Postmodern Discourse Research Articles

Sociology in the 21st century: between fragmentation and integration

The article is analyzing current sociology in the context of fragmentation and integration periods in the discipline history. The first integrative wave in the history of sociology was in the 1920s– 1950s. It appeared in grand theories by P.Sorokin, T.Parsons, the Frankfurt school which united heterogeneous ideas from classics in models of society as system. After the paradigm crisis of the 1960s– 1970s and following spread of postmodernist discourse, the second integrative wave arose in form of theories overcoming gaps between concepts of determinist structures and constructivist agency (J.Habermas, A.Giddens, P.Bourdieu) as well as in form of metatheorizing (G.Ritzer, P.Sztompka, J.Alexander). Today’s fragmentation of sociology under conditions of metaparadigm crisis and post-globalization is provoked by the rising postcolonial discourse, by attempts to stigmatize western classics and to create theoretical alternatives to the ‘global North’ domination in knowledge production as well as by spread of conceptions opposing social reality of networks and flows to classical sociality of structures and agency (M.Castells, B.Latour, J.Urry, K.Knorr Cetina). The third integrative wave is expected to come in the 2020s displacing tendencies of disintegration, discrimination, growing gaps and rising barriers. Now theories are relevant as they create a coherent configuration of four types of structures: institutions, interactions, networks, and flows. The new subject matter for theorizing is constituted by their interconnections in forms of fields of structurations, scapes of assemblages, communications, platforms, projects, and events. A metaphor of augmented reality is integrating different concepts of social reality and it is overcoming constitutive distinctions in the last century sociology: between system and lifeworld, locality and globality, the private and public, the material and symbolic, the real and virtual, the physical and digital, etc.

Spatial Violence of the “Halls” in Old English and Old Norse Poetry

In the recent years, the scholarship of Urban Space has primarily focussed on the postmodernist discourse, but this essay, by connecting the Anglo-Saxon and Old Norse culture, takes up the subject of early mediaeval literature and the narrative of violence in urban spatial discourse. A leitmotif that keeps on figuring in Old English and Old Norse poetry is that of the ‘hall’ - a transcultural conjunctive space for transaction or exchange of both material goods such as fighting men, treasure and the like, and the non-material items such as martial honour, power, comradeship and the like. Though such a space easily seems to be a dispositif heterotopia, this essay explores how its (non-crisis) heterotopic motif, with the true manifestation of the ‘hetero’- an encapsulation of the ‘diversity of an emplacement of a cityscape’, is ruptured by an unmasking of violence that is ironically disrupting this trans-culturalism yet uniting the heteroglossic discourses by dominating this space. The space of Gunnarr and Högni’s hall and Heorot are both equally stained with the blood of the unjustly slaughtered victims: the murder of Gunnarr and Högni by Atli in the former case, and the murder Hrothgar’s men by Grendel’s mother in the latter case. Murder and bloodlust, the polarised ‘evil’ or ‘othered’ character(s) not only unite the literary space of these two tales but also unite the cultural space of the Danes and the Anglo-Saxons, through the metaphor of the ‘hall’. This is reinforced by the fact that the disruptive force of revenge in both cases takes place ‘outside’ the halls, ‘the area of unity’: in the former case, Guðrún does not burn Atli in the hall but kills him outside and buries him, and in the latter case, in the ‘den’ where Beowulf ventures to battle and kill the monster. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore how the othered discourse of violence actually assumes the central role and problematizes the narrative of dispositif heterotopia through the spatial metaphor of ‘hall’, a miniature cityscape, by acting as a both uniting and disrupting force.

The postmodern turn in childhood studies and its pedagogical implications

This paper reflects on the postmodern shift in childhood studies and its impact on education. As scholars interrogate the modern notion of childhood, the discourse of postmodernism has entered the realm of childhood studies, yielding various new perspectives on childhood. The key characteristics of the postmodern shift in childhood studies include: 1) the rejection of essentialism regarding childhood and the recognition of the diversity inherent in it; 2) the deconstruction of binary oppositions and the advocacy for the heterogeneous nature of childhood and the concept of "becoming-child"; 3) the dissolution of the modern subject associated with childhood and the reconstruction of the postmodern subject. Postmodern childhood studies will bring some positive impacts to the field of education, such as focusing on the differences among children rather than abstracting them into a unified map, removing adultism from education, and emphasizing the construction of new forms of child subjectivity in education. However, at the same time, it will also bring many challenges to education, such as questioning the essence of childhood and good education, shaking the foundation of educational existence brought by the dissolution of childhood, and the loss of educational significance due to the fluid and changing construction of child subjectivity. This underscores the importance of acknowledging that as education embraces the discourse of postmodern childhood, both its promises and perils will permeate the educational domain.

THE TOPONYMY OF THE NOVEL "RECREATION" IN THE CONTEXT OF ANDRUKHOVYCH’S POSTMODERNIST DISCOURSE

The article is devoted to the study of the functional and stylistic features of toponymy, which is observed in the novel of Yu. Andruhovich, who is considered to be a bright representative of the postmodern artistic discourse. In modern linguistics, the potential possibilities of literary and artistic onymes of postmodern works have not yet been sufficiently studied, this vocabulary has been occasionally the object of linguistic analysis. Namely, in the toponymicon (and more broadly, the onomasticon) of the "new Ukrainian novel" there have been reflected postmodern masquerade, irony, grassrootsness and emotional markedness. The study of toponyms appears to be quite interesting and relevant, because the creation of such units is a creative process that depends on the artistic intention of the author; toponyms determine the chronotope of the work, take an active part in the creation of images, cause certain associations, develop symbolic meanings. Therefore, the study of onymia, and in particular the toponymy of the novel, is crucial for the study of the writer’s authorial idiostyle, the peculiarities of the linguistic picture of the world created by him. The purpose of the presented investigation is the analysis of the toponymicon of the novel "Recreation" by Yu. Andruhovich, aimed at clarifying the semantic and functional specifics of this important category of onyms as markers of the writer’s idiostyle. The object of the study was the onomasticon of the novel "Recreations", and the subject of consideration was various categories of toponyms as structural components of the idyllic complex. Descriptive, statistical methods, as well as the method of contextual analysis have been used in the analysis. It has been revealed that the toponymy in Yu. Andruhovich’s novel constitutes a solid lexical layer, has a wide range of action in the artistic text and is determined by a rich symbolic semanticization due to the spread of the connotative meaning of toponyms. By generating new meanings of his own vocabulary, the writer expands the semantic-pragmatic parameters of the artistic text and proves that the toponymic space units have inexhaustible resources for solving the artistic tasks of postmodernism. It has been proved that toponyms in the novel "Recreations" perform the function of not only a local-temporal identifier, but also a certain symbolic reinterpretation. The results of the study of the toponymic space of Yu. Andruhovich’s novel showed that, due to the high activity and a kind of "playing" in the text, toponyms constitute an important element of the writer’s idiostyle, his language palette, and at the same time reveal the author’s own manner of onomastic writing, his postmodern intentions. A systematic analysis of the onomastic code of the Ukrainian postmodern discourse as a promising direction can be the subject for further research.

Folklore Texts in the Context of Historical and Cultural Environment: Neurobiological Influence

The article clarifies the basic definitions of current folklore science, defines the range of terminological borrowings from the conceptosphere "postmodernism". The article considers the term post-folklore as having a neurobiological influence, since reading works of post-folklore is a complex neurophysiological process during which the brain scans and decodes symbols and their combinations connected by phonetic, semantic and syntactic rules, discovering the meaning encoded in them, including modern urban folklore and a fundamentally new type of folk art - Internet folklore (netlore). The possibility to describe folklore phenomena in terms of post-, analogy with postmodern phenomena, has certain grounds. Thus, the postmodern exaltation of the reader, which destroys the precedence of meaning and constitutes the latter in the process of reading, finds correspondence in the multivariantism of folklore. Since postmodernism and post-folklore are united by chronological frameworks, we consider literary and folklore texts in the context of historical and cultural environment in which they appeared, we find their neuroinfluence on the personality. The analysis of the postmodern discourse shows that an important principle of its principle is the neuroinfluence in acquaintance with the works of folklore, the interactive code. New forms of disseminating and receiving information in today's society determine new forms of its non-specialized - folklore - translation.

Force of the Postmodern: The Deconstructive Drive in Jack Amariglio’s Writings

This essay traces the genealogy of the concept of the postmodern in Jack Amariglio’s body of work. It recognizes the collaborative accent of Amariglio’s writing practice and renders visible a field of discourse that has materialized through the network of collaborations that Amariglio, through the concept of the postmodern, has thereby activated. According to Amariglio, the postmodern, as an epistemological rather than ontological concept, is a discursive byproduct of modernist discourses that emerge endogenously from within the latter but always in a relation of heterogeneity toward their native discourses. A key characteristic of Amariglio’s writing has been to highlight these extimate tendencies and trace their consequences on economics as a postmodern discourse. In the spirit of his deconstructive drive, this essay extends his thinking on the postmodern through a number of postmodern moments he has identified, especially in his work with David Ruccio, through the psychoanalytical concept of the uncanny.

Metamodernism Unveiled: A Contemporary Aftereffect in Architecture

In the setting of ecology-based architectural design and post-postmodern sensibility, there's a deflection from the functional rationalism of modernism and the critical discourses of postmodernism, as we continue to create in the alleged Anthropocene era. This shift towards pragmatic societal idealism draws from diachronic oscillations and overlaps between past architectural paradigms. The study aims to research, adapt and discuss metamodernism, which has been previously studied in various disciplines, as an environmentally friendly and authentic after-effect in architecture. It employs a qualitative and exploratory research approach. The conceptual definition of metamodernism as a synthesis of dialectical perspective, is adapted to architecture using comparative content analysis. Metamodernism shares pluralism with postmodernism, but instead of fracturing it like deconstructivism, it seeks continuity as a hopeful opposition to modernism's strict normativity. The metamodern approach emphasizes atmospheric sensitivity, redefining the in-between. Using the analytical generalization technique through preliminary, preparatory and primary case studies, the basic features of metamodernism in architecture are compared on the design synthesis of form, context and program adhering to site-specific geographic and social contexts. It combines organic and artificial elements, addressing building mass, scale, and articulation while synthesizing sustainable, pluralistic programs that bridge the past and present through function, technology, and spatiotemporal organization, stimulating the atmospheric sensitivity. In an era marked by distinct sustainability and ecology concerns, designing with an atmospherically sensitive metamodernist tendency can affect the recognition and memorability of the contemporary architecture.

Exploring the Drawbacks of Using Artificial Intelligence in Studies on Architecture:NLP and Highly Contextual Postmodern Architectural Discourse

This research investigates the artificial intelligence aided architectural discursive sentiment analysis within the texts of the representants of architectural culture of the sixties and the seventies. The subject of inquiry for this study is to examine the nature and validity of sentiment analysis, using Natural Language Processing tools, on postmodernist architectural discourse. This paper searches to identify the possible drawbacks of using the NLP tool. The results show that the sentiment analysis of postmodernist texts using opinion mining techniques must be interpreted with the utmost caution. Especially in the case of unstraightforward, highly contextualized, and modernist reactive, often ironic or sarcastic, postmodern discourse. Two main reasons for that were found in this study. First, architectural postmodernists use many polarized words which might end in inconclusive results when opinion mining techniques are in use. Second, the postmodernist texts might themselves lack important contextual cues for appropriate classification of sentiment by NLP. Discrepancies and internal contradictions are characteristic for the postmodernist style of writing. and artificial intelligence still does not fully decode it.

Плагиат: анализ культурных оснований оправдания

The article is devoted to the study of the cultural foundations of such a phenomenon as plagiarism. It is revealed that plagiarism, like theft and appropriation of authorship of someone else’s work, has its roots in the mythology of culture: the theft of fire by Prometheus, the theft of the blessing of the birthright by Jacob. Plagiarism is a form of self-identification based on an act of passive protest. Through it, the subject is removed from the current government and constitutes its own autonomy. Assuming that theft comes from need, lack of something, plagiarism is also carried out from a lack of self, and in the act of appropriation there is an attempt to compensate for sovereignty. The cultural conditions of postmodernity are described, which exclude plagiarism from the condemned deviations: intertextuality, multiplicity, Death of the Author, leveling the boundary between opposites. Today, the Author is gradually being eliminated from the text and this manifests itself in a special temporal connection: the modern Author existed before the text, and today’s scriptwriter arises simultaneously with the text. The text becomes open, free to make or extract meaning. It can be observed that postmodern discourse implements a kind of apology for plagiarism, considering it an important component of creativity. Plagiarism studies reject the moral assessment of the phenomenon in favor of demonstrating the imaginary boundaries between the copy and the original. The conclusion is made about the need to return the study of plagiarism to the moral field, the return of conscience and “cognitive abilities”.

Futurality as a Linguosynergetic Category in Postmodern Discourse

Futurality as a Linguosynergetic Category in Postmodern Discourse

Analysis of Postcolonial Kazakh Poetry in the Context of Minor Literature

In the article, the characteristics and manifestations of post-colonial Kazakh poetry are analysed based on the concept of “minor literature” introduced by French philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari to the field of social sciences and postmodern discourse. During the period of the Soviet Union, that is, in the understanding of colonialism, the literature of the colonised peoples was always considered as someone else's literature, and the author himself was excluded and considered as “another person”. Even after independence, these complexes continued on literary/cultural/political basis. As a result, the image of the typical writer in literary texts, works, language, style, political content and collective discourse has undergone significant changes. This article analyses these and other changes in post-colonial Kazakh poetry in the context of minor literature. Focusing on the works of Kazakh poets, including Turmanbay Moldagaliyev's poems written after independence, and poets such as Yesengali Raushanov, Bakhytzhan Kanapiyanov, Meirkhan Akdauletuly, Temirkhan Medetbek, Bakhyt Kenzheev, it draws attention to the deterritorialisation of the language and the transformation of the Kazakh language into a creole language and the political and collective discourse of literary works. Within the framework of these studies, the psychological impact of colonialism and emancipation tendencies in post-colonial Kazakh society and political and social issues were evaluated through literary texts.

Problems and promises of postmodernism in (re)liberating disaster studies

PurposeThis paper is a critique of Western modernity and the problems and promises of postmodernism in (re)liberating disaster studies. It criticizes metanarratives and grand theories of Western discourses to advance postmodern discourses in disaster studies.Design/methodology/approachThis paper outlines a conceptual domain through which approaches of postmodernism can be employed to (re)liberate disaster studies.FindingsMetanarratives and grand theories frame the scope and focus of disaster studies. But the increasing number and the aggravated impacts of disasters and environmental challenges in the late 20th and early 21st centuries are proofs that our current “frames” do not capture the complexities of disasters. Postmodernism, in its diversity and various meanings, offers critical and complementary perspectives and approaches to capture the previously neglected dimensions of disasters.Research limitations/implicationsPostmodernism offers ways forward to (re)liberate disaster studies through ontological pluralism, epistemological diversity and hybridity of knowledge.Originality/valueThe agenda of postmodernism in disaster studies is proposed in terms of the focus of inquiry, ontological and epistemological positionalities, research paradigm, methodologies and societal goals.

IMAGOPOETICS AS AN IMAGOLOGICAL VISION OF A CONTEMPORARY MUSICAL WORK

The academic paper considers the imagological approach to musical works, characterized by priority attention to the identification of stereotypes used by the author. Imagology entered the postmodern discourse in the middle of the XX century; however, it was limited to the literary sphere for a long time. The present research explores the possibility of applying an imagological approach to musical art and its specifics. In contrast to literature, music operates with its own semiotic system based on intonation, a complex of pitch, rhythmic, and other features that determine the semantic content of musical constructions. This feature suggests supplementing the transduction of the concept of “imagology” with the transduction of the literary concept of “poetics” to the immanent features of a musical composition. From the perspectives outlined, the definition of the concept of imagopoetics in relation to musical art is derived in the academic paper. It is revealed that both the author’s European audience’s perception of non-European musical cultures and a wider range of images, which in the imagological discourse are called “imagothemes” and “imagotypes”, can be considered as stereotypes in the modern scientific discourse. At the same time, the issue of the correlation between the author’s authentic immersion in the relevant figurative sphere and the orientation to the stereotypical perception of the relevant figurative spheres by the author’s audience is actualized for each “imagotheme” and “imagotype”. The author also touches upon the controversial issue of the possibility of using the imagological approach to deny the existence of an objective difference between artifacts of different peoples, which is most clearly manifested in the musical art.

A postmodernist reading of the Epic Sci-Fi poetry, Adventures of Two captains

Among the works that consider political and social narratives, one can refer to the book "The Adventures of Two Captains," which also represents a kind of postmodern exploration. This work is intertwined with literary techniques, which is one of its prominent features, and serves as a bridge between science fiction stories, utopianism, and critical theories of international relations. However, it should be stated that the mentioned book aims at deconstructing modernist approaches to literature and the power structures that are used while defining global politics. The authors of this work, Elias Aghili and Paul John Amrod, while using epic storytelling intertwined with dystopian and utopian elements, have also used rich literary traditions from both Eastern and Western cultures in this direction. In this regard, this review analyzes the impact of the book on postmodernist discourse, exploring its noted literary techniques and broader thematic issues, especially its critique of power, identity, and narrative in terms of international relations.

The Practices of Historicism in Metamodern Condition

The paper answers the question, if metamodern, which replaced the postmodern discourse, is conceptually viable. The discussion is focused on a particular case of rethinking the Historicist views that are increasingly arising in connection with the task of creative justification of the theory of history. This problem is supposed to be solved, first, by showing that metamodern practices actualize a special type of subject that can be demanded in the context of creative attitude to history, and second, by analyzing what the strategies of constructing a newly emerging historicist narrative will be after the critique of the projects of ‘big stories’ put forward by postmodernity. By doing so, we aim to analyze the epistemological and aesthetic aspects of historicism in the metamodern condition. The return to the principles of Historicism on the grounds constructed by contemporary authors (B. Latour, G. Harman, D. Haraway, etc.) appears to be debatable, so the article pays special attention to the criticism of the conceptual issues and aspects associated with them. As a result of the study, we come to the following conclusions: metamodern requires the revival of a special subject, and the revival itself is by default connected with the aesthetic rethinking of the subject formed by the modern era and neutralized by postmodern relativism. Further, the metamodern subject can be described as ‘flickering’ in the sense that it is not a ready-made construct, but is in constant formation, passing through such ‘nodal points’ in which its conditioning by the totality of circumstances of the present is manifested. Finally, the aesthetic instruments that contribute to the formation of the metamodern subject also make it possible to form post-historical narratives, in which the principle of eventuality restores the unity of time and space of interaction between different actors.

Антипедагогіка як постмодерністський проєкт

The article is devoted to revealing the essential characteristics of antipedagogy in the context of postmodern discourse. It has been shown that the representatives of this pedagogical movement called for the abandonment of education as a purposeful process of personality formation, considering it totalitarian and aimed at depersonalization. The ideas of postmodernism, which contributed to the formation and development of antipedagogy and alternative education, have been presented in the article as follows: changing the status of knowledge in society; extrastructural, non-linear way of organizing integrity, which excludes rigid centralization, orderliness, and symmetry; a special modernity model, in which life orientations and values are not imposed on a person. It has been proved that the spread of these ideas on education and pedagogical science helped to substantiate the basic provisions of antipedagogy. The provisions are related to the refusal of the purposeful personality formation according to a certain pattern, imposition of worldview schemes, life guidelines and values, the requirement to establish symmetrical relations, equal dialogue between a teacher and a student. It has been emphasized that antipedagogy was not narrowed to criticism of traditional school education and pedagogical science, but offered alternative pedagogical methods based on the principle of spontaneous autonomy of a child. The methods contribute to the self-development and self-determination of a student. The ideas of antipedagogy and its constructive potential are implemented in alternative educational institutions.

“DISGRACE” BY J.M. COETZEE AS A POSTMODERN VARIATION OF THE NOVEL ABOUT A MUSICIAN

“DISGRACE” BY J.M. COETZEE AS A POSTMODERN VARIATION OF THE NOVEL ABOUT A MUSICIAN

GEORGES BERNANOS’ WRITING AS MODERNIST CODE OF FRANCOPHONIC METAMODERNISTIC SENSIBILITY

The article analyzes the presence of an intertext between literary prose and political essay writing by a representative of the French Catholic literary revival of the first half of the 20th century. - Georges Bernanos - within the limits of modern intergenre French literature. The example is the collection of essays by the French-speaking writer Juan Asensio. However, the broader context of the reactualization of modernist writing in the contemprorary literary process is shown. The metamodernist sensibility of the 2000s is considered to be a result of the end of the dominance of the postmodernist discourse, its main theorists are investigated and the reasons for its appearance are shown. The dialogic character of metamodernism with the clue ideas of both modernism and postmodernism is noted, which is a middle way between modernist enthusiasm and postmodernist irony and skepticism, between hope and melancholy, between empathy and apathy, between truth and relativism, between totality and fragmentation, between experience and omniscience. Linguistic etymology and semantic plurality of the concept of “metamodernism” at the epistemological, ontological and historical levels are shown. The basic characteristics of the metamodernist worldview are named, such as: the return of metanarratives, belief in the truth, sincerity, empathy, the return ofhistory, the seriousness of religious experience, the search for the real, the importance of subjective experience. On the basis of these categories, the intertextual connection of the texts of Bernanos and Asensio is revealed according to four categories based on G. Genette’s narratology. It is about architextuality, thus citation at the genre level, narrative and poetic-stylistic closeness, explicit citation and allusions, and Bernanos’ meta-literary criticism provided in a comparative way. It is proved that the writing of Georges Bernanos became not only an intertext, but also a productive pretext of modern French literature, although the radical prophetism of the former was turned into a voice that just found the right to the truth and sincerity.

The Postmodern World, Schizophrenia-Wise

We will go along the presumption that the schizoid/schizophrenic dimension is a constitutional element of the postmodern world. We will further explore especially the speed-induced schizoid/schizophrenic trait, starting in existentialism and beat, and coming into its own in science-fiction or rather in Philip K. Dick’s fiction, and also in pop culture or rather in Andy Warhol’s hoarding philosophy of life. We will finally get right into the core of the schizoid/schizophrenic idiom, which turns out to be roughly similar to the postmodern discourse.

Prozac-propelled Postmodern Poetry, Partly (I)

Quite fittingly derived from proficient and attack, coming onto the market in late 20-th century, being associated with protocol-abiding clinical psychiatry and gender-based postmodern discourse, Prozac is seen in what follows as a generic name for serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI-s) and, under its various names, it is further associated with creativity or rather poetic input. While providing the sense of a postmodern notion of subjectivity, the case studies in support of our analysis are found to experience a restoration, even if partial and temporary, of the hyperthemic or rather sanguine temperament.