Postmodern Science Research Articles

The New Paradigm in The Light of Ancient Hermetic Teachings

The information explosion we are witnessing nowadays not only entails a convergence of scientific discipline borderlines, but also means that teachings from long gone eras are becoming ever more clear. This study shows that the teachings of Hermes Trismegistus are only rendered truly comprehensible through the findings of postmodern science. A closer look at the Hermetic axioms reveals that they communicate significant scientific knowledge, although their terminology is reflective of the era in which they were created. These ancient concepts show essential differences from what classical physics teaches, much rather correlating with the results of quantum physics.

The maladies of enlightenment science

ESEP Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics Contact the journal RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections ESEP 17:51-62 (2017) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esep00177 The ethics and practice of openness in life sciences data The maladies of enlightenment science Tim Wyatt* Barrio A Tomada, Borreiros, Gondomar, 36378 Pontevedra, Spain *Corresponding author: timwyatt1937@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Some of the amalgam of activities which comprise traditional science (‘real’ science) has fragmented into new modes under pressure from internal and external factors. The adoption of the internet and the World Wide Web (which have created cyberscience and are internal factors) can be equated with the introduction of the microscope and other instruments and procedures, though they have revolutionized the whole of science rather than some of its branches. External factors discussed here include post-modernism, neoliberalism, and McDonaldization. In post-modern science, the traditional model has become burdened by social and political interests, and concerns for practical problems in which scientific expertise can assist decision making; however scientific knowledge in itself is not a priority. Neoliberal guile has parasitized science as it has so much else in search of profit, and has seriously damaged its host. There are also degraded or pathological activities, ‘McScience’, in which the pursuit of knowledge has been corrupted by an excess of bureaucratic control and over-emphasis on personal rankings. The ethos which guides traditional science has been warped by these various outside interests, secrecy is rewarded, and practices once considered dishonest are prospering. KEY WORDS: Enlightenment · Traditional science · Postmodernism · McDonaldization · Neoliberalism · Cyberscience Full text in pdf format PreviousCite this article as: Wyatt T (2017) The maladies of enlightenment science. Ethics Sci Environ Polit 17:51-62. https://doi.org/10.3354/esep00177 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in ESEP Vol. 17. Online publication date: October 23, 2017 Print ISSN: 1863-5415; Online ISSN: 1611-8014 Copyright © 2017 Inter-Research.

A EPISTEMOLOGIA DO PENSAMENTO SISTÊMICO E AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE HUMBERTO MATURANA

ResumoA epistemologia do Pensamento Sistêmico (PS) passou por importantes transformações ao longo do século XX e, progressivamente, ganha espaço nas investigações científicas e intervenções em diferentes contextos. Compreender seus princípios epistemológicos tem sido um desafio em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação de diferentes áreas, sendo condição sine qua non na produção de pesquisas e intervenções sistêmicas. Desse modo, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento histórico e epistemológico do PS no século XX e as contribuições de Humberto Maturana para o avanço da ciência pós-moderna. Apresenta-se a mudança paradigmática da ciência tradicional para a ciência pós-moderna, bem como os pressupostos básicos que as caracterizam. Propõe-se o uso de uma espiral histórica e epistemológica, além do conceito de recursividade, para facilitar a compreensão das interconexões entre pesquisadores e teorias que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento do PS no século XX. São apresentados os principais conceitos de teorias sistêmicas com reconhecimento e visibilidade na comunidade científica, quais sejam, a Teoria Geral dos Sistemas, a Cibernética, a Teoria da Comunicação. Conclui-se que a epistemologia do PS tem possibilitado avanços significativos para a ciência, ao considerar de forma integrada os pressupostos epistemológicos da complexidade, da instabilidade e da intersubjetividade na análise dos fenômenos, em pesquisas e intervenções em diferentes contextos.Palavras-chave: Pensamento pós-moderno, Epistemologia; Intersubjetividade.

Fritjof Capra y la teoría social

This article presents an overview on the contributions of Capra to postmodern science. Different epistemological conceptions are analyzed from the point of view of this eminent philosopher, scientist and epistemologist modern. Special attention has the positivism of Augusto Comte and Emilio Durkheim, the structuralism of Saussure and Levi-Strauss and dialectic and historical materialism.

Postmodernizm jako czynnik zmian we współczesnym językoznawstwie w aspekcie epistemicznym, społecznym i etycznym (przy uwzględnieniu innych nauk humanistycznych)

Postmodernism as a change factor in modern linguistics, in the epistemic, social and ethical aspect (taking into account the humanities). Part 2
 The author considers the impact of postmodernism on contemporary humanities, and in particular on theoretical linguistics. The main thesis of the paper can be formulated as follows: postmodernism contributes to the increase of such tendencies in linguistics as: blurring of the subject of research, disregard for the ‘directives of language’, i.e. disuse of the conventional scientific language, violations of the requirement of verifiability of statements, and breaking of the rules of communication. The author examines elements of postmodern science using the example of several branches of modern linguistics: cultural linguistics (linguoculturology), ethnolinguistics, anthropological linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and discourse linguistics.

Postmodernizm jako czynnik zmian we współczesnym językoznawstwie w aspekcie epistemicznym, społecznym i etycznym (przy uwzględnieniu innych nauk humanistycznych)

Postmodernism as a change factor in modern linguistics, in the epistemic, social and ethical aspect (taking into account the humanities). Part 1
 The author considers the impact of postmodernism on contemporary humanities, and in particular on theoretical linguistics. The main thesis of the paper can be formulated as follows: postmodernism contributes to the increase of such tendencies in linguistics as: blurring of the subject of research, disregard for the ‘directives of language’, i.e. disuse of the conventional scientific language, violations of the requirement of verifiability of statements, and breaking of the rules of communication. The author examines elements of postmodern science using the example of several branches of modern linguistics: cultural linguistics (linguoculturology), ethnolinguistics, anthropological linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and discourse linguistics.

ON THE CONCEPTION OF THE CREATIVE IN NATURAL SCIENCE AND PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTIONS THEREOF

The article discusses creativity as an ontological principle as it is presented in scientific-philosophical attitudes of a Nobel Prize winner for chemistry Ilya Prigogine and Werner Heisenberg’s pupil and a former director of the Max Planck Institute for Physics Hans-Peter Dürr. These attitudes are assessed in the light of Heideggerian notions of Being, subiectum, ousia and time and thus they themselves shed light on the potentiality of Heideggerian mode of thinking on the conception of the creative in the postmodern society and science. Bergsonian notion of creativity is also invoked. It is presented as a philosophical basis of the postmodern techno-scientific creativity and is discussed in terms of Heideggerian ecstatic temporality. The juxtaposition of the notions presented by Henri Bergson and Martin Heidegger provides the clue to compare and assess the science-based attitudes of Prigogine and Dürr.

CIÊNCIA(S) NO CONTEXTO “PÓS”: ASPECTOS TRANSICIONAIS NA PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO

<p>O artigo apresenta um estudo sobre os aspectos transicionais entre a Ciência<br />Acadêmica e Pós-Acadêmica, a Ciência Normal e Pós-Normal, a Ciência Moderna<br />e Pós-Moderna, e a Ciência Modo 1 e Modo 2. Das perspectivas que intencionam<br />descrever as mudanças produzidas a partir da segunda metade do século XX, nas pesquisas<br />científicas e tecnológicas, foram identificadas as noções de ciência que situam<br />como elemento central desses processos uma complexa configuração das relações<br />entre universidade, indústrias, governo e sociedade e nos modos de se fazer ciência<br />em contextos nomeados “novos” e de prefixo “pós”. A Ciência, do mesmo modo que<br />a sociedade, pela sua dinâmica e movimento contínuo, apresenta-se em transição, e,<br />portanto, há mudanças na produção do conhecimento científico.<br />Palavras-chave: Ciência. Produção do conhecimento. Transição.</p>

Startling Starts: Smart Contact Lenses and Technogenesis

Startling Starts: Smart Contact Lenses and Technogenesis

Optimizing Starch Nutrition for Postmodern Ruminants: Science against Pseudoscience

This article calls for a global must on moderating starch nutrition to help optimize rumen fermentation, splanchnic metabolism, peripheral nutrient efficiency, animal health and economics, and environmental sustainability. The mistaken trend in increasing starch inclusion from cereals in modern ruminant diets must be ceased. The sustainability of the postmodern ruminant science and industry lies on moderated optimized starch utilization.

Otherness, social welfare and social work – a Nordic perspective

In this article, we discuss how the other and otherness have been understood in the modern and postmodern social science literature and thinking. We are asking, what kind of relevance can discussions on the other and otherness hold for social work. Our particular interest is to discuss the issue in the context of the Nordic welfare system and through Nordic scholars. A meta-level reflection of classical concepts may be useful to scrutinize the thematic of the other and otherness in the field of social work. We are drawing on examples of our own empirical studies to illustrate the complexity of phenomena which we are dealing with. The literature concerning other and otherness give ingredients for a dichotomy map which describes the multidimensional character of otherness. The levels of macro, mezzo and micro filter through each other, and the dynamics of the multilayered and intertwined relations should be caught in applicable understanding for social work. Our aim in this article is to make a proposal for further development of the concepts other and otherness in the use of social work.

Contemporary Status of Law Science: Postmodernism, Uncertainty about its Scientific Character and Change in the Approach to Science Itself

Abstract The article deals with the contemporary status of law science in Lithuania and world-wide. This status cannot be conceived without the analysis of the effect of postmodernism (new science or the science of complex dynamic systems). Postmodern legal thought hardly finds its place in Lithuanian law science, though in the world postmodern ideas and new (postmodern) science of complex dynamic systems affect the science of law. Law science has still much difficulty in “separating” from modernism, which conditions the deterministic, static and narrow attitude towards science. We believe that the time is ripe for a change in the approach towards science, focus more attention to indeterminism, humanization of science, social context and spontaneous development of thought. The aim of the article was to establish the contemporary status of law science by revealing the key points of the emergence of postmodern period, its development and influence, the problem of uncertainty of the scientific nature of law science as well as the importance of the changing approach to science itself, and to answer the question whether there is a postmodern legal thought in Lithuania and what is the direction of the development of law science. Methods scientific analytical, systemic, logical. In addition, the empirical method was used to study the quantity of the documents. The main finding. It is high time to change the approach to science itself. Contemporary (new) science encourages us to combine science, common sense and social context in order to understand the reality more clearly, though not absolutely clearly. Scientists of law need to understand the importance of connecting science and life, and most importantly, to use not a single one, but a number of methodologies (and their integration) in science. Only by changing our approach to science in general we will be able to perceive law as a complex dynamic system.

Um olhar sobre a origem da ciência da informação: indícios embrionários para sua caracterização identitária

Discusses social foundations, scientific and everyday that have given rise to the advent of Information Science, in order to conceive their identity characteristics. Problematológica The condition of this work can be synthesized from the following question: What are the direct factors and / or indirect that have given rise to the emergence of information science? What are the influences of these factors for the construction and characterization of the identity of Information Science? It aims to discuss the various social phenomena, academic and scientific directly and / or indirectly promoted the rise of information science. Methodologically, the article presents an exploratory research in the context of historical research through a literature review. It concludes that several factors helped the origin and foundation of Information Science showing its characteristic of postmodern science, it is possible to observe various features of identity from the elements that gave rise to flow of information science, such as historical identity (relationship of Library and Information Science), identity design (Documentation of Otlet and La Fontaine); shared identity (U.S. contribution to the European continent and the creation of the Information Science) and institutional identity (creation of associations in Information Science).

Um olhar sobre a origem da ciência da informação: indícios embrionários para sua caracterização identitária

Discute sobre fundamentos sociais, científicos e cotidianos que deram vazão para o advento da Ciência da Informação, visando conceber suas características identitárias. A condição problematológica do presente trabalho pode ser sintetizada a partir da seguinte pergunta: Quais os fatores diretos e/ou indiretos que deram vazão para o surgimento da Ciência da Informação? Quais as influências desses fatores para a construção e caracterização da identidade da Ciência da Informação? Tem como objetivo discutir sobre os diversos fenômenos sociais, acadêmicos e científicos que direta e/ou indiretamente promoveram origem a Ciência da Informação. Metodologicamente, o artigo apresenta uma pesquisa exploratória no contexto da investigação histórica por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica. Conclui que diversos fatores auxiliaram na origem e construção da Ciência da Informação mostrando a sua característica de ciência pós-moderna, sendo possível observar diversas características identitárias a partir dos elementos que deram vazão a origem da Ciência da Informação, tais como: identidade histórica (relação entre Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação); identidade de projeto (a Documentação de Otlet e La Fontaine); identidade partilhada (contribuição dos EUA e do continente europeu para criação da Ciência da Informação) e identidade institucional (criação de associações em Ciência da Informação).

PRIEIGA PRIE DOKUMENTŲ VALSTYBĖS ARCHYVUOSE: TEORINIAI ASPEKTAI

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes.In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term “accessibility” has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids. Theo Thomassen’s post-preservation or post-modern archivistics, Angelica Menne-Haritz’s access paradigm, Ivano Szekely’s four paradigms of the archives history provide a basis for the access phenomenon in archivistics. Since the object of the archival science has shifted towards archival information, its goal becomes a quality access to information. Access is the mechanism enabling to reach information. Access to documents means the possibility, assured by legislation, of access to information contained within the records, and the existence of appropriate finding aids.At present, following Ivan Szekely’s viewpoint, Lithuania’s state archives could be ascribed to the Public Paradigm, because the Internet access to the documents at state archives is not widespread and not well developed. Therefore, we could state that we are moving to the period of the Global Paradigm.Access to documents may be examined in physical, intellectual, and social aspects.

Fear of Scandalous Knowledge: Arguing About Coherence in Scientific Theory and Practice

A decade after the “Sokal Hoax,” Alan Sokal and Paul Boghossian still claim that postmodern arguments are incoherent attacks on reason and truth. However, both also continue to mischaracterize “constructivist” epistemology, to engage in highly problematic logical gymnastics to defend their own views, and to ignore changes in philosophy of science and science studies since 1996. I offer a brief description of my own, rather different understanding of postmodern science criticism in order to contextualize my dissatisfaction with Sokal and Boghossian's arguments, and to highlight the value of cross-subfield anthropological collaboration based on the constructivist perspective articulated by Barbara Herrnstein Smith.

Transition to postmodern science—related scientometric data

A change in scientific developments in recent decades is widely proclaimed which may be associated with terms like postmodern science or steady state science. This change is usually discussed from a more epistemological viewpoint. In order to enhance the understanding of the underlying key factors, bibliometric, demographic and Nobel Prize recipient data spanning of the last hundred years are considered and analyzed. It is found that in general the considered data point to a quasi-steady state in bibliometric developments of highly developed countries. For emerging countries, such a steady state is not yet attained; therefore, the research output in scientific journal articles is still expected to rise considerably. Consequences and interpretations of an ever growing research output in relation to the increasing age of Nobel Prize recipients are discussed and conclusions are drawn from the considered data.

Social psychology: In Search of a Paradigm Lost?

The dfferents points of views about the scientific status of Social Psychology are confronted and the implications of the “crisis” of the discipline are analyzed. Some considerations are formulated in order to reorient Social Psychology in a direction close to the “new Epistemology” and to the development of “post-modern sciences”. The analysis of “action”, the “complexity paradigm” and “self-organizing processes” are the key concepts ofthis new orientation.

Shapes of the Past and the Future: Darwin and the Narratology of Time Travel

'Scientific people/ proceeded Time Traveller, after pause required for proper assimilation of this, 'know very well that Time is only a kind of Space' (The Time Machine 268). What is at stake in treating time a kind of space, politically, philosophi cally, and narratologically? While time travel has often been dismissed as merely a popular science-fictional gimmick, it seems far more productive to regard it as an in scription of a specific ideology of temporality. The roots of this ideology are in evolutionary debate of fin-de-siecle but its contemporary offshoots have become part of postmodernity's problematic relationship with time and history. The post modern trouble with time finds its expression in turn in narrativity, which includes topos of time travel (Smethurst 37). In this essay, I will trace development of time travel, from H. G. Wells's The Time Machine to postmodern science fiction as a brief history of a-historicity. As opposed to most narrative conventions, time travel originates in a single text, H. G. Wells's The Time Machine (1895).1 In his first novel, Wells invents not just a new plot but a new chronotope. Chronotope, as Mikhail Bakhtin defines it, is spa tial-temporal configuration of narrative text, the intrinsic connectedness of tem poral and spatial relationships that are artistically expressed in literature (15). The

Marketing knowledge myopia

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether or not marketing academics practise what they preach. Are they marketing‐oriented in their main business of knowledge creation and dissemination?Design/methodology/approachThe epistemological marketing literature and performance at producing true marketing knowledge are critically reviewed. Practitioner marketing knowledge is investigated through the literature, personal contacts and a simple direct research study.FindingsThe paper finds that only one kind of knowledge, so‐called “marketing science”, is now regarded as valid. Unfortunately, this kind of knowledge can only be built through extensive and independent testing. After 50 years of following this approach, the output is very small, very expensive and largely of no interest to practitioners because marketing knowledge means something quite different to them. Marketing academics have become myopic as to what marketing knowledge is, and they have become production‐oriented, with the objective of producing as much of it as possible.Practical implicationsThere is a need to stop trying to tell practitioners what to do and to shift one's research emphasis to conceptual humanism, postmodern science, direct and action research, tools for practitioners, marketing facts, and educating the whole student.Originality/valueThe paper has made an attempt to change the course of marketing academic literature.