Post-test Results Research Articles

The Effect of Assessment for Learning in Chemistry Learning on Students' Learning Outcomes

This research aims to describe the effect of the implementation of assessment for learning (AfL) in chemistry learning on student learning outcomes. This type of research is pre-experiment. The design used in this research is One Group Pretest Posttest Design, with the same treatment in class XI, that is pretest - meeting 1 - posttest 1 - meeting 2 - posttest 2. Meetings 1 and 2 respectively are the implementation of AfL on the material of acidic buffer solutions and basic buffer solutions. The subjects of this research were students of class A and B SMAN 2 Bangkalan. Students' chemistry learning outcomes were obtained from the results of pretest, posttest 1, and posttest 2. Data analysis techniques using normality test followed by hypothesis testing and N-Gain test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest 1 and between posttest 1 and posttest 2 in classes A and B. Students' learning outcomes also improved based on the results of the N-Gain test. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the implementation of AfL in learning chemistry has an effect on learning outcomes and is able to improve student learning outcomes

Enhancing Cultural Awareness through Project-Based Learning: A Study on Historical Preservation in Kazakhstan

The Mangistau region of Kazakhstan is rich in cultural heritage and is characterized by various toponyms reflecting its multifaceted history. In the context of the Mangistau region, incorporating the cultural and historical context into the program helps students form a deeper connection with the region and its tangible and intangible heritage. By learning historical place names and their etymological origins, students gain insights into the history and cultural development of the region. This study investigates the teaching of etymological analysis of historical toponyms of the Mangistau region through project-based teaching and its impact on student’s attitudes toward history and interest in historical and cultural values. The study employed a quasi-experimental design based on quantitative research methods. According to this design, pre-test results were used to divide the groups into experimental and control groups. The participants comprised 61 students (Experimental group n=31; Control group n=30) studying in the 2nd grade of a high school in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in the 2023-2024 academic year. The experimental group was taught project-based learning activities for six weeks, while the control group was taught historical toponyms and etymological analysis of the Mangistau Region using traditional teaching methods and techniques. The Attitudes Toward Historical and Toponymy Subjects Scale and the Interest in Historical and Cultural Values Scale were used as data collection instruments. The pre-test and post-test results of the experimental and control groups were analyzed using the Independent Samples t-test technique. The analysis revealed that the students in the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher mean scores in the post-test compared to the control group. The findings indicated that teaching with a project-based learning approach on historical toponyms and etymological analysis of the Mangistau region increased students’ interest in and attitudes toward historical and cultural values.

The Role of Mother Tongue and Its Impact on Learning English Grammar at Elementary Level A Case Study of District Karak

The mother tongue plays a vital role in facilitating the understanding of English grammar, making it easier for students to grasp complex concepts. Its use in teaching can bridge linguistic gaps, leading to more effective language acquisition. Therefore, the current study investigates the role of the mother tongue (L1) and its impact on learning English grammar, particularly Tenses, at the elementary level in District Karak. The main objective was to examine how using the native language, Pashto, affects students' understanding of English grammar. The research was experimental, employing a pre-test and post-test equivalent-groups design. Two groups of students were formed: an experimental group, taught using a combination of the target language (English), national language, and mother tongue, and a control group, taught exclusively in English. Students were assigned to these groups based on random sampling, ensuring balanced placement. The findings revealed no significant difference in the pre-test and post-test results of the control group, while the experimental group showed notable improvement in their post-test scores. The study recommends incorporating the mother tongue in English grammar instruction at the elementary level and suggests similar investigations in girls' schools.

Pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) terhadap hasil belajar IPAS Siswa Kelas IV SD N Randusari Yogyakarta

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning outcomes of IPAS fourth grade students of SD N Randusari Yogyakarta. This research is a Pre-Experimental Design research with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design design. The subjects of this study were fourth grade students of SD N Randusari Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques in this study using tests. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical analysis. Hypothesis testing uses non-parametric tests, namely the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed a very significant effect with the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning outcomes of IPAS fourth grade students of SD N Randusari Yogyakarta. The effect of applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model can be seen from the increase in student pretest and posttest results. The average pretest score is 66.14 while the average posttest is 83.86. The results of the hypothesis test calculation using the Mann-whitney test found Asymp. Sig of 0.000. In accordance with the decision-making rules in the Mann-whitney test that the Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) <0.05 or 0.000 <0.05, this shows that the hypothesis is accepted. Learning outcomes increased through the average results of the pretest posttest obtained by students and the results of hypothesis testing, it was concluded that there was a very significant effect with the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on IPAS learning outcomes in fourth grade students of Randusari Yogyakarta State Elementary School.

Enhancing Autonomous Learning and Vocabulary Mastery through the Effective Utilization of Online Resources and Word Wall Activities

This study explores the substantial advantages of utilizing the Internet as a learning tool, focusing on its integration with self-directed learning strategies to enhance vocabulary acquisition. Employing a quasi-experimental approach, the research involved two groups of students subjected to different treatments. The experimental group utilized internet-based reading materials selected according to their interests, recorded key points in worksheets, and engaged in word wall activities. In contrast, the control group followed traditional vocabulary learning methods. Post-test results indicated a 15% increase in vocabulary mastery for the experimental group compared to the control group. Furthermore, students in the experimental group with higher levels of self-directed learning demonstrated superior outcomes compared to those with lower levels of self-directed learning. The study concludes that reading internet-based short stories selected according to student interests significantly enhances vocabulary acquisition. Students with high self-directed learning tendencies are more likely to explore vocabulary through these stories. Effective use of the internet stimulates student interest and improves vocabulary acquisition through word wall activities, addressing the common issue of boredom in language classrooms. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of digital resources in language learning curricula, particularly in fostering student autonomy and engagement.

Efficacy of a sexual development education programme for the mothers of primary school students in Türkiye

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a sexual development education programme designed for the mothers of primary school pupils in Türkiye. The programme’s impact on participants’ perceptions of sex education was evaluated using a 2 × 2 experimental design. Thirty participants, all mothers of primary school students, were assigned to either the experimental or control group. Data collection tools included a Personal Information Form, an Opinion Questionnaire on Sex Education, and the Sex Education Programme Knowledge Test (SEPKT). The experimental group participated in an 8-week Sexual Development Education Programme. Pre-test analysis revealed no significant differences between the experimental and control groups; however, post-test analysis indicated a significant improvement in SEPKT scores for the experimental group compared to the control group. Post-test results also showed that participating mothers held more positive views about sexual development education compared to their pre-programme perspectives. This research contributes to understanding the impact of targeted interventions in sex and sexuality education. The findings underscore the importance of providing comprehensive sex education programmes with targeted interventions for parents in Türkiye, which can positively influence their ability to communicate and provide appropriate education to their children.

Effectiveness of neurokinetic therapy on pain and plantar fascia thickness among patients with plantar fasciitis

Objectives: Identify the effectiveness of neurokinetic therapy on pain and plantar fascia thickness in patients with plantar fasciitis. Method: An experimental study was performed on 80 patients with plantar fasciitis after screening based on selection criteria. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups: the neurokinetic therapy group (n = 40) and the foot core exercises group (n = 40). In both groups, the treatments were given for two weeks, five days each week. The pre-and post-test results were assessed. A statistical analysis was performed on the gathered data. Result: A significant statistical difference was observed between the groups; the post-test mean value of the Foot Function Index scale in the neurokinetic therapy group was 129.12, while in the foot core exercises group was 141.42. Additionally, the post-test mean value of the therapeutic ultrasound in the neurokinetic therapy group was 3, whereas in the foot core exercises group was 3.38. These values yielded a p-value of less than 0.001. Conclusion: This study demonstrated an improvement in both groups. However, the neurokinetic therapy group showed a significant improvement in pain, functionality, and plantar fascia thickness compared to the foot core exercises group. Level of evidence IV; Experimental study.

Emotion Regulation Training To Increase Students' Learning Concentration Through Fly Ball Games

Purpose: This concentration on learning is often found in students so that many students have difficulty understanding the material presented by the teacher and each student has different forms of not concentrating, including sleepiness, laziness and distracted thinking. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training through the fly ball game to increase the learning concentration of class VII students at SMP N 2 Karanganyar. Method: This research used the experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design by providing training to class students at SMPN 2 Karanganyar which was attended by 32 students. This training was carried out in a participatory manner. The fly ball game is prepared to train students' emotional regulation. Result: The results of the research showed that there was an increase in students' learning concentration in the pre-test, with results of 53.706 and 57.588 for the average post-test results. Based on the paired sample t-test, the result was t = -3.469 with a significance of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: So this research shows a significant influence between students' learning concentration before and after participating in the training.

The Development of E-Learning Material of English for Tourism for Tourism Personnel in Labuan Bajo

The purpose of this study was to create e-learning material of English for tourism personnel in Labuan Bajo. This study was a research and development one. The outcome of this research was learning devices in the form of module. This study refers to Borg and Gall’s development research procedure consisting collecting data, planning, product draft development, expert validation, revision, and field test. There were two kinds of data in this study; qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data was in the form of suggestions from validator regarding module, as well as the results of observation and interview. Meanwhile the quantitative data was obtained from the participant’s result of pretest and postest. The posttest results showed that there was an increase in scores of 37% from the participants' average scores. This showed that materials in the form of module were effective in improving the English language skills of tourism actors in Labuan Bajo. Apart from that, the material in the form of a module has met all the criteria in terms of content feasibility and presentment feasibility by validators who are experts in their fields. Keywords: E-learning, Material, English for Tourism, Tourism Personnel

Science process skills and biology learning outcomes of high school students through the application of the guided inquiry learning model

Science process skills are important skills to develop when studying biology. Science process skills can positively contribute to students' biology learning outcomes. The right learning model can develop science process skills and student learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the guided inquiry learning model on students' science process skills and biology learning outcomes. This quasi-experimental study was conducted at SMA Al Islam Surakarta. The research design used was a posttest-only control group design. The sample in this study consisted of 2 classes, namely one class as a control class and one class as an experimental class. Sampling was carried out using cluster random sampling. The research instruments were post-test questions and observation sheets. Learning outcome data were obtained from the posttest results, while science process skills data were obtained from observation results. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively using the Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that the guided inquiry learning model affected students' science process skills and biology learning outcomes by being able to improve both aspects (sig<0.05). The study concludes that the inquiry learning model affects science process skills and learning outcomes. It is recommended in biology learning to use a guided inquiry learning model.

Analysis Of Improvement Student Knowledge Using Video Tutorial Media Through The YouTube Application On Class XI Culinary Pastry Material At SMKN 9 Padang

The development of science and technology has affected various aspects of life, including education. One aspect that has developed is learning media, with video tutorial media being an effective and interesting tool, especially in the culinary field. Video tutorials allow students to learn material visually and can be accessed at any time, facilitating independent learning. This study aims to determine the effect of using video tutorial media through YouTube in improving student knowledge on pastry material in class XI Culinary SMKN 9 Padang. The research method used was an experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of 64 students, with 32 students in the experimental class XI Culinary 4 and 32 students in the control class XI Culinary 2. Data collection techniques include tests and documentation, while data analysis uses normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis tests with independent sample t-test. The posttest t-test results show that the knowledge value of experimental and control class students has a tcount value of 3,227> ttable 1,99897 or sig. (2-tailed) 0,021 < 0,05. Thus, Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is a significant difference in the value of student knowledge between classes that use video tutorials via YouTube and classes that use conventional learning media.

Community Empowerment Through the Development of the Watu Wayang Tourism Village, Srimulyo Village, Piyungan District, Bantul Regency

The development of tourist villages in addition to functioning as an improvementin environmental conservation, also functions as a community economic development. This illustrates theprocess of economic and social community empowerment. Thus, the development of community-based tourism is a strategic effort to empower the community. This activity has the theme of Community Empowerment through Tourism Village Development. With the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method and data collection techniques through interviews, observations, Focus Group Discussion, and literature studies, this activity aims toincrease the knowledge of Watu Wayang tourist village managers about excellent services andtourism promotion. The results of the activity show that the community's knowledge and skillshave increased, especially regardingexcellent service and tourism promotion. This can be seenfrom the results of the evaluation of activities, especially the results of pritest and posttest. The results of the implementation of community service can be concluded that the implementation of these activities have been able to improve the abilities and skills of tourism village managersin Watu Wayang.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Using Corpus-Based Developed Materials in Vocabulary Learning for Saudi EFL Students

Many studies have employed corpus linguistics methodologies to gain insights into L2 learning and teaching. While these studies have contributed to a comprehensive theoretical understanding of corpus use in L2 instruction, particularly in vocabulary learning, there remains a gap in practical application, especially within the context of English as a Foreign/Second Language (EFL/ESL). Therefore, this paper empirically examined the effectiveness of using the corpus approach for EFL students’ vocabulary development and explored students’ attitudes toward using a corpus to develop their vocabulary. In a five-week experimental study, involving 24 Saudi EFL female students, participants were evenly divided into two groups: the control and experimental groups. These objectives were investigated using a mixed-method design, comprising both quantitative and qualitative approaches, which included pretests, posttests, questionnaires, and diaries for the experimental group only. Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS program (v.25), incorporating T-tests and descriptive statistical analysis, alongside a descriptive analysis of learners’ diaries to corroborate the questionnaire findings. The findings showed that both groups revealed improved vocabulary during the study period based on the post-test results, but favored the experimental group that received the corpus-based approach. Furthermore, the attitudes questionnaire’s results showed most students held positive attitudes toward using the COCA corpus for vocabulary learning, despite facing some difficulties, which, as described in their weekly diaries, could be overcome over time through practice and training.

Edukasi pada Ibu Tentang Persiapan Menghadapi Perubahan Masa Menopause

Menopause is the phase where menstruation stops for a woman. Menopause is caused by the loss of function of the ovarian follicles and a decrease in estrogen levels in the blood circulation. The menopausal transition period can occur gradually, usually starting with changes in the menstrual cycle. This transition period is called perimenopause. Perimenopause can last several years and can affect physical, emotional, mental and social well-being. So physical and mental preparation is needed to face this transition period. The aim of this community service is to provide education about menopause and prepare mothers as early as possible to face the menopause period. This activity was carried out in Sungai Jernih Hamlet, RT 10, Bajubang District, Batanghari Regency. Educational activities are carried out using lecture and discussion methods using leaflet media. The results of this activity showed that there was an increase in the level of maternal knowledge in the good category in the pre-test from 4 respondents (21%) to 16 respondents (84.2%) in the post-test results. So it can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge among mothers before and after being given education about preparations for facing menopause.

Peningkatan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Adobe Flash CS6 Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas X pada Mata Pelajaran Komputer Grafis di SMK Plus Pertiwi Sukamulya

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of Grade X students in the Graphic Design subject at SMK Plus Pertiwi Sukamulya through the implementation of interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research sample consists of 20 Grade X students majoring in Visual Communication Design (DKV), who will be given an initial test (pretest) to measure their baseline abilities in the Graphic Design subject. Subsequently, the students will undergo the learning process using interactive media based on Adobe Flash CS6. After the learning process, the students will be given a final test (posttest) to measure the improvement in their learning outcomes. The data from the pretest and posttest will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the assistance of SPSS and Microsoft Excel. The pretest results showed the highest score of 87 and the lowest score of 40, with an average score of 64.05. Following the implementation of the interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6, the posttest results indicated the highest score of 93 and the lowest score of 53, with an average score of 75.70, reflecting an improvement of 11.65. Therefore, it can be concluded that the posttest results showed a higher average score compared to the pretest, and there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores

PENGGUNAAN CHATGPT PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA KULIAH PEMASARAN DIGITAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN MAHASISWA DI STMA TRISAKTI

New technologies, like ChatGPT, are changing the way we learn in school. Some people really like it, but others don't like it as much. Many people are talking about how ChatGPT affects education. The purpose of this study is to examine how the use of ChatGPT in the learning process can increase student independence at STMA Trisakti. This is really important because students are one of the people who use ChatGPT. The type of research used is descriptive-quantitative. The sample used is the pre-test and post-test results of all STMA Trisakti students in digital marketing courses, totaling 34 respondents. The data analysis techniques used in the study were a validity test, a reliability test, a prerequisite test, and a hypothesis test (a paired sample test) to see which one had the biggest increase. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores on whether the use of Chat GPT in the learning process can increase student independence at STMA Trisakti. These results can be used to conclude that the knowledge score in the learning process increases student independence at Stma Trisakti.

Effectiveness of Mathematics-Gammified Applications for Learners Interactive Numeracy Growth (Math-Galing) in Enhancing the Academic Performance of Grade 11 Learners

This study determined the effectiveness of the academic performance of Grade 11 learners using the Mathematics Gamified Application for Learner's Interactive Numeracy Growth (Math-GALING). This study used a quasi-experimental design. The participants of the study were selected through a match-pairing technique based on the results of their pretest among Grade 11 students, resulting in 29 pairs. These two groups of students, one from the Accountancy, Business, and Management strand and the other from the Humanities and Social Sciences strand, comprised the experimental and comparison groups, respectively. The participants' pretest, posttest, and formative test performances was evaluated using the mean and standard deviation. Similar to how independent t-tests were used to quantify the extent of the difference between two sets of scores, Cohen’s d was used to determine the significance of the difference between the pretest and posttest results. The salient findings from the data were as follows: there is always an opportunity for improvement, particularly when the goal is to enhance teaching and learning processes to provide students with quality education. This study could conclude that using a gamified learning application (Math-GALING) in the teaching of statistics and probability enhanced learners’ performances. It was found that the designed gamified learning application enhanced students’ academic performances.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Google Classroom terhadap Minat dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri Kebakkramat pada Materi Mitigasi Bencana alam tahun ajaran 2020/2021

<p>This research aimed to (1) Explain the influence of the use of Google Classroom media on the interest in learning Geography for students of class XI IPS SMA Negeri Kebakkramat on natural disaster mitigation materials and (2) Explain the influence of the use of Google Classroom media on the learning outcomes of students of class XI IPS SMA Negeri Kebakkramat on natural disaster mitigation materials for the 2020/2021 school year.</p><p>This type of research is a quasi-experimental research with a research design in the form of Pretest-Posttest, Noneuquivalent Control Group Design. This study used two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The population of this study was students of class XI social studies at SMA Negeri Kebakkramat. Samples were selected using purposive sampling techniques for the experimental class and its control class taking into account the average results of class XI social studies scores from cultural diversity materials. The collection method is carried out by means of interviews, interest questionnaires, test questions, and documentation. The analytical techniques used are the Kolomogorov-Smirnov test, the levene test, the independent sample t-test, and the mann whitney test.</p><p>The results of this study regarding the learning interests of students show that there is no difference in the influence of interest in learning geography between students of class XI IPS 4 who use Google Classroom media and students of class XI IPS 5 who use Whatsapp media. The results of the independent sample t-test show that the sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.939 > 0.05, then it can be concluded that Ho was accepted and Ha was rejected. Meanwhile, the results of research on learning outcomes have differences in the influence of student learning outcomes in experimental classes and control classes. The posttest results between the experimental class and the distributed control class were abnormal and homogeneous in the test using the mann whitney test showed that the U value was 327 and the W value was 855. Sig value. (2-tailed) by 0.02 < 0.05. Sig value. (2-tailed) < from the critical limit of 0.05 then there is a difference that Ha is accepted.</p><p>Keywords : Google Classroom, Interest in Learning, and Learning Outcomes</p>

Innovative approach of teaching ray-optics in the classroom

Abstract The present work discusses an innovative approach to teaching ray optics for students of class X. The school students were taught various concepts related to ray optics viz. Reflection, refraction, lateral displacement, mirrors, lenses, their types and terminologies, thin and thick lens, power of a lens, all cases of image formation in lenses, total internal reflection and its applications, human eye, its defects and corrections, making of telescope and microscope through practical demonstrations and hands-on approach using a self-conceived Ray Optics Kit. This activity was done independently in twenty two schools of Delhi, both government and private, with a massive total participation of 1200 students as part of SPIE Optics Outreach Activity. SPIE@ANDC Student Chapter members were trained at the college and they followed ‘Train the Trainer’ approach to create a pool of more than fifteen students who collectively conducted the workshops in teams in each of these schools. The student performance was assessed through a pre and post test as well as using a feedback form. An improvement of 65% in students’ performance was observed as indicated by comparing their pre-test and post-test results. The students as well as teachers gave a highly appreciative feedback of the whole activity. The feedback on their social media pages is a testimony of the success of the activity. Each school was awarded a Ray Optics Kit so as to make teaching and learning of ray optics interesting and engaging for batches in the future academic years.

Latihan Foot Massagese bagai penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Desa Sukamulya

Introduction: Hypertension is a silent disease because people do not know they have hypertension before checking their blood pressure. The incidence of hypertension reaches 9.4 million deaths worldwide every year, the number of hypertension sufferers will continue to increase sharply and it is predicted that by 2025 around 29% of adults worldwide will suffer from hypertension. Objective: This service aims to train foot massage for hypertensive patients in an effort to reduce blood pressure Method: used in this activity uses several methods and stages consisting of the preparation stage and the activity stage. The preparation stage consists of preliminary studies, coordination with partners as well as preparation of the location and supporting media. The activity stage consists of pre-testing participants, taking blood pressure measurements Result: Based on the results of the training, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge with an average increase in post-test results of 17.2 with the highest score in the post-test being 100. Conclusion: There was a decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive patients after the intervention with an average decrease in respondents' blood pressure of 10 mmHg