Post Pandemic Research Articles

Trends of Animal Bite Cases and Comparison of Cases Reported during Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 Period in a Dedicated Anti-Rabies Clinic from a Tertiary Care Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Rabies causes 100% case fatality in animal bite victims if left untreated, and it ranks as the 10th leading cause of death due to infectious diseases worldwide. India alone reports 20,000 human rabies deaths annually, accounting for one-third of global mortalities related to the disease. However, rabies is 100% preventable. The nationwide lockdown imposed from March 25, 2020, to curb the spread of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) disrupted various essential health services, including Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for rabies. Aim: to describe the socio-demographic profile of animal bite cases and assess the burden of animal bites during the pre and post COVID-19 Pandemic, specifically in patients reporting to the dedicated Anti-Rabies Clinic (ARC) of a tertiary care hospital in Hassan, Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective record-based study was conducted from January 2019 to November 2021 among animal bite cases reporting to the ARC at Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, Karnataka, India. Data on age, gender, locality, and socio-economic status were collected from the records maintained at the ARC. All subjects with complete data in the records were included in the study. All animal bite cases were managed according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines, with necessary COVID-19 precautions taken. A total of 3,706, 3,303, and 2,144 subjects were considered for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Results: There was a decreasing trend in the reported cases during the pandemic. The proportion of animal bite cases among those less than 19 years old was 1,146 (30.9%), 1,124 (34.1%), and 711 (33.1%) in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. The majority of animal bite victims were males: 2,489 (67.2%), 2,240 (67.8%), and 1,173 (54.7%) in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. The majority belonged to the rural population, with 2,668 (72.0%), 1,057 (32%), and 1,586 (74%) in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. However, there was an increase in the number of victims from the urban population in the year 2020, with nearly 2,246 (68%). Most of them, 2,299 (62%), 2,114 (64%), and 1,441 (67.2%) in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively, belonged to a lower socio-economic status. Category-III bites made up the majority representation in all the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. Conclusion: The number of animal bite cases reported during the pandemic was lower compared to the pre-pandemic phase. This highlights either missed reporting of cases or a reduction in exposure to animals, which decreased the risk of animal bites.

AN ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECT INDIAN INDUSTRY SECTORS BEFORE AND AFTER COVID 19

Covid-19 impacted the Indian industries as there were lock down restrictions, supply chain disruptions and other issues. The stock market which is an indicator of industry’s performance crashed when lockdown was announced. Financial performance of the companies got impacted and many of them are the process of recovery. A study was conducted to find the impact of Covid on the financial performance of three key industry sectors in India, namely, Healthcare, Automotive and Information Technology. The above analysis shows that 4 out of 5 Top companies in the Healthcare, Automotive and Information Technology sectors have recovered after Covid and have done well in their growth and profits. The IT industry stocks compared to other industries under study, have performed well post pandemic. The Automotive industry has also recovered but is not growing as compared to pre Covid era, the shortage of silicon chip can be a reason behind its slow growth. The healthcare industry improved drastically due to the need of medical attention needed in the country. The analysis shows that 4 out of 5 Top companies in the Healthcare, Automotive and Information Technology sectors have recovered after Covid and have done well in their growth and profits. KEY WORDS: Covid-19, Healthcare, Automotive, Information Technology, Profitability and growth.

Survey on the Patients’ Outlook Towards Dental Treatment During the Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Period.

The COVID -19 pandemic has disrupted daily lives and affected the entire healthcare system, including dental treatment. Efforts have been taken to formulate ways to counter the pandemic. Dental practices have adopted modifications of dental protocols with the incorporation of preventive measures. The aim of this survey was to study the patient outlook towards dental treatment and the awareness of patients about the preventive measures provided by their dentists in the post-Covid era. Hence a cross-sectional study was conducted on patients wanting to undergo dental treatments in the US, UK and India with a total of 121 participants per country during post covid pandemic. The study was conducted using a questionnaire prepared by the researcher, which consisted of 22 questions. The results showed that pain was the main reason for dental visits in all three countries. In the US and UK, a large percentage of people preferred video and teleconsulting even in the post-covid period, while in India, the majority preferred personal dental visits. The trend of avoiding dental treatment was widespread in India, displaying the level of ignorance and financial constraints among them. It indicates the need for better awareness about the importance of oral health and the inclusion of dental insurance schemes.

Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Public Aquariums in Turkey

In order to reduce the dispersing of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), countries worldwide placed limitations on social interactions including closures of public aquariums. Fifteen public aquarium in different cities of Turkey helped economic growth of cities before covıd-19 pandemic. Effects of the COVID-19 global pandemic on public aquariums in Turkey were investigated. Data collected from four representative samples of the public aquariums. A face-to-face survey method used. Forty-one questions were asked. Based on the survey, COVID-19 has affected virtually all aspects of the public aquariums. Prolonged and repetitive COVID-19 public aquarium closures led to an abrupt cessation of visitors within Turkey public aquariums. The number of visitors decreased by 37.5%. Activities of public aquariums decreased by 100% in one aquarium, 25% and 5% in other two aquariums. The number of workers in all public aquariums decreased by 25% during COVID-19. 100% of public aquariums did not promote by the government and /or any other organization. 25% of public aquariums observed stress in aquarium animals in post COVID-19 pandemic. These results suggest variable impacts of COVID-19 closures, reflecting public aquariums and government interactions. The findings from this research may be useful in the advance readiness of public aquariums against disaster like COVID-19. Moreover, we suggest a national organization to be established and named as ‘’Turkish Public Aquariums Group’’ including all public aquariums in Turkey.

COVID-19 RELATED MEDICAL CARE DELAYS IN UNDERSERVED AFRICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS WITH COMORBIDITIES

Abstract Health seeking behaviors have been negatively impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic particularly among minority older adults. There is a paucity of data concerning African American older adults who delayed, reduced, or stopped visits to primary and specialty providers. To outline the magnitude of this health disparity, this study examines the patterns and correlates of seeking preventive and specialized healthcare within this population. One-hundred and fifty (150) underserved African Americans older adults took part in this health advisor-led cross-sectional study. They completed a survey that inquired about seeking medical, dental, emergency room, and/or specialty care. We employed descriptive analyses to assess patterns of healthcare and multinomial logistic regression to document correlates of healthcare utilization. Almost one-third of participants (32%) delayed or did not get at least one type of care because of COVID-19. Dental care was the most frequent healthcare service that was missed (23%), followed by primary care (10%) and specialty care (7%). A higher level of depressive symptoms, lower level of educational attainment, and higher number of chronic conditions were associated with a higher number of delayed or cancelled medical care. Almost one-third of participants had never used any type of telehealth. Additionally, access and use of telehealth had no impact on healthcare utilization. One-year post pandemic, while vaccines are widely available, COVID-19 is disproportionately worsening healthcare disparities that exist even among African American older adults in underserved and under-resourced communities with access to healthcare. Interventional studies are urgently needed.

Adaptabilitatea întreprinderilor la noul context post pandemic = Adaptability of businesses to the new post-pandemic context

Adaptabilitatea întreprinderilor la noul context post pandemic = Adaptability of businesses to the new post-pandemic context

AN ANALYSIS OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN LEARNING SPEAKING SKILLS IN POST PANDEMIC CONTEXT

The aimed of this research was to find out the strategies of male and female students in learning speaking skills during the post pandemic. The method used in this research was qualitative method in the type of phenomenological research. This research used a semi-structure interview as instrument to collect the data. The subjects in this research were 4th semester students of English Education Department, at Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. The research subjects were 10 students which consist of 5 female students and 5 male students. This research used purposive sampling technique. The results of this research showed that male and female students used all types of strategies; memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies, and social strategies in learning speaking during the post-pandemic. The difference only lays the number of male and female students in using the methods of each group strategies and the difference in the method used in the group strategies by male and female students. Female students used each group learning strategies more than male students. Most of female students used memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies and social strategies. While most of male students used memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies and metacognitive strategies.

An integrated analysis of COVID-19 impacts on energy and environment: Lessons learnt

Carbon neutrality, sustainable development and reducing our impact on the environment is the top priority in future measures. The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges to every sector at a global scale but can provide valuable insight to reach these goals. The main objective of this work is to provide an integrated analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, focused on energy and its related aspects, i.e., environment and costs. Mainland Portugal was used as a case study and two years were analysed, one pre pandemic (2019) and another post pandemic (2020). In 2020, the majority of sectors - Transport, Services, Industry and Agriculture & Fisheries – show a reduction of energy consumption, atmospheric emissions, carbon footprint and related monetary and social costs. In contrast, the Domestic sector presents an overall increase, with maximums of 25.4% in electricity consumption (during Spring), 0.72% in the PM10 (particulate matter) and NOx (nitrogen dioxides) emissions (in Summer), and 2.9% in carbon footprint (in Spring). The integrated analysis proposed in this work was crucial to identify the paths to a post pandemic world focused on the different aspects of sustainability – new concepts of mobility and workplace, as well as increased investment in energy performance and renewable energy sources. This study showed that changing our energy consumption patterns could significantly affect future greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to the sustainable growth of the economy, while maintaining good progress towards climate-neutral goals.

The Empirical Study on TAM Framework towards the Shift into the Working from Home Culture in Malaysia

This study focuses on the empirical study on the acceptance in the working from home in the post pandemic in the new normal of working environment in Malaysia. The impact from the pandemic had observe the rise of the new trend in the working from home arrangement which had become the new norm in the corporate employees working approach. However, there is still lack of evidence to point out that the working from home is widely acceptance by the employees in Malaysia, especially with the lifted up on the restriction on the on the lockdown where returning to office become an option for the employees. The previous suggestion suggested that the work from home approach will become the new trend for the new normal where majority of the previous study did provide the suggestion indicating there will be significant relationship from the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use derived from the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework. This study will focus in the application of the quantitative research method which observe the data analysis using the sample size of 150 respondents selected from the target population among the working employees in Malaysia. The result from the findings of the study had shown only the perceived usefulness had been identified with supporting evidence to point out the significant in the relationship towards the employee’s acceptance in working from home but the perceived ease of use failed to show any existence of the evidence which suggest otherwise. The outcome of the study had provided significant contribution towards the corporate and academic where the research limitations and suggestion for the future research had been drawn to conclude the overall research study.

Democratic backsliding in illiberal Singapore

Singapore is a well-known illiberal democracy, ruled by one party, the People's Action Party (PAP), uninterruptedly since 1959. The rise of disinformation, the leadership succession crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic have posed challenges to the ruling party's technocratic, ‘soft-authoritarian’ governance style. Is it business as usual in Singapore? Or has its democracy backslid like its regional neighbours? Drawing on an established index of accountability and V-Dem's democratic indicators, our study investigates whether democratic institutions in hybrid regimes such as Singapore have changed. We find that mechanisms of diagonal accountability related to media and civil society have declined. Vertical and horizontal accountability remains weak as expected in a hybrid regime such as Singapore. The PAP government has returned to relying on the law as a ‘fist in velvet glove’ to muzzle dissent and constrain information that may last post pandemic.

The relationship between student engagement and their perception of success in online learning

Online learning during the COVID 19 or post pandemic presents challenges not only for the teachers but also the students. Exploring students’ engagement during their online learning is one way of understanding what might contribute to their success although teaching and learning has to be delivered online. This study tries to investigate the correlation between students’ engagement and their perception of their success during their online learning. This study applies quantitative approach in order to answer the hypothesis of this study whether students’ engagement is positively correlated to their perception of success in online learning situation. This study uses questionnaire distributed to 473 students in two vocational schools in Central Java. The statistical descriptive analysis of both variables being measured in this study shows that students are in the medium category of engagement, with one sub variable indicates a high engagement which is their engagement to the material. Apart from the engagement performed by the students, this study has successfully proved that there is positive relationship between students’ engagement and their perception of success. To conclude, this study provides some recommendations to further examine students’ engagement in vocational education.

A Review of Remdesivir: As a Lifesaver in the Pandemic of SARS-CoV-2

As you people must have seen how many difficulties we had to bear during the time of Corona. Corona (SARS-CoV-2) has not ended today but due to the introduction of its vaccine, its effect has reduced. But in the beginning of the Corona period, we faced a lot of problems. Which was about medicines. At the beginning of the corona period, many drugs were used for the treatment of corona. One of those drugs was Remdesivir. At that time this medicine was received as a boon. It can also be called a miracle because many lives could be saved by this medicine. Due to which many people could get new life. In this review we will see how Remdesivir works in our body. What is its mode of action on our body. What negative effect has been seen on the body of Remdesivir since the Corona period. Will see it in this review and see how it is harming our body and we will know that the use of Remdesivir should be limited and how much should be So that we can avoid its harm effect and We will see what effect Remdesivir has on the body after the post pandemic, along with we will also study the pharmacokinetics in this review. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Remdesivir, Pharmacokinetics, Pandemic, Miracle.

Moonlighting by employees-Is it an organizational problem or is it economic slowdown?

Every organization provides wages to their employees. Besides dearness allowances and housing allowance keeps getting enhanced periodically to help them beat high prices of essential commodities and manage the cost of living. Many organizations also give bonus and many other fringe benefits (transportation housing water and electricity at subsidized rates and also bonus in order to keep their employees happy to let them maintain a decent standard of living. But some of the employees feel that additional expenses such as higher education for their children marriage, and other family expenses mount up unexpectedly and so hence they had to earn extra income to make both ends meet. Thus they engage in side jobs, part time jobs other small businesses or start any small shops etc: simultaneously besides their original jobs which is known as “moonlighting or double jobbing”. In view of the current problem of moonlighting by company employees which has posed a big problem in their productivity in the organization. This issue has been taken seriously by all managements. The place of study is Bangalore urban and rural areas in its surroundings. The research problem has shown that post pandemic in the later part of 2021 rising prices of common goods has irked many people no end. This has made many employees take up side jobs to supplement their income. Mainly this pinch was felt by lower income groups who struggled to make both ends meet and educate their children. But the point is was this risk worth taking? With much management trying to lay off employees on some pretext or the other this part time jobbing was totally under a cloud as there was a shortage of employees to work overtime thereby lynching the main goals of the organization. Moonlighting thus resulted in not making the employees be available for extra work or too tired to work for the parent company. Sample size was 200 and taken from group D employees. Research methodology followed was to use both primary as well as secondary data working in government offices who did part time jobs working as domestic maids job typing in the evenings selling stamp papers outside municipal offices, and running small eatries selling snacks etc. Primary data was collected by mean of questionnaire and interview method. Sampling design was simple random and descriptive analysis was followed. Data was analyzed using simple percentage method. The findings showed that moonlighting was a common phenomena and all managements never tolerated it. Employees found moonlighting were either fired or suspended. Due to high inflation and rising prices taking up part time jobs became almost a necessity today though moonlighting technically was not right.

AT THE STEP OF A DROMEDARY: INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY TO INTEGRATE CHINESE AND AFRICAN RELATIONS IN ETHIOPIA BEFORE AND AFTER THE COVID-19

Abstract: The author holds that the aim of this project is to study the Chinese presence in Ethiopia, following the path of the last salt caravans from Danakil to Tigray region in a multidisciplinary documentation. The first part of the research was carried out before Covid-19. In the immediate aftermath there was a civil war that is continuing to rage. New research is currently underway in the post Pandemic to document how Covid-19 and the civil war are changing Ethiopia. The current political situation has made the return to Ethiopia complex. There are two main objectives of the research. The first is based on the sociology of work, which allows monitoring the growth of infrastructure built by Chinese workers and the perception of risk of the Ethiopian population of Tigray in the post-pandemic period and civil war. Thanks to the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) some roads created by Chinese companies that worked in the area have been geo-referenced. The second point is to document the life of the Ethiopian and Chinese population, expanding the discourse of gender anthropology, collecting interviews in situ and online in the post-Covid-19 period. The interviews were made to the Ethiopian population of different ages, genders and social classes. The interviews were also obtained from the Chinese side, to understand the development of their work. A remote interview was conducted in November 2022 which showed the current situation and how much the Chinese presence can affect the restoration of peace between Tigray and the central government in Addis Ababa. Official estimates of the number of Chinese in Africa vary widely; on the African continent there are increasingly heterogeneous groups of Chinese migrants, in terms of: language, dialect, class, education and occupation. On the basis of this and a very general state of the art, it was decided to increase the studies of the development of the Belt Road Initiative and of what surrounds the phenomenon. The civil war started in Tigray in 2020 and still ongoing, makes the project constantly evolving. For the realization of this study, interdisciplinary investigation methods were integrated, such as: landscape archeology, work sociology, gender anthropology and ethnography. Keywords— China, Ethiopia, Work Sociology, Gender Anthropology, Belt Road Initiative

Discourse Analysis of Mass Media Surviving Strategies in Post COVID-19 Era Nigeria

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ascending containment measures, including prolonged lockdown have caused serious dislocation of economic activities across the globe. Although the mass media environment was already fragile before the outbreak of this pandemic in Nigeria, the disease has worsened the situation which threatens the survival of this viable industry. What strategies to adopt in order to stay afloat remain integral, hence, this study was undertaken to analyze the surviving strategies for mass media in the post COVID-19 era in Nigeria. Anchored on the Social Responsibility Media Theory and Political Economy of the Media Theory, analytical research design was used to investigate the strategies ideal for the survival of the mass media industry in the post COVID-19 era in Nigeria using evidential and empirical documented secondary materials as sources of data collection. Our study found a number of factors that challenged the existence of mass media in the period of coronavirus pandemic in Nigeria. It found useful the continued provision of information, education, entertainment and connection; assist society through direct industry workers’ support, health and wellness programmes, ecosystem and community, and in-kind contributions; and building trust as strategies for the survival of media industry in the post COVID-19. Our paper also found support informs of bailout, single digit loan facilities from the Central Bank of Nigeria and assistance from donor agencies and groups as other useful strategies for survival but with caution to ensure that such supports and favours are not meant to weaken independence of the mass media, betray public trust and corrode the ethical values of the profession which build that trust. The paper concluded by stating pandemic has a great power of disrupting mass media operations and practice and the survival and sustainability of the industry after the pandemic is largely dependent on adoption of techniques and strategies that are genuine, deliberate and sustainable. The paper identified sourcing for and supporting operators of the mass media industry with soft or low interest loans; more aggressive in sourcing for advertisements and other commercials; maintaining editorial integrity as among the recommendations for quick recovery, particularly in the period of a post pandemic.

Cyber Crimes and Cyber Hygiene Practices Among Young Girls

The world evidences an immense transformation from pen & paper culture to digital culture, particularly, post covid pandemic. We live in the digitally complex generation. The evolution of digitalization and explosive usage of internet have lead to cyber crimes (e-crimes) and cyber violations. With the increase of ‘Work from Home’ option, women are more prone to serious consequences of cyber attacks and lead to traumatic experiences. The Government of India has started attempting to renovate our nation into digitally enabled and empowered, through its “The Digital India” project. But, is the digitalization completely favourable for our people? The primary aim of the study is to answer this question by creating awareness on cyber crimes and security measures among women and young girls, whom the law looks down and does not recognize properly, even in today’s developed society. An attempt is made to keep them away from any sort harm by cyber usage or exploitations. In the direction to caution women about cyber threats by not hindering digitalization and innovation, the authors have analyzed previous research studies conducted with respect to cyber threats and security space, major cyber crime cases in India, Cyber laws, agencies that deal with cyber security and key initiatives implemented by our Indian government to protect innocent people from cyber threats. Hence, at the end of this study, protective measures and cyber hygiene practices are suggested to make women and young girls become more cautious and reorient their behaviour to make safest use of internet and protect themselves against cyber attacks.

4 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Number and Severity of New Diagnoses of Restrictive Eating Disorders During Prolonged Lockdown in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on the well-being of adolescents and young adults. Worldwide, eating disorder (ED) experts have observed worsening symptoms in youth with pre-existing EDs and an escalation in the number of new cases compared to prior years. Disruption of routine, work and school closures, as well as social isolation are potential contributing factors. The Canadian province of Ontario (specifically the most highly populated cities) experienced one of the most prolonged lock downs worldwide with approximately 20 weeks of face-to-face school closure and/or restriction to virtual learning. Objectives We sought to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on new pediatric ED presentations, patient characteristics and hospital admissions in a tertiary care Children’s Hospital. Design/Methods We completed a retrospective chart review of patients presenting for new ED assessments at a single centre pediatric ED program within a tertiary care children’s hospital between January 1st, 2015 and June 1st 2021. Patients aged 9-18 years old with a new diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) restrictive type or binge/purge type or Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorder (OSFED) - Atypical Anorexia Nervosa (AAN) were included. Demographic and clinical variables for pre and post pandemic were analyzed using Chi-Square and T-Tests. Interrupted time series regression was used to examine pre-pandemic and post-pandemic monthly summary data over time. Results Overall, 425 youth were newly diagnosed with AN or AAN (N=329 pre-pandemic, N=96 pandemic) during the study period (Jan 1 2015 – December 31 2020). Average age was 14.7 years (SD 1.8, range 8.1 – 17.9). Most youth were diagnosed with DSM-5 AN-restrictive type (65.6%). The number of new diagnoses of AN and AAN during the pandemic more than doubled when compared to pre-pandemic years. In the 5-year period preceding the pandemic, mean number of newly diagnosed cases was 5.1/month (ßcoeff=0.043, p=0.33), increasing to 10.6/month (p=<0.001) during the pandemic and demonstrating an upward trend coinciding with onset of lockdown measures (ßcoeff=5.95, p<0.001). At the time of initial assessment, more youth presented with medical instability and increased illness severity. Hospitalization increased from an average of 2.2/month to 6.3/month (ßcoeff -0.008 vs. 3.23, p<0.0001). Average heart rate also decreased from 58.6 bpm (SD 16.6) pre-pandemic to 53.3 bpm (SD 16.3), p<0.008. Conclusion With this study, we found a significant increase in both new diagnoses and admissions for medical instability for AN and AAN among youth at our institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study contributes to the growing body of global evidence tracking the unanticipated surge of eating disorder diagnoses and severity in already under-resourced health systems. It is unclear how long the effects of the pandemic may last. Further research is required to better understand the illness trajectory and treatment outcomes of pandemic-triggered EDs in adolescents.

Impact of community outreach programme on improving cancer related preventive health behaviour

Abstract Cancer services were negatively affected due to the Covid-19 pandemic and will have likely delayed early detection and diagnosis. The Irish Cancer Society (ICS) planned and delivered a number of cancer roadshow events in 4 deprived regions in Ireland to address improvements in awareness of cancer signs, importance of screening, positive lifestyle changes and encourage medical care-seeking behaviour. Health checks (blood pressure, BMI & CO2 monitoring) and motivational interviews were carried out by ICS nurses and trained ICS volunteers. Data was collected via anonymous questionnaire from participants and volunteers. SPSS was used for analysis. 98 people (54 male, 44 female) participated; 87.7% found the information provided useful, 84.7% approved of the health check and 72.5% stated that they would likely make changes to their current lifestyle to reduce their cancer risk. Moderate/high understanding of cancer signs and symptoms and moderate/high awareness of cancer risk factors both rose post event (from 62.2% to 81.6% (p < 0.001) and from 49% to 61.2% (p < 0.001) respectively). If symptomatic for cancer 77.6% of participants would likely visit their GP and 73.5% would likely contact ICS. Younger people (aged ≤40 years) were more likely to consider consulting a healthcare professional if symptomatic (p = 0.027) and to contact the ICS (p = 0.007) for more information. High numbers of participants (98.9%) and volunteers (95.2%) recommended a nationwide roll out. Volunteers reported moderate/high levels of public engagement; the most common topics discussed were own treatment experience, cancer screening, information on making lifestyle changes and ICS services. Volunteers reported the need for more training and improvements to some organisational aspects. More rigorous cancer health promotion programmes are required to counter disrupted cancer services. Our results suggest such cancer roadshow events are both feasible and beneficial at this time post pandemic. Key messages • Health literacy is continuous process to achieve positive health outcomes. • Reaching out to people in different setting is acceptable and potentially effective.

Travel satisfaction and travel well-being: Which is more related to travel choice behaviour in the post COVID-19 pandemic? Evidence from public transport travellers in Xi'an, China.

The spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has decreased the willingness to choose public transport where travellers are more likely to be infected due to intensive passenger flow, in which case it is hard to attract passenger volume if the subjective well-being of travellers is not improved. However, the traditional measurement of travel evaluation may be not conductive to the context under the influence COVID-19 pandemic and it is necessary to analyse the changes of internal mechanisms of travel well-being to avoid the loss of passengers. Based on structural equation modelling, this paper explored the internal relationship between the constructs of travel well-being and emphasised the significance of taking psychological factors into consideration in the post COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that travel satisfaction towards epidemic prevention measures during travel is strongly related to overall travel well-being, which can be used as a key part of well-being measurement scale design in the future. The results also indicate that, due to negative mood on affective level induced by COVID-19, travel satisfaction on cognitive level is not directly but indirectly related to travel choice behaviour through overall travel well-being. Compared to travel satisfaction, travel well-being is more extensive and covers travel satisfaction to some extent. Therefore, instead of studying travel satisfaction simply, taking travel well-being incorporating travel satisfaction, mood and psychological distance as the dependent variable to identify shortages existing in public transport will provide a more accurate perspective for policy makers in the post COVID-19 pandemic.

“The old order Changeth!” Building sustainable knowledge management post COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThe global pandemic and the resulting rapid and large-scale digitization changed the way firms recognized and understood knowledge curation and management. The changing nature of work and work systems necessitated changes in knowledge management (KM), some of which are likely to have a long-term impact. Using the lens of technology in practice, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of technology agency on KM structures and practices that evolved across five knowledge-intensive global organizations. This study then argues that sustainable knowledge management (SKM) systems evolve in specific contexts.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a qualitative case study design to examine five multinational knowledge-intensive global organizations’ KM systems and practices across diverse industry sectors.FindingsBased on the findings, the authors develop SKM systems and practices model relevant to a post-pandemic organizational context. The authors argue that KM digitization and adoption support socialization in knowledge sharing. Further formalization through organizational enabling systems aids the externalization of knowledge sharing. Deliberate practices promoted with leadership support are likely to sustain in the post-COVID era. Further, organizations that evolved ad-hoc or idiosyncratic approaches to managing hybrid working are more likely to revert to legacy KM systems. The authors eventually theorize about the socialization of human-to-human and technology-mediated human interactions and develop the three emerging SKM structures.Originality/valueThis study contributed to practitioners and researchers by developing the various tenets of SKM.