI 131 dose groups (10, 15, 20, and 30mCi) showed significant improvements in QoL, with no significant differences between dose groups. The correlation analysis revealed that age had a weak negative correlation with QoL improvement (r=-0.20, p=0.05), whereas thyroid hormone levels were significantly correlated with QoL improvement. Multiple regression analysis identified initial ThyPRO score and age as significant predictors of QoL improvement, whereas sex and RAI 131 dose were not significant predictors. RAI therapy significantly enhanced the QoL of hyperthyroid patients according to demographic and disease severity. These findings support the use of RAI 131 as a primary treatment for hyperthyroidism, highlighting the importance of personalized treatment approaches for optimizing patient outcomes. Future research should focus on long-term QoL outcomes and refine therapeutic strategies.

Research Review: Mechanisms of change and between-family differences in parenting interventions for children with ADHD - an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Understanding the mechanisms of change and between-family differences in behavioural parenting interventions for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may help personalise interventions. Therefore, we examined whether improvements in parenting are associated with changes in child behaviour and functional outcomes, and how these associations vary based on parents' baseline parenting levels. We collected individual participant data including 19 randomised controlled trials focusing on children with ADHD (n = 1,720). Immediate post-intervention measures of child ADHD and oppositional behaviour severity, reported by parents and functional impairment reported by either the parent or probably masked clinicians, were treated as outcomes. We estimated pathways from intervention (vs. control) to child outcomes, via immediate post-intervention parent reports of constructive parenting (e.g. praise), non-constructive parenting (e.g. physical punishment) and parent-child affection (e.g. warmth), while controlling for baseline values of both child outcomes and parenting levels. Baseline values of each parenting variable were used as moderators of the mediated pathways. Improvements in parenting behaviours and parent-child affection immediately following the intervention jointly explained concurrent improvements in children's ADHD severity, oppositional behaviour and functional impairment. Furthermore, when reversing the direction of the pathways, improvements in all child outcomes jointly explained improvements in each aspect of parenting. Improvements in non-constructive parenting and parent-child affection uniquely accounted for intervention effects on functional impairment, especially for families with higher baseline levels of non-constructive parenting. Our findings might indicate that improvements in both the behavioural and affective aspects of parenting are associated with concurrent reductions in child behaviour problems and functional impairment. However, more research is necessary to explore the potential causal directionality between parenting and child outcomes. Nonetheless, supporting families with poorer parenting skills may be especially important, as reductions in non-constructive parenting in these families are linked to stronger treatment effects on child functional impairment.

Evaluating the Implementation of an Occupational Therapy-Led Concussion Clinic Model Into Usual Practice: A Mixed Methods Study.

(1) To evaluate the implementation of Australia's first occupational therapy-led concussion clinic model into usual practice by examining acceptability and fidelity among clinicians and service users, and (2) to explore the feasibility of embedding outcome measures into the service to facilitate longer-term clinic evaluation. A large tertiary trauma hospital service in Melbourne, Australia. Participants were patients referred to the concussion clinic and occupational therapists working in the service. Prospective, single-site, mixed methods design. Acceptability outcomes were evaluated using clinician interviews and the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8. Clinic fidelity was assessed by service usage data. Long-term patient outcomes assessed concussion (Rivermead Post-Concussive Questionnaire), mood symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and participation in activities of daily living (Community Integration Questionnaire-Revised). Over 18months, 73% (n=177) of patients were referred to the clinic, and 75% attended. Adherence to protocol was achieved; however, the completion rate of post-treatment measures was low. Almost half of the patients required specialist referrals beyond the clinic model for persistent symptoms. The interviewed occupational therapists (n=6) viewed the clinic as a "safety net for patients," believed they were "learning as we go," recognized that the "clinic had potential to grow," but admitted, "we could be doing more." High attendance rates and patient satisfaction further supported clinic acceptance at an end-user level. An occupational therapy-led concussion clinic is accepted by patients and clinicians to capture the immediate needs of people with concussions after discharge. However, coordinated pathways to multidisciplinary care are needed to address the long-term needs of people with persistent concussion symptoms and problems returning to daily activities.

The potential for Safewards to reduce restrictive interventions for people arriving to the emergency Department with police for a mental health assessment.

A retrospective file audit was conducted using pre and post measures on the use of restrictive interventions following the implementation of Safewards. Demographic and restrictive interventions data were extracted from the hospital databases 12 months before and 6 months after Safewards was implemented. All patients transported to the ED by police for a mental health assessment were included in two regional emergency departments in Victoria, Australia, with over 122,000 presentations per year accredited by the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine. There were 1379 pre and 543 post attendances accompanied by police. Of these, 85.5% pre and 99.1% post were transported to the hospital under Section 351 of the MHA (2014). Post implementation, there were fewer code grey events (clinical and security responses to unarmed threat) that required restrictive interventions including mechanical or chemical restraint. The number of code grey events in which no restrictive intervention was applied increased from 76.7% to 86.6%. Staff assigned higher triage ratings following the introduction of Safewards. There was a significant reduction in code grey events that used one restrictive intervention after implementing Safewards ED interventions (15.6% versus 7.2%; p=<0.001). Significantly fewer sedative medications were administered to manage behaviour on arrival (20.6% pre versus 9.8% post, p=<0.001). The Safewards ED adaptation may have contributed to a reduction in the use of restrictive interventions in this high-risk subgroup of patients frequently subject to restrictive interventions in the ED. Further research is required to validate the findings from this subgroup analysis.

P-2206. Impact of Sustained Virologic Response Achieved with Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents on Liver Fibrosis and Steatosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection is a primary cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. The association between viral eradication, defined as a sustained virologic response (SVR) 12-24-48 weeks post-treatment, and decline in liver steatosis and stiffness has not been elucidated. Weighted mean difference of liver stiffness measurement between sustained virologic response in 12 weeks and baseline Methods We searched PubMed and EMBASE for studies that included patients with HCV infection who received direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) with pre and post treatment measurements of liver fibrosis and steatosis. Liver fibrosis was evaluated with liver stiffness measurements (LSM) by utilizing vibration controlled transient elastography, while liver fat accumulation was quantified using controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). We present the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of LSM and CAP with random-effects meta-analysis between pretreatment and SVR (at 12, 24 and 48 weeks). Weighted mean difference of liver stiffness measurement between sustained virologic response in 24 weeks and baseline Results After screening 815 citations and excluding studies involving patients coinfected with HIV or those with a history of liver transplant, we identified and analyzed studies reporting LSM and CAP values before and after achieving SVR with DAA treatment. Specifically, 6 studies reported LSM at SVR 12 weeks, 10 studies at SVR 24 weeks, 11 studies at SVR 48 weeks, and 5 studies reported CAP at SVR 24 weeks. Among 1601 patients who achieved SVR at 12 weeks, LSM decreased by 3.42 kPa (95% CI, -5.12, -1.72). Among 1836 patients who achieved SVR at 24 weeks, LSM decreased by 3.92 kPa (95% CI, -4.98, -2.86). Among 1751 patients who achieved SVR at 48 weeks, LSM decreased by 4.37 kPa (95% CI, -5.60, -3.15). Among 1216 patients who achieved SVR at 24 weeks, CAP increased by 1.92 dB/m (95% CI, -2.42, 6.27), a result that was not statistically significant. Weighted mean difference of liver stiffness measurement between sustained virologic response in 48 weeks and baseline Conclusion We found that achieving SVR in patients with hepatitis C virus infection resulted in considerable reductions in liver stiffness measurements. Changes in steatosis values were not statistically significant, and additional prospective studies should assess for alterations in liver fat accumulation among patients with HCV infection achieving SVR. Disclosures Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, PhD, BARDA: Grant/Research Support|Basilea: Advisor/Consultant|Chemic Labs/KODA Therapeutics: Grant/Research Support|Cidara: Grant/Research Support|Leidos Biomedical Research Inc./NCI: Grant/Research Support|NIH SciClone Pharmaceuticals: Grant/Research Support|NIH/NIAID: Grant/Research Support|NIH/NIGMS: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support|Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Grant/Research Support

Regulation Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) with Externalizing Behaviors: Comparing the Successful Case of "Jack," and the Unsuccessful Case of "Oliver"

Regulation Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) is a manualized, time-limited, psychodynamic approach for children who experience challenges with emotion regulation and demonstrate externalizing behavior problems (Hoffman et al., 2016). In research settings, it takes place over ten weeks and includes 16 sessions with the child and four with the child’s parents. This protocol can be extended or modified in regular clinical practice. The current study utilized a dual case study method to analyze pretreatment and post-treatment measures and compare psychotherapy outcomes and process in RFP-C between a successful and an unsuccessful case. Data examined included (a) quantitative outcome measures; (b) case conceptualizations and clinical vignettes drawn from review of session videos; (c) post-treatment interviews with parent, child, and therapist; and (d) psychotherapy process codings of child and parent sessions. These data were employed to (a) identify differential psychotherapy processes; (b) assess parental defense mechanisms; (c) assess parental attachment classifications; and (d) evaluate therapist countertransference ratings. Results indicated that many variables contributed to successful versus unsuccessful treatment outcomes, including but not limited to (a) the child’s spontaneity; (b) the child’s active participation and emotional expression throughout treatment; (c) themes of child play; (d) the therapist’s countertransference; (e) the child and parental defense mechanisms; and (f) the parental attachment styles. Taken together, findings from this study contribute to the literature on therapeutic outcomes for children and families and highlight some of the essential characteristics of successful psychotherapy process. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are also discussed.

Enhancing wellbeing among pre-service teachers through a mindfulness-based social and emotional learning curriculum: a quasi-experimental study in China.

Integrating mindfulness practices and Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) into teacher education can significantly enhance educators' wellbeing, resilience, and effectiveness. However, the cultural specificity of such interventions, particularly in the Chinese educational context, requires careful adaptation and examination. This study aims to design, implement, and evaluate a culturally adapted MBSEL curriculum for Chinese pre-service teachers. It investigates the program's effectiveness in improving mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction, contributing to the literature on integrating mindfulness and SEL in teacher education within a specific cultural setting. Employing a quasi-experimental design, the study involved a sample of 41 Chinese pre-service teachers divided into an experimental group (n = 22) and a control group (n = 19). The MBSEL program's impact on participants' mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction was assessed using pre- and post-intervention measures. The results of repeated measures analyses of variance indicated significant improvements in mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction among participants in the experimental group compared to the control group. These outcomes underscore the effectiveness of the culturally adapted MBSEL program in enhancing key aspects of pre-service teachers' wellbeing and professional readiness. The study demonstrates that a culturally adapted MBSEL curriculum effectively enhances mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction among Chinese pre-service teachers. This emphasizes the necessity of cultural sensitivity in developing mindfulness and SEL interventions for teacher education. Moreover, the success of the MBSEL program suggests its potential for global integration, urging policymakers and educators to prioritize culturally tailored approaches to enhance teacher wellbeing and educational outcomes.

A randomized controlled trial of an intervention for unmet supportive care needs addressing colorectal cancer couples.

Supported by the Supportive Care Needs Framework (SCNF), we developed a colorectal cancer (CRC) couple-based unmet supportive care needs (USCNs) intervention program, which has been proven to be feasible. The intention was to assess what the clinical efficacy of this intervention would be in CRC couples. One hundred and sixty-eight CRC couples were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a control group (receiving normal care) or an intervention group (receiving normal care plus a five-week USCNs intervention). Information on USCNs, mutual communication, quality of life, and psychological adjustment was gathered from CRC couples both at baseline and right after the intervention. The collected data were examined using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). There were 135 CRC couples who completed the five-week intervention and post-intervention outcome measures (retention rate: 80.4%). Combining with the ANOVA results (p<0.001 for both couples) and the intervention effect sizes Cohen's d (d=0.33-0.60 for patients, d=0.22-0.59 for spousal caregivers), the USCNs intervention is effective in improving USCNs, mutual communication, mental health, positive emotions, and negative emotions in CRC couples. The CRC couple-based USCNs intervention effectively reduces USCNs and promotes cancer adjustment among CRC couples. This intervention can assist clinical staff in refining routine care components to enable couples to manage CRC more effectively. In the future, it will be essential to lengthen the follow-up duration to assess the efficacy of the intervention in the long term.

Don't Pop It! Modifying the Balloon Analogue Risk Task for a Course-Based Research Experience

Background Relatively few studies focus on Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) to improve retention of knowledge and enhance student research experience in the social sciences. Objective We introduced a modified, manual version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), in which students engaged in all phases of a research project, including the development of a risk-taking assessment, participant recruitment, scale administration, presentation of the modified BART, data collection, and data entry and analysis. Method To determine the effectiveness of the CUREs, students self-reported their research knowledge and skills using pre–post measures. Additionally, we measured attitudes and perceptions of the student's experience with the research project. Results Results from the learning outcomes demonstrated increased research knowledge and skills and a positive overall experience with the project. Conclusion The modified BART is an effective CURE for engaging undergraduate psychology students enrolled in research methods courses. Teaching Implications Engagement through hands-on research project design and data collection, as demonstrated with the modified BART, may serve to increase the overall retention of information and enhance class experience, potentially creating a pipeline for further engagement in high-impact practices for undergraduate psychology students.

Effects of Short-Term Low Energy Availability on Metabolism and Performance-Related Parameters in Physically Active Adults.

Low energy availability (LEA) can cause impaired reproductive function, bone health issues, and suppressed immune function, and may result in decreased performance and overall health status. The purpose of this study was to investigate adaptions of body composition, blood status, resting metabolic rate, and endurance performance to gain more comprehensive insights into the symptoms of LEA and the adaptive effects in the athlete population (active women (n = 11) and men (n = 11)). Three treatments were defined as 45 (EA45, control), 30 (EA30), and 10 (EA10) kcal/kg FFM/day and randomly assigned. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were performed through blood sampling, bioelectrical impedance analysis, resting metabolic rate measurement, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and the incremental endurance test to exhaustion. There was a significant reduction in body weight and fat mass in EA10 compared to EA45 (p ≤ 0.05). Blood serum levels were altered in triglyceride, uric acid, and creatinine concentrations in EA10 compared to EA45 (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, blood glucose was still accumulated after 120 min during OGTT in EA10 compared to EA45 (p ≤ 0.05). The respiratory exchange ratio was reduced during submaximal stages of the incremental treadmill test to exhaustion without influencing performance output after treatment EA10 (p ≤ 0.05). However, the resting metabolic rate did not change (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this short-term study indicates that energy restriction can lead to several metabolic-related adaptations, which suggests that the availability and regulation of glucose and fats are significantly influenced after only five days of LEA in physically active women and men. Future research should focus on longer exposures of LEA and sex-specific comparisons (including the menstrual cycle) on LEA symptoms.

North American Pilot of TBIconneCT: A Social Communication Intervention via Telehealth for Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury and Their Conversation Partners.

The purpose of this pilot investigation was to identify formative feedback to guide the development of a North American version of the TBIconneCT program. A secondary purpose was to examine the feasibility of delivering the intervention by graduate students. Two cohorts of individuals with chronic brain injuries and their communication partners were recruited for a 10-week, modified TBIconneCT program delivered by graduate student clinicians via telehealth. Eight dyads were recruited for the first cohort, but only four dyads completed the investigation. Ten dyads participated in the second cohort, but only seven dyads completed the investigation. Along with pre and post self-reported measures of communication and participation, participants completed an interview about their experiences. Interviews were transcribed and qualitatively coded using reflexive thematic analysis. Participants from both cohorts improved in all pre- and postmeasures of communication and participation; however, gains were modest across the cohorts. Qualitative analyses were conducted separately by cohort, as results from the first cohort informed modifications that were implemented in the second cohort, primarily to address Australian English dialects. Across both contexts, overarching constructs included "participant perspectives regarding outcomes," "assessments of the effectiveness of specific portions of the program," and "suggestions for improvement." The modified TBIconneCT program (North American pilot version) produced modest gains in measures of social communication, participation, and quality of life. Qualitative analyses provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the modified program, along with suggestions for refinement of the pilot version.

The Combined Effects of Cold Foot Bath and Lavender Oil Inhalation on Autonomic Variables in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

An essential function of the autonomic nerve system is to regulate physiological processes and stress responses in the body. Cold foot baths and aromatherapy with lavender oil each influence autonomic functions, but their combined effect in healthy individuals is unknown. The purpose of this study is to look into how autonomic variability in healthy volunteers is affected by both inhaling lavender oil and taking cold foot baths. A total of 60 healthy individuals were randomized to be placed in either the control group (n=30) or the experimental group (n=30) and were instructed to attend a single designated session. The control group underwent a 20-minute cold foot bath, while the experimental group received a 20-minute cold foot bath combined with lavender oil inhalation. Assessments were carried out before, during, and after the interventions. To evaluate autonomic variables, we monitored galvanic skin response (GSR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) using an equivital belt. Furthermore, we measured blood pressure (BP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) before, during (20 minutes) the intervention, and after a 10-minute resting period; post-intervention measurements were taken. Repeated measures analysis revealed a significant difference in standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), pNN50, and heart rate (HR) for time-domain variables (p<0.05), whereas the frequency-domain analysis showed a significant difference over time in LF/HF, LF, and HF (p<0.05). When these were compared between the groups, a significant difference was observed only in LF and HF (p<0.04). Additionally, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) in diastolic and systolic blood pressure between the groups was noted. The combination of a cold foot bath and lavender oil inhalation may modulate autonomic activity, promoting relaxation by vagal balance in healthy individuals.

Individual versus group exercise effect on youth physical activity levels: a randomised controlled trial

ObjectivesTo explore the effects of two different types of exercise (individual vs group) on physical activity (PA) among Croatian university students.MethodsA total of 976 university students between the ages of...

Retrospective Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Benign Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery in Patients with a History of Open Abdominal Surgery

Objective : In our clinic, we aim to analyze the operative characteristics and complications of patients who have undergone abdomen surgery prior to total laparoscopic hysterectomy, in comparison to those who have not. Materials and Methods: The study analyzed a total of 2012 cases of laparoscopic hysterectomy conducted at the Women's Diseases and Birth Clinic in Tepecik Training and Research Hospital from January 2021 to December 235. The cases were categorized based on whether the patients had previous abdominal surgery or not. Various demographic characteristics, surgical treatment methods, operation durations, indications for hysterectomy, and postoperative findings were documented. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program, with a significance level set at P &lt; 0.05. Findings :No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) values and values. In contrast, the difference between preop and post op Hb value measurements ; the level of statistically significant is higher in the group without obdomen surgery (p=0,001). There is no statistically significant difference between indications in both groups as surgical indication (p=0,043). In the group without western surgery, adhesion was observed to be statistically significantly lower (p=0,001). In the group with abdomen surgery, the presence of adhesions sufficient to require adezyolisis is statistically significant (p

ON THE PATH TO SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY AND WELL-BEING THROUGH STRUCTURED TIME MANAGEMENT AT AKER SOLUTIONS

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of specific interventions designed to improve the productivity and well-being of Aker Solutions employees by reorganizing their work routines and meeting structures. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is based on the principles of Cal Newport's "Deep Work," David Allen's "Getting Things Done" (GTD), and Eisenhower's Decision Matrix, providing a structured approach to enhancing productivity through focused work and effective time management. Methodology/Approach: The methodology involves a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-intervention measures. Data were collected through performance indicators and surveys with employees to assess changes in productivity, stress levels, and job satisfaction. Findings: The results indicate a significant improvement in productivity indicators and a reduction in stress and fatigue among employees after the interventions. Engagement levels positively correlated with the success of the implemented time management strategies. Research, practical &amp; social implications: This study emphasizes the importance of structured time management and task prioritization in enhancing employee performance and well-being, suggesting that these strategies can be applied across various organizational contexts. Additionally, aligning effective time management practices with the social sustainability principles of ESG can foster a healthier and more equitable work environment, promoting a balanced work-life equilibrium. Originality/ Value: The significance of this study lies in its application of productivity theories within a genuine corporate environment, providing tangible evidence of their efficacy. It enriches existing literature by demonstrating how these practices can be tailored to meet the specific needs of organizations and employees, while also highlighting the importance of policies that foster a fair and sustainable work environment, reinforcing a commitment to social responsibility and ethical governance.

Efficacy, Safety, and Recurrence in Older Thyroid Eye Disease Patients Undergoing Teprotumumab Treatment.

Increasing life expectancy and an aging population have preserved quality of life decisions into older adulthood, defined by some clinical standards as greater than 75 years of age. While teprotumumab may represent a breakthrough in the treatment of thyroid eye disease, the teprotumumab phase III trial included only 2 patients aged over 75. Four female patients between the ages of 78 and 86-of whom 3 completed 8 infusions and 1 completed 7 infusions before discontinuation-were included in our study with a mean initial Clinical Activity Score score of 5.5, subjective diplopia, and proptosis. All patients experienced reduction in Clinical Activity Score with teprotumumab treatment. Two patients were subjective diplopia responders. Of the 6 eyes with collected measurements, all demonstrated a ≥2 mm reduction in post-treatment Hertel measurements. Most common adverse events were hyperglycemia, dysgeusia, fatigue, and alopecia. One patient with diabetes experienced an A1C rise requiring insulin. One patient had recurrence with increasing proptosis and recurrence of diplopia.

Evaluating the effectiveness and acceptability of two positive body image media micro-interventions among children aged 4–6 years old – a study protocol

BackgroundChildren’s online media perpetuates appearance idealised images and can negatively impact the way children feel about their own and other people’s bodies (e.g., weight bias) at a young age. The development and evaluation of body image interventions for young children to counteract this, are scarce. There is a need for prevention efforts to nurture the development of positive body image among this group to help mitigate potential body image concerns in later childhood. Media-based approaches promoting positive body image messages have shown preliminary efficacy. In collaboration with industry partners, we have developed two positive body image media micro-interventions (a 15-minute episode and a music video) to be evaluated in a fully powered RCT.MethodsWe aim to recruit 440 children between the ages of 4 and 6 years to be randomised into one of four conditions: (i) 15-minute episode intervention, (ii) 15-minute episode control, (iii) 3-minute music video intervention, or (iv) 3-minute music video control. This study will be conducted face-to-face, whereby children and a parent attend a media screening session and children complete pre-and post-intervention measures of positive body image and weight bias. Both the child and parent will watch their assigned media, together on a tablet device. Due to their age, children will complete outcome measures with a trained moderator in a play-based interview pre-intervention (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2) and one-week follow up (T3). A corresponding parent will complete a questionnaire on intervention acceptability at T2, and re-watch of their assigned media at T3. The primary outcome will be the change in body appreciation, and secondary outcomes include change in functionality appreciation and weight bias. Exploratory analyses will determine any effect of gender (girls vs. boys), year group (reception vs. year 1) dosage or delayed effects. Moderator fidelity will be also assessed.DiscussionThis study will evaluate two positive body image micro-interventions among children 4–6 years old. These interventions have the potential to bolster children’s positive body image and reduce weight bias. A dissemination plan is in place with project stakeholders such that the interventions can reach millions of children worldwide.Trial registrationThe trial is registered with Clinical Trial.gov, Ref number: NCT06146647.

Efectividad de una intervención escolar parala prevención del abuso sexual infantil

(analytical)Child sexual abuse prevention programs that focus on developing self-protective behaviors among children are highly significant as they address potential psychosocial impacts and the prevalence of sexual violence. There is also scientific evidence that supports their effectiveness. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 57 sixth-grade students to evaluate an intervention that involved educational workshops on the topics of sexual and reproductive rights, self-awareness, boundary setting and identifying dangerous situations. The Prudence Test was employed to verify the intervention'seffect. A significant difference was found between the different groups (U = 805.000, p &lt; .001; rbis = 0.983) and between pre- and post-intervention measures (W = 1.500, p &lt; .001, rbis = -0.992) within the experimental group. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the intervention. Keywords: Childhood; sexual abuse; prevention; child protection; school intervention.

Effects of Combination Taping Technique on Disability, Functional Capacity, and Knee Isokinetic Torque in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Study.

Treatments that combine both elastic and rigid taping in knee osteoarthritis have not yet been investigated in the literature. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to investigate how the combination taping technique affects functional status, disability, and quadricep isokinetic torque in cases of knee osteoarthritis. Patient Methods: A total of fifty-four patients were assigned to the experimental group or control group. Conventional physical therapy was provided to both groups, in addition, participants in the experimental group also received combination taping. Disability, functional status, and isokinetic quadriceps torque were assessed at baseline, six weeks (post-intervention), and twelve weeks (follow-up). MANOVA showed that post-intervention measurements were significantly better than baseline measurements of both groups, except for isokinetic quadriceps torque, which showed a nonsignificant difference in the control group. The control group's follow-up measurements revealed nonsignificant differences from those taken after the intervention, whereas the experimental group's differences were significant excluding isokinetic quadriceps torque. Measurements taken at post-intervention and follow-up revealed that the experimental group had significantly improved compared to the control groups. Combination taping was found to be more beneficial when used in addition to conventional physical therapy than when used alone in knee OA.