Possible Portal Of Entry Research Articles

I. Observation on yaws and certain skin diseases in Manono, Western Samoa

1. (1) Residents of the Island of Manono, Western Samoa, numbering 765, were examined and their skin diseases recorded. Scabies occurred in 22 per cent.; impetigo in 32 per cent.; cutaneous manifestations of yaws occurred in 31 per cent., and of these, 13 per cent. had infective lesions. Other skin diseases were recorded. 2. (2) The site of the primary lesion was found to be on some part of the leg in 69 per cent. of the 44 lesions recognized. 3. (3) The incidence of yaws in Samoa in the earliest age-groups is noted. Sabre tibia was the most common bone lesion associated with yaws. Other non-cutaneous manifestations are described. 4. (4) The importance of impetigo as a possible portal of entry for yaws is noted.

Bacillus acidi lactici meningitis in a newborn infant

Summary A case of meningitis due to Bacillus acidi lactici in a newborn infant is reported. Review of the literature shows that only four instances of meningitis due to this organism have been reported. Three were in newborn infants and one in an adult, and none survived. The possible portals of entry are considered.

Louping-Ill in Monkeys. Infection by the Nose

Louping-Ill as is now known from the work carried out at the Moredun Institute, Edinburgh, during the last 10 years can be transmitted by the tickIxodes ricinus. Under natural conditions the disease is probably most commonly spread by this means. The possibility that infection might result, at any rate under experimental conditions, by other means than the intervention of an arthropod vector has been the starting point of the following investigation. The nasopharynx as a possible portal of entry was considered first because it is so often incriminated in many of the virus diseases of man. Furthermore, Webster and Fite (1933) and Elford and Galloway (1933) have shown that mice can be infected with the virus of louping-ill by the nasal instillation of potent filtrates or suspensions of infective brain. Fresh importance has been added to this alternative route of entry of the virus by the occurrence of a number of cases of laboratory infections amongst those who have studied the experimental disease. Rivers and Schwentker (1934), who have recorded these cases, give reasons for incriminating the nose as the portal of entry.