Posttest Anxiety Research Articles

Activity based group therapy reduces maternal anxiety in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - a prospective cohort study

BackgroundA large proportion of mothers in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) experience psychological distress, which is associated with adverse infant and parenting outcomes. Interventions addressing maternal anxiety in the NICU are scarce. AimsTo assess the effect of activity based group therapy on maternal anxiety in the NICU when compared to a control group. Study designThe study was a prospective phase lag cohort study. In Phase 1 the control group was recruited and assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) once at recruitment and again 4 weeks later. In phase 2, mothers were invited to take part in activity-based groups of 1 h duration once a week for 4 weeks. The STAI-S was administered before and after every group session. SubjectsMothers of babies admitted in the NICU who consented to participate, had a working knowledge of Tamil or English and were likely to stay for 4 weeks for the treatment were included. Outcome measuresState anxiety assessed using the STAI-S. ResultsSeventeen mothers each in the control and experimental groups completed the study. In the experimental group, there was a significant reduction in the post-test anxiety scores when compared to the pre-test in the first (p = 0.005), third (p = 0.07) and fourth (p = 0.009) sessions. The post-test anxiety scores of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p = 0.009). ConclusionActivity based group therapy is effective as an intervention in reducing maternal anxiety in the NICU. SummaryAnxiety in mothers of infants admitted in the NICU has been associated with adverse infant and parenting outcomes. This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of an activity based group intervention to reduce anxiety levels in mothers in the NICU. The study was a prospective phase lag cohort study. Anxiety levels were assessed in mothers in the control group at recruitment and then 4 weeks later. In the intervention group, activity based group sessions were conducted once a week for 4 weeks. State anxiety was assessed before and after every group session. In the intervention group the anxiety levels were significantly lower in the post-test, when compared to the pre-test. Also the number of mothers suffering from moderate to severe anxiety and the anxiety scores in the post-test were significantly lower in the intervention group when compared to the control group. We conclude that activity based group sessions are effective in reducing the state anxiety in mothers in the NICU. Improving maternal psychological wellbeing may indirectly contribute to better infant outcomes.

Elektif operasyon planlanan hastaların premedikasyon odasında bekleme sürelerinin anksiyete seviyelerine etkisi

Objective: Pre-operative fear and anxiety at different levels is seen in many patients in the preoperative period. This research is intended to determine whether the prolonged pre-operative waiting periods in the premedication room affect the patients’ anxiety levels. Material and Methods: After the ethics committee consent was obtained from the hospital where the study was conducted, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) FORM TX Pre-test form was completed to measure the situational anxiety of the patients, using face-to-face interviews at the first moments when the patient is taken into the room. While the patients were being taken to the operating room, the post-test survey form and a patient introductory information form were completed. Questionnaire Evaluation: Scores on the STAI FORM TX pre-test and post-test can range between 20 and 80 theoretically. High scores refer high levels of anxiety, and low scores refer low levels of anxiety. The average level of anxiety determined in applications varies between 36 and 41. Results: This study included 250 patients (110 female and 140 male) with a median age of 43.1±15.7. The pre-operative STAI pre-test score average of the patients was 40.8±5.1, while their post-test score average was 40.9±4.9. There was no statistically significant difference between the anxiety level scores of the STAI FORM TX pre-test and post-test (p=0.868). When the relationship between the age groups and STAI FORM TX (pre-test) differences were examined, the median anxiety scores of the younger age group (15–30 years) were found to be significantly lower (p=0.004) than that of the middle age group (46–60 years). The STAI FORM TX pre-test score averages of the university graduates were found to be statistically significantly lower (p=0.006) than those of the patients who were only literate, when the STAI FORM TX pre-test averages of the individuals in the sample group were compared according to the educational status. The STAI FORM TX pre-test (p=0.001) and post-test (p=0.033) anxiety scores of the single participants were found to be statistically significantly lower than those of the married participants, when the mean scores of anxiety levels according to the marital status of the patients were examined. It was also found that STAI FORM TX pre-test score averages of the patients who responded to the question, “How did you find the premedication room?” with the answer, “Good,” were higher than that of the patients responding to it with the answer, “Boring” (p=0.005). When the patients were asked about factors that could reduce their stress, 42.4% replied “being accompanied by a relative,” 28% replied “watching tv,” and 20.8% replied “listening to music.” Conclusion: All patients who were hospitalized for surgery were found to have anxiety and distress according to STAI FORM TX pre-test and post-test averages. However, the patients’ prolonged waiting periods in the premedication room did significantly change their anxiety levels. The higher the patients’ levels of education were, the less anxiety they experienced. This suggests that higher education leads to a better understanding and interpretation of information about their disease, which positively affects the feelings of educated patients. The married patients’ levels of anxiety may have been higher than those of the single patients due to feelings of responsibility as parents. In order to reduce the patients’ anxiety, it is suggested that they may be accompanied by a relative or allowed to relax with TV or music broadcasts.

A STUDY TO ASSESS EFFECTIVENESS OF FOOT REFLEXOLOGY ON ANXIETY OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, KARAD.

Objectives: (1) To assess the level of anxiety among experimental and control groups of patients undergoing hemodialysis. (2) To determine the effectiveness of foot reflexology on anxiety among experimental group of patients undergoing hemodialysis. (3) To find the association between level of anxiety and selected sociodemographical variables among experimental and control groups of patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods: The research approach adopted for this study was an evaluative approach, where the research design was a quasi-experimental design. The study was conducted in the dialysis unit in Krishna Hospital, Karad. The sample consists of 40 patients undergoing hemodialysis and further assigned to 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. A convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample. The experimental group received foot reflexology twice in a week for 3 consecutive weeks and each session lasted for 20 minutes where a control group followed hospital routine management. The data were collected by structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The mean post-test anxiety score in the experimental group was 16.6, and in the control group, it was 22.55, which was significantly greater. The t-test value was 3.50 and was found significant at p<0.001 level. The values revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in a level of anxiety between the experimental and control groups in the post-test.Conclusion: The study results show that the foot reflexology was effective to reduce the level of anxiety.

Decisional Regret in Women Receiving High-Risk Results From Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Screening [24B

INTRODUCTION: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) panels have expanded rapidly from limited aneuploidy screening for trisomy 21 to expanded screening for aneuploidies and abnormalities, including sex chromosome aneuploidies and, recently, microdeletions. This study sought to understand the experiences of women receiving NIPT results and the effect of high-risk, false, or inconclusive results on maternal anxiety and pursuit of additional testing. METHODS: 40 semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with women who were currently or had recently been pregnant and received high risk (n=15), false positive/negative (n=19), or inconclusive (n=5) results from NIPT. RESULTS: Many women felt deceived by the advertised “99% accuracy” statistic of NIPT and asserted that much of their post-test anxiety could have been prevented by improved pre-test counseling. Several women felt pressured by providers to terminate, and most felt pressured to pursue invasive diagnostic testing. False results from NIPT had significant lasting effects the remainder of their pregnancies, their willingness to have more children, and their openness to doing NIPT again. Most women would not do NIPT in future pregnancies or would only do it if the panel was smaller. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest significant concerns about how clinical practices are integrating NIPT. Study participants indicate problems with the dialogue when NIPT is offered, the return of results, and the positive predictive value of expanded screenings. Given the confusion about NIPT accuracy, the prevalence of follow-up invasive tests, and the large number of women who regret doing NIPT, NIPT offering and the delivery of results need to be carefully approached.

The application of podcasting as an instructional tool to improve Turkish EFL learners’ speaking anxiety

The present study was designed to investigate: (a) the effect of podcasts in EFL students’ oral performance, (b) the effect of podcasts in EFL students’ speaking anxiety, (c) the relationship between speaking anxiety and oral performance, and (d) EFL students’ perceptions of using podcasts. This study was conducted in a high school in Istanbul, Turkey. The students in two ninth-grade classes in the subject school were given the anxiety questionnaire, consisting of 24 items related to general foreign language class anxiety and in-class activities. A total of 30 students with the highest anxiety levels were chosen among these students. The oral performances of these students were evaluated through the Test of Spoken English and the students were also interviewed about their speaking anxiety and their oral performances. For 12 weeks, the control group followed the course book and did the speaking activities in it, while the experimental group created podcasts in addition to those activities. At the end of 12 weeks, the participants were given the anxiety post-test, the post-interview, and the oral performance post-test. The perceptions of the students in the experimental group of podcasts were examined through three interviews during the study. The results of the study showed that students who used podcasts had higher oral performance and lower speaking anxiety levels than the students who didn’t use podcast; and there was a negative relationship between the participants’ oral performances and speaking. The analysis of the interviews on podcasts revealed that the students believed podcasts helped them feel not or less anxious, and more confident; improve their oral performances and pronunciation; and expand their vocabulary.

Music Therapy with the Use of Gospel Songs in Reducing the Anxiety of Primigravid Mothers During the Third Trimester

Introduction: Pregnancy can place a woman’s life into various instances that can induce anxiety. This anxiety can then cause serious complications that may occur throughout gestation. Hence, this study introduced music therapy as an intervention and evaluated its effectiveness in managing anxiety among third trimester primigravid mothers. Method: A pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design was employed among 50 primigravid mothers in their third trimester of pregnancy that were divided into control (25) and experimental (25) groups. The experimental group received health education and music therapy that was given thirty minutes a day thrice a week for two weeks while the control group only received routine health teaching. Post-test anxiety was collected after two weeks for both groups. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), a 21-item standardized questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.736 was used to measure the variables in the study. Power analysis showed a power of 1.00 with a large effect size of 2.08 at a= 0.05. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance were utilized as measures to determine the effectiveness of the therapy. Results & Discussion: The results showed a significant difference (p=0.0001) between the pre- and post-test scores of both groups. Furthermore, a significant difference (p=0.0001) was noted between the post-test anxiety scores of both groups. Music therapy especially containing gospel songs is an effective way in alleviating the anxiety experienced by primigravid women who are in their third trimester of pregnancy

A study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Dick Read Method on Management of Labour Pain and Anxiety among Primigravida Mothers in K. G. Hospital, Coimbatore

Everyone's labour is different and it is not really possible to pinpointing when it begins. The feel of labour was different from one to other and it depends on whether she had a baby before, how the women perceives and responds to pain and how prepared for labour. Quasi experimental deign was used. Forty samples were selected using non probability convenience sampling technique from labour room of K G Hospital Coimbatore. Pre test was done at the time of anenatal visit at 37–39 weeks of gestation by using Spielberger state anxiety inventory scale, followed by education regarding events in stages of labour (dilatation of cervix, uterine contraction and retraction and formation of bag of membrane), nutrition, hygiene and breathing exercises during labour and to reassure at first stage of labour in order to alleviate pain and anxiety. Post test was done during labour on anxiety and pain. Result shows that there is a difference between the pretest and posttest anxiety levels (2.92 > 2.093) of the primigravida mothers, there is a difference between the experimental and control group anxiety levels of the primigravida mothers. There is a significant difference between pain scores of primigravida mothers in experimental and control group. The value (0.75) shows that there is a positive correlation between the values of pain and anxiety among the primigravida mothers in experimental group. It explores the concept of child birth education in OBG nursing.

Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) on Knowledge and Pre Procedural Anxiety Level of Patients Undergoing Mammography AIMS, Kochi

It has been suggested that establishing a pathology data pool promotes An experimental study to identify the effectiveness of Video assisted teaching (VAT) on knowledge and pre-procedural anxiety level of patients undergoing mammography was conducted in Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi. The objectives of the study were to 1) evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge among patients undergoing mammography, 2) evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on pre procedural anxiety among patients undergoing mammography, 3) find the association between knowledge among patients undergoing mammography and selected demographic variables, 4) find the association between pre procedural anxiety among patients undergoing mammography and selected demographic variables. The hypotheses of the study were H01: There is no significant difference in the knowledge level of patients undergoing mammography before and after the administration of Video assisted teaching between the experimental group and control group. H02: There is no significant difference in the pre procedural anxiety level of patients undergoing mammography before and after the administration of Video assisted teaching between the experimental group and control group. Research methodology: The design used for the study was true experimental design. The study was conducted among 60 subjects (30 each in experimental and control group) who met the eligibility criteria using simple random sampling. The demographic data and level of knowledge regarding mammography were assessed using structured questionnaire, data regarding the level of anxiety related to mammography was assessed using Becks anxiety inventory. Results: Breast self examination were occasionally performed by 14(46.7%) women in the experimental group and 3(10%) in the control group. Majority of the patients both in the experimental 18(60%) and control group 17 (56.7%) received information regarding mammography through mass media. The mean post test knowledge score (19.06) of the subjects in the experimental group was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the mean post test knowledge score (6.3) of control group. Hence the null hypothesis was rejected and alternative hypothesis was accepted, with the inference that video assisted teaching was effective in improving the knowledge on mammography. The mean post test anxiety score (17.4) of the subjects in the experimental group was significantly lower (p<0.001) than the mean pre test anxiety score (27.24) of control group. Hence the null hypothesis was rejected and alternative hypothesis was accepted, with the inference that video assisted teaching was effective in reducing pre procedural anxiety level of patients undergoing mammography. The level of knowledge on mammography was significantly higher among educated (p<0.001), employed (p 0.002<0.05), residing in urban area (p 0.016< 0.05), breast self examination (p 0.002< 0.01) and previous knowledge on mammography (p 0.035<0.05). The pre procedural anxiety on mammography was significantly higher among patients with family history of breast cancer (p 0.047< 0.05) and family history of other cancer (p 0.007 < 0.01). Conclusion: With proper education, knowledge on mammography can be enhanced and anxiety can be reduced. Creating an awareness among the mothers undergoing mammography will not only help them to undergo the procedure at the earliest but also will help in transferring their knowledge to a similar group, ultimately resulting in early detection and control of breast cancer.

Pengaruh Terapi Ayat Al-Qu’an Terhadap Ansietas Pada Mahasiswa Yang Sedang Mengerjakan Skripsi Di STIKes Ceria Buana

Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling, uneasy, worried and agitated at students who are doing skripsi. Usually there are some efforts undertaken handling as psychotherapy, psikofarmaka, psychosocial, and psikoreligius. In this study, non-pharmacological therapy is used to reduce anxiety, one of them with distraction techniques and relaxation with the therapeutic use of sound recordings al-quran which dilbacakan by a qori. Ayat al-quran hormones can reduce stress hormones, activates natural endorphins, increases the feeling of relaxation and distraction of fear, anxiety and tension, improve the system of body chemistry that lowers blood pressure and slows respiration, heart rate, pulse, and brain wave activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is influence quran verses therapy for anxiety in students who are working on the thesis. This type of research is pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest. the study population is the entire nursing students working on theses. Samples in this study were 25 respondents taken by purposive sampling. The statistical test used was paired T-test with normal data distribution. The research result shows the distribution of data from the pretest and posttest on nursing students STIKes Ceria Buana experiencing anxiety is normal that value is -0.987 (pretest) and -0.129 (posttest). The change of pretest and posttest anxiety that have a significance level of p = 0.000 (p = <0.05). Al-quran verses therapy has an effect on anxiety in students who work on the thesis, this proves quran verses therapy can provide distraction and relaxation effect against anxiety. In understanding the impact verse the al-qur'an to the decrease of anxiety can be used as a non pharmacological management, it is advisable to further researchers can conduct research on the type of verse al-qur'an others.

The Effect of Collaborative Work on Improving Speaking Ability and Decreasing Stress of Iranian EFL Learners

This study aimed to explore the effect of collaborative learning on improving speaking ability and decreasing stress of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, after the administration of the Solution Placement Test (Edwards, 2007), a total of 60 female intermediate EFL learners were selected out of a population pool of 80 studying at a private language institute in Iran. Their age range was between 18 and 22 and they were randomly assigned to two groups of control and experimental (N=30). Participants in experimental group were given some collaborative tasks, they needed to work in groups and those in control group were given the same tasks but they had to do them individually. Each group did the tasks in six sessions. In order to examine the effect of collaborative learning on improving speaking ability, an oral interview was conducted before and after the treatment with all the participants in each group. Furthermore, to examine the effect of collaborative learning on decreasing stress, pre- and post-anxiety tests were administered to the participants. The results of the independent-sample t-test analysis for oral interview revealed that the participants in experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of speaking ability. Also, the results of the independent-sample t-test analysis for anxiety posttest revealed that the participants in experimental group had less stress after doing collaborative activities. The attitudes of the participants were explored through a questionnaire which was given to all the participants in the experimental group. The analysis of the responses demonstrated that they had positive attitudes towards collaborative learning. This study offers some implications for EFL teachers, learners, and curriculum designer DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s1p274

Effects of progressive relaxation exercises on anxiety and comfort of Turkish breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and by far the most frequent cancer among women. This study was conducted to observe the effect of progressive relaxation exercises on anxiety and comfort level of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. A control group pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental model was applied with experimental (30) and control (30) groups, who agreed to participate in this study. Data collection was with the "Personnel Information Form, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and General Comfort Scale". The average age of the patients that participated in the study was 49.1±7.96 years. Eighty-three point three percent (n=25) of the patients in the experiment group and 86.7 (n=26) percent of patients in control group were married. Patient state of anxiety post-test mean scores were 36.2±8.21 in the experimental group and 43.4±7.96 in the control group, the difference being statistically significant (p<0.05). The general comfort scale post-test mean scores were 149.5±13.9 in the experimental group and 137.7±15.0 in the control group, again statistically significant (p<0.05). Progressive relaxation exercises positively affect patient comfort and anxiety levels in Turkey.

Effectiveness of Picture Book on Preoperative Anxiety among Children (6–12 Years) in Selected Hospitals at Mangalore

Surgery can be a threatening experience for everyone, especially for children. Children are more vulnerable for anxiety due to their lack of knowledge of procedures, a lack of perceived control, a lack of explanation in childappropriate terms, and a lack of pain management. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of picture book on preoperative anxiety among children (6–12 years). A Quasi experimental pre-test post-test control group design was used and purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the total 30 preoperative children. Hamilton anxiety rating scale was used to assess the preoperative anxiety in children. The results shown that, experimental group (80%) had severe anxiety and control group (60%) had moderate to severe anxiety in pre test and during post test highest percentage of subjects in the experimental group (53.33%) had mild to moderate anxiety while comparing to control group. The mean post-test anxiety level (24.8±2.98) was lowered than the pre-test anxiety level (32.86±3.29), t(14)=2.15, p<0.05. The mean post-test level of anxiety in experimental group (24.8±2.98) was significantly lower than the mean post-test anxiety level of the control group (30.07±2.96), t(28)=2.05, p<0.05. Hence it is revealed that picture book found effective in reducing the preoperative anxiety among children.

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique in Terms of Anxiety and Physiological Parameters of Antenatal Mothers with Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

The study sought to assess the level of anxiety and selected physiological parameters of antenatal mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) to find out the relationship between anxiety and selected physiological parameters, to determine the association between anxiety and selected demographic variables, to determine the association between anxiety and selected physiological parameters and demographic variables. The study was based on selfcare concept by Dorothy Orem. A pre-test – post-test control group design was adopted for the study, which was conducted in St Stephens Hospital, Delhi. The sample consisted of 60 antenatal mothers with PIH, 30 each in experimental and control groups. The tools used were a structured interview schedule, state anxiety inventory scale (Speilberger’s STAI – Standardised tool), structured observation schedule. The study showed that the mean post-test anxiety score was lower than mean pre-test score of antenatal mothers with PIH in experimental group and the mean post-test anxiety scores of experimental group of antenatal mothers was lower than the mean post-test anxiety score of control group, proving the effectiveness of relaxation technique in reducing the anxiety of antenatal mothers. But there was no significant relationship between anxiety and selected variables in terms of age, education, parity and period of gestation. It is recommended that similar studies may be conducted using other complementary therapies like yoga, music therapy, massage therapy, hydrotherapy, aroma therapy etc. and in different settings.

Effectiveness of Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Anxiety, Depression and Glycemic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing anxiety and depression and glycemic control in children with type I diabetes. Methods and Matherials: The study was quasi- experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with control group. For this purpose, 30 children with diabetes were selected from Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad. The children were randomly assigned into two experimental group (15) and control group (15). The experimental group was undergone eight 2-hour sessions of cognitive-behavioral training. Before and after the intervention, the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, which included four components of social anxiety, physical symptoms, harm avoidance, and separation anxiety, and Children Depression Inventory was administrated in both groups. Results: The findings from the covariance analysis test revealed that depression and anxiety and glycemic control in experimental group was controlled at post-test and depression score in experimental group compared to the control group at post-test was decreased. The findings from the multivariate covariance analysis test between components of, physical symptoms, harm avoidance, separation anxiety, and social anxiety revealed meaningful differences between the two groups in social anxiety post-test score. Conclusions: According to the article, cognitive behavior therapy can be effective for depression, anxiety, and blood sugar control in children.

JACOBSON'S PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION (JPMR) TRAINING TO REDUCE ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV

Abstract: Background: The term AIDS refers only to the last stage of the HIV infection. AIDS can be called as our modern pandemic affecting both industrialized and developing countries. Objectives: To assess the anxiety and depression among people living with HIV as measured by HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), to determine the effectiveness of JPMR in terms of reduction in the mean posttest anxiety and depression scores, to find the association of anxiety and depression among people living with HIV with selected demographic and disease specific variables. Materials and Methods: one group pre test and post test design was used. 30 people living with HIV who were admitted at ART center, District Hospital, Udupi were selected and different scales on anxiety and depression scale for people living with HIV were administered. Purposive sampling technique was used for the study. Results: Out of 30 subjects, 13.30% (4) experienced abnormal anxiety and 16.7% (5) abnormal depression. There was significance difference between mean difference of pretest and post test scores of anxiety (t=8.471, df=29, p=0.001) and depression (t=6.811, df=29, p=0.001). Anxiety is independent of the selected variables (Demographic and disease specific). Depression is dependent on previous history of psychiatric illness (÷2=6.584, df =2, p=0.037). Conclusion: JPMR is a simple non-invasive, cost effective method. The result showed that JPMR training had a positive effect in reducing the anxiety and depression and JPMR can be used as an effective alternative therapy.

A study to assess the effectiveness of play therapy on anxiety among hospitalized children

Play promotes healing and helps the child to cope with stressful experiences. Children Won fear treatments are helped to release their feelings in their use of falls and other toys. The attitudes and feelings that children reveal in their play are full of meaning.. The child can find acceptable outlets for hostilities through play activities. The study aimed at to assess the pre test and post test level of anxiety among hospitalized children in selected hospitals at Vadodara, To evaluate the effectiveness of play therapy on anxiety among hospitalized children in selected hospitals at Vadodara, To determine the association between post-test anxiety level among hospitalized children in selected hospitals at Vadodara and demographic variables. The convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample for the study. Data was collected by using a structured anxiety rating score. The tool consists of two parts. First part consists of demographic data of the sample and s e c o n d part consists of the a structured anxiety rating score In experimental post test mean score, 37.87 and SD was 14.708 respectively. The obtained 't' value 14.015 statistically was significant at 0.000 level. So research hypothesis was accepted, in Comparison of mean score of experimental post - test and control post - test that the obtained 't' value is 8.165 statistically v a l u e was .000 so it is significant (< 0.05) therefore research hypothesis was accepted so it clearly shows that the level of anxiety was reduce in experimental group in post test The study concluded that children's was anxious in the pre-test and were as in the post-test shows that children's was not anxious or reduced so, it indicates that play activities was effective Key Word: Anxiety, Emotional reaction, fear, Gaze behavior, Growth and Development, Hospitalization, Misconception, Play activities, Therapeutic value

Pre and post test HAMA scores in women undergoing oral glucose challenge test

The 50-gram non-fasting one hour Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) is today the one most widely implemented as a screening test for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Positive result of GCT creates a preliminary GDM diagnosis. Diagnosis of GDM labels a pregnancy high risk. Any high risk pregnancy can cause maternal anxiety. The aim of the study was to investigate pretest and posttest anxiety levels in pregnant women undergoing GCT. Anxiety levels were evaluated by Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA score). Pretest HAMA score was 7.1±3.34 in the women with preliminary GDM diagnosis, and 6.69±5.51 in the women with negative GCT results. After delivering GCT results, HAMA score was 8.64 ± 8.10 in the women with preliminary GDM diagnosis and 4.29±2.29 in the women without preliminary GDM diagnosis. Pretest levels of anxiety among all pregnant women undergoing GCT were increased. However, this was temporary in women with negative GCT, whose anxiety levels decreased after delivering GCT results. Among women preliminary diagnosed with GDM, posttest HAMA evaluation revealed sustained increased levels of anxiety. Concerns regarding the anxiety caused by screening for GDM were confirmed by the results of our study.

Effect of Pre-Operative Instruction on Anxiety among Women undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy

Women's health and hysterectomies have a direct bearing on their mental and emotional responses, as their reproductive system gets affected or removed. Abdominal hysterectomy is said to engender more stress and anxiety than other comparable surgeries. Providing pre-operative information on surgery is essential in reducing anxiety before surgery for positive post-operative outcomes. In this quasi-experimental study conducted to evaluate effectiveness of pre-operative instruction on anxiety among women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for non-malignant conditions in multispecialty hospital, Bangalore, 60 women were selected by purposive sampling method and assigned to experimental and control groups. On day 2 of admission pre-test anxiety was assessed and experimental group was given 45 minutes instructional session whereas control group did not receive pre-operative instruction. Assessment of post-test anxiety was done after 24 hours of surgery. The results showed significant reduction in anxiety (p < 0.001) of women in the experimental group who received pre-operative instruction.

Fifteen-minute music intervention reduces pre-radiotherapy anxiety in oncology patients

PurposeOncology patients may respond to radiation treatment with anxiety expressed as stress, fear, depression, and frustration. This study aimed to investigate effects of music intervention on reducing pre-radiotherapy anxiety in oncology patients. MethodsQuasi-experimental study with purposeful sampling was conducted in the Department of Radiation Oncology, at Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Subjects were assigned into a music group (n = 100) receiving 15 min of music therapy prior to radiation and a control group (n = 100) receiving 15 min rest prior to radiation. Both groups were evaluated for pre- and post-test anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Physiological indicators of anxiety were measured pre- and post-test. ResultsBaseline State/Trait scores and vital signs were comparable between groups (P > 0.05). Mean change in pre- and post-test State/Trait scores showed significant decreases from baseline to post-test in both groups (all P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between music therapy and control groups in mean change of State anxiety scores (mean decreases 7.19 and 1.04, respectively; P < 0.001) and Trait anxiety scores (mean decreases 2.77 and 1.13, respectively; P = 0.036). In vital signs, both groups had significant decreases in pre- and post-test heart rate and respiration rate (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in mean change of systolic pressure was found between music and control groups (−5.69 ± 0.41 mmHg vs. −0.67 ± 1.29 mmHg, respectively; P = 0.009). ConclusionsMusic therapy decreased State anxiety levels, Trait anxiety levels and systolic blood pressure in oncology patients who received the intervention prior to radiotherapy.

French women’s breast self-examination practices with time after undergoing BRCA1/2 genetic testing

To assess the impact of BRCA1/2 genetic test results on cancer-free women's breast-self-examination (BSE) practices and to prospectively determine their influence on psychological functioning. A prospective longitudinal study on French women's BSE practices and frequencies in BRCA1/2 carriers (N = 217) and non-carriers (N = 313) 1 and 2 years following disclosure of the test results, along with psychological factors predicting BSE practices. Before disclosure, BSE was practised by 47.2% of the women, and increased to 57.3% 1 year later. No change in the women's practices was noted between 12 and 24 months after the test. Carriers and non-carriers practicing regularly BSE at baseline were, respectively 8 to 6 times more likely to be practising BSE regularly at 12 months after being tested. Among the carriers, having fewer depressive symptoms at baseline and believing in the ability of BSE to detect breast cancer were found to be the most decisive factors associated with BSE practices 1 year after disclosure, following adjustment for BSE baseline practices. Among the non-carriers, believing in the ability of BSE to detect breast cancer, greater post-test anxiety, and a higher perceived risk of breast cancer were found to be predictors of post-test BSE practices after adjusting for BSE baseline practices. In France, where performing BSE is neither mandatory nor recommended, an increase in BSE practices was found to occur after disclosure of women's genetic test results, regardless of their carrier status.