Posterior Center Of Pressure Research Articles

Gait initiation in multiple sclerosis patients with and without functional loss

BackgroundGait initiation (GI) is an important functional task related to balance and gait performance. In addition, it has predictive importance for falls and postural instability in patient with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is uncertain how GI is affected in patients in the early stage of MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≤3). In this study, it was aimed to investigate the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs), posterior center of pressure (COPap) displacement, and spatiotemporal variability during GI in patients with and without functional loss in the early stage of MS. MethodsForty-four participants (31 MS patients and 13 healthy subjects) involved in this prospective cross-sectional study were divided into three groups: Group-I: Patients without functional loss (EDSS 0 to 1.5) (n = 14), Group-II: Patients with functional loss (EDSS 2 to 3) (n = 17) and Group-III: Healthy subjects (n = 13). Electromyographic activity of the bilateral tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and COPap displacement were recorded during the postural phase of GI. Additionally, spatiotemporal parameters were recorded within the first three steps, and the coefficient of variation was calculated with 40 walks for variability. ResultsThere were significant differences in the Kruskal-Wallis tests of variables (p<0.05). Group-I demonstrated smaller APAs magnitudes in TA [stance (p = 0.01), swing (p = 0.01)], GM of swing limb (p<0.0001), and smaller COPap displacement (p<0.0001) compared to group-III. Group-II demonstrated smaller APAs magnitudes in all muscles (p<0.0001) compared to group-III and the smallest COPap displacement (p<0.0001). Group-I showed a significant increase in stride width variability compared to group-III (p = 0.01). Group-II showed a significant increase in several variabilities [first stride length (p<0.0001), second stride time (p<0.0001), first double support time (p<0.0001), stride width (p<0.0001)] compared to group-III. ConclusionPatients in the early stage of MS had impairment in both the postural and locomotor phases of GI with more obvious in the patients with functional loss. The results indicate that MS patients without functional loss have difficulty initiating gait. Although there is no functional loss, the patients have a risk of falls, postural instability, and gait impairment due to their inability to initiate gait effectively. As a result, rehabilitation is necessary even if there is no functional loss in patients with MS.

Quantitative Changes in Gait Parameters after Cycling among Multiple Sclerosis Patients withAtaxia:APilot Study

Introduction: Cerebellar ataxia is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in progressive forms, where gait and balance problems are the most debilitating symptoms. Exercise training is a critical component of rehabilitation in managing equilibrium dysfunction, and stationary bicycling is a safe, feasible, and effective method to reduce the symptom. Clinical walking performance tests are typically used to assess gait in these patients. However, gait analysis technologies are more sensitive and accurate at detecting subtle and subclinical changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in gait parameters in MS patients with ataxic gait after using a stationary bicycle.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: Ten secondary progressive MS patients with ataxic gait and a mean expanded disability status scale (EDSS) of four were recruited. The participants cycled on a stationary bike. Gait analysis was performed before and after 12 sessions of cycling. It included spatiotemporal and balance parameter measurements.&#x0D; Results: Gait analysis showed statistically significant changes in spatiotemporal parameters, including speed (P=0.02, r=-0.51), and stride length (P=0.01, r=-0.63). Of balance-related indices, the mediolateral (ML) center of pressure (COP) displacement, anterior and posterior COP overshoot, and COP velocity changes were statistically remarkable after the intervention respectively. (P=0.01, r=-0.63), (P=0.02, r=-0.51), (P=0.03, r=-0.49), (P=0.01, r=-0.54).&#x0D; Conclusion: Gait analysis is applicable to track changes following rehabilitation in individuals with MS. The results indicate that using a stationary bicycle can improve some spatiotemporal and COP-related parameters.

Anticipatory action planning for stepping onto competing potential targets.

The brain plans an anticipatory action for performing tasks successfully and effortlessly even if there are multiple possible options. There is increasing evidence that, when multiple actions are possible, the brain considers two factors when planning an anticipatory action—the probabilistic value and the action cost for each potential action. When the action involves maintaining upright balance, such as standing, stepping, or walking, the action cost for maintaining postural stability could be considered dominantly. We addressed this issue by using a “go-before-you-know” task to step onto a target on the floor. In this task, two potential targets were located on the medial or lateral side of the stepping foot, and the true target was cued only after participants shifted their loads to leave that foot. Participants initiated their stepping actions without knowing which of the potential targets would be the true one. The results showed that, for the majority of participants, lateral displacements of the center of pressure (COP) with two potential targets were similar to those when a single target exists on the individual’s medial side. Given that mediolateral postural stability became more destabilized with stepping onto the medial target than stepping onto the lateral target, they were likely to plan their mediolateral components of the postural adjustments for the worst-case scenario (i.e., falling). Additionally, posterior COP movements with two potential targets became smaller than those with a single target, suggesting an effort to create extra time to determine the true target and to adjust the swing foot. Based on these findings, we concluded that action costs for maintaining postural stability were considered dominantly for planning an anticipatory action to accomplish a stepping task successfully while ensuring upright balance.

Investigating the Effect of Real-Time Center of Pressure Feedback Training on the Swing Phase of Lower Limb Kinematics in Transfemoral Prostheses With SACH Foot.

Transfemoral amputee often encounters reduced toe clearance resulting in trip-related falls. Swing-phase joint angles have been shown to influence the toe clearance; therefore, training intervention that targets shaping the swing phase joint angles can potentially enhance toe clearance. The focus of this study was to investigate the effect of the shift in the location of the center of pressure (CoP) during heel strike on modulation of the swing-phase joint angles in able-bodied participants (n = 6) and transfemoral amputees (n = 3). We first developed a real-time CoP-based visual feedback system such that participants could shift the CoP during treadmill walking. Next, the kinematic data were collected during two different walking sessions-baseline (without feedback) and feedback (shifting the CoP anteriorly/posteriorly at heel strike to match the target CoP location). Primary swing-phase joint angle adaptations were observed with feedback such that during the midswing phase, posterior CoP shift feedback significantly increases (p < 0.05) the average hip and knee flexion angle by 11.55 deg and 11.86 deg, respectively, in amputees, whereas a significant increase (p < 0.05) in ankle dorsiflexion, hip and knee flexion angle by 3.60 deg, 3.22 deg, and 1.27 deg, respectively, compared to baseline was observed in able-bodied participants. Moreover, an opposite kinematic adaptation was seen during anterior CoP shift feedback. Overall, results confirm a direct correlation between the CoP shift and the modulation in the swing-phase lower limb joint angles.

Electromyographic responses to unexpected Achilles tendon vibration-induced perturbations during standing in young and older people.

This study aimed to investigate age-related differences in electromyographic (EMG) responses to unexpected Achilles tendon vibration (ATV) perturbations while standing blindfold. ATV with variable and random duration (12-15s) and rest periods (20-24s) was applied on 18 young and 16 older volunteers. The anterior/posterior center of pressure (CoP) and the soleus (SOL) and tibialis anterior (TA) EMG were analyzed for 1s before and 8s after the ATV onset and offset. ATV induced a posterior shift of CoP in both groups, with more pronounced shift in the older group. During ATV onset, the older group demonstrated less SOL and more TA EMG increase compared to the young group. During the first 0.5s of ATV offset, SOL EMG was decreased in both age groups, while TA showed a burst of EMG activity that was greater in the older group. No difference in the latencies of EMG peaks or valleys was observed between the groups. It is concluded that ATV induces greater posterior CoP shift in older adults, and they adopt a recovery strategy, characterized by a decreased SOL activation and an increased TA activation. These differences are possibly attributed to the increased fear of falling, decreased limits of stability and reduced capacity of older people to reweight their sensory inflow when proprioception is distorted.

The association of reactive balance control and spinal curvature under lumbar muscle fatigue.

BackgroundAlthough low back fatigue is an important intervening factor for physical functioning among sedentary people, little is known about its possible significance in relation to the spinal posture and compensatory postural responses to unpredictable stimuli. This study investigates the effect of lumbar muscle fatigue on spinal curvature and reactive balance control in response to externally induced perturbations.MethodsA group of 38 young sedentary individuals underwent a perturbation-based balance test by applying a 2 kg load release. Sagittal spinal curvature and pelvic tilt was measured in both a normal and Matthiass standing posture both with and without a hand-held 2 kg load, and before and after the Sørensen fatigue test.ResultsBoth the peak anterior and peak posterior center of pressure (CoP) displacements and the corresponding time to peak anterior and peak posterior CoP displacements significantly increased after the Sørensen fatigue test (all at p < 0.001). A lumbar muscle fatigue led to a decrease of the lumbar lordosis in the Matthiass posture while holding a 2 kg load in front of the body when compared to pre-fatigue conditions both without a load (p = 0.011, d = 0.35) and with a 2 kg load (p = 0.000, d = 0.51). Also the sacral inclination in the Matthiass posture with a 2 kg additional load significantly decreased under fatigue when compared to all postures in pre-fatigue conditions (p = 0.01, d = 0.48). Contrary to pre-fatigue conditions, variables of the perturbation-based balance test were closely associated with those of lumbar curvature while standing in the Matthiass posture with a 2 kg additional load after the Sørensen fatigue test (r values in range from −0.520 to −0.631, all at p < 0.05).ConclusionThese findings indicate that lumbar muscle fatigue causes changes in the lumbar spinal curvature and this is functionally relevant in explaining the impaired ability to maintain balance after externally induced perturbations. This emphasizes the importance for assessing both spinal posture and reactive balance control under fatigue in order to reveal their interrelations in young sedentary adults and predict any significant deterioration in later years.

Design and Validation of a Real-Time Visual Feedback System to Improve Minimum Toe Clearance (mTC) in Transfemoral Amputees.

Tripping is accompanied by reduced minimum toe clearance (mTC) during the swing phase of gait. The risk of fall due to tripping among transfemoral amputees is nearly 67% which is greater than the transtibial amputees. Therefore, intervention to improve mTC can potentially enhance the quality of life among transfemoral amputees. In this paper, we first develop a real-time visual feedback system with center of pressure (CoP) information. Next, we recruited six non-disabled and three transfemoral amputees to investigate the effect on mTC while participants were trained to shift the CoP anteriorly/posteriorly during heel strike. Finally, to assess the lasting effect of training on mTC, retention trials were conducted without feedback. During feedback, posterior shift in the CoP improved the mTC significantly from 4.68 ± 0.40 cm to 6.12 ± 0.68 cm (p < 0.025) in non-disabled participants. A similar significant improvement in mTC from 4.60 ± 0.55 cm to 5.62 ± 0.57 cm was observed in amputees during posterior shift of CoP. Besides mTC, maximal toe clearances, i.e., maxTC1 and maxTC2, also showed a significant increase (p < 0.025) during the posterior shift of CoP in both the participants. Moreover, during retention, mTC did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) from feedback condition in amputee, suggesting a positive effect of feedback training. The foot-to-ground angle (FGA) at mTC increased significantly (p < 0.025) during posterior shift feedback in non-disabled suggests active ankle dorsiflexion in increasing mTC. However, in amputees, FGA at mTC did not differ significantly during both anterior and posterior CoP shift feedback. The present findings suggest CoP feedback as a potential strategy during gait rehabilitation of transfemoral amputees.

Retropulsion: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology

Event Abstract Back to Event Retropulsion: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology Gilbert S. Jaudy1* 1 Jaudy Treatment Center, United States A 45-year-old male presented to our office, complaining of frequent and constant seizures since 2000, that happen when he assumes any sitting or standing position, and sometimes spontaneous. He also reported a history of falls, injuries, muscle spasms, balance problems, stomachaches, osteoarthritis, eye pain, blurred vision, vertigo, belching, gas, gallbladder removal, depression, light-headedness, headaches, dizziness, itching, back/neck/shoulder/arm/knee/ankle pain, allergies, painful joints, swollen joints, migraines, and extreme fatigue. He’s on different types of medications. He has seen about 15 physicians for his condition, and was told that he had to get used to it and manage it. On 03/15/2017 during consultation with Dr. Jaudy at Jaudy Treatment Center, the patient had a 10 minute spastic seizure which was described by her husband as “that’s what happens almost all day long”. Methods The patient had undergone a neurological examination in stages, information was obtained when the patient was still for moments. Standard neurological tests and diagnostics including VNG and posturography were obtained. She had general sensory and motor deficiency. Posterior center of pressure with left deviation. Severe spastic myoclonus on lower extremities. During seizure patient developed decerebrate posturing on the right side, and decorticate posturing on the left, in addition to bilateral positive Babinski and Hoffman signs. The patient had slow and irregular pursuits with loss of gaze. A slow systemic Functional Neurology approach was implemented using various sensory and motor, orthostatic postural positions and applications, organ remapping procedures, visual and auditory stimulation, cerebellar activation, complex therapeutic activities, home instructions and dietary changes. Results The patient responded favorably during the first week. First visit post testing revealed immediate improvement and resolution of pathological reflexes (Babinski’s and Hoffman’s). Post first treatment testing showed immediate improvement in motor and sensory function on the left side vs. the right, and reduction of frequency and duration of seizures. The patient was treated for 3 months. Today he lives symptom free, migraine free, and enjoys life with family and friends. References All references and clinical date are available at the Jaudy Treatment Center Keywords: Retropulsion, Seizures, Migraines, balance problems, Eye Pain, joint pain, Vertigo, Muscle spasms, Blurred vision, Gas, Itching, Osteoarthritis Conference: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience, Orlando, United States, 24 May - 26 May, 2019. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Clinical Neuroscience Citation: Jaudy GS (2019). Retropulsion: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology. Front. Neurol. Conference Abstract: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience. doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2019.62.00067 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 28 Mar 2019; Published Online: 27 Sep 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Gilbert S Jaudy, Jaudy Treatment Center, Palm Desert, California, 92211, United States, drjaudy@hotmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Gilbert S Jaudy Google Gilbert S Jaudy Google Scholar Gilbert S Jaudy PubMed Gilbert S Jaudy Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

The effects of breath alcohol concentration on postural control

ABSTRACTBackground: Two of the 3 standardized field sobriety tests that U.S. law enforcement uses at roadside checks have a postural equilibrium component to them. Those tests have been validated to detect impairment caused by blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) of 0.08 g/dL or above. Many medical and traffic safety associations support a lower limit, and one state, Utah, has passed a law to lower the limit to 0.05 g/dL. Many studies have examined the effects of alcohol on postural control (of which postural equilibrium is a component), with a consensus emerging that impairment is usually found at BACs greater than 0.06 g/dL. Most of these studies, however, had a relatively small number of subjects, usually between 10 and 30. The current study collected data from a much larger sample.Objective: The objective of this study was to provide additional evidence that posture control is negatively affected at BACs greater than 0.06 g/dL or breath alcohol concentrations (BrACs) of 0.06 g/210 L.Method: This was a between-subjects study, with BrAC group as the independent variable (5 levels: 0.00, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 g/210 L); 4 measures of postural control as the dependent variables; and age, height, and weight as the covariates. Posture control was measured with a force-sensing platform connected to a computer. The feet's center of pressure (CoP) on the platform was recorded and the corresponding movement of the body in the anterior–posterior and lateral planes was derived. Participants (N = 96) were randomly assigned to one of the BrAC groups. Positive BrAC groups were compared to the zero BrAC group. Data were examined with hierarchical multiple regression.Results: Adjusted for age, height, and weight, the main effect of lateral CoP with eyes open was not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant main effect of alcohol on anterior–posterior CoP excursion with eyes open and with eyes closed and lateral CoP excursion with eyes closed. For all 3 of those variables, only BrACs of 0.08 and 0.10 g/210 L produced differences against zero BrAC. Although the main effect of alcohol on Lateral CoP Excursion with eyes open was not statistically significant, the contrasts between 0 and 0.08 and 0 and 0.10 g/210L BrAC were in the hypothesized direction.Conclusion: The current study did not directly address the issue of whether the sobriety tests are sensitive to BrACs of 0.05 g/210 L or above; rather, it provides additional evidence that postural control, one of the components of those tests, is relatively unaffected by BrACs lower than 0.08 g/210 L. Additional research is needed on the diagnostic characteristics of the sobriety tests at BrACs lower than 0.08 g/210 L.

Acute Effects of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Postural Stability in Older Adults.

This study involved healthy community-living older adults in an investigation of the association between moderate alcohol consumption (AC) and acute changes in postural stability and whether the association differed according to pre-AC balance skills. Thirty-nine moderate drinkers aged ≥ 65 years (62% women; mean age: 73.9 ± 6.1 years) consumed a moderate dose of alcohol (0.4 g/kg; administered as two drinks). Breath alcohol concentration and postural stability were measured at five time points (pre-AC and 40, 80, 120, and 160 minutes post-AC) using unipedal stance time (UPST) and center of pressure (CoP) displacement. Pre-AC UPST was used to categorize participants into good-balance (≥30 seconds) and poor-balance (<30 seconds) groups. Peak breath alcohol concentration was 30 mg/dL at 40 minutes post-AC. For all participants, postural stability declined significantly at 80 minutes post-AC (UPST, p = .005; anterior-posterior CoP displacement, p = .029). While the poor-balance group did not show a significant decrease in UPST duration over the course of the study, the good-balance group experienced significant decline at 80 minutes compared with baseline ( p < .001) and remained above the 30-second UPST cutoff. Both groups experienced similar worsening in anterior-posterior CoP displacement at 80 minutes post-AC. Thus, moderate AC was associated with acute decline in postural stability in older adults. The worsened anterior-posterior CoP displacement post-AC in the poor-balance group was of particular concern because these participants were already at lower balance functioning pre-AC. Larger, more representative studies of varying groups of participants are needed to further explore how this change relates to fall incidents and fall risk.

Three months of resistance training in overweight and obese individuals improves reactive balance control under unstable conditions.

Contrary to static and dynamic balance, there is a lack of scientific evidence on the training induced changes in reactive balance control in response to unexpected perturbations in overweight and obese individuals. This study evaluates the effect of 3 months of resistance and aerobic training programs on postural responses to unexpected perturbations under stable and unstable conditions in the overweight and obese. A group of 17 overweight and obese subjects, divided into two groups, underwent either resistance or aerobic training for a period of 3 months (3 sessions per week). Prior to and after completing the training, they performed the load release balance test while standing on either a stable or unstable surface, with eyes open and closed. Peak posterior center of pressure (CoP) displacement, and the time to peak posterior CoP displacement during a bipedal stance on a foam surface with eyes open (17.3%, p = 0.019 and 15.4%, p = 0.029) and eyes closed (15.0%, p = 0.027 and 13.2%, p = 0.034), decreased significantly. In addition, the total anterior to posterior CoP displacement, and the time from peak anterior to peak posterior CoP displacement, both with eyes open (18.1%, p = 0.017 and 12.2%, p = 0.040) and eyes closed (16.3%, p = 0.023 and 11.7%, p = 0.044), also significantly decreased. However, after completing the resistance training, the parameters registered while standing on a stable platform, both with eyes open and closed, did not change significantly. The group that underwent an aerobic training also failed to show any significant changes in parameters of the load release balance test. Three months of resistance training in overweight and obese subjects improves reactive balance control in response to unexpected perturbations under unstable conditions, both with and without visual cues. Due to the fact that this unstable load release balance test was found to be sensitive in revealing post-training changes, it would be suitable for implementing in the functional diagnostic for this group, in addition to complementing existing testing methods.

Impaired motor preparation and execution during standing reach in people with chronic stroke

Movement preparation of both anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) and goal directed movement during a standing reaching task in adults with chronic hemiparesis and healthy controls was investigated. Using a simple reaction time paradigm, while standing on two separate force platforms, subjects received a warning light cue to “get ready to reach” followed 2.5s later by an imperative light cue to “reach as quickly as possible” with the paretic arm (matched arm for controls) to touch a target in front of them for a total of 90 trials. In 30 of the reaching trials a loud acoustic stimulus (LAS) of 123 dB was randomly − −200, or 0ms relative to the “go” cue. APA (postural) responses were characterized by the onset and maximal posterior displacement of center of pressure (CoP) and onset/offset of electromyography (EMG) from tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), while reach was characterized by onset and maximal forward displacement of the reach hand and onset of the anterior (AD), biceps brachii (BB) and middle deltoid (MD). Subjects with stroke, demonstrated a marked reduction in the occurrence of the StartReact responses for both APA and forward reach at all LAS time points indicating movement preparation dysfunction. Movement execution during a cued reach showed significant delays in APA and reach onsets, significant reduction in the magnitude of APA (posterior CoP displacement) and reach excursion, and an increased latency between the APA and reach compared to controls. EMG activation patterns for the TA and SOL demonstrated co contraction compared to the temporally sequenced pattern of control subjects. When LAS was provided at the “go” there were earlier but not significant differences in APA onset latency compared to reaching without LAS and significant delays in reach onset latency when compared to control subjects with or without LAS. An early burst of EMG in biceps brachii muscles with a further delay of the reach onset compared to reaching without LAS may be indicative of interference of a classical startle reflex activating elbow flexors. Results indicated impairments in movement preparation of both APA’s and goal directed UE movement in individuals with stroke which impact the functional performance of reaching in the standing position.

Analysis of dual-task elderly gait in fallers and non-fallers using wearable sensors

Dual-task (DT) gait involves walking while simultaneously performing an attention-demanding task and can be used to identify impaired gait or executive function in older adults. Advancment is needed in techniques that quantify the influence of dual tasking to improve predictive and diagnostic potential. This study investigated the viability of wearable sensor measures to identify DT gait changes in older adults and distinguish between elderly fallers and non-fallers. A convenience sample of 100 older individuals (75.5±6.7 years; 76 non-fallers, 24 fallers based on 6 month retrospective fall occurrence) walked 7.62m under single-task (ST) and DT conditions while wearing pressure-sensing insoles and tri-axial accelerometers at the head, pelvis, and left and right shanks. Differences between ST and DT gait were identified for temporal measures, acceleration descriptive statistics, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) quartiles, ratio of even to odd harmonics, center of pressure (CoP) stance path coefficient of variation, and deviations to expected CoP stance path. Increased posterior CoP stance path deviations, increased coefficient of variation, decreased FFT quartiles, and decreased ratio of even to odd harmonics suggested increased DT gait variability. Decreased gait velocity and decreased acceleration standard deviations (SD) at the pelvis and shanks could represent compensatory gait strategies that maintain stability. Differences in acceleration between fallers and non-fallers in head posterior SD and pelvis AP ratio of even to odd harmonics during ST, and pelvis vertical maximum Lyapunov exponent during DT gait were identified. Wearable-sensor-based DT gait assessments could be used in point-of-care environments to identify gait deficits.

Irritable Bowel Disease Complicated by Food Intolerances, Malabsorption, Dysphagia, Weight Loss, Brain Fogginess, Light-Headedness, and Chronic Fatigue: A Functional Neurology and Neuro-Visceral Applications� Approach.

Event Abstract Back to Event Irritable Bowel Disease Complicated by Food Intolerances, Malabsorption, Dysphagia, Weight Loss, Brain Fogginess, Light-Headedness, and Chronic Fatigue: A Functional Neurology and Neuro-Visceral Applications™ Approach. Gil S. Jaudy1* 1 JTC, United States Background and Aims The patient is 30-year-old male who presented to our clinic on 02/24/2016 complaining of digestive issues, mental issues, throat issues, headaches, light-headedness, stomachaches, difficulty breathing, and chronic fatigue. The patient reported that he was diagnosed with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. He has had a past medical history of valley fever and balance problems . The patient was put on Clonazepam, Amitriptyline, Famotidine, Dicyclomine, HCL, Dexilant and several others. He reported an overall feeling of ill-being and increase in his symptoms, and further debilitation. Methods The patient had undergone a comprehensive neurological examination using standard neurological tests and diagnostics including VNG, computerized dynamic posturography, tremorscopic testing. He had memory and cognitive issues, sensorimotor deficiencies, posterior center of pressure (PCOP), Myerson’s sign, tachycardia, positive dual tasking and Fukuda, and abnormal abdominal sounds. The patient had balance and incoordination issues. He also had slow saccadic movements, aberrant vertical to horizontal optokinetic. He also had irregular pursuits, with loss of gaze. A slow systemic Functional Neurology and Organ Remapping approach was implemented using various pre and post ganglionic procedures, visual, auditory, vestibular, sensory and motor applications, brain based activities, cerebellar activation, complex therapeutic activities, home instructions and dietary changes. Results Faulty pathways lead to misfiring and signal mismatch. Functional Neurology addresses different faulty pathways which lead to brain plasticity, remapping and proto oncogene in the nucleotide sequence. It’s been diagnostically determined that through specific and gradual applications in Functional Neurology and Organ Remapping the patient’s IBS was contained. In 10 treatment days, the patient IBS and all other symptoms were resolved. He enjoys a normal life with his friends, able to eat regular, and has resumed work as a programmer. Acknowledgements Abstracts are clinically documented by the Jaudy Treatment Center. All clinical data is available upon request. Jaudy Treatment Center (JTC), all rights reserved, 2016. References Jaudy Treatment Center clinical data, 2016. Keywords: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Food intolerances, Malabsorption Syndromes, dyshagia, chronic fatigue syndrome Conference: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: Clinical Neuroscience for Optimization of Human Function, Orlando, United States, 7 Oct - 9 Oct, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Abstracts ISCN 2016 Citation: Jaudy GS (2016). Irritable Bowel Disease Complicated by Food Intolerances, Malabsorption, Dysphagia, Weight Loss, Brain Fogginess, Light-Headedness, and Chronic Fatigue: A Functional Neurology and Neuro-Visceral Applications™ Approach.. Front. Neurol. Conference Abstract: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: Clinical Neuroscience for Optimization of Human Function. doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2016.59.00052 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 02 Sep 2016; Published Online: 07 Sep 2016. * Correspondence: Dr. Gil S Jaudy, JTC, Palm Desert, CA, 92211, United States, drjaudy@hotmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Gil S Jaudy Google Gil S Jaudy Google Scholar Gil S Jaudy PubMed Gil S Jaudy Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Postural control and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease

IntroductionThe relationship between freezing of gait (FOG) and postural instability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unclear. We analyzed the impact of FOG on postural control. Methods31 PD patients with FOG (PD+FOG), 27 PD patients without FOG (PD-FOG) and 22 healthy control (HC) were assessed in the ON state. Postural control was measured with the Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB) scale and with center of pressure (COP) analysis during quiet stance and maximal voluntary forward/backward leaning. ResultsThe groups were balanced concerning age, disease duration and disease severity. PD+FOG performed significantly worse in the FAB scale (21.8 ± 5.8) compared to PD-FOG (25.6 ± 5.0) and HC (34.9 ± 2.4) (mean ± SD, p < 0.01). PD+FOG had impaired ability to voluntary lean forward, difficulties to stand on foam with eyes closed and reduced limits of stability compared to PD-FOG (p < 0.05). During quiet stance the average anterior–posterior COP position was significantly displaced towards posterior in PD+FOG in comparison to PD-FOG and HC (p < 0.05). The COP position correlated with severity of FOG (p < 0.01). PD+FOG and PD-FOG did not differ in average COP sway excursion, sway velocity, sway regularity and postural control asymmetry. ConclusionsPD+FOG have reduced postural control compared to PD-FOG and HC. Our results show a relationship between the anterior–posterior COP position during quiet stance and FOG. The COP shift towards posterior in PD+FOG leads to a restricted precondition to generate forward progression during gait initiation. This may contribute to the occurrence of FOG or might be a compensatory strategy to avoid forward falls.

Relationship between gait initiation and disability in individuals affected by multiple sclerosis

This study analyzes how multiple sclerosis (MS) does affect one of the most common voluntary activities in life: the gait initiation (GI). The main aim of the work is to characterize the execution of this task by measuring and comparing relevant parameters based on center of pressure (COP) patterns and to study the relationship between these and the level of expanded disability status scale (EDSS). To this aim, 95 MS subjects with an average EDSS score of 2.4 and 35 healthy subjects were tested using a force platform during the transition from standing posture to gait. COP time-series were acquired and processed to extract a number of parameters related to the trajectory followed by the COP. The statistical analysis revealed that only a few measurements were statistically different between the two groups and only these were subsequently correlated with EDSS score. The correlation analysis underlined that a progressive alteration of the task execution can be directly related with the increase of EDSS score. These finding suggest that most of the impairment found in people with MS comes from the first part of the COP pattern, the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs). The central nervous system performs APAs before every voluntary movement to minimize balance perturbation due to the movement itself. Gait Initiation's APAs consist in some ankle muscles contractions that induce a backward COP shift to the swing limb. The analysis here performed highlighted that MS affected patients have a reduced posterior COP shift that reveals that the anticipatory mechanism is impaired.

Postural stability in school-age children with mild bronchial asthma disease (a pilot study)

Objective: This study assessed the postural stability in children with asthma using balance tests under conditions of a comfortable foot placement and with a foot placement provoking instability. Methods: A group of 10 school children from 8 to 10 years old with mild intermittent asthma and 10 healthy children of the same age range performed four balance tests in a randomized order: preferred stance, adjusted stance, and tandem stance each under both conditions of eyes opened (EO) and eyes closed (EC), as well as a one-legged stance with eyes-opened conditions. To determine postural stability, the center of pressure (CoP) movement was recorded. Basic stabilographic parameters were calculated: CoP velocity in the anterior–posterior direction, CoP velocity in the medial–lateral direction, and the total CoP velocity. Results: Statistically significant differences between the groups were found only for the one-legged stance. Significantly greater anterior–posterior CoP velocity (p = 0.05) and total CoP velocity (p = 0.03) were found in children with asthma when standing on the preferred foot. A significantly greater medial–lateral velocity (p = 0.02) was also found in the non-preferred foot of children with asthma. Conclusions: We can conclude that standing on one leg might be an appropriate test with which to identify balance differences between young children with mild intermittent asthma and healthy children.

Autism/Asperger�s Coupled with Depression and Digestive Disorders: Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology

Event Abstract Back to Event Autism/Asperger’s Coupled with Depression and Digestive Disorders: Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology Dr. Gil S. Jaudy1* 1 JTC, United States The patient is a 14-year-old female who presents with long-standing history of depression, anxiety, lack of focus, anger, seclusion, eating disorder, fatigue, no motivation, and repetitive patterns of behavior. The patient’s parents reported that their daughter can stay in her room for days without any interaction with them or her brother and sister. They said that her family doctor put her on Tylenol since 2011. They parents were extremely concerned and bewildered regarding their daughter’s condition. Methods A comprehensive neurological examination was done, using standard neurological tests and diagnostics including VNG, computerized dynamic posturography, tremorscopic testing. VOR was absent, pursuits irregular with saccadic intrusions, positive Moro, Spinal Galant, and ATNR reflexes, positive dual tasking (freezing), poor memory and cognition, very emotional and angry, posterior center of pressure (PCOP). The patient had balance and incoordination issues. She also had slow saccadic movements in various planes, and aberrant vertical to horizontal optokinetic. A slow systemic Functional Neurology approach was implemented using various visual, auditory, vestibular, sensory and motor applications, brain based activities, cerebellar activation, complex therapeutic activities, home instructions and dietary changes. Results The patient’s VOR was restored to normal within the first 2 days of treatment. In two weeks the patient verbal communication and eye contact improved 85% and was able to digest better. Functional Neurology addresses different faulty pathways which lead to brain plasticity. It’s been diagnostically determined that through specific and gradual applications in Functional Neurology the patient’s depression disorder, Autistic/Asperger’s spectrum is resolved. Today, the patient enjoys normal life with her family and friends, is interested in art and has composed and presented our facility with a fine artistic portrait of the brain. Acknowledgements Gilbert S. Jaudy, DC, FACFN References Gilbert S. Jaudy, DC, FACFN Keywords: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), Asperger’s syndrome, Depression, gut leakage, Behavior Conference: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: TBI and Neurodegeneration, Orlando, Florida, United States, 10 Dec - 14 Dec, 2015. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Case Reports for Poster Presentation Citation: Jaudy DS (2015). Autism/Asperger’s Coupled with Depression and Digestive Disorders: Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology. Front. Neurol. Conference Abstract: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: TBI and Neurodegeneration. doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2015.58.00012 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 01 Nov 2015; Published Online: 02 Nov 2015. * Correspondence: Dr. Dr. Gil S Jaudy, JTC, palm desert, ca, 92211, United States, drjaudy@hotmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Dr. Gil S Jaudy Google Dr. Gil S Jaudy Google Scholar Dr. Gil S Jaudy PubMed Dr. Gil S Jaudy Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Alpha Synucleinopathy Complicated by Renal Encephalopathy: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology

Event Abstract Back to Event Alpha Synucleinopathy Complicated by Renal Encephalopathy: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology Gil S. Jaudy1* 1 JTC, United States Background and Aims The patient is a 65-year-old female presented to our clinic on 5/25/15 complaining of lower abdominal pain, general body pain, depression, fogginess, loss of energy and back pain. The patient reported that she was sweating, had faint feeling and the pain felt Like “taking your breath away”. She also complained of weight loss, icy cold feet and hands. The patient reported that his pain was an 9/10, on a scale of 1 to 10, 10 being the worst. She has a past medical history of fractured bones, gallbladder problems, stiffness, painful/swollen joints, leg cramps, hip/leg pain, and fatigue. The patient was put on several medications for low back pain. An abdominal ultrasound showed “renal enlargement and cyst formation”. Another ultrasound showed “gallstones, gallbladder sludge, and heterogeneous liver echotexture”. Methods The patient had undergone a comprehensive neurological and physical examination using standard neurological tests and diagnostics including VNG, posturography, tremorscope, blind spot mapping. He had global sensory and motor deficiencies, in addition to incoordination, cerebellar dysmetria, hyperreflexia, allodynia, posterior center of pressure, asterixis, dyskinesia, Myerson’s sign, ocular dysmetria, irregular vertical saccades compared to horizontal ones. Systemic Functional Neurology and Organ-Remapping procedures and applications were implemented using various sensory and motor applications, coupled motion reductions, pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic applications, visual and auditory stimulation, cerebellar activation, complex therapeutic activities, home instructions, and various specific mitochondrial neutraceuticals and phytonutrients. Various applications were administered on daily basis for 2 weeks. Results After the first day the patient’s lower abdominal pain was resolved. By the end of the week his fainting and sweating feeling was resolved. Patient was discharged for one month, and returned for one week. Today the patient’s symptoms have completely resolved and she enjoys life with her family. Acknowledgements Gilbert S. Jaudy, DC, FACFN References Gilbert S. Jaudy, DC, FACFN Keywords: neurology and psychology, Renal Circulation, Cortical Plasticity, Memory Disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome Conference: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: TBI and Neurodegeneration, Orlando, Florida, United States, 10 Dec - 14 Dec, 2015. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Case Reports for Poster Presentation Citation: Jaudy GS (2015). Alpha Synucleinopathy Complicated by Renal Encephalopathy: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology. Front. Neurol. Conference Abstract: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: TBI and Neurodegeneration. doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2015.58.00021 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 01 Nov 2015; Published Online: 02 Nov 2015. * Correspondence: Dr. Gil S Jaudy, JTC, palm desert, ca, 92211, United States, drjaudy@hotmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Gil S Jaudy Google Gil S Jaudy Google Scholar Gil S Jaudy PubMed Gil S Jaudy Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Fibromylagia Complicated by Severe Cognitive Disorder, Migraines and Insomnia: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology

Event Abstract Back to Event Fibromylagia Complicated by Severe Cognitive Disorder, Migraines and Insomnia: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology Gil S. Jaudy1* 1 JTC, United States Background and Aims The patient is a 41-year-old female who presented to our clinic on 10/12/2015 complaining of severe widespread body pain, cognitive issues, migraines and insomnia since 2001. She has had a past medical history of fractured bones, high blood pressure, eye pain, blurred vision, stiffness, headaches, dizziness, tremors, muscle cramps, mold poisoning, vertigo, depression, constipation, tremors, muscle spasms, rheumatoid arthritis, difficulty breathing, swollen joints, miscarriages, chest pain, belching, gas and digestive disorders. The patient saw 150 doctors since 2001and was put on 50 medications. She reported extreme anxiety and an overall increase of symptoms. Methods The patient had undergone a comprehensive neurological examination at our facility using standard neurological tests and diagnostics. She had orthostatic blood pressure concomitance, global motor deficiencies, in addition to incoordination, cerebellar dysmetria, posterior center of pressure, freezing gait, hyperkinesia, frontal release sign, ocular dysmetria, poor gaze stabilization, and saccades. Systemic Functional Neurology procedures and applications were implemented using various sensory and motor applications, coupled motion reductions, visual and auditory stimulation, cerebellar activation, complex therapeutic activities, home instructions, and various specific mitochondrial neutraceuticals and phytonutrients. Various applications were administered on daily basis for 3 days. Results By the end of the 3rd day week most of the patient’s symptoms and disorders, including her fibromyalgia have resolved. Patient and her husband gave an emotional testimonial. The patient left symptom free. Acknowledgements Gilbert S. Jaudy, DC, FACFN References Gilbert S. Jaudy, DC, FACFN Keywords: insomnia, Migraine Disorders, Muscle Contraction, Swelling, Fibromyalgia Conference: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: TBI and Neurodegeneration, Orlando, Florida, United States, 10 Dec - 14 Dec, 2015. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Case Reports for Poster Presentation Citation: Jaudy GS (2015). Fibromylagia Complicated by Severe Cognitive Disorder, Migraines and Insomnia: Presentation, Diagnosis and Applications of Functional Neurology. Front. Neurol. Conference Abstract: International Symposium on Clinical Neuroscience: TBI and Neurodegeneration. doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2015.58.00011 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 01 Nov 2015; Published Online: 02 Nov 2015. * Correspondence: Dr. Gil S Jaudy, JTC, palm desert ca, ca, 92211, United States, drjaudy@hotmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Gil S Jaudy Google Gil S Jaudy Google Scholar Gil S Jaudy PubMed Gil S Jaudy Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.