Posterior Squamous Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

GDF-10 Induces an Inhibitory Effect on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Laryngeal Cancer via LPR4.

Growth differentiation factor-10 (GDF-10), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, plays a crucial role in cell proliferation and differentiation. In some tumors, GDF-10 can act as a tumor suppressor to inhibit tumor progression, but its role in posterior squamous cell carcinoma has not been reported yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GDF-10 on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and to provide new ideas for future targets in the treatment of laryngeal squamous carcinoma. The effect of GDF-10 on tumor growth was detected; bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the downstream targets of GDF-10, and RT-PCR and western blot were performed to detect the expression levels of target genes and proteins, respectively. Our findings support that GDF-10 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promote apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma AMC-HN-8 cells. GDF-10 inhibits the EMT of laryngeal carcinoma through LRP4 and thus inhibits the progression of laryngeal carcinoma.

Posterior Auricular Myiasis: Rare Presentation of a Malignant Lesion

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arises from the malignant proliferation of the keratinocytes of the epidermis that has invaded into the dermis or beyond. Posterior auricular SCC is categorized as high-risk SCC. Infestation of fly larvae or maggots in living tissue of humans and other vertebrate animals is known as myiasis. Rarity of the site of involvement with an underlying malignancy is the peculiarity of this case report. We present a case of elderly male with a posterior auricular mass with myiasis, which turns out to be SCC. Early detection and combined modality of aggressive treatment with surgery and radiation improves the overall patient survival rate.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior urethra: Outcomes following radical surgery and adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy.

425 Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the posterior urethra is rare and is associated with sexually transmitted infections, urethritis, chronic strictures or urethral surgery. Unlike anterior urethral SCC, the presentation of posterior urethral SCC is often late and there are currently no standardised treatment protocols. We present our series of posterior urethral SCC treated by radical surgery and bladder preservation by performing a pan-urethrectomy, radical prostatectomy with a bladder neck closure and chemoradiotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from patients diagnosed with posterior urethral SCC from a penile cancer database. Data including patient age, histological subtypes, surgical management, post-operative complications, chemo-radiotherapy and survival rates were recorded. Results: A total of 10 cases with histologically proven posterior urethral SCC were treated in a single centre. Median follow-up was 19 months (SD±10 months). Mean age at presentation was 49 years (SD±6.44) and usual type SCC (80%) was the most prevalent histological subtype followed by NOS and condylomatous SCC. The majority of cases were poorly differentiated SCC (70%), stage ≥ T3 and required radical surgery with total urethrectomy and radical prostatectomy. Complications included post-operative ileus (30%), wound infection (20%), sepsis (10%), perioperative transfusion was required in one patient. Lymphovascular invasion was present in 90% of cases and local recurrence occurred in 60% of patients. Only one patient was suitable for neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (cisplatin/5-FU) and a further 5 required adjuvant chemoradiotherapy following surgery. 60% of patients developed metastatic disease and 60% died with a median survival of 9.6 months (SD±5.3) from diagnosis to death. Conclusions: Posterior urethral SCC is rare and the late presentation means that neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is often not possible. Radical surgery requires a pan-urethrectomy and urinary diversion. Despite adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, posterior urethral SCC is associated with significant mortality with a median survivial of less than one year.

Predictors of survival in posterior cricoid squamous cell carcinoma: A study of 248 cases.

We aimed to describe the presentation, treatment patterns, and survival characteristics of posterior cricoid squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Retrospective database review. We reviewed the NCDB from 2004 to 2013. Primary, previously untreated cases of posterior cricoid SCC were studied. Cox regression analysis was performed to look for prognostic factors. Out of 14,416 hypopharyngeal malignancies, 269 (1.8%) posterior cricoid tumors were identified, of which 248 (92.2%) were SCC. Mean age at diagnosis was 65 years (range 20-90+). Most patients were Caucasian (74.7%) and male (77.1%). By presentation, 58% were classified as clinical stage tumor (cT) 3 or cT4 to cT4 disease and 57.4% were clinical node (cN) +. Radiation (RT) alone was the most common form of treatment (32.1%), followed by chemoradiation (CRT) (31.7%) and surgery plus RT (7.4%). Overall 5- and 10-year survival was 25% and 19%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors include overall clinical stage III to IV (hazard ratio [HR] 1.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-2.82], P = 0.011), clinical nodal disease (HR 1.54 [95% CI 1.10-2.15], P = 0.012), and Charlson/Deyo comorbidity score > 1 (HR 1.94 [95% CI 1.14-3.29], P = 0.014) on univariate analysis. Posterior cricoid SCCs are rare hypopharyngeal malignancies with a poor prognosis. They typically present at late stage with nodal metastasis and are most commonly treated nonsurgically with primary RT or CRT. Increasing clinical stage, comorbidity, and nodal disease are associated with worse survival. 4. Laryngoscope, 127:1093-1096, 2017.

The impact of paratracheal lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and prognostic importance of paratracheal lymph nodes in squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx. A retrospective review of 64 previously untreated patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the hypopharynx that underwent surgery was performed. Ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastases occurred in 22% (14 out of 64) and the mean number of paratracheal lymph nodes dissected per side was 2.3 (range 1–6). Contralateral paratracheal lymph node metastases were present in 2% (1 out of 42). Sixty-seven percent with postcricoid SCC and 22% with pyriform sinus SCC developed clinical node-positive ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastases, whereas 11% with posterior pharyngeal wall SCC developed paratracheal metastases. There was a significant correlation between paratracheal lymph node metastasis and cervical metastasis (p = 0.005), and the primary tumor site (postcricoid, 57.1%; pyriform sinus, 20.0%; posterior pharyngeal wall, 8.3%) (p = 0.039). Patients with no evidence of paratracheal lymph node metastasis may have a survival benefit (5-year disease-specific survival rate, 60 vs. 29%). However, this result did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.071). The patients with SCC of the postcricoid and/or pyriform sinus were at risk for ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis; furthermore, patients with paratracheal node metastasis had a high frequency of cervical metastasis and a poorer prognosis. Therefore, routine ipsilateral paratracheal node dissection is recommended during the surgical treatment of patients with SCC of the postcricoid and/or pyriform sinus with clinical node metastases.