Post-test Knowledge Research Articles

Health promotion intervention to educate mothers of preschool children to promote wellness

Preschoolers are delicate individuals with higher rates of mortality and morbidity. Nowadays, the focus is to reduce mortality rates by focusing on risk factors, including preventable causes and elements that affect children's health. Creating an awareness among mothers in a particular community will help prevent and promote health among such children. Therefore, a study is designed to find out the effectiveness of focused intervention on health promotion among mothers of preschool children in selected urban area of Chennai. To validate the effectiveness of focused intervention a pre-test and posttest outcomes were measured to enable the wellness of preschool children. A quantitative research approach and pre-experimental design were used to gather data from 100 mothers of preschool children using convenience sampling technique. Self-structured knowledge questionnaires were used during pretest and post-test. After pretest, a focused intervention on health promotion among mothers of pre-school children was given. The outcome of the study was measured through a post-test. The data collected was analyzed, interpreted and the outcomes were reported. The average pre-test level of knowledge score of mothers was 8.22 and the average post-test knowledge score was 16.05, a significant difference (7.83). Mothers in nuclear family in the urban area having more than one child showed better outcome. Statistical significance was calculated using the chi-square test. The preliminary study’s findings support that focused intervention helps mothers to gain more knowledge that may help to maintain the health of their children. Such studies may be recommended to educate the mothers help reduce under five child mortality.

A study to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding effect of lifestyle on cardio pulmonary system among adults working in selected institute, Mangalore

Sedentary lifestyles, marked by prolonged sitting and low physical activity, are linked to various health issues such as coronary artery diseases, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-education module on the impact of lifestyle on the cardiopulmonary system among adults workers, highlighting the need for better health education and lifestyle changes. Objectives of the study: To determine the level of knowledge regarding effect of life style on cardio pulmonary system. To evaluate the effectiveness of self instructional module on level of knowledge regarding effect of life style on cardio pulmonary system. Methodology: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SIM in enhancing knowledge about lifestyle effects on cardiopulmonary system among adult workers. A one-group pre-test – post-test design was used, with 60 adults from a selected global institution in Mangalore selected. Data was collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The study found that 98.3% of adult workers had moderate knowledge about lifestyle's impact on the cardiopulmonary system, while 46.7% had adequate knowledge post-test. The self-instruction module significantly improved knowledge scores, and no association was found between pre-test knowledge scores and demographic variables. Conclusion: The study suggests that introducing lifestyle effects on cardiopulmonary system among adult workers can improve their knowledge and reduce occupational stress. The self-instructional module was found to be an effective strategy, providing information and enhancing knowledge about lifestyle modifications, without any association with pre-test knowledge scores or demographic variables.

PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI ME-HEALTH GO DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PERILAKU AGRESIF PADA SISWA REMAJA

Adolescence is a time of change in developmental and social domains which can be accompanied by behavioral problems such as aggressive behavior. Aggressiveness among adolescents can raise concerns about a teenager's mental health and is defined as a behavioral and emotional response that involves other people. Aggressive behavior can be a mental health problem for young adolescents and is defined as both behavioral and emotional in nature. Considering the importance of promoting mental health in adolescents, community service activities need to be carried out in teacher training using the me-health go application in an effort to aggressively control adolescent students at Jember High School. The training activity provided to teachers is in the form of an application called me-health go where the main focus of this application is prevention, early intervention, assessment and screening as well as additional mental health care through the application. The results of the community service activities carried out showed that of the 50 teachers who took part in training activities on using the me-health go application in an effort to control aggression among teenage students, 74% had good knowledge and 26% had sufficient knowledge. The results of the difference test using the Wilcoxon test showed that there was a difference in pretest and posttest knowledge with a p value of 0.000>0.05. Me health go is an application that helps teachers monitor adolescent mental health

Investigating the impact of a special education awareness campaign targeted at Indian parents of kids on the autistic spectrum

Childhood autism is on the rise worldwide, ranking as the third most common developmental disability, impacting almost one out of 200 schoolchildren and greater than Down syndrome. To address this issue, our study aimed to develop and assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching program. Using an evaluative approach, we sought to gauge the knowledge gained through this planned teaching initiative, focusing on preprimary teachers and parents. The study used an evaluative approach and a pretest-posttest quasiexperimental approach with 90 preprimary teachers as well as parents as participants. The study found a substantial difference in pretest and posttest knowledge levels, which supports the research hypothesis (H1). Initial findings indicated that parents had higher pretest knowledge scores (8.53) compared to preprimary teachers (8.23). However, posttest results demonstrated a reversal, with preprimary teachers exhibiting higher knowledge scores (17.51) than parents (16.45). Educational qualification emerged as a significant demographic variable associated with knowledge scores for parents. The planned teaching program increased knowledge among preprimary teachers and parents, facilitating early diagnosis as well as treatment for autistic children. The notable improvement in knowledge following the teaching program underscores its efficacy.

First aid training using virtual reality

This work considers the use of virtual reality (VR) technology to self-teach first aid training. It is known that VR provides realistic experiences to train individuals. We created interactable first aid lessons using the Unity engine and a VR interaction framework, and provided hands-on experience, with tests based on practical exercises. The VR application materials, with the first aid knowledge gathered from many government and hospital websites, consisted of 10 lessons and 7 tests. The lessons were appraised by 14 learners, resulting in a total average satisfaction score of 9.1. The post training first aid knowledge test scores increased by 35% from pre-course level. All learners reported having greater confidence, with their practical test scores improving by an average of 22% after multiple tests, demonstrating that the application could be effectively used for learning and practice purposes.

First-aid training for primary Healthcare providers on a remote Island: a mixed-methods study

BackgroundEnsuring ongoing first-aid training for primary healthcare providers (PHPs) is one of the critical strategies for providing quality health services and contributing to achieving universal health coverage. However, PHPs have received insufficient attention in terms of training and capacity building, especially in the remote areas of low-to-middle-income countries. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a first-aid training program for PHPs on a Vietnamese island and explored their perspectives and experiences regarding first-aid implementation.MethodsA mixed-methods study was conducted among 39 PHPs working in community healthcare centers. The quantitative method utilized a quasi-experimental design to evaluate participants’ first-aid knowledge at three time points: pre-training, immediately post-training, and three months post-training. Sixteen of the PHPs participated in subsequent semi-structured focus group interviews using the qualitative method. Quantitative data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), while qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsThe quantitative results showed a significant improvement in both the overall mean first-aid knowledge scores and the subdimensions of the first-aid knowledge scores among healthcare providers post-training. There was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and immediate posttest and follow-up knowledge scores (p < 0.001). However, the difference in knowledge scores between the immediate posttest and three-month follow-up was not significant (p > 0.05). Three main themes emerged from the focus group discussions: perception of first-aid in remote areas, facilitators and barriers. Participants identified barriers, including infrastructure limitations, shortage of the primary healthcare workforce, inadequate competencies, and insufficient resources. Conversely, receiving considerable support from colleagues and the benefits of communication technologies in implementing first aid were mentioned as facilitators. The training bolstered the participants’ confidence in their first-aid responses, and there was a desire for continued education.ConclusionsImplementing periodic first-aid refresher training for PHPs in a nationwide resource-limited setting can contribute significantly to achieving universal health coverage goals. This approach potentially enhances the preparedness of healthcare providers in these areas to deliver timely and effective first aid during emergencies, which may lead to more consistent primary healthcare services despite various challenges.

Pre-Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Among Adolescent Girls in Selected Hospitals of Indore

polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent disorder among females, characterized by hormonal imbalances and diverse clinical manifestations, with a global prevalence estimated between 4% and 20%. Early diagnosis and personalized management are vital for improving the quality of life for women with PCOS. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme (STP) on enhancing knowledge about PCOS among adolescent girls in selected hospitals of Indore. Employing a quantitative pre-experimental one-group pre- and post-test design, 45 adolescent girls were selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics revealed a significant increase in knowledge post-intervention. The mean post-test knowledge score (19.97 ± 2.27) significantly surpassed the pre-test score (11.5 ± 1.998), with a computed 't' value of 23.43 (p &lt; 0.001). The findings indicate that the STP effectively improved knowledge about PCOS, though no significant association was found between pre-test scores and demographic variables.

The Provison of Leaflet Media, Videos, and PowePoint on Hygiene Sanitation in Food Presentation to Increase Knowledge (Case Study on Traders in East Telukjambe District)

Introduction: Food poisoning can occur if traders do not pay attention to hygiene and sanitation in the food they sell. Good selling facilities and environment must comply with hygiene and sanitation standards, the place must have layout, floors, strong walls, adequate ventilation, adequate lighting, strong roof, and ceiling free from insects and vectors bully. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving leaflets, videos, and PowerPoint media on sanitation hygiene in food serving in increasing the knowledge of traders in Telukjambe Timur Karawang District. Method: This type of research is Quasi Experimental with the Pre-Posttest Group Design research design. In this study, it was divided into 3 groups, namely the leaflet, video, and powerpoint group and was carried out on 1-6 May 2023. The population in this study were roadside food vendors in Telukjambe Timur Karawang District with a total sample of 45 subjects selected purposively. sampling. Measurement of pretest and posttest knowledge used a questionnaire with 14 questions and then analyzed the data using the Paired t-test because the data from the three media were normally distributed. Result: The results in this study were that the p-value on leaflet media was 0.582 (&gt;0.05), on video media was 0.017 (&lt;0.05), and on PowerPoint media was 0.023 (&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is an influence on increasing the knowledge of roadside traders regarding sanitation hygiene in presentations using video and powerpoint media. Whereas in the leaflet media there is no effect on increasing the knowledge of traders.

Comparing the effects of problem- and task-based learning on knowledge and clinical decision-making of nursing students concerning the use of transfusion medicine in pediatric nursing: An educational quasi-experimental study in Iran

BackgroundIn the pediatric care field, ensuring safe and effective blood transfusions, promptly identifying adverse reactions, and implementing appropriate interventions are crucial. Therefore, undergraduate nursing curricula need to be structured to meet these professional standards and prepare nursing students, as future team members, to respond to relevant clinical situations. The objective of this study was to investigate how problem- and task-based learning affects knowledge and clinical decision-making of undergraduate nursing students concerning the use of transfusion medicine in pediatric nursing. Material and methodsThis quasi-experimental study involved 82 nursing students recruited from two nursing schools in Iran using convenience sampling. Participants received educational content through either problem- (n = 40) or task-based learning (n = 42) methods. A researcher-made tool, comprising three parts and proven to be valid and reliable, was utilized for data collection. The tool was administered both before and immediately after the intervention. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman's correlation and multivariate analysis of covariance tests via SPSS v16.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant for all tests. ResultsThe median post-test knowledge and clinical decision-making scores within problem- and task-based learning groups were 62.68 vs. 74.65 and 53.33 vs. 76.67, respectively. Significant differences were observed between the mean pre- and post-test scores of both variables within both intervention groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that task-based learning resulted in significant differences between the two groups in terms of knowledge (F = 87.9 %, p = 0.002, Eta2 = 0.114) and clinical decision-making (F = 99.9 %, p < 0.001, Eta2 = 0.271). ConclusionsGiven the greater effectiveness of task-based learning, nursing schools are advised to utilize this method in undergraduate nursing curricula to ensure the adequacy of the clinical skills acquired by nursing students prior to graduation.

Integrating Speech-Language Pathologists Into Primary Care to Improve Early Identification of Developmental Concerns: A Brief Report

Purpose: Many young children in need of early intervention are not identified in a timely manner. This preliminary study explored the emerging role of speech-language pathologists (SLPs), providing training to improve the use of developmental screening in pediatric primary care. Method: A quantitative, descriptive methodology with a one-group pretest, posttest interventional design was utilized to assess the impact of an SLP-led educational intervention on the knowledge of 17 paraprofessional medical support personnel to administer a standardized developmental screening tool. Results: Data analysis revealed a significant increase on knowledge posttest scores from pretest scores. Conclusion: SLPs providing educational training in pediatric primary care is an important first step in identifying solutions to improving the early identification of children with developmental concerns.

A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self-instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Risk factors and prevention of Peptic Ulcer Disease Among Adults in a Selected Rural Areas of Udaipur

Background and Objectives: Prevention of peptic ulcer disease is an important determinant of health over the course of life. The early years of life are a period of considerable opportunity for growth or vulnerability to harm. Therefore, it is of great importance that an adult should be aware about the risk factors and various ways to prevent peptic ulcer disease as possible This study aimed to assess the knowledge of adults regarding risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer disease among selected rural areas of Udaipur. Method: A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. The study involved 50 adults with in a selected rural area at Udaipur. Data collection included pre-test and post-test assessments of knowledge, demographic surveys, and statistical analysis to evaluate knowledge changes and associations. The self-instructional module was distributed and covered the following areas like: Introduction, Definition, Causes, Risk factors &amp; Prevention. The effectiveness was measured by comparing pre-test and post-test scores, and associations were analyzed using chi-square tests. Results: The data revels that 60% of adult had inadequate knowledge, 24% had moderately adequate knowledge and only 16% had adequate knowledge in pre-test and that 68% had adequate knowledge 14% had moderately adequate knowledge and only 18% had inadequate knowledge in post-test. After the intervention, majority (34%) of adults had good knowledge level whereas during pre-test only (8%) of adults had good knowledge Before intervention the mean knowledge score was 20.22. After intervention, the mean knowledge score was increased to 22.37. Statistically there was a significant difference in the mean knowledge score before and after the intervention (t = 10.95*, df = 19, P&lt;0.05). Hence the hypothesis, there will be a significant difference in the pre and post-test mean knowledge score after the intervention was accepted. The data concluded that, there was a significant increase in the mean knowledge score after intervention because of self-instructional module Interpretation and Conclusion: The study revealed that the self-instructional module was effective in improving the knowledge regarding the prevention of peptic ulcers Keywords: Peptic Ulcer Disease, Self-Instructional Module, Knowledge, Risk factor

PERINEUM MASSAGE EDUCATION TO EMPOWER PREGNANT WOMEN IN PREVENTING PERINEAL RUPTURE AT PENELEH PUBLICH HEALTH CENTER SURABAYA 2023

The three highest causes of maternal death in Indonesia, which is bleeding. Severe perineal rupture or what is called OASIS can cause bleeding that can lead to death. This community service activity aims to provide education about perineal massage to empower pregnant women to prevent perineal rupture at the Peneleh Public Health Center, Surabaya in 2023. Partnership programs are needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets. The problem faced by partners is that even though pregnancy classes are running, they do not yet provide material on preventing perineal rupture and practicing perineal massage so mothers do not have an understanding of techniques for preventing perineal rupture. Apart from that, health workers have not mastered perineal massage techniques so they cannot provide their knowledge to pregnant women. Activities are carried out in the form of providing material and practice. The evaluation was carried out by administering a pretest and posttest for knowledge and assessment of perineal massage skills for pregnant women and health workers. The evaluation method used was the ability of pregnant women to perform phantom perineal massage exercises. Pregnant women are said to be able to do this if they can do it correctly. Providing education related to perineal massage can increase the knowledge and skills of pregnant women thereby supporting the prevention of bleeding. Suggestions for community health centers to improve education so that pregnant women are ready to do it independently at home and provide support to health workers to provide education to pregnant women.

Introducing Green, Eco-Friendly Practices and Circular Economy Principles in Vocational Education Through a Novel Analysis-Synthesis Method: Design, Implementation and Evaluation

Purpose: A novel, Project- and Collaborative Learning-based educational method is proposed, implemented and evaluated in this paper. The aim is to exploit hands-on laboratory modules in Vocational Education in order to experientially introduce students to green, eco-friendly practices and the principles of sustainability and circular economy. Besides their apparent individual and social benefits, such knowledge and skills are also expected to raise qualifications and employability of Vocational Education graduates. Methods: The proposed method is tested through a quasi-experimental methodology, via an educational intervention with a class of Vocational Lyceum students, in the field of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. The learning content focuses on the reclaiming and reuse of operational components from damaged electrical/electronic equipment at end-of-life stage. Through repeated Analysis and Synthesis phases, students learn to extract, measure, classify and reuse operational components either to repair similar equipment or to design and construct novel devices. Results: Evaluation is carried out via closed and open type activities as well as by observation sheets of the teacher. Learning outcomes are evaluated through knowledge post-tests of the closed type while social/emotional outcomes are evaluated through questionnaires. Evaluation results indicate that the proposed method does produce cognitive and social/emotional skills gains for the students. The development of metacognitive skills and the stimulation of imagination and innovative thinking in the students is also observed by the teacher, but not formally evaluated due to practical constraints. Conclusions: The proposed method is implemented and pilot-tested with positive results both as to the cognitive and as to the social/emotional domain – yet, these results are of an indicative value, due to the limited scale of the educational intervention. Future research is necessary in order to evaluate the proposed method in extent and possibly compare results across education grades or engineering fields, as the method is generic enough to be easily adaptable for different ages/grades and engineering/technical fields of study.

Development and evaluation of a training program on non-communicable diseases to empower community health workers in rural India

ObjectiveWe developed and evaluated a training program for Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), female community health workers (CHWs) in India, on non-communicable diseases (NCDs). MethodsA 5-day training program, developed using government-approved manuals, was tested in a randomised controlled trial in the Tehri-Garhwal district. Quantitative comparisons were undertaken using Student's t-test and two-way ANOVA. ASHAs in the intervention group were asked questions about new skills learnt. ResultsThirty-six ASHAs (20 intervention, 16 controls) participated (response rate 75.0%). Mean pre-test knowledge score was 43.3/100 points (95% CI 36.7–49.9) for the intervention group and 44.4 (38.9–49.9) for controls. The mean post-test knowledge score increased more in the intervention group (48.5-point increase; P < 0.0001), than in controls (9.8-point increase, P = 0.016; ANOVA interaction term (time*allocation) P < 0.0001). ASHAs in the intervention group reported learning new skills for detecting NCDs. ConclusionThe training program increased knowledge of ASHAs on NCDs and improved their skills to detect NCDs. Our development and testing process for this training program, coupled with open-source resources, fosters innovation and collaboration in managing NCDs in LMICs. InnovationOur novel and adaptable training program incorporates interactive elements, case studies, and real-world scenarios to augment routine communication between ASHAs and community members for preventing NCDs.

The impact of applying unfolding case-study learning on critical care nursing students' knowledge, critical thinking, and self-efficacy; a quasi-experimental study

BackgroundThe unfolding case-study learning approach is a growing modernized learning strategy implemented in different health disciplines. However, there is a lack of existing research that examines the effects of unfolding case studies in advanced nursing courses. AimTo examine the impact of applying an unfolding case-study learning approach on critical care nursing students' knowledge, critical thinking, and self-efficacy. MethodsThis posttest-only, quasi-experimental study was conducted at XXX University in Palestine. A single-stage cluster sampling was used to assign nursing students enrolled in the critical care nursing course into experiment and conventional groups. The intervention group (n= 91) underwent unfolding case-study learning for selected cardiovascular topics, whereas the conventional group (n= 78) was taught using the traditional teaching methods. The posttest assessment was conducted using Knowledge Acquisition tests, Yoon`s Critical Thinking Disposition Instrument (YCTD), and the Self-Efficacy for Learning and Performance instruments. The Social Constructivist Theoretical Framework was integrated into the study. ResultsHomogeneity was achieved between both groups concerning Age, Gender, and GPA. The experiment group scored significantly higher than the conventional group regarding the posttest knowledge acquisition tests (7.12 vs. 5.49, respectively, t=-12.7, P<0.001, CI: −1.89 to −1.38), critical thinking (4.32 vs. 3.63 respectively, t=17.390, p<0.001, CI: −77 to −61) and self-efficacy (6.12 vs. 4.4 respectively, t=-30.897, p<0.001, CI: −1.82 to −1.60). Multivariate analysis revealed that 69 % of the variations of posttest scores were influenced by critical thinking scores (Adjusted R Squared=0.690, F=3.47, P=0002, η2=0.969). Similarly, self-efficacy has been shown to contribute by 74 % to the variations of scores after conducting the study program (Adjusted R Squared=0.743, F=4.21, P=0001, η2=0.974). However, the variations of both critical thinking and self-efficacy scores were not significantly influenced by the contribution of knowledge acquisition (p=0.772 and 0.857, respectively) and students’ GPA (p=0.305 and 0.956, respectively). ConclusionsIrrespective of knowledge level and GPA, the unfolding case-study learning approach can enhance the critical thinking and self-efficacy of students enrolling in advanced nursing courses.

Evaluating the Impact of a Structured Teaching Program on Maternal Knowledge of Weaning Diets for Children Aged 6 Months to 2 Years

Beginning with supplementation, weaning continues until the child is totally off breast milk. Indian babies are entirely breastfed till six months, and their growth is usually good. Breast milk alone cannot support growth after six months. Breast milk cannot provide enough calories and nutrients for growing newborns as it diminishes. Fruit juice supplementation is necessary since breast milk lacks vitamin C. Since a child’s liver stores iron for only 4-6 months, iron-rich foods should be offered after six months. Vitamin D is absent from breast milk. Starting additional meals around six months helps the youngster grow and stay healthy. This was a pre-experimental study (one group pre- and post-test). The sample included 100 moms from Mokhumpur, Dehradun. Study participants were selected via convenient sampling. Data was collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The pre-test showed that 15% (15) of mothers had inadequate weaning diet knowledge, 80% (80) had intermediate knowledge, and 5% (5) had adequate knowledge. After the intervention (a structured teaching program), 23% (23) had moderate knowledge, and 77% (77) had adequate understanding. Post-test knowledge scores (M = 21.86, SD = 2.98) were 7.09 points higher than pre-test scores (M = 14.77, SD = 3.59). The t-test value (t(99) = 26.660) and p-value (&lt;0.001) indicate statistical significance (p-value &lt; 0.05).

Educational Intervention on Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge and Attitude among Adolescent Girls in Dehradun: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Adolescence embodies the complex biological changes of human growth, featuring swift physical and psychological maturation toward adult form. Remarkably, many girls undergo puberty before seven, with black girls often experiencing it earlier than white peers. The study aims to assess the impact of educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls at selected schools in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The study revealed that the pretest knowledge score had a mean of 15.94 with a standard deviation 5.55. In contrast, the post-test knowledge score significantly increased, with a mean of 17.66 and a standard deviation of 5.35. The mean difference of 1.722 between the pretest and post-test scores was statistically significant, as indicated by the t-value of 19.259 (p &lt; 0.01). The pretest attitude score had a mean of 12.56 with a standard deviation of 2.48. In contrast, the post-test attitude score exhibited a notable increase, with a mean of 15.38 and a standard deviation of 3.26. The mean difference (MD) of 2.82 between the pretest and post-test scores was found to be highly statistically significant, as indicated by the t-value of 10.759 (p &lt; 0.001). Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected, and the alternate hypothesis is accepted. Notably, fathers’ educational status and family income emerged as significant factors. Furthermore, habitat and fathers’ educational status emerged as significant influencers of attitudes.

Effectiveness of using concept mapping by dental students in the radiographic interpretation of jaw diseases.

Interpretation of dental radiographs is a difficult process, particularly for inexperienced students. This study introduced concept mapping for dental students to help in the radiographic interpretation of common jaw lesions. We aimed to analyze the efficacy of the concept map (CM) in radiographic interpretation, with a discussion of the diagnostic reasoning dilemma. This study included 39 dental students. After a 1-h class for CM guidance and based on three group discussions and one-on-one feedback, the students completed and submitted CMs for three jaw diseases (ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, and simple bone cyst). All participants underwent a pretest and posttest of knowledge and diagnosis; all students but one completed an open-ended questionnaire regarding the use of CMs. Concept mapping effectively improved diagnostic accuracy. The participants' posttest scores were better than their pretest scores in both knowledge and diagnostic tests. Most of the students attempted radiographic interpretation through analytic reasoning. The time required for the students to draw a CM varied from student to student from 3-5h to 1-3 days. This study shows that CMs can improve the radiographic diagnostic ability of dental students by providing a framework for analytic reasoning. Continuous research is warranted to improve the effectiveness of CM in oral radiographic interpretation in the dental student's class.

Learning Package impact on awareness about danger signs of pregnancy

Background: All pregnant women by virtue of their pregnant status face some level of maternal risk. Data suggest that around 40% of all pregnant women have some complications. Therefore, present study aims to assess effectiveness of learning package on awareness regarding danger signs of pregnancy. Method: Pre experimental research design with Quantitative approach was applied to conduct the study. A sample of 120 antenatal women selected for the study through non probability purposive sampling technique. Results: The mean pretest knowledge score was 13.52 ± 2.62, whereas mean posttest knowledge score was 24.52 ± 3.83. The post-test mean value knowledge score among antenatal women was significantly higher than the pretest knowledge score. The mean difference was 11 The paired student “t” test value was 33.67 which was significant at p=0.05 level. The findings revealed that there was no significant association between knowledge score with selected demographic variables of the antenatal women. Conclusion: Findings of our study strongly recommend the need for conducting learning program to increase the awareness regarding danger signs of pregnancy among antenatal women.

“A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Evidence Based Practice in Labour Practices among Final Year Bsc Nursing Students at Selected College of Nursing, Mysuru.”

Pregnancy-related complications are the second global leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. In 2015, approximately 3,03,000 maternal deaths occurred worldwide, most of which could have been prevented. The application of evidence-based practices in labour at maternity units has shown changes in pregnancy and labour outcomes, hence the researcher undertaken this study. Methods: The research approach adopted for the present study was pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. The 60 samples were selected by nonprobability purposive sampling technique. The self-structured knowledge questionnaires were used to gather the data. The data was analyzed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: In the pre-test the overall mean percentage of knowledge score was 50.66% with mean and SD of 15.20±1.48 and in post-test the mean percentage of post-test knowledge was 91.76% with mean and SD of 27.53±1.17. The mean difference was 12.33 with SD of 1.90. The calculated paired ‘t’ test value was 50.24 at the degree of freedom 59, the p value was 0.0001. There was no significant association between the demographic variables with pretest knowledge score. Interpretation and Conclusion: The video assisted teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge of the samples regarding evidence-based practices in labor. The study recommends to conduct a study on use of evidence-based practices among staff nurses in labor room.