Postpartum Mothers Research Articles

Effectiveness of Centella Asiatica (Pegagan) Spray Gel on Perineal Wound Healing in Postpartum Women

Perineal wounds in postpartum mothers can potentially cause infections. The perineal area exposed to lochia and moisture creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth, thus hindering the wound healing process. Infections of perineal wounds can involve various types of bacteria that naturally colonize the skin and genital mucosa. The application of centella asiatica spray gel is one of the non-pharmacological methods for healing perineal wounds in postpartum mothers. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying centella asiatica spray gel 3 times a day with a concentration of 25% for 7 days on perineal wound healing and the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in postpartum mothers. This is a True Experimental study with a pretest–posttest control group design. Based on the inclusion criteria of second-degree perineal wounds with sutures were selected using random sampling, 17 participants to receive centella asiatica spray gel and 17 participants received standard dry-clean care. The level of wound healing was measured using the REEDA score. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was measured using a colony counter. REEDA score data were analyzed using the Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests, while Staphylococcus aureus growth was analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Based on the average decrease in REEDA scores by 1.06, the application of centella asiatica spray gel was effective for perineal wound healing (p=0.000). There was a significant difference in the average growth of S.aureus (p=0.040) in perineal wounds of postpartum mothers, with the intervention group showing an average difference of 6.34. The application of centella asiatica spray gel 3 times a day with a concentration of 25% for 7 days was effective for perineal wound healing and reducing Staphylococcus aureus growth in postpartum mothers.

Traditional treatment for diastasis rectus abdominis in postpartum mothers: a phenomenological study

Background/Aims Diastasis rectus abdominis is common in postpartum mothers but few studies have examined its traditional treatments. This study's aim was to explore postpartum mothers' experiences of abdominal care and Javanese cultural care. Methods This phenomenological study was conducted in rural Yogyakarta, Indonesia from May to December 2022. A total of 13 purposively selected postpartum mothers were interviewed using a semi-structured in-depth guide. Data were analysed thematically. Results The five main themes were symptoms interfere with activities and appearance, traditional and non-traditional abdominal care, benefits of and barriers to traditional care, regular use of traditional care and the need for more effective, comfortable and practical tools. Conclusions Both traditional and non-traditional care for postpartum abdominal issues present challenges. There is a need for more effective, comfortable and practical treatment for the abdominal area. Implications for practice Further research is needed to develop tools for abdominal care for postpartum women that are effective, comfortable and practical.

The Influence of Social Awareness and Social Skills on the Quality of Midwife Partnerships in Postnatal Care Services

Postpartum maternal deaths have always been more than 50% of total maternal deaths from 2016-2021, and the realization of visits by postpartum mothers at Community Health Centers has also not met the target. The low number of visits is due to the fact that postpartum mothers still need strong encouragement and motivation. Midwives have the role of providing information, education and monitoring the condition of postpartum mothers, so midwives need support from social competence and good partnerships with various parties. This research aims to analyze the influence of social competence, which includes social awareness and social skills, on midwife partnerships in postnatal care services. The research design is observational analytic with a cross-sectional time approach. The research location was carried out at 63 Community Health Centers, Surabaya City, Indonesia with a sample of 100 midwives taken using Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. The variables measured are social awareness, social skills and partnerships through distributing questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. This research has gone through an ethical review with number 085/HRECC.FODM/III/2022. The research results showed that the social awareness competency and social skills of midwives related to postnatal care services had a good percentage rating (93%, 81%, 98%). The quality of midwife partnerships in providing postnatal care services is influenced by social awareness (p= 0.04 & PR= 0.714x), but not influenced by social skills (p=0.345). If midwives' social awareness is better, the quality of midwife partnerships will be better. Therefore, midwives must be able to establish good relationships and be more open in communicating with colleagues or other work units when serving postpartum mothers.

The KIA Book's digitalization as a means to educate breastfeeding and postpartum moms on their children's health

The study aims to develop skilled and empowered human resources, particularly through interventions like strengthening governance and increased availability of services for the health of mothers and children. One major focus is on the postpartum period and breastfeeding, where efforts include providing support through digital tools for new mothers. The study seeks to identify a mentoring model for postpartum and breastfeeding mothers using a digital version of the KIA book. A non-equivalent control group was used in a pretest-posttest setting as part of a quasi-experimental design. The study involved 86 postpartum and breastfeeding mothers, with 43 receiving digital accompaniment through the KIA book as an intervention, while the other 43 served as a control group. Additionally, a qualitative approach was used, involving in-depth interviews with 12 postpartum and breastfeeding mothers, 6 primary healthcare midwives, and health service staff. The study found that digital accompaniment via the KIA book significantly influenced early risk detection, knowledge, and actions among the mothers. The digital assistance provided to postpartum and breastfeeding mothers positively impacted maternal and child health, enabling independent detection of health risks, increasing knowledge, and encouraging proactive behavior, along with family support. The research suggests the effectiveness of a mentoring model for these mothers through the digitization of the KIA book.

Levels of Oxytocin Hormone During Breastfeeding

Background: The rate of successful early breastfeeding in new mothers remains low. Various factors influence the lactation process, including the levels of prolactin and oxytocin hormones in the body. Prolactin and oxytocin are crucial for lactation, with oxytocin being released in response to nipple stimulation when the baby suckles, facilitating milk ejection. Purpose: It is the purpose of this research to determine the levels of the hormone oxytocin in postpartum moms who are nursing their infants entirely. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was used for the research project. It involved measuring oxytocin hormone levels during the third day after birth in postpartum women by the collection of blood samples and the subsequent analysis of those samples using the ELISA technique. Researchers also assessed breastfeeding success using observation sheets. The participants included 30 postpartum mothers who had undergone uncomplicated cesarean deliveries. Statistical tests were used to analyze the data on oxytocin levels and breastfeeding success. Results: A total of 53% of postpartum mothers were able to breastfeed successfully without encountering significant issues. The average oxytocin level in these mothers on the third day postpartum was found to be 786.8 pg/ml. Conclusion: The significant factor was found to be 0.002 after the data analysis was performed, indicating a significant relationship between oxytocin hormone levels and breastfeeding.

Psychological Problems and Postpartum Coitus Timeline for Dyspareunia

Problem statement. One of the basic needs after the puerperium is over is sexual. Often these needs are not properly met due to various factors. Excessive worry makes the mother feel not ready for this sexual activity. Not a few also when having sex mothers experience pain. Aim of the study. The purpose of this study was to analyze psychological problems and Coitus Postpartum Time Span are affect dyspareunia. Methodology. Non-experimental research design: cross-sectional analytic. The population is post-partum mothers as many as 86 people. Sampling technique nonprobability sampling by taking samples insdental sampling for 3 months at Clinic Pratama Anugrah Surabaya in 2023. Independent variables of psychological problems and coitus time span, dyspareunia dependent variable, questionnaire instrument, data were analyzed multiple linear regression test. Main findings. The results that the majority of mothers who did not have psychological problems (65.4%) experienced mild dyspareunia. Mothers who had sex for less than 40 days postpartum mostly (66.6%) experienced mild dyspareunia. Simultaneous results F (p=0.003) means that there is a significant effect of psychological problems and coitus time on the incidence of dyspareunia. Partially there was an effect (p=0.001) of psychological problems on dyspareunia, but for the time span of coitus it had no effect (p=0.855) on the incidence of dyspareunia. Conclusion. The more the mother has psychological problems related to sexual relations after childbirth, the more mother will experience dyspareunia. The time that is considered most appropriate for sexual intercourse after childbirth does not always affect the incidence of dyspareunia.

Knowledge and Awareness About Breastfeeding Among Postnatal Mothers in a Private Medical College

Background: Breastfeeding is essential in any infant’s nutrition and growth. There are various misconceptions and cultural beliefs regarding breastfeeding which can hinder breastfeeding and its continuation by the mothers. Objective: To describe the current level of knowledge and awareness about breastfeeding among postnatal mothers in private medical college. Methods: A Clinic based cross-sectional review was completed in the post-pregnancy ward of Obstetric division of the Saveetha clinical school and medical clinic between June 2021 toAugust 2021. Information were gathered through interview utilizing a semi-organized poll. Datawere went into Microsoft succeed and engaging examination was finished. Results: A very small percentage of postpartum mothers are aware of the significance of avoiding prelacteal feeding, early breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, burping, and breastfeeding on demand. However, more than half of postpartum mothers are aware of the health benefits of breastfeeding, the benefits of colostrum, and the bonding benefits of breastfeeding. Additionally, they are informed about whether mothers with HIV or tuberculosis can breastfeed.

Education on Kegel Exercises as an Effort to Accelerate Healing of Perineal Wounds in Postpartum Mothers at the Driyorejo Gresik Community Health Center

Infections in the postpartum period are caused by delays in perineal wound healing. Kegel exercises are exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, help prevent urinary incontinence problems, and can stretch the perineal tissue as the baby's birth canal. Accelerate healing of perineal wounds in postpartum mothers at the Driyorejo Gresik Community Health Center through Kegel exercise education. This community service was carried out on postpartum mothers with perineal wounds in the Driyorejo Gresik Community Health Center working area in March 2024. The number of postpartum mothers who were given Kegel exercises was 30 people. Service activities are divided into 3 stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. The results of the activity showed a decrease in REEDA scores after doing Kegel exercises. Giving Kegel exercises can speed up the healing of perineal wounds. Kegel exercises given to postpartum mothers for 7 days and done 3 times a day with movements that activate the pubococcygeal muscles can improve blood and oxygen circulation to the muscles and tissues around the perineum.

Efforts to Improve Postpartum Maternal Behavior through Family-Centered Maternity Care (FCMC) about Postpartum Care Education

The role of parents is inseparable from the participation or cooperation between the mother and the family (husband) and other family members. An obstacle that is still found in the care of postpartum mothers is the assumption that postpartum mothers are sick mothers, their mobilization is inhibited, the type of food is restricted, the provision of colostrum breast milk is inhibited so that the needs of postpartum mothers are prioritized for full rest. The involvement of extended families in the care of babies has so far been misinterpreted, where the care of babies is left to other family members. After efforts to improve the behavior of postpartum mothers through Family Centered Maternity Care (FCMC) education, it is hoped that postpartum mothers can carry out postpartum care by involving the family. Implementation method with demonstration and discussion. The media used are baby phantoms, postpartum care booklets, LCDs, Laptops, and Projectors. The implementation of health education is carried out by visiting the home of postpartum mothers. The result of community service is that 90% of postpartum mothers can do postpartum care with family involvement. As well as from the results of monitoring and evaluation by way of meeting again by conducting home visits (home care) to postpartum mothers using instruments related to postpartum care. Based on the implementation of community service, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the behavior of postpartum mothers in postpartum care.

The effectiveness oxytocin massage combination moringa leaves and soy milk on breastmilk production postpartum mothers

Breastfeeding is very influential on infants’ and child’s growth. Survey result in 2018 mentioning the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is 68.74% in Indonesia and 64.19% in Central Java. Some factors caused breastfeeding obstructions are breast milk didn’t ooze and small quantity of the ooze. Breast milk obstruction caused due lack of oxytocin and prolactin hormone stimulation. This can be cured by giving moringa leaves and oxytocin massage. The study's goal is to examine breast milk production after a combination oxytocin massage with moringa leaves and soy milk. The research design is quasi-experimental with a post-test only control group, and the data analysis design is an independent T-test. Population of this study is postpartum mothers in Central Java. With 83 total samples in Salatiga, Semarang, Grobogan, Rembang, Blora, Kendal and Demak. The group combined with moringa leaves, has 1,183.24 grams difference weight before and after treatment, estimated 185.21 ml volume of breast milk. The group combined with soy milk, has 1,088.04 grams difference weight before and after treatment, with 170.31 ml estimated of breast milk volume. The difference baby's weight from two combination groups was 95.2 grams with a p-value of 0.108. Conclusion of the study is the difference is not significant. The weight gain of infants in the oxytocin massage combination with moringa leaves group was higher than soy milk combination. Recommendation of moringa leaves can be offer for postpartum mother to increase the ooze of breast milk production.

Anemia during pregnancy and its influence on postpartum hemorrhage

Background: Up to 50% of pregnant women in low-income and middle-income countries are affected by anemia, and 30.43% of maternal deaths in Indonesia occur during the postpartum period. One of the predisposing factors for postpartum hemorrhage is anemia in pregnancy.Purpose: To investigate the experience of anemia during pregnancy and its influence on a postpartum hemorrhage.Method: This is an observational analysis with a case-control study design. A total of 30 postpartum mothers took part in this research (15 case groups and 15 control groups). The anemia during pregnancy and incident of postpartum hemorrhage observed—data analysis with chi-square.Results: As many as 76.5% of mothers who were anemic during pregnancy experienced postpartum hemorrhage. The analysis results found that anemia during pregnancy had a significant effect on the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (p<0.001).Conclusions: Anemia during pregnancy is very dangerous for postpartum mothers because it can have an impact on a hemorrhage.

Effectiveness of Giving Red Guava Juice and Mung Bean on Hemoglobin Levels Among Post-Partum Mothers with Anemia

Aims: to determine the effectiveness of giving red guava juice and mung bean porridge to increase HB levels in postpartum women with anemia. Methods : The study was quasi-experimental, with a pretest-posttest design for two groups. The sample for this study consisted of all postpartum women who developed anemia between June and July 2023 at the Cikampek Health Center, which may be up to 40 participants. The sampling approach is complete sampling. Results : The red guava juice intervention group had an average HB level of 10.220 gr/dl pre-test and 12.460 gr/dl post-test. The green bean porridge intervention group had an average HB level of 10.230 gr/dl before testing and 12.440 gr/dl after testing. Giving red guava juice and mung bean porridge can successfully improve Hb levels in anemic postpartum women (p-value = 0.000). Conclusions : Red guava juice and mung bean porridge can significantly boost Hb levels in anemic postpartum women. It is believed that postpartum women who have anemia will take red guava juice and mung bean porridge as an alternative to prevent anemia.

Pengaruh Pengetahuan Ibu terhadap Perawatan Tali Pusat pada Bayi Baru Lahir

Improper care of the umbilical cord can lead to premature detachment and increase the risk of umbilical cord infection (neonatal tetanus). As long as the umbilical cord has not detached naturally, it needs to be properly cared for. Failure to do so can result in infection characterized by moisture, pus, and a foul odor around the umbilical cord. This review aims to determine the influence of mothers' knowledge on the care of the umbilical cord in newborns. This review aims to investigate the impact of mothers' knowledge on the care of the umbilical cord in newborns. This study utilizes a literature review method, utilizing journal articles obtained from Google Scholar, SINTA, and Garuda databases, published between 2019 and 2023, with full text available in the Indonesian language. Based on the reviewed journals, it was found that 7 journals discovered the influence of maternal knowledge on umbilical cord care in newborns, while 4 journals stated that there are still mothers who perform umbilical cord care incorrectly according to the procedure. Based on the literature review of 10 research journals, respondents' characteristics among postpartum mothers can be classified based on age, educational level, and occupation. All these factors significantly impact a mother's knowledge regarding the care of the umbilical cord in newborns, highlighting the importance of health education in enhancing maternal knowledge.

PEMBERIAN GEL (ALOEVERA) TERHADAP STRETCH MARK PADA IBU POST PARTUM

According to the International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, pregnancy is defined as fertilization or the union of sperm and ovum at subsequent nidation or implantation. During pregnancy, a pregnant woman's body experiences physiological changes due to the secretion of the hormones somatomamotropin, estrogen, and progesterone by the placenta. This affects the physiological changes in the entire female reproductive system which can support the development and growth of the fetus in the womb. Especially in dark areas, due to the influence of melanophore-stimulating hormones. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of giving aloe vera gel to post partum mothers. This research method is a type of descriptive research with a case study approach. The sample was 1 post partum mother who was given gel (Aloevera) for stretch marks. By using a measurement observation sheet with OSAS (Observer Scar Assessment Scale). The results of giving Gel (Aloevera) to post partum mothers showed an effect on stretch marks, before giving it a score of 0 (real), after 1 week of treatment there was fading of the stretch marks score 1 (faint), so it can be concluded that giving Gel (Aloevera) effective against stretch marks in post partum mothers

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SUSU KEDELAI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POSTPARTUM

Maternal deaths occur after childbirth in around 60% of cases, and postpartum obstetric care with monitoring eliminates 50% of these deaths. The puerperium is a critical time for mothers. Breast milk is essential for preserving an infant's health and survival. Breastfeeding should begin as soon as possible, ideally in the first 30 to 60 minutes following delivery.The goal of the baby's suction on the mother's nipple is not to extract a large amount of milk. Soy milk or soy beans are commonly available and reasonably priced, and they can facilitate a smoother nursing experience. This study aimed to ascertain whether providing soy milk to postpartum moms could enhance their supply of breast milk. In this work, a case study methodology was combined with descriptive research techniques. Mrs. "D," who is receiving care at Hj. Bunda Halimah Hospital in Batam City, has an enhanced milk production that is measured by using observation sheet with LATCH scores. The results of the study after being given soy milk 2 times in 3 consecutive days with a LATCH score of 9 (good). The conclusion of midwifery care in postpartum mothers by giving soy milk times in 3 consecutive days has an effect on increasing Mrs. D's milk production

PIJAT LAKTASI UNTUK MELANCARKAN ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM

The care provided by midwives throughout the life cycle, including pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and family planning, is known as comprehensive midwifery. Midwives provide this care to their patients to carry out their duties as midwives. Lactation massage targets several areas, including the breasts, back, shoulders, and neck. The basic idea behind lactation massage is to induce a state of relaxation in the mother, which in turn increases breast milk production by the hormone oxytocin. Since most women do not produce enough breast milk after giving birth, lactation massage aims to stimulate breast milk production. This is due to the fact that a woman's energy levels will be very different after giving birth compared to when she was pregnant, when her milk supply was more stable and the breastfeeding mother felt calmer. This research uses case study methodology, which is a type of descriptive research. By utilizing trackers. There will be a decrease in calcium levels in breast milk when a postpartum mother uses lactation massage to stimulate breast milk production for thirty minutes, twice a day. After giving new mothers a 30-minute lactation massage, researchers found that their breast milk production increased. In short: Women who have recently given birth can benefit from lactation massage by increasing the amount of breast milk they produce.

Subcutaneous Semaglutide during Breastfeeding: Infant Safety Regarding Drug Transfer into Human Milk.

Postpartum mothers and their healthcare providers often face the challenge of limited data regarding the safety of drug therapies during lactation. Pregnancy can lead to sustained weight gain, and obesity can negatively impact both physical and psychological well-being. The introduction of GLP-1 agonists to augment weight loss has become a topic of interest for many postpartum mothers. Our study aims to investigate the transmission of semaglutide into human milk in the first steps to ensure the safety and health of both lactating mothers and their breastfed infants. Semaglutide quantification was performed using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. InfantRisk Center Human Milk biorepository released milk samples from eight women collected at 0, 12 and 24 h post-semaglutide administration. Semaglutide was extracted using protein precipitation in methanol, followed by chromatographic separation. Linear calibration curves for the method ranged between 2.5-30 ng/mL, with a limit of detection of 1.7 ng/mL and a limit of quantification of 5.7 ng/mL (LLOQ). Semaglutide was not detected in any of the collected human milk samples. A worst-case scenario of the relative infant dose (RID) was calculated using the LLOQ as the drug concentration in milk when considering semaglutide's bioavailability and long-acting dose profile. The maximum RID projected was 1.26%, far below the standard 10% safety threshold. While questions about long-term infant outcomes, the safety of maternal nutrient intake, and the nutrient content of breast milk remain, our findings suggest that semaglutide concentrations in human milk are unlikely to pose clinical concerns for breastfed infants. These results support healthcare providers in making informed decisions regarding postpartum therapeutic interventions.

Edukasi Ibu Hamil dan Ibu Post Partum Tentang Bahaya Depresi Post Partum di Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi

The postpartum period is a recovery period, postpartum care is needed so that mothers can make psychological adaptations in the postpartum period, Postpartum depression is depression that occurs in women after giving birth, which occurs within a period of 4 (four) weeks, several months or even several years if not treated, the purpose of this community service is to provide education to pregnant women and postpartum mothers regarding the prevention of the dangers of postpartum depression, this activity is to increase mothers' understanding of the dangers of postpartum depression. This community service activity was attended by pregnant women and postpartum mothers at the Kassi-Kassi Health Center which was attended by 18 people. This activity method was carried out twice by providing a pre-test, lecture and continued post-test by filling out a questionnaire. In the evaluation, interviews were conducted with pregnant women and postpartum mothers to determine the dangers of postpartum depression. The results achieved in community service activities at the Kassi-Kassi Health Center were that postpartum mothers gained knowledge about the dangers of postpartum depression and there was an increase in knowledge about the dangers of postpartum depression. The pre-test results were 58.82%, there was an increase in the post-test which showed post-test knowledge of 82.35%. The conclusion is that education for pregnant and post-partum mothers can prevent post-partum depression.

The Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitude of Postpartum Mothers Towards the Incidence of Primary Postpartum Haemorrhage (Hpp) at Bojonegoro Dander Health Centre

The Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitude of Postpartum Mothers Towards the Incidence of Primary Postpartum Haemorrhage (Hpp) at Bojonegoro Dander Health Centre

Postpartum Yoga on Fitness Postpartum Mother

Postpartum mothers experience physical and psychological changes, this greatly affects breast milk production and postpartum mother's fitness. Analyzing the effect of using the Postpartum Yoga movement on fitness in postpartum mothers and producing a proper Postpartum Yoga movement and its effective application so as to improve the welfare. quasi-experimental (Quasi Experiment Research) with Pre and Post Test approach with Control Group Design. This study involved a control group and a treatment group, 30 experimental and control groups of 30 respondents. The intervention given to the experimental group was postpartum yoga intervention 2 times for 2 weeks, while in the control group the standard of care for postpartum mothers was postpartum mothers who gave birth normally. The data were tested using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney test. Postpartum yoga was effective in improving fitness (p-value 0.02) compared to the control group. Postpartum Yoga as an educational medium for holistic-based midwifery care during pregnancy and the puerperium, and its application is effective in improving fitness in postpartum mothers. It is recommended for postpartum mothers to use the Postpartum Yoga movement as an intervention to increase breast milk production and fitness in postpartum mothers.