Postmodern Research Articles

Ethics and Aesthetics in Food Tourism in Belém/PA (Brazil)

Objective: The aim of the study is to reflect on the local gastronomy of the city of Belém, in the Brazilian state of Pará, from its postmodern condition. Theoretical Framework: Belém, capital of the state of Pará, has been, since 2015, the Creative City of Gastronomy. This title granted by UNESCO is due to traditional and local food, which has strong indigenous roots and, at the same time, African and Portuguese influence. Furthermore, the postmodern condition puts emphasis on aesthetics, considering that today everything is reduced to criteria of image, appearance and spectacle. Method: The methodology adopted in the investigation has a qualitative and documentary character, as we seek to deepen knowledge about our scientific object. We also look to debate both theory and empirical data obtained mainly on Tripadvisor. Here we seek to analyze the gastronomic offer of the 50 best restaurants in the city of Belém. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that tourists seek authentic and typical experiences, but also innovative ones. In terms of discussion, it is assumed that the presentation of the meals to the customer has aesthetic importance. This study needs to be complemented with other research about the preparation of meals by Chefs and cooks. Research Implications: The research contributes to understand food heritage, offering a basis for thinking about the field of food tourism. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature on food tourism. Its relevance and value are evident in understanding and thinking about the importance of food tourism.

Parallel Horizons: A Comparative Voyage through Modernist and Postmodernist Waves in Australian and Indian Writing

This paper undertakes a comparative exploration of modernist and postmodernist movements in Australian and Indian literature, examining their transformative influence on the global literary landscape of the 20th century. Modernists introduced subjective expressions and disruptive narrative techniques, exploring psychic fragmentation, while postmodernists playfully challenged conventional literary representations. In Australian modernism, Patrick White's "Voss" (1957) critiques imperialism through surreal characterization, and Christina Stead's "The Man Who Loved Children" (1940) employs expressionistic symbolism to highlight marital oppression. Indian modernists, including Tagore and Anand, fused indigenous and Western influences in socially-conscious works addressing colonialism. Transitioning to postmodernism, Peter Carey's "Bliss" (1981) and Salman Rushdie's "Midnight's Children" (1981) utilize intertextual pastiche to interrogate post-Independence national identities. Modernists disrupt narrative continuity to unveil alienation, while postmodernists expose storytelling's artifice through self-referentiality. The paper argues that narrative shifts between movements reflect changing assumptions about identity and power relations during anti/post-colonial transitions. Australian postmodernists, like Carey, reframe national myths from marginalized perspectives. In Indian postmodernism, Rushdie's carnivalesque narration destabilizes post-Independence identity constructions. In conclusion, modern and postmodern literature document the reconstitution of identity amidst profound societal change. Cross-cultural analysis enriches understanding of how global aesthetic movements intersect with localized interpretations. This study contributes to the discourse on evolving identity in literature, underscoring the significance of narrative transformations across distinct cultural and historical contexts.

Implikasi Postmodernisme Dalam Masyarakat Kontemporer (Analisis Paradigma Pemikiran Tokoh Jean Francois Lyotard)

This article aims to investigate the implications of postmodernism in contemporary society by analyzing the paradigm of thought of the figure Jean-François Lyotard. Lyotard is known as one of the leading thinkers in postmodern thought, and this research aims to understand how his idea of skepticism towards grand narratives influences and permeates the structures of power, knowledge, and language in the context of contemporary society. This study uses a qualitative approach with a focus on the analysis of key texts by Jean-François Lyotard, especially "The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge." Analysis is performed to identify key concepts such as grand narratives, language games, and changes in knowledge structure. In addition, literature studies on the application of these concepts in the context of contemporary society are also involved to support research findings. The research findings suggest that Lyotard's postmodern views have significant implications in contemporary society. Skepticism of grand narratives creates space for narrative plurality, uncertainty of knowledge, and diverse language games. These implications affect power structures by challenging central authority and paving the way for a diversity of values and views. In addition, Lyotard's concepts also had an impact on changes in the way society understood and conveyed knowledge.

Ecclesiological Theology in the House Church Movement: Literary Study of Church Transformation in the Postmodern Era

This research examines ecclesiology in the context of the house church movement, which emerged as a response to the dynamics of postmodernism. Using the qualitative descriptive content analysis method, this research explores the theological and structural changes that occur in the house church model, as well as the challenges and potential it faces. Postmodernism, which rejects central authority and emphasizes pluralism and individuality, has created conditions favorable to the development of house churches, which are more participatory, decentralized, and community-based. However, this research also highlights the risks facing house churches, including theological fragmentation and a lack of control over orthodoxy. This research finds that despite these challenges, house churches are able to respond to the needs of postmodern society in a flexible and contextually relevant way. Digital technology plays an important role in expanding the reach of house churches, while maintaining community intimacy. Additionally, this research suggests that collaboration between house churches and institutional churches can strengthen overall ecclesiology by combining innovation and stability. The house church is predicted to have the potential to continue to develop in the future, serving as a relevant and significant ecclesiological model for an ever-changing global context.

The Phenomenon of Collective Memory in the Semantic Contexts of Post-Modernity

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of collective memory in the value contexts of post-modernity. During the 20th century, the culture of memory is revealed through the individual-collective polarity, and in the postmodern era attention is focused on the boundary between them, on the culture of memory in the dimension of the modern media, on the contexts of the global information war. While individual memory loses touch with the past in the dimension of simulated identity, collective memory is usually associated with tradition as a reservoir of memory of the past. Collective memory in the age of modern media is in certain danger of targeted negative external influence, falsification, and inflation. The deepest cultural fears of the 20th century are the deformation or loss of memory, as well as the fear of memory substitution. The main value is linking memory with authenticity in the reproduction of the basic narrative in the cultural practices of today, in which the individual intersects with the collective. That is why the article pays special attention to the border between individual and collective memory, the culture of recall in communicative projects, and the reflection of moral dilemmas in different models of historical memory, the confrontation of different memories.

Creative Imagination, Justice, and Nothingness: Reflections on the “Force” in the Works of Karatani Kōjin and Nakamura Yūjiro

Abstract This paper compares the ideas of Japanese philosophers Karatani Kōjin1 (1941–) and Nakamura Yūjirō (1925–2017) on the role of “force” in shaping imagination. This idea of “force” will be examined. Notably, Karatani criticized Nakamura for trying to combine the idea of the “place of nothingness” initially introduced by Nishida Kitarō with the distinctive logic of the Japanese language, which seemed to be insular nationalism. However, this paper argues that we can shed new light on their differences regarding imagination and the idea of “force.” “Force” is the repressed impersonal that returns to the social reality, requiring us to go beyond the existing code of order. Indeed, Nakamura and Karatani explore the possibility of reconstructing the power of imagination after the end of the “grand narrative” and in the postmodern age. This paper emphasizes the role of “nothingness” and different approaches to reformulating it into the field of “force,” finding a new horizon of justice along the way. In doing so, this paper will argue that while Nakamura developed his philosophy of creative imagination in the field of “force” as the surrounding environment, Karatani limited “force” to the plane of social exchange. This comparative view can be more interactive in the age of economic and climate risks if we focus more on the philosophical genealogy of “nothingness.”

‘The Happy Valley’: Temporalized Spatiality in Michael Radford’s White Mischief (1987)

ABSTRACT Contemporary times mark a fundamental shift in our sense and experience of the world. The postmodern condition — as remarked by Fredric Jameson (1991) and Jean-Francois Lyotard (1979), among others — calls for new conceptions of lived reality. Nevertheless, profound uneasiness with notions of space and time is not only a postmodernist obsession. Modernist cinema, on account of its aesthetic self-reflexivity, also grapples with ways of inscribing spatiality and temporality. The 1980s saw a resurgence of European heritage films, reminiscent of interwar years of empire (early 1920s–late 1930s), produced in Kenya. Out of Africa (dir. Sydney Pollack, 1985), White Mischief (dir. Michael Radford, 1987), and The Kitchen Toto (dir. Harry Hook, 1988) became global audience staples. Not only do these films perpetuate Western viewers’ ‘master-race’ instincts; they also reproduce ‘cult images’ of an ‘exotic’ African locale. This paper phenomenologically reflects on White Mischief’s nostalgic reconstruction of a colonial settler village, the Happy Valley, and its ultra-privileged white hedonists. It explores how materiality of physical space can aid re-inscription of time and vice versa. Turning the colonial gaze upon itself, in critical self-reflection, my analysis foregrounds profound ruptures, discontinuities and contradictions in the historical fact and experience of European colonialism in Africa.

Digital marketing communication strategy Diraloka in maintaining the national tradition

<p>This study discusses how Diraloka maintains national traditions in the postmodern era using marketing 4.0 strategies (online and offline). Technological developments make overlapping cultures accumulate and sometimes can get rid of each other, as well as various values that are often eroded by the speed of the times. This study aims to know and analyze Diraloka's digital marketing communication strategy<br />in maintaining the national tradition of the modern postal era to build brand awareness. This research uses symbolic interaction theory. The paradigm used is constructivism with a qualitative research approach. The method used is a case study. The subject of research is key informants and informants. Data collection<br />techniques use interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), observation, and documentation. The results of this study show that Diraloka's involvement in implementing digital marketing communication strategies by voicing national traditions is positively assessed by the audience or the surrounding community. From Diraloka's engagement rate on Instagram, it can be seen that this brand builds a good relationship with its audience. The story shared by Diraloka is packaged through symbols of art, literature, and literacy, and utilizes AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology for its design. Thus, moving together in maintaining,<br />developing, and voicing national traditions can have an emotional impact. Diraloka can form a civic virtue Marketing Communication Strategy 4.0, Diraloka, Symbolic Interaction, National Tradition,<br />Brand Awareness.called #AliansiPejalan and # KawanDira as a form that supports the common good of Indonesian citizens.</p>

Workers’ Fundamental Right to Disconnection During Their Rest Periods

Objective: The scope of this study is to analyze the need to predict, in the Brazilian legal system, the employee's right (and duty) to disconnect. Method: To this end, qualitative research will be used, regarding the methodological approach; and bibliographical research, regarding procedural forms. Results and Discussion: The social right to work has constitutional and international provisions. The right to rest involves issues linked to worker health and safety. In this context, the current postmodern era has introduced a series of technological tools into the work environment. However, after discussions to avoid worker exploitation and protect their right to life, leisure, rest and family, the results obtained revealed that limits must be established. Implications of the Research: Regarding the practical and theoretical implications of this research, the promotion of freedom and the guarantee of the worker's dignity stand out, in addition to representing another hypothesis of trying to balance the employee's persistent hyposufficiency in the employment relationship. Originality and value: Finally, the relevance and value of this research are highlighted in light of the reality of work in the digital age.

Revisiting the Rorty–Lyotard debate: The microchip and liberal cosmopolitanism

In the mid-1980s, Richard Rorty debated aspects of Jean-François Lyotard’s evolving theories of language and politics, embracing the latter’s critique of metanarratives as forms of metaphysics we should discard but rejecting Lyotard’s claims about the incommensurability of language games. Largely overlooked was the force of Lyotard’s critique of the transvaluation of knowledge in the emerging digital age, canvased in The Postmodern Condition. This article revisits the encounter between these thinkers to reconstruct the more central challenge that Lyotard’s theory posed to Rorty’s pragmatic politics and to liberal cosmopolitanism more broadly. Lyotard’s work was prescient in detailing an emerging technological order in which ideals of tolerance and solidarity in the form of Rortian translation and redescription come into conflict with imperatives of performativity, profit-seeking, and power – fostering dominance rather than universal progress. The article concludes by drawing implications of the encounter for current scholarship on Rorty and political theory.

The post-non-classical university’s identity: an axiological aspect

Introduction. The relevance of the university’s role reconsideration is a consequence of the classical university foundations “ruinization” in the contemporary functioning conditions, characterized as highly dynamic, fluid and complex. The identity of the post-non-classical university is not perceived as something integral or self-evident, it is represented the essence of multifaceted identity, lying in the opposition of the idea of university modeling to the destructive postmodern conditions in which the contemporary university transforms. The aim of the study is to conceptualize the post-non-classical university’s image in its axiological foundations Research methods. To reach the aim of the study, the authors applied a methodology comprising philosophically and culturologically determined methods of qualitative analysis to explore issues in the relevant knowledge domains and the direct praxeological aspect of visible manifestations of the modern university’s identity. In their argumentation, the authors rely on philosophical and cultural comparative analysis, use the techniques of systemic functional and axiological approaches, the method of conceptualizing the university’s image. Research results. The article considers the transition from the classical to the non-classical and post-non-classical model of the university. The reflexive (convergent) consciousness is regarded as an essential condition the identity of contemporary university constructing crisis overcoming, and the glocalization argued as the strategy of the university as a sociocultural institute. The post-non-classical university multifaceted identity integrates cultural, behavioral and representational aspects, remaining in its globalized structure the regional particularities. The graduate, possessing the possibility of self-image constructing to achieve integrity and additivity, becomes the axiological foundation of the post-non-classical identity. Conclusion. The study has shown that the contemporary university independently determines the reflexive modernization of the axiological foundations of self-identity. It does not react to external circumstances and challenges, but rather absorbs external conditions and circumstances, and actively transforms and pragmatically uses them for its own advancement. The post-non-classical identity of the university, on the one hand, is a product of postmodernity. On the other hand, its contemporary reflexive modeling overcomes the deconstructing and ruining foundations of postmodernity, and can be considered as a foresight technology

Imagining the negentropic university: The madness of computation, the possibility of the uncomputable, and thinking otherwise

In this piece I outline the history of the university in terms of a shift from a place concerned with the contemplation of the unknowable and the infinite to a machine focused on instrumental rationality, calculation, and computation. Reading this history through Lyotard’s work on the post-modern condition and the emergence of the knowledge economy, I consider the rise of the computational university and artificial intelligence in terms of the abolition of the foundational principle of the ancient university model concerned with the exploration of the unknown. In this regard, I examine the purpose of the university and higher education more widely in a technological system where calculation means that every question can be answered in advance. In this situation the closed feedback loop, computation, and certainty replace contemplation, the unknowable, and uncertainty as the key principles of the institution. Following this exploration of the history of the university, I turn to Bernard Stiegler’s consideration of the negative impacts of this techno-scientific model on thought and the ways in which these undermine the human potential to imagine the future. Thus, exploring the state of contemporary humanity in an environment where outcomes are always-already decided in advance, I think through the relationship between technology, cybernetics, and pathologies of communication that undermine the potential of the university to serve as a place for making sense together with a view to imagining alternative futures. In conclusion, I consider this situation in the contemporary social and political context where possibility seems to have given way to apocalyptic visions and predictions of endings of various forms, and unpack Stiegler’s theory of the neganthropocene to imagine a very different kind of university premised upon the protection of uncertainty, the unknowable, and alternative futures.

The Analysis of the Writer-Reader Relationship During the Postmodernism Period Based on Foucault's Panopticism Theory

In the postmodern era, the relationship between readers and authors has undergone significant changes. Specifically, the status of readers has risen relative to that of authors. To explore this issue, this paper will introduce Foucault's panopticism theory and analyze the changing power relationship between readers and authors based on this theory. In the analysis, this paper will explore the similar conditions between panopticism and the reader-writer relationship in the postmodernism era to follow a core logic of that those conditions based on the change of reader-writer relationship at that time, finally lead to some phenomena in terms of literature and its market, especially showing the authors' self-descipline. Besides, this paper will mention some literary works and the literary phenomenon of Meta-narrative from the postmodern era to help enrich the core logic. In conclusion, this paper will systematically analyze the factors leading to the changes in the reading and writing relationship during the postmodern period, how panopticism emerges within this relationship, the resultant self-discipline of authors, and the subsequent impacts of these dynamics.

Identity in the Postmodern Psychosocial Context: A Study of Nicola Yoon’s The Sun Is Also a Star

This textual analysis of Nicola Yoon’s novel, The Sun Is Also a Star theorises the contentious issue of the transcultural identity of teenage immigrants in the postmodern psychosocial context. The study contributes to the heated discussion on identity formation in biracial and diasporic young adult literature by using Erikson’s concepts of psychosocial relativity, identity formation and identity crisis, and Jean Baudrillard’s concepts on postmodern identity. This article contends that in an effort to maintain one ethnic identity by erasing her previous Jamaican identity in Trump’s era in the United States, the protagonist Natasha experiences anti-Black racism, discrimination, and biracial identity formation. Conversely, another character in the novel, Daniel relishes dynamic identities to fit in the USA. However, his biracial identity results in an identity crisis. Thus, Yoon’s novel validates a postmodern condition, where teenagers’ multiple identities are regulated on the basis of ethnicity and their struggle for independent identities remains futile. Hence, the study shows that the USAdoes not allow biracial people to experience or adapt to Americanness easily. Keywords: adolescence; cultural identity; identity crisis; psychosocialrelativity; postmodernism

Fear and Public Safety From the Baumanian Perspective

Objective: The aim is to analyze, in view of baumanian ideas, the fear and public insecurity that affect the Brazilian population in the post-modern era, particularly in recent decades, a phenomenon present in the fluid society, which propagates uncertainty and determines the way of thinking, acting and feelings of individuals. Theoretical Framework: Zygmunt Bauman developed research into the complex web that involves individuals' personal and social ties, in which he produced studies on fear and (in)security, as well as coining the generic expression liquid life, characterized by a precarious routine, with uncertainty, devoid of of a defined and stable model, resembling a liquid. Method: A theoretical, critical and dialectical methodological research, of a bibliographic nature, is carried out, based on a qualitative study, in which a deductive model is used, in light of the contributions of the polish professor. Results and Discussion: It is hoped to provoke a level of discussion that leads to understanding and solutions regarding certain conflicts that exist in the social fabric, such as fear and insecurity that affect citizens. Research Implications: El tema investigado está lleno de interés público, porque involucra y afecta al Estado y a todos los segmentos de la sociedad; por lo tanto, no se pueden ignorar sus causas, efectos y consecuencias. Originality/Value: The approach used in the research is authentic and original, because there is no specific production on fear and Brazilian net public security, categories that impact the lives of citizens, which justifies the study of matters that affect cultural, political and social development from the country.

Irkutsk regionalism as a trend of Soviet modernism

The article investigates the monuments of Irkutsk Soviet modernism and early postmodernism in order to reveal their identity and peculiarities, to determine the significance of these structures for the specific urban environment of the Eastern Siberian capital, as well as for the history of modern architecture as a research discipline. The research involved a review of bibliographic sources, a full-scale survey of objects belonging to the mentioned periods, and in-person interviews with the architects of the buildings under study and other Irkutsk citizens. Along with attracting interest to the urgent problems of cultural significance, objective assessment, and modern appearance of the heritage of the second half of the 20th century, the authors clarified the chronological framework of the main stages in the development of the modern city and provided a scientific definition of the Irkutsk regionalism term. As a result, it was established that the response to the challenges of the late Soviet years became a recognizable architectural segment, which, although rapturing the fabric of historical urban environment, reassembles it for functional aspiration for the future. The Irkutsk architecture, having an industrial beginning, has nevertheless remained authorial, and even uncompromising in the doctrines of Vladimir A. Pavlov and his followers, who supported his initiatives in the following era of postmodernism.

The evolution of the phenomenon of bureaucracy in the context of decentralization of power

The article provides an analysis of the concept of “bureaucracy” from the point of view of its evolution, in the context of processes of decentralization of power. The article represents a theoretical study and sociological understanding of this phenomenon, as well as the processes that determine its development in the post-modern era. The authors analyzed existing theories and approaches to the study of bureaucracy; shows the prerequisites and conditions influencing the change in the appearance of the bureaucracy; the influence of the processes of decentralization of power on the evolution of approaches to its study is analyzed. Identification of the main prerequisites, causes and trends in the evolution of ideas is a necessary methodological basis. This allows us to build theoretical and practical mechanisms for introducing decentralized power practices in modern societies. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude the following: the modern appearance of bureaucracy in theoretical ideas is characterized by the presence of publicity, various platforms for interaction between society and government. It is also necessary to present a mechanism for the co-participation of citizens and other structures of society (local communities, business communities, non-profit organizations) in public administration. Taken together, communication theory and information society theories have led to the current state of bureaucracy theory in the course of its evolution.

SOROTAN AWAL FALSAFAH ILMU ISLAM: PERMASALAHAN, PENSEJARAHAN, DEFINISI DAN SUMBER ILMU DALAM ISLAM

The post-modern age has discarded great narratives such as knowledge and truth which led to crisis of thought such as atheism, agnosticism and liberalism among Muslims. Among the causes surrounding crisis is the epistemological issues. Knowledge that is acquired through scientific methods only is considered valid which causes olther knowledge such as religious knowledge to be seen as ancient, old-fashioned, unscientific and incompatible with the development of the times. This study aims to analyze the philosophy of knowledge according to the Islamic perspective from the aspects of problems, historiography, definitions and sources of knowledge. The Islamic philosophy of knowledge that is centered upon the unity of revelation and reason can be an initial guide in facing the epistemic crisis within the post-modern era. This study uses the of content analysis methods towards books that bring together aspects of the philosophy of science. The study founds that the Islamic philosophy of knowledge to be integrated, comprehensive, and combines religio-philosophy based on the framework of the Quran. In addition, the philosophy of Islamic knowledge also covers a wide field of knowledge including matters related to divinity and religion.

Formation of national and cultural identity as a function of spectacularity and spectacularity culturee

“Spectacularity” in the modern information society is one of the crucial factors and tools for the formation of national and cultural identity, since its role in festive, ceremonial, visual, television, screen, Internet culture, and other similar types of postmodern culture, which have the most important ideological and educational resources for the formation of national and cultural self-awareness and self-identifi cation of citizens in society, is paramount. In modern times, namely in the era of postmodernism, the screen, as well as screen, television, Internet, and visual culture are a powerful ideological weapon, an infl uential educational tool, participating in the creative national and cultural policy of the state. The materials of the article can be used in the educational process in the Cultural Studies major.

Sacralization of Football: Example of Iglesia Maradonia

This study aims to explain the emergence of Iglesia Maradonia, Maradona’s role in this endeavor, and how they become sacred in this quest. In this study, which is based on qualitative paradigms, the method of choice is documentation. In this framework, firstly, the emergence of football and Maradona’s place in football’s history is examined. After that, the quest for Maradona’s sacralization and how he became a cult is observed, and symbols belonging to Iglesia Maradonia are ethnomethodologically analyzed and interpreted. Iglesia Maradonia, Establishe by Maradona fans, is a religious constitution that puts Maradona at its center. Maradona, who is thought to be one the saints of football due to his extraordinary football skills, showcases his charismatic personality not only within the field but also outside of it. When the aforementioned religious/sacred constitution’s character is observed, it could be considered a cult movement. However, when it is looked under the light of the objectivity principle of the social sciences, this religious constitution, being established more recently, seen in not only Argentina but different places in the world, and having Christianity-opposing beliefs and teachings, is more fit to be considered under the New Religious Movements. When the character of this religious constitution is observed, Maradona’s goal against England, called ‘the Hand of God,’ plays a prominent role in shaping the beliefs and practices. Another point brought to light in this study is that, in the post-modern era, individuals or groups can resume their relations with the sacred without the traditional religious constitutions.