Post-test Model Research Articles

Comparing the Effect of Traditional Educational Model and Game-Based Learning Approach on Self-Efficacy in Adolescent Boys

This study aimed to compare the effects of the traditional educational model and the Game-Based Learning (GBL) approach on self-efficacy in adolescent boys. A quasi-experimental design was used with a pre-test and post-test model. Thirty male students aged 10 to 13 years from Mashhad were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving traditional instruction and the other exposed to GBL. Self-efficacy was measured using the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (SEQ-C). The intervention spanned eight weeks, with the traditional group focusing on teacher-led, structured activities, while the GBL group engaged in interactive, game-based tasks designed to enhance cognitive and emotional skills. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANCOVA to evaluate differences between groups. The results revealed that the GBL approach significantly improved self-efficacy compared to the traditional educational model. Participants in the GBL group exhibited a larger mean increase in self-efficacy scores (M = 19.52) compared to the traditional group (M = 6.86). ANCOVA confirmed the effectiveness of GBL, with a large effect size (η2 = 0.80). These findings align with previous studies emphasizing the role of interactive and engaging learning environments in fostering self-efficacy. Game-Based Learning proved to be a more effective approach than traditional instruction in enhancing self-efficacy among adolescent boys. These findings highlight the potential of GBL as a transformative educational strategy, particularly for fostering confidence, motivation, and autonomy in students. Future research should explore long-term effects and applicability across diverse populations.

Knowledge profile about HIV/AIDS and clinical features of oral mucosal lesion in Persatuan Waria Kota Surabaya (PERWAKOS) community: a qualitative study

Introduction: Transgender is a term used for individuals who have different gender identities at birth with current gender identities. Members of the male-to-female transgender community in Indonesia often refer to themselves as "waria", which stands for wanita (women) and pria (men). Transvestites are 18 times more at risk of HIV infection than the general population. The high prevalence of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections in transvestites is in line with the lack of knowledge, lack of understanding of health services and poor support for transvestites with HIV. Material and Methods: This research is an observational descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The research subjects were all members of Persatuan Waria Kota Surabaya (PERWAKOS) in Wonokromo region, Surabaya. This research was attended by 20 respondents. Research subjects were taken blood samples for HIV and STI tests. A pre-test and post-test model is carried out to assess understanding knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The respondents were given a questionnaire containing questions about HIV/AIDS. Researchers provide brief education, information and pictorial leaflet media with counseling and discussion session. After pre-test and post-test, intra-oral examination of oral mucosal was carried out using a dental instrument. Results: The results of HIV and STI tests in 18 study subjects showed that 4 people (22.22%) had reactive results for HIV testing and none of the study subjects had an STI. Assessment of knowledge about HIV/AIDS showed that 12 people (60%) had the same score in the pre-test and post-test. Examination of oral mucosal lesions found that only 1 case required therapy (5%) of 20 respondents namely oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL). Conclusion: Preventing and controlling HIV infection in transvestites communities can be done by increasing knowledge about HIV/AIDS and routine checks through HIV testing and oral screening. This supports efforts to control HIV infection in the transvestite’s group who are considered to be at high risk.

The Effect of Ginger Water Decoction on Leg Edema in Pregnant Mothers at Kasih Ibu Primary Clinic, 2024

The bending of the uterus restricts venous return and gravitational pull, which increases fluid retention and causes 80% of pregnant women in the third trimester to experience leg edema or swelling. Edema in pregnant women’s legs can be a sign of dangerous pregnancy conditions, such as pre-eclampsia. Edema is also very dangerous for pregnant women as it can lead to issues with the heart, kidneys, and other body parts, disrupting their functions. Foot soaking, or foot hydrotherapy, is an additional therapy that can be done independently. To improve blood circulation and trigger a systemic response (vasodilation) through the dilation of blood vessels, bathing with warm water will help. The authors aim to conduct research on "The Effect of Ginger Decoction on Edema in Pregnant Women's Legs at Kasih Ibu Pratama Clinic in 2024" based on the above information and data. They believe that foot soaks can also be combined with other herbal ingredients. The research method used a population of 100 with a sample of 17 individuals, employing a quantitative research design and a one-group pre-test post-test model, where observations were made before and after treatment with data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The study found that ginger decoction has an effect on reducing edema in the legs of pregnant women. The test results showed a probability of 0.01. This means that the probability < level of significance (? = 0.05), so Ha is accepted, and H0 is rejected, indicating a significant difference between leg edema in pregnant women before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the administration of ginger decoction. Therefore, ginger decoction has an effect on reducing edema in pregnant women's legs.

The effect of education given to secondary school students on hand hygiene behaviors: a Quasi experimental study.

This study aimed to examine the effect of the hand hygiene education on middle school students' behavioral scores related to hand hygiene practices. The research adheres to a quasi-experimental design suitable for the pre-test Posttest model with a control group. The population of the study consists of a total of 1159 students, comprising 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th graders. During the first semester of the 2021-2022 academic year, face-to-face education was conducted at a middle school located in Ankara. Two face-to-face training sessions were conducted to increase awareness of hand hygiene. The groups indicate homogeneity in terms of demographic characteristics. The mean hand hygiene behavior score was 56.45 ± 8.03 before the education in the intervention group, which increased to 59.79 ± 7.62 after the education. In the control group, the mean score was 55.98 ± 7.89 before the education and 57.15 ± 7.63 after the education. It was found that after the educational program, there was a statistically significant increase in hand hygiene behavior scores of the groups. The research findings indicate a beneficial impact of hand hygiene education on students' average behavioral scores. To foster lasting behavioral changes from a young age, it is advisable to implement hygiene education in schools periodically, including targeted interventions for middle school students.

The impact of an applied menstrual self-care education program given to adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their mothers on their knowledge, skills, and anxiety levels

Objectives This study aimed to examine the effect of an applied menstrual self-care management education program provided to adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their mothers on their knowledge, skills, and anxiety levels. Methods A quasi-experimental design based on pre-test and post-test models was conducted with two different groups. The population consisted of adolescents with intellectual disabilities attending three special education and rehabilitation centers in a province and their mothers, while the sample included 32 adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their mothers who met the research criteria. Data were collected using a Demographic Information and Menstrual Characteristics Form and the Beck Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistical methods (Mean, Standard Deviation) and t-test were employed. Results The applied education program provided education to both mothers and adolescents with intellectual disabilities using a simulator model demonstrating the perineal area and a guide developed for menstrual self-care, and they were asked to perform the practices. Following the education, both mothers and adolescents with intellectual disabilities showed effective gains in knowledge and skills, while also experiencing a reduction in anxiety. Conclusions Providing the same education to both mothers and adolescents with intellectual disabilities not only reduced potential caregiving issues but also facilitated communication between the adolescent and the mother. The study enabled adolescents with intellectual disabilities to realize their potential and decreased dependency on their mothers for care.

Development of an Accounting E-Module with Book Creator to Improve Student Learning Achievement in Accounting Material as an Information System for Regina Pacis Bajawa High School Students

The objectives of this research are: (1) To produce an e-module accounting module to improve the learning achievement of SMAS Regina Pacis Bajawa students. (2) Examining the feasibility of accounting e-modules to improve the learning achievement of SMAS Regina Pacis Bajawa students. (3) Examining the effectiveness of the accounting e-module in improving the learning achievement of SMAS Regina Pacis Bajawa students.This type of research is research and development research with the ADDIE model. With an experimental trial design using a pre-test – post-test model. The test subjects in this research were class XI IPS D SMAS Rergina Pacis Bajawa. Product suitability is tested by media experts, material experts, learning practitioners, namely teachers, and media users, namely students. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews, questionnaires and tests. The data collection instruments used were interview guides, expert validation questionnaires, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and accounting questions as an information system. Development products are assessed based on the appropriateness of media design and learning materials. The feasibility of the resulting learning media was analyzed using a conversion of 4 eligibility criteria, namely very good, good, poor and very poor.Results of the research (1) An accounting e-module with a book creator has been developed to improve student learning achievement. (2) The accounting e-module with book creator was assessed in the very appropriate category by media experts with a score of 91.66%, a score of 84.61% in the very appropriate category from material experts, a score of 100% in the very appropriate category from teachers and a score of 87 .14% in the very feasible category was obtained from student assessments. (3) E-module accounting module with book creator can improve the learning achievement of Regina Pacis Bajawa High School students. It can be seen that there is an increase in the average student score from the pretest of 57.18 to 85.78 in the posttest.

Effects of a Six-Week Aerobic Exercise Training Program on Lipid Profiles in Sedentary Women

This study investigated how a six-week training program involving aerobic exercise affected the lipid profile of women who were sedentary. Using the pre-test post-test model, 36 sedentary female volunteers aged 18-29 years participated in the study. After the participants had fasted overnight, healthcare professionals took blood samples from them both before and after the training program in a clinical setting. Measurements were taken of triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol. The data obtained was subjected to a paired-samples test using the SPSS 22.0 statistical program to compare the values before and after training. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) were used to clarify the levels of comparison. Statistically significant differences were seen in blood lipid levels (triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol) between pre- and post-training assessments (p < 0.05). This study found that a six-week aerobic exercise program significantly increased HDL cholesterol levels by 15.8% (from 46.66 mg/dL to 54.05 mg/dL, p = 0.000) and decreased LDL cholesterol levels by 15.7% (from 96.72 mg/dL to 81.52 mg/dL, p = 0.000) in sedentary women. The study adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that aerobic exercise programs, such as spinning, can significantly improve lipid profiles in sedentary women, potentially reducing their risk of cardiovascular disease. Future research should incorporate control groups to strengthen these findings.

Youth Suicide Prevention Programming among the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians: Effects of the Lifelines Student Curriculum.

Suicide continues to be a leading cause of mortality for young people. Given persistent intersecting forms of disadvantage, Native American adolescents are especially vulnerable to mental health adversities and other suicide risk factors. The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians (MBCI) implemented the Choctaw Youth Resilience Initiative (CYRI), a five-year SAMHSA-funded project that began in 2019. This study uses Choctaw student pre-test/post-test survey data to examine the effectiveness of the Hazelden Lifelines Suicide Prevention Training curriculum for youth. A lagged post-test design was used, whereby post-surveys were administered at least one month after program completion. Several intriguing results were observed. First, the lagged post-test model was subject to some pre-to-post attrition, although such attrition was comparable to a standard pre/post design. Second, analyses of completed surveys using means indicated various beneficial effects associated with the Lifelines curriculum implementation. The greatest benefit of the program was a significant change in student perceptions concerning school readiness in response to a suicidal event. Some opportunities for program improvement were also observed. Our study sheds new light on suicide prevention training programs that can be adapted according to Native American youth culture. Program implementation and evaluation implications are discussed in light of these findings.

Optimization of the building-integrated transparent photovoltaic configuration based on daylight and energy performance in school buildings in the tropics

Introduction: Numerous previous studies addressed the use of vertical facades for side lighting. They were found to be an effective daylighting aperture that helps to establish a pleasant environment, improve academic performance in schools, and promote better health. Recent studies also identified the potential for using vertical facades on high-rise buildings as building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems thanks to the large available area. In the tropics, this potential use is also supported by the availability of abundant solar energy. The technology of transparent PV (TPV) offers the opportunity to meet both needs. It serves as a side lighting aperture and building-integrated transparent photovoltaic (BITPV) depending on several factors, such as the visible transmittance (VT) value and the number of cells. For side lighting, a higher VT value is required to allow for optimal daylight penetration. However, more cell numbers and lower VT are preferable for BITPV. Previous studies found that BITPV is suggested for buildings with a window-to-wall ratio (WWR) of 45 % or more, which seems too high for tropical buildings where the suggested WWR is typically in the range of 30–40 %. Purpose of the study: This study aims to find the optimum configuration and present a systematic method for optimizing BITPV for tropical school building facades. Methods: An experimental approach using simulation as a tool was employed to achieve the objective. A site with a typical school layout in the tropics was selected as the research context. Treatment based on VT and cell numbers was applied to create several post-test models. Results and discussion: In the tropics, when using low-transparency TPV, BITPV with 31.25 % WWR and 30 % cell coverage ratio is found to provide the optimum visual health and comfort, as well as energy performance. Meanwhile, BITPV with 31.25 % WWR and 50 % cell coverage ratio is found to be the optimum configuration when using high-transparency TPV. Furthermore, this study presents a systematic method for designing BITPV for a multi-story school building in the tropics.

The Effectiveness of Using Tajwid Rule Flashcards on the Cognitive Abilities of Junior High School Students

This research aims to assess the significant differences in cognitive abilities among students before and after using the flashcard media for the rules of Tajwid in Islamic Education classes for eighth-grade students in junior high school and to evaluate the effectiveness of using flashcards for Tajwid rules on students' cognitive abilities in Islamic Education classes for eighth-grade students in junior high school. This research employs a quantitative pre-experimental approach with a one-group pre-test and post-test model. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, involving 16 eighth-grade students with specific considerations. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, which were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of descriptive analysis indicate an improvement in students' learning outcomes after using flashcards for Tajwid rules, as reflected in the increased average scores of written and oral tests from pre-tests to post-tests. Inferential analysis shows the effectiveness of using flashcards for Tajwid rules on students' cognitive abilities, as evidenced by the results of hypothesis testing. The n-gain test also indicates that the use of flashcards for Tajwid rules can be categorized as "fairly effective" with an average increase in n-gain scores of 56.9746% for written tests and 56.2785% for oral tests.

The effect of mandala coloring on anxiety and quality of life of women in the climacteric period: a randomized controlled study.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of mandala coloring on anxiety and quality of life of women in the climacteric period. This research was conducted as an experimental study based on a randomized controlled pre-test and post-test model (single-blind). The study was conducted with women in the climacteric period who presented to a training and research hospital in a western city of Turkey between November 1, 2022, and April 28, 2023. Participants were divided into mandala coloring (n=38) and control groups (n=38). According to the women's socio-demographic and descriptive characteristics, mean age, body mass index, and frequency of menopausal symptoms were similar in both groups. The mean post-test scores of the women in the mandala coloring group on the state-trait anxiety inventory and menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire vasomotor, psychosocial, physical, and sexual subscales (29.71±5.22, 0.86±0.97, 0.53±0.61, 0.79±0.84, and 0.92±1.24, respectively) were lower than the mean post-test scores of the women in the control group on the same scales (41.02±1.20, 1.79±1.76, 1.49±1.39, 1.72±1.38, and 1.95±1.82, respectively) (p=0.000). Mandala coloring reduces menopause-related anxiety levels and improves quality of life effectively.

Finite element analysis of stabilization splint pressure distribution in a patient with disc displacement without reduction: A preliminary study.

This study was performed to investigate the pattern of condylar pressure distribution in the discs of a patient diagnosed with disc displacement without reduction. This research consisted of a pre- and post-test observational clinical study. A patient diagnosed with disc displacement without reduction underwent treatment with an occlusal splint for 3 months. Finite element analysis employed a 3-dimensional model constructed from magnetic resonance images of the patient, taken both before the application of the splint and 3 months after its use. The post-test model demonstrated a decrease in condylar pressure on the disc, with measurements dropping to 72 MPa from the pre-test level of 143 MPa. In the pre-test, the pressure distribution pattern was concentrated on the lateral posterior border, whereas in the post-test, it shifted toward the intermediate zone of the disc. Utilization of a stabilization splint for 3 months resulted in decreased pressure and a marked change in the pressure distribution pattern on the temporomandibular disc.

Effectiveness of menstruation hygiene skills training for adolescents with autism

BACKGROUND Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may encounter many difficulties with their menstrual cycles. Potential challenges that adolescents with ASD may face include understanding physical changes, coping with symptoms, emotional sensitivity, communication, personal care, and hygiene. AIM To evaluate the effect of menstrual hygiene skills training given to adolescents with ASD on their menstrual hygiene skills. METHODS The study was conducted with 15 adolescents diagnosed with ASD by the single group pre-test and post-test model in three special education centers in Türkiye. Data were collected with the Adolescent and Parent Information Form and the Adolescent-Specific Menstrual Hygiene Skill Registration Form. RESULTS While the mean age of adolescents was 16.06 ± 0.88 years, the mean age of individuals responsible for adolescent care was 43.66 ± 5.56 years. While 60.0% of the adolescents noticed the onset of bleeding before training, this rate was 93.3% after training. The Adolescent-Specific Menstrual Hygiene Skill Registration Form showed a statistically significant increase in the application steps after the training. The difference between the menstrual hygiene skill scores of adolescents diagnosed with ASD before and after training was significant. CONCLUSION The menstrual hygiene skills training given to adolescents with ASD was beneficial in increasing their menstrual hygiene skills. These individuals must take responsibility during menstruation and independently manage their continuous care activities.

Islamic School Students’ Online Proselytizing Skills Enhancement through Graphic Design Learning

Islamic online proselytizing (e-dakwah) is the utilization of digital technology for motivating people to goodness based on Islamic principles, Al Qur’an and As-Sunnah. This study aims to implement a graphic design learning technology to improve students’ skills in e-dakwah, where all Muslims are obliged to carry out this virtue. The educators conducted the learning program at SMK-IT Ibnul Qayyim Islamic School (IQIS) of Makassar. The Analyze, State, Select, Utilize, Require, dan Evaluate (ASSURE) model is adopted to ensure that the learning activity is well-planned, effective, and achieves its objectives. The students' outcomes are expected to understand knowledge of graphic design and be able to create Islamic content using free apps via smartphones. They learned through a combination of lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on activities. Furthermore, the educators evaluate the learning process using multi-assessment techniques such as the pre-test, post-test model, and practical test. For the hands-on practice, the educators present it through a graphic design competition. The assessment instruments are designed based on lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) levels in Bloom's revised taxonomy. The research findings indicate a significant improvement in the students' skills quality. This achievement is expected to inspire students' creativity, prepare them to become Muslims with the spirit of inviting goodness, and limit unnecessary smartphone activities.

Uykusuzluğun Müziksel İşitme Performansına Etkisi

Sleep deprivation causes cognitive problems such as difficulty in establishing a cause-effect relationship, decreased problem-solving abilities, loss of concentration and attention. This study aims to determine the effect of sleep deprivation on interval, chord, rhythmic, melodic dictation skills and perception in students with Musical Hearing Reading and Writing (MHRW) activity, which has a high relationship with learning and memory. The experimental research was conducted with 18 students (14 men and 4 women) who volunteered to participate (Age: 22±2.1, Mean Body Mass Index: 24,6 ± 2.3). To determine the levels of effect of sleeplessness in the study group, the present experimental study made use of the pre-test – post-test model. Although the participants' pretest and post-test success levels were not statistically significant in intervals and chords (p> .05), a statistically significant decrease was found in rhythmic dictation and melodic dictation writing success levels (p < .05). These findings clearly show that sleep deprivation which negatively affected musical learning and memory consolidation significantly decreases the achievement levels of students in MHRW.

Remote Didactic Education Effectively Increases Cardiac Critical Care Nursing Staff Knowledge in Low-Resource Settings.

Background: While progress has been made to decrease mortality in children under age five, there continues to be a need for improvement in the treatment of children with congenital heart disease. Many of these patients require surgical correction and live in areas without the expertise of surgical teams. Research has shown that appropriate training is critical to ensure the best clinical outcomes. The Ethiopian government has identified the need for increased training of health care professionals as a method to improve hospital outcomes. Methods: Twenty-five cardiac critical nurses participated in a remote didactic education curriculum over the course of multiple months. We used a pre- and post-test model to evaluate knowledge acquisition and retention after the curriculum. Nurses completed post-tests at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month intervals to monitor knowledge retention over time. Results: We found a significant increase in nursing knowledge that was retained over the course of 12 months. Nursing knowledge on pre- and post-tests was impacted by experience level. However, after completion of the curriculum experience was not a significant factor. Conclusion: Virtual curriculum delivered via remote didactic education is an inexpensive and effective way to increase nursing knowledge in cardiac critical care. It encourages bidirectional learning and allows the sharing of expertise from individuals who may otherwise be limited by travel or finances. Our approach is generalizable and further research needs to be done to evaluate the effectiveness of this type of curriculum in other environments.

Evaluation of point of care ultrasound (POCUS) training on arteriovenous access assessment and cannula placement for haemodialysis.

Haemodialysis requires a permanent vascular access and relies on cannulation with two large bore needles. Point Of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is a tool that may assist nursing staff with visualising cannula placement and prevent miscannulation. This can be particularly useful in regional hospitals with limited access to vascular access specialists. To examine the impact of POCUS provision and education for nursing staff on confidence in cannulation and to understand the patient experience at three regional hospital haemodialysis units in South Australia. A POCUS machine and dedicated nursing education were provided at each of the three sites. A pre-test post-test model was used to assess the individual nurses perceived competency before and after the delivery of a series of online ultrasound education modules and face to face training. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected to understand the use of POCUS from the client perspective. There was a shift towards 'agree' or 'strongly agree' for all nursing surveys in regard to perceived competency (n = 15). This was statistically significant (p ⩽ 0.05) for all questions other than question 1 'I am confident in my ability to physically assess vascular access' (p = 0.06). The patients that completed the PROMs (n = 17) overall supported the ease and use of POCUS for haemodialysis cannulation and felt that it contributed to the nursing staff competency in cannulation. POCUS has the potential to be a valuable tool in regional haemodialysis units to support vascular access cannulation and potentially avoid metropolitan transfer due to cannulation difficulties. The non-significant change post intervention for question 1 likely reflects the haemodialysis nurses inherent pre-existing capacity to assess vascular access without the use of POCUS using the standard process of visual inspection, the use of a stethoscope and palpation ('look, listen and feel').

Investigation of the Effects of the Training Program on Negative Nutrition and Technology Addiction in Young Athletes

In this study, the effect of a training program developed for healthy nutrition, increasing physical activity and reducing technological addiction on the related behaviors and habits of young athletes was examined. In the study, which was carried out according to the pre-test post-test model with control group, the curriculum developed for the research variables in the experimental group was applied in 4 modules. In the study, no experimental application was applied to the participants in the control group. There were 30 young athletes in the experimental group and 30 young athletes in the control group. Young athletes in the experimental and control groups were equal to each other in terms of gender, age, eating habits and physical activity. 'Dutch Nutrition Behavior Scale', 'Technological Addiction Scale' and 'Physical Activity Questionnaire' were used as data collection tools in the study. According to the findings of the study, it was found that the negative nutritional behaviors and technological addiction of the athletes in the experimental group decreased, while their physical activity levels increased compared to their peers in the control group.

Implementing Differentiated Instruction in Writing Procedure Text for Grade X Students (Phase E) at SMA N 1 Wonosari, Indonesia

This research aims to know any difference of students’ ability in writing procedure text who were taught through implementation differentiation instruction and conventional teaching. Employing a mixed-method approach, this research focuses on 128 students of SMA Negeri 1 Wonosari, Boalemo Regency, Gorontalo Province as research population and 32 students of class X B, as the experimental class and X C, as the control class, respectively, as research samples. Data collection involves two methods, which are PASL survey to obtain students’ interests and learning styles, as well as an essay test. As a means of assessing the effect of the treatment on students writing, a scoring rubric proposed by Brown (2007) is utilized. Data analysis involves a statistical analysis, specifically t-test, followed by the experimental data analysis with the pre-test and post-test models. Based on the findings, the result of calculation showed the value of Tcount as 5.53 and the value of Table is 1.822. Therefore, since Tcount >Ttable, H0 is rejected, which implies that there is statistical evidence to support the presence of a significant difference in students' writing ability through the implementation of differentiated instruction. In summary, the research suggests that differentiated instruction has a positive impact on students' writing ability compared to conventional teaching methods, based on the statistical analysis and the rejection of the null hypothesis. Keywords: writing ability, differentiated instruction, mixed-method approach

The Effectiveness of Learning Cycle 5E Model toward Students’ Science Process Skills in Natural Science Subject

The Objective to be achieved is to determine the effectiveness of using the Learning Cycle 5E Model in natural science lessons in grade V of MIS Darussalam by looking at the ability of students’ science process skills in the learning and the outcomes. This study used the field research method with a one-group pre–test–post–test model. The population of this study was grade V MIS Darussalam with the sample taken from grade V A which amounted to 15 students. The data collection techniques used were tests, observation, documentation, and interviews. After all the data were collected, then the N-Gain Score test was conducted to see the level of learning effectiveness. The result obtained in this study showed that the Learning Cycle 5E model was effectively used in science subjects with the ability of students’ science process skills reaching 77% in the good category and the student learning outcomes using the Cycle 5E learning model ≥ KKM reached 80% percentage and the result of the N-Gain score obtained a value of 0.6131 which indicates that the effectiveness level of using Learning Cycle 5E model is in the Moderate category.