Post-industrial Labour Research Articles

Methods of Increasing the Intensity of Innovative Development of the Higher Education Based on the Interaction of the Scientific and Education Spaces: The Managerial Aspect

The crisis of higher education in Russia is a particular manifestation of the systemic crisis of the country, related to the fact that the existing paradigm of the higher school, established in the industrial era, no longer meets the requirements of the post-industrial labor market. Representations of the educational services meeting the post-industrial paradigm of higher education allow creating a model of the “university environment.” This model shows that at the low efficiency of direct, i.e. classical education, the determining factor is the factor of interpersonal communication. This allows us to state that in the Russian conditions, the result achievement should be provided by modifying the basic paradigm, rather than investing financial and/or other resources. The article discusses the prerequisites and problems of the higher education reform in Russia and formulates necessary directions and methodological support for further development of higher education in the conditions of formation of an innovative economy. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s4p249

“Nothing Is to Be Preferred to the Work of God”: Cultivating Monastic Detachment for a Postindustrial Work Ethic

Traditional terms for theology of work, including co-creation and vocation, tend to overvalue work, abetting the alienating conditions of postindustrial labor. To develop a theology that can help workers make sense of work’s expansion, abstractness, and precarity, this essay proposes a postindustrial ethic of selective detachment from work. The Benedictine tradition offers a model. According to the Benedictine Rule, monastic work is important as a penitential practice but is strictly circumscribed, with prescriptions to forestall overinvestment in work. By detaching themselves from work, monastics cannot place labor ahead of prayer. In the medieval economy, monastic labor demonstrated work’s role in sanctification. Today, the Benedictine Rule demonstrates the need for worldly ascetical practices that will limit work so it does not inhibit someone seeking holiness.

Regulating the Risk of Unemployment: National Adaptations to Post-industrial Labour Markets in Europe

Regulating the Risk of Unemployment: National Adaptations to Post-industrial Labour Markets in Europe

The role of networks and connections in educational elites’ labour market entrance

Despite extensive research on the role of ‘personal’ capital on labour market transitions, little is known about how those with elite credentials use networks and connection to improve their labour market chances. This becomes especially relevant within debates on the meritocratic nature of the post-industrial labour market. This article investigates how networks and connections aid educational elites to gain entrance into the upper echelons of the graduate labour market in two countries: France and England. Using interview data from final year students from two elite higher education institutions, Science Po and the University of Oxford, it is assessed whether their elite educational experiences are translated into networks and connections that aid their future labour market positions. The findings reveal that in both countries students have extensive opportunities to familiarise themselves with elite employers and create useful networks. In addition, students frequently arrange exclusive internships to seek future opportunities. We argue that these networks and connections are inherent to the elite educational experience and they could therefore help contribute to a credentialisation of the graduate labour market.

Regulating the Risk of Unemployment: National Adaptations to Post-Industrial Labour Markets in Europe. Edited by Jochen Clasen and Daniel Clegg. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. 384p. $99.00. - Social Policy in the Smaller European Union States. Edited by Gary B. Cohen, Ben W. Ansell, Robert Henry Cox, and Jane Gingrich. New York: Berghahn, 2011. 300p. $95.00. - Dismantling Social

Regulating the Risk of Unemployment: National Adaptations to Post-Industrial Labour Markets in Europe. Edited by Jochen Clasen and Daniel Clegg. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. 384p. $55.00. - Volume 11 Issue 3

Schizoanalysis as a Method in Artistic Research

This exposition uses concepts of contamination, sponge and plasticity to approach the heterogeneity of a schizoanalytic practice - and as such as a method for artistic research. These concepts are singular to my research on the amalgamation of performance, subjectivity and contemporary forms of capitalism. My argument is to a large extent based on the theoretical thinking and practical works of Félix Guattari. The singular concept of ‘sponge’, developed here, can be linked to Guattari’s concept of chaosmosis and to the concept of plasticity, which has been reworked from its Hegelian comprehension by Catherine Malabou. The foundation of my research is my artistic practice in the field of performance art. It is a practice based research including three artistic works – “Loop Variations” (2008), “Life in Bytom” (2012) and “Astronomer” (2014). My aim is to predicate it within the larger context cognitive capitalism, the neoliberal economy and post-industrial labour. Artistic practice is a device located within and conditioned by each economic and political ideology or order. However, an artistic practice is not only a formal production, but also produces content, which is not yet categorized, in other words new. Often in the discourse of neoliberal culture production, this new is described with the word ‘innovation’. In my opinion these terms are not equivalent, but often contest each other. This exposition takes place at the convergence of performance studies, psychoanalysis, and the critique of neo-liberal capitalism. My overall aim is to produce a contribution in this convergence. What is the particular locus of a performer in the setting of performance art or social practices, where borders between everyday life, audience, performer, physical setting or duration are not explicit? This exposition includes some analysis of artistic works, which are tied in with the discourses of capitalism and subjectivity.

Clasen, Jochen; Clegg, Daniel (eds.). Regulating the risk of unemployment: National adaptations to post‐industrial labour markets in Europe. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011. xx, 404 pp. ISBN 978‐0‐19‐959229‐6.

International Social Security ReviewVolume 66, Issue 1 p. 117-120 Book Review Clasen Jochen; Clegg Daniel (eds.). Regulating the risk of unemployment: National adaptations to post-industrial labour markets in Europe. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011. xx, 404 pp. ISBN 978-0-19-959229-6. Hedva Sarfati, Hedva Sarfati Independent Consultant, Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author Hedva Sarfati, Hedva Sarfati Independent Consultant, Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 02 January 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12005Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume66, Issue1January‐March 2013Pages 117-120 RelatedInformation

Advising Students to Value and Develop Emotional Labor Skills for the Workplace

Emotional labor, the sociological term for the vocational use and suppression of emotion, represents valuable human capital in most occupations in the new economy. However, Millennials often fail to recognize emotional labor as a transferable skill necessary for acquiring and succeeding in future careers. We explain the concept of emotional labor, describe the skills necessary to properly control and express vocationally appropriate emotions, explain the reasons that emotional labor is important in postindustrial labor markets, and make recommendations concerning the ways academic advisors can help Millennials to respect and deliberately practice emotional labor in advising, academic, and customer service work.

Erratum: Employment inequalities through busts and booms: The changing roles of health and education in Norway 1980-2005

In this article, we study trends in employment by education and long-standing illness (LSI), and discuss whether the findings are compatible with business cycle fluctuations or postindustrial labour market developments. Our analyses are based on data on the working age population (aged 25—66 years) from the Norwegian Survey of Living Conditions (1980—2005). We find increasing differences in employment between those reporting LSI and those who do not, while gender differences are getting smaller. Interaction terms from logistic regression analyses between time and LSI, and time and education, indicate that people with lower education and those reporting LSI are more often found outside the labour market over time. While the 1980s recession did not have much impact on employment inequalities, the more severe 1990s recession coincided with widening employment inequalities by education and health. Periods of economic recovery did not mitigate these inequalities. The study concludes that health and educational inequalities in employment have been rising in Norway since 1980. As business cycle changes alone could not account for the development, elements of the postindustrial labour market are discussed and considered.

The Unequal Incidence of Non-Standard Employment Across Occupational Groups: An Empirical Analysis of Post-Industrial Labour Markets in Germany and Europe

The paper addresses an often neglected question in labour market research: to which extent do outcomes aggregated on the national level disguise occupational diversity in employment conditions? In particular, how and why do occupational groups differ with regard to the incidence of non-standard employment? To explore these questions, the paper derives a detailed occupational scheme from the literature, capturing the variety of labour market outcomes within countries. In a second step, the scheme is theoretically linked to the topic of non-standard work. It is argued that different degrees of skill specificity across occupational groups produce diverging incentives for flexible and long-term employment, respectively. This leads to the expectation of (some) service-sector occupations showing stronger tendencies towards non-standard employment than those in the industrial sector. Based on European and German micro data, the categorisation is used to decompose various labour market indicators. The results clearly demonstrate the unequal incidence of non-standard employment along the lines of the suggested categorisation. Moreover, the longitudinal perspective suggests that traditionally functioning occupational groups will be crowded out by more destandardised ones.

FEMINISM SEDUCED

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. The body of this article is drawn from Hester Eisenstein, Feminism Seduced: How Global Elites Use Women's Labor and Ideas to Exploit the World (Boulder and London: Paradigm Publishers, 2009). Reprinted by permission of Paradigm Publishers; all rights reserved. 2. From an announcement for ‘Womenomics Part I—Women and the Global Economy’, Thursday 31 January 2008, Demos Forum, New York City. Series sponsored by the Women's Leadership Initiative. 3. I use the terms Global South or Third World to designate those countries still struggling with the after-effects of colonialism. The mainstream press uses the term ‘emerging markets’ to refer to countries that are seen as promising targets of international investment. 4. By ‘hegemonic’ feminism I mean a commonsense, everyday understanding of feminism that permeates the media and that is widely accepted as what feminism connotes in the mind of the public. I am modelling this expression on ‘hegemonic masculinity’, the locution coined by R.W. Connell (1995 Connell, R. W. 1995. Masculinities, Berkeley: University of California Press. [Google Scholar]). 5. My argument here echoes the analysis set forth by Judith Stacey in her work on post-industrial society. As she writes: In the late 1980s, I suggested that second-wave feminism had served as an unwitting midwife to postindustrial society … Legitimate feminist critiques of women's economic dependency and mandatory domesticity in the 1950s modern family, I argued, had provided unintended ideological support for the massive entry of women into the labor force and its complex interaction with rising divorce rates and family instability that were already under way. In that sense feminism unwittingly had abetted the shift from industrial to postindustrial labor practices that ultimately eroded real wages, weakened labor unions, undermined public support for welfare entitlements, and increased class inequality. Paradoxically, therefore, women's efforts to achieve gender equality with men contributed to forces that yielded the feminization of poverty and increased inequality among women (and men). (Stacey 2006 Stacey, Judith. 2006. Not acquiescence, but multilingual resistance. WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly, 34(1/2): 63–68. [Google Scholar], 63) 6. Aid to Families with Dependent Children was a federal assistance program operating from 1935 to 1996 (under several different names) which provided financial assistance to parents, primarily mothers, and their children in low-income families. 7. See Boris (1998 Boris, Eileen. 1998. Introduction: Scholarship and activism: The case of welfare justice. Feminist Studies, 24(1): 27–31. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) on the coalition of activists and academics known as the Women's Committee of 100, which brought together feminist scholars and grassroots activists, and the rest of the special issue of Feminist Studies—24 (1) (1998)—devoted to this topic. 8. Section 8 of the US Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 authorised the Housing Choice Voucher Program which sponsored subsidised housing for low-income families and individuals. 9. Over the past three decades, increasing numbers of women have become sex workers, maids, workers in export production, or microfinance recipients to earn incomes in the restructured global economy. Many must migrate domestically or internationally to obtain this work … These ‘industries’ now span the globe, occurring in most areas of the developing world as well as throughout industrialized countries. (Pyle and Ward 2003 Pyle, Jean L and ward, Kathryn B. 2003. Recasting our understanding of gender and work during global restructuring. International Sociology, 18(3): 461–89. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], 470) 10. For a comprehensive account of the widespread policy assault on women's interests and rights under the Bush administration, see Finlay (2006 Finlay, Barbara. 2006. George W. Bush and the war on women: Turning back the clock on progress, New York: Zed Books. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]). 11. Moghadam is drawing here on the framework developed in the anthology edited by Deniz Kandiyoti on Women, Islam and the State (see Kandiyoti 1991 Kandiyoti , Deniz 1991 . Women, Islam and the state . Philadelphia : Temple University Press .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]). These essays show the variety of conditions for women in different Islamic nations, revealing that the major variables are not the presence of Islam but the history of state formation and economic development for each country.

Employment Inequalities Through Busts and Booms

In this article, we study trends in employment by education and longstanding illness (LSI), and discuss whether the findings are compatible with business cycle fluctuations or postindustrial labour market developments. Our analyses are based on data on the working age population (aged 25—66 years) from the Norwegian Survey of Living Conditions (1980—2005). We find increasing differences in employment between those reporting LSI and those who do not, while gender differences are getting smaller. Interaction terms from logistic regression analyses between time and LSI and time and education indicate that people with lower education and those reporting LSI are more often found outside the labour market over time. While the 1980s recession did not have much impact on employment inequalities, the more severe 1990s recession coincided with widening employment inequalities by education and health. Periods of economic recovery did not lessen these inequalities. The study concludes that health and educational inequalities in employment have been rising in Norway since 1980. As business cycle changes alone could not account for the development, elements of the postindustrial labour market are discussed and considered.

Neoliberalism’s Last Lap? NASCAR Nation and the Cultural Politics of Sport

This article examines the ways in which cultural and political intermediaries have endeavored to systematically reorganize the spectacles of North American stock car racing to reinscribe and re-present the hegemonic order of free-market capitalism. To this end, the authors draw from a complex synthesis of economic, social, and cultural theory to interrogate the political and corporate dimensions of “NASCAR Nation.” More specifically, they offer a critical investigation of the dialectic relationship between the expanding regimes of capital accumulation brought forth by neoliberal economic policy, its political imperatives and operatives, and the cultural politics that actively shape consumer experiences within the sport. They likewise interpret how corporate capitalism acts as a prevailing fixture within these spectacular spaces and fan-spectator praxis. In sum, they argue that the commercial precepts of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) present a twisted contradiction, whereby NASCAR fans laud the same neoliberal market forces that both mesmerize their consumer sensibilities and simultaneously decimate their own postindustrial labor conditions.

Quantity Over Quality? A European Comparison of the Changing Nature of Transitions between Non-Employment and Employment

This paper explores the empirical evidence for the claim that non-employed men and women in post-industrial labour markets are more likely to make the transition into employment than has previously been the case. It concludes that whilst the unemployed and the inactive remain distinct groups with regards to transitions into employment, post-industrial labour markets have indeed become more inclusive. Only a few countries saw decreased odds of transition over time for the unemployed, controlling for macro-economic conditions. The picture for the inactive is more mixed cross-nationally. Regarding the question whether an increasingly inclusive labour market is associated with a reduction in job quality, as measured by contract type, the study finds that there is a trend towards more precarious employment for the recently non-employed in some countries such as the Czech Republic, France, Italy and Belgium. In Denmark, Spain, the UK and Hungary, however, there was the opposite trend towards more permanent employment.

Social Tenants, Attachment to Place and Work in the Post-industrial Labour Market: Underlining the Limits of Housing-based Explanations of Labour Immobility?

Policy makers have increasingly highlighted the role of social housing in restricting the job-related mobility of tenants. This paper, drawing upon in-depth interviews with residents of the Manor estate in Sheffield, discusses the strength of housing-based explanations of worklessness. It finds that residents have responded to economic transformation by drawing on locally concentrated social networks and are unwilling to sever these close ties in order to access jobs that are frequently experienced as exploitative and demeaning. Consequently, their inertia can be viewed as a rational response to the low paid, chronically insecure jobs available in the post-industrial labour market. The author concludes that the significance of housing-based explanations of labour immobility is that they are simultaneously congruent with welfare reform that uses a compulsive strategy to enforce work habits and provide ammunition for those antagonistic to the principle of social housing.

Indulging Our Gendered Selves? Sex Segregation by Field of Study in 44 Countries

Data from 44 societies are used to explore sex segregation by field of study. Contrary to accounts linking socioeconomic modernization to a "degendering" of public-sphere institutions, sex typing of curricular fields is stronger in more economically developed contexts. The authors argue that two cultural forces combine in advanced industrial societies to create a new sort of sex segregation regime. The first is gender-essentialist ideology, which has proven to be extremely resilient even in the most liberal-egalitarian of contexts; the second is self-expressive value systems, which create opportunities and incentives for the expression of "gendered selves." Multivariate analyses suggest that structural features of postindustrial labor markets and modern educational systems support the cultivation, realization, and display of gender-specific curricular affinities.

The politics of employment-friendly welfare reforms in post-industrial economies

The transition to post-industrialism has generated a range of new tensions between welfare arrangements and labour market performance, which confront today's welfare states with new challenges for employment-friendly recalibration, such as flexicurity, activation and work-care conciliation. Hence, the question of whether, how and to what extent current welfare states are able to adapt to the conditions and needs of post-industrial labour markets has become a major issue in recent welfare state research. This article identifies and discusses key debates in this literature on the politics of employment-friendly reforms. It first focuses on the general capacity for reform in mature welfare states and then discusses regime-specific reform politics, since post-industrialism confronts different welfare regimes with very different challenges. For each regime, the article proposes a range of research frontiers and open debates which we consider particularly relevant and fruitful avenues for future theorizing and research.

Offenders in the post-industrial labour market: from the underclass to the undercaste?

UK policy makers have increasingly sought to improve the employment prospects of offenders to help reduce re-offending. Yet the past 40 years have witnessed profound changes in the nature of work. This article examines how offenders have been affected by economic transformation and the possible implications for re-offending. The author finds that the possession of a criminal record was a minor inconvenience to finding work in the industrial labour market of the 1960s. However, deindustrialisation and the growing service intensity of the economy have relegated many to the margins of the labour market with potentially profound implications for re-offending.

Interactions in Expert Service Work

Using participant observation and in-depth interviews, the author explores the experiences of a relatively new form of semiprofessionals, personal trainers, to advance our understandings of the complexities of interactive service work. Personal training is a compelling example of the increasing number of occupations that require workers to use emotional labor and specialized knowledge to provide customized service for individual clients. The author examines a range of service interactions that occur in personal training sessions to explore how workers demonstrated their professionalism and negotiated the competing demands of their jobs. This study provides an extension to the extant understanding of “expert service work” by highlighting the unique features of hybrid forms of work emerging in the postindustrial labor market. Furthermore, it extends implications about workers who are in a rapidly expanding, but not yet fully credentialized, profession and how they manage their selves to legitimate their contributions for potential clients. This research also raises a number of questions surrounding the gendered accomplishment of professionalism.

Offenders in the post-industrial labour market: lubricating the revolving door?

Offenders in the post-industrial labour market: lubricating the revolving door?