Possibility Of Application Research Articles

Perspective or Spectacle? Teaching thoracic aortic anatomy in a mixed reality assisted educational approach– a two-armed randomized pilot study

PurposeAnatomical understanding is an important basis for medical teaching, especially in a surgical context. The interpretation of complex vascular structures via two-dimensional visualization can yet be difficult, particularly for students. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of an MxR-assisted educational approach in vascular surgery undergraduate education, comparing an MxR-based teaching-intervention with CT-based material for learning and understanding the vascular morphology of the thoracic aorta.MethodsIn a prospective randomized controlled trial learning success and diagnostic skills following an MxR- vs. a CT-based intervention was investigated in 120 thoracic aortic visualizations. Secondary outcomes were motivation, system-usability as well as workload/satisfaction. Motivational factors and training-experience were also assessed. Twelve students (7 females; mean age: 23 years) were randomized into two groups undergoing educational intervention with MxR or CT.ResultsEvaluation of learning success showed a mean improvement of 1.17 points (max.score: 10; 95%CI: 0.36–1.97). The MxR-group has improved by a mean of 1.33 [95% CI: 0.16–2.51], against 1.0 points [95% CI: -0.71- 2.71] in the CT-group. Regarding diagnostic skills, both groups performed equally (CT-group: 58.25 ± 7.86 vs. MxR-group:58.5 ± 6.60; max. score 92.0). 11/12 participants were convinced that MxR facilitated learning of vascular morphologies. The usability of the MxR-system was rated positively, and the perceived workload was low.ConclusionMxR-systems can be a valuable addition to vascular surgery education. Further evaluation of the technology in larger teaching situations are required. Especially regarding the acquisition of practical skills, the use of MxR-systems offers interesting application possibilities in surgical education.

HIGH-ORDER ZIG-ZAG THEORIES TO STATIC LAMINATED COMPOSITE BEAM ANALYSIS BY THE RAYLEIGH-RITZ METHOD

Technological advancements across various engineering fields have grown demand for highly efficient materials for specific applications. Laminated composite materials have emerged as a promising solution, offering a combination of favorable mechanical properties by layering different materials. Theories, such as zig-zag theories, have been developed to predict the mechanical behavior of these materials under external stresses. This study investigates the outcomes provided by the Rayleigh-Ritz variational method, employing different approximation functions, particularly focusing on unified higher-order zig-zag kinematics. All proposed shape functions agree to the reference values, but the model with polynomial shape function shows more applications possibilities. Keywords: composite materials, composite laminated beams, zig-zag theory, Rayleigh-Ritz method.

Surface Passivation of Norland Optical Adhesive Improves the Guiding Efficiency of Gliding Microtubules in Microfluidic Devices.

The microtubule-kinesin biomolecular motor system, which is vital for cellular function, holds significant promise for nanotechnological applications. In vitro gliding assays have demonstrated the ability to transport microcargo by propelling microtubules across kinesin-coated surfaces. However, the uncontrolled directional motion of microtubules has posed significant challenges, limiting the system's application for precise cargo delivery. Microfluidic devices provide a means to direct microtubule movement through their geometric features. Norland Optical Adhesive (NOA) is valued for its mold-free application in microfluidic device fabrication; however, microtubules often climb up channel walls, limiting controlled movement. In this study, a surface passivation method for NOA is introduced, using polyethylene glycol via a thiol-ene click reaction. This technique significantly improved the directional control and concentration of microtubules within NOA microchannels. This approach presents new possibilities for the precise application of biomolecular motors in nanotechnology, enabling advancements in the design of microfluidic systems for complex biomolecular manipulations.

4D printing of magneto-responsive shape memory nano-composite for stents

Abstract This study focuses on the 4D printing simulation technique of magneto-responsive shape memory nanocomposite stents. A nanocomposite material was created by incorporating polycaprolactone, a shape memory material, with Fe3O4 to enhance magnetic responsiveness and stiffness. Tensile tests were conducted, and the material properties were applied to finite element analysis. Shape memory experiments were also performed to measure the temperature at which shape memory progression occurs due to magnetic response. In the 4D printing simulation, different coefficients of thermal expansion and the measured temperatures were reflected in the sections where shape memory is activated to implement shape memory behavior. The specimen simulation confirmed shape memory behavior progressing from 145 degrees to 3 degrees, while the stent simulation demonstrated satisfactory expansion to a radius of 3 mm. This study proposes a controllable method for implementing shape memory considering temperatures induced by magnetic response, showing potential for various medical device applications.

Nanostructure impact on electrocatalysis in gold nanodimers via electrochemiluminescence microscopy.

This study explores the mechanism of enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) due to the coupling effect in gold nanodimers (Au NDs) with precisely controlled interparticle distances via electrochemiluminescence microscopy (ECLM). Our research revealed that the enhancement in ECL was predominantly attributed to increased charge density and elevated electric fields resulting from overlapping electrochemical double layers. These findings offer new insights into the fundamental processes that govern nanostructure-mediated electrocatalysis, opening up exciting possibilities for future applications.

Technology Integration in Foreign Language Teacher Training Programs: Exploring Cutting-Edge Tools and Applications for Professional Development

The incorporation of technology into the training of foreign language teachers has garnered considerable interest among educators, who have increasingly acknowledged the inherent possibilities of innovative tools and applications in augmenting their professional growth. Notwithstanding, these tools allow educators to remain abreast of the most current pedagogical methodologies, augment their instructional expertise, and proficiently cater to the varied requirements of students. This study investigates the incorporation of these tools within the instructional program of educators specializing in foreign languages; with the ultimate aim of unveiling the views of relevant stakeholders on how these tools aid in strengthening their professional growth. The study involved the participation of 107 individuals, comprising both foreign language university lecturers and teacher trainers. Furthermore, a quantitative method of analysis was adopted in analyzing the research data that was collated through the use of an online questionnaire. Several significant findings were made from the research data which were presented and analyzed. The research findings revealed that technology integration seamlessly paves the way for the professional development of foreign language educators. Also, a comprehensive training program, provision of ongoing professional development opportunities, peer collaboration, and establishment of feedback and evaluation mechanisms can aid in countering major limitations of the implementation of technology integration.

MICROWAVE THERMOLYSIS OF HEAVY OIL IN THE PRESENCE OF AN IRON-BASED CATALYST

Global demand for energy is growing every year, and there is also a decrease in reserves of traditional hydrocarbons. Today, the share of highly viscous and bitumen oil reserves is 25 % of the world. Production of extra-viscous oils will grow around the world.In order to solve the problem of developing highly viscous and bitumen deposits and increase oil recovery, we offer a technology for using aquatermolysis catalyst. Experience in the use of in-situ chemical conversion of organic matter has shown sufficient effectiveness in solving this problem.In this work, laboratory studies were carried out to improve the rheological characteristics of highly viscous and bituminous oils using microwave exposure using an iron-based catalyst precursor.The addition of a catalyst precursor containing iron nanoparticles provides more uniform and higher-speed heating when the formation is exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic radiation. This heating technology has been used in various fields to achieve environmental safety and high energy savings, in comparison with traditional methods that cannot achieve these indicators. The proposed technology simplifies the development process by eliminating the injection of coolants, thereby providing prospects for the processes of intensification of production and its subsequent transportation.In order to assess the possibility of effective application of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to the formation in a particular field, first of all, data on the rheological characteristics of oil after exposure should be presented.These laboratory studies showed a decrease in viscosity under microwave exposure in the presence of a catalyst up to 1.8 times compared to the original oil sample. A decrease in viscosity characteristics was recorded already from a five-minute microwave exposure, as well as a change in the component composition of the oil, the tar content decreases by 27 % relative to the initial oil sample. This combination of the two methods of action provides new opportunities for the development of new technologies, as well as more efficient production of heavy oil.

An Improved Multi-Chaotic Public Key Algorithm Based on Chebyshev Polynomials

Due to the similar characteristics of chaotic systems and cryptography, public key encryption algorithms based on chaotic systems are worth in-depth research and have high value for the future. Chebyshev polynomials have good properties and are often used in the design of public key algorithms. This paper improves the Bose Multi-Chaotic Public Key Cryptographic Algorithm (BMPKC) by applying Chebyshev polynomials. The proposed algorithm (CMPKC-) introduces the selective coefficient based on the properties of Chebyshev polynomials, allowing the special functions that need to be negotiated in the original system to be freely and randomly chosen as Chebyshev polynomials, and can also be expanded to m levels. The improved cryptographic algorithm also utilizes chaotic hash functions and logistic mapping to generate pseudo-random sequences and overcomes shortcomings of the Bose algorithm by iteratively iterating the selected Chebyshev polynomials based on the number of 0s or 1s in the pseudo-random sequence, thus providing better security. Analysis and software testing results indicate that this algorithm has strong robustness against brute force attacks, achieving a higher attack time for breaking the private key compared to the CEPKC, BMPKC, and CMPKC algorithms. Compared to the CMPKC algorithm, our proposal algorithm achieves better performance in the encryption and decryption phases. Furthermore, we combine this Multi-Chaotic System Key Exchange Protocol with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, while providing a demonstration, offering more possibilities for practical applications of this system.

Melanins: functional properties and application possibilities in medical practice

Introduction. The article provides information on the functional properties of various melanins and their biosynthesis, as well as natural sources of their production, the use of medicines and dietary supplements containing melanin in medical practice. To do this, a systematic search was conducted in the databases: CyberLeninka, eLibrary, PubMed, SAGE Premier, Springer, Wiley Journals, over the past 10 years (2013–2023). As a result of the review, it was revealed that melanins are widespread in living organisms and are an important natural biomaterial. Melanins of microbial, fungal, animal and plant origin are known, they are divided into five types, of which the most studied are eumelanin, pheomelanin and neuromelanin. A number of studies are presented that prove that melanins are characterized by a wide range of biological activity. They have photoprotective, radioprotective, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory stress-protective, geroprotective, antioxidant, detoxification and anti-inflammatory effects. Information is provided on the possible use of melanin in the complex therapy of melanoma, Parkinson's disease and neurodegenerative diseases, to protect the skin and eyes from radiation damage, correct stress conditions and prevent infectious diseases during the epidemic season. It has been shown that melanin chaga is widely used in domestic medicine in the form of medicines (Befungin) and dietary supplements. An important difference between them is the concentration of melanin, the method of its isolation and purification, as well as the manufacturing technology, which is demonstrated in the article. A biologically active additive with an additional source of β-glucans and polyphenols Amelan is considered, the main active component of which is melanin of fungal origin obtained by a method that increases the yield of melanin and improves its quality by increasing the concentration of its paramagnetic centers compared with melanin obtained without the specified pretreatment of fruit bodies. Conclusion. The information presented in the article on melanins and their functional properties indicates the prospects of using melanins as a source for the production of medicines and biologically active additives.

Application of Methodology for Defining the Adjoining Lands and Flooding River Strips in Bulgaria in a GIS Environment Upon Bridge Facility Designing

The "Methodology for defining the adjoining lands and flooding rivers stripes in Bulgaria” (MALFARS) has been developed in 2012 based on the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive 2000/60. In this article we investigated another aspect of MALFARS application. We have reviewed the possibilities for methodology application upon designing of bridge facilities within the researched river section. The study presents the application of the Methodology for the designing of a bridge facility over the Dzherman River upon the maximum dimensional water quantities calculated for the studied section of the river. We have used GIS instruments to analyze and evaluate the results obtained for the parameters of the maximum runoff and the conductivity of the river section. The results present the defined flooding zones of the adjoining river areas/stripes, good conductivity of the road facility, hydraulic and geometric characteristics of the runoff in the investigated river section in cases of high water levels

NON-DRUG TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CORRECTION OF POST-STRESS DISORDERS

Objective. To analyze effectiveness of the original complex of psychocorrection and transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation (TENS) in patients with post-stress disorders. Materials and methods. The study involved 120 men whose professional activity is associated with a high level of stress. The study participants were divided into 2 groups depending on their age: younger than 40 years (n=60) and older than 55 years (n=60). Patients underwent clinical examination, psychological testing, and clinical examination of cardiovascular activity. At the 1st stage, two types of psychorelaxation (autogenic and respiratory training) were compared (each group was divided into 2 subgroups [n=30] depending on the type of training). In the 2nd stage, each group was divided into 2 subgroups (n=30) in which true hardware technique (TENS) or its imitation in the form of placebo was applied. Results. The analysis of the results of psychorelaxation showed its greater effectiveness (regardless of the type) in the middle-aged group, whereas in older patients the higher effectiveness of respiratory training was established. In spite of this, psychorelaxation (irrespective of its type) was less effective in correction of psychosomatic disorders in elderly patients in comparison with the middle-aged group, which determines the possibility of additional application of TENS in the elderly group. At the same time, the combined application of respiratory training and TENS contributed to a reliable increase in the effectiveness of treatment. Conclusion. The study has shown the effectiveness of the proposed therapeutic complex (psychocorrection and TENS), which indicates the prospect of its introduction into the practice of new programs for restoring the health of socially important contingents.

Exploration of Na-based NaXO3 (X = Ge, Si) oxide-perovskites: A density functional theory study

The physical properties of Na-based NaXO3 (X = Ge, Si) oxide-perovskite have been explored within the density functional theory (DFT)-based CASTEP code. Both compounds have a cubic shape with a space group Pm3m. Thestructural stability of these compounds has been assessed byemploying the formation enthalpy computations. Regarding the electronic properties, it was found that NaGeO3 and NaSiO3 are p-typesemiconducting materials with an indirect band gap. The total density of states (TDOS) and partial density of states (PDOS) confirm the amount of electron concentration in specific bands. Both materials absorb light more strongly, in the ultraviolet spectrum. Therefore, we believe these materials are good candidates for electronics and optoelectronic applications associated with collecting UV light. It is also found that the cubic forms of both compounds simplify their mechanical stability. These results not only enhance our understanding of NaXO3 materials but also open up new possibilities for the potential applications of these materials in various technological applications.

Water-Induced Shape-Locking Magnetic Robots.

Untethered magnetic soft robots capable of performing adaptive locomotion and shape reconfiguration open up possibilities for various applications owing to their flexibility. However, magnetic soft robots are typically composed of soft materials with fixed modulus, making them unable to exert or withstand substantial forces, which limits the exploration of their new functionalities. Here, water-induced, shape-locking magnetic robots with magnetically controlled shape change and water-induced shape-locking are introduced. The water-induced phase separation enables these robots to undergo a modulus transition from 1.78MPa in the dry state to 410MPa after hydration. Moreover, the body material's inherent self-healing property enables the direct assembly of morphing structures and magnetic soft robots with complicated structures and magnetization profiles. These robots can be delivered through magnetic actuation and perform programmed tasks including supporting, blocking, and grasping by on-demand deformation and subsequent water-induced stiffening. Moreover, a water-stiffening magnetic stent is developed, and its precise delivery and water-induced shape-locking are demonstrated in a vascular phantom. The combination of untethered delivery, on-demand shape change, and water-induced stiffening properties makes the proposed magnetic robots promising for biomedical applications.

Ultrafast reaction kinetic of polyaniline in flexible hydrogel electrodes facilitated by graphene ribbons

Abstract By loading energy storage active materials on hydrogel which is inherently flexible, the flexibility of electrode materials can be simply realized, thereby achieving the flexibility of energy storage devices. However, the polymer network that constructs the three-dimensional skeleton of the hydrogel is not conductive, which inhibits the redox ability of the active material. If a high speed conductive structure can be added to the colloidal phase, the performance of the flexible electrode material can be greatly improved. Here, we introduce redox graphene ribbons into the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel loaded with polyaniline. The in situ three-dimensional conductive graphene network greatly enhanced the conductivity of the hydrogel electrode, thus increasing the specific capacitance to as high as 1117 F g−1 at 2 mg cm−2 mass loading, with a retention ratio of 66.96% from 0.5 A g−1 to 20 A g−1. These highlighted properties enable the PRP hydrogel as an electrode for flexible supercapacitors, which provides a promising possibility for the practical application of wearable electronics.

Investigation and experimental evaluation of a mono-pixel X-ray system in healthcare

Abstract The acquisition of two-dimensional X-ray images (of non-human objects) is quite expensive, primarily due to the costly flat-panel or line detectors. Reducing these costs could open up new possibilities in healthcare applications, such as inspecting limb prostheses for cracks and defects or safety-related material testing of helmets and child seats. In this contribution, two different setups of low-cost mono-pixel X-ray scanners are described: a small scanner with a working volume of 20 x 20 x 20 cm3 and a large system with a volume of 150 x 230 x 110 cm3. Using these novel mono-pixel X-ray scanning systems, various objects - ranging from an X-ray phantom and a human skull phantom to a high-end limb prosthesis with integrated electronics - were scanned and investigated. Compared to conventional X-ray systems, the mono-pixel systems can depict these objects without the distortion problems of cone beam detectors. Although the scanning procedure is time-consuming, the results are quite promising. Mono-pixel X-ray-scanning is a novel modality capable of scanning largescale objects with low-dose radiation. While it is currently not suitable for human applications due to the long scanning times, it can still be used for the non-destructive testing of large-scale medical devices, such as e.g. arm and leg prosthesis.

A three-band narrow-band terahertz perfect absorber for patch antennas and other sensors

We have studied a multi-mode resonance and actively tunable high-sensitivity terahertz perfect absorber using a microstructured Dirac semimetal. The absorber is composed of gold-dielectric-Dirac semimetal three-layer structure, which has good optical sensing characteristics. The absorber produces three perfect absorption modes (>95%) in the range of 2–6 THz, with a minimum bandwidth (FWHM) of 0.18 THz. We studied the adaptability of the device response mode to the actual complex electromagnetic environment by simulating the deflection incident angle. In addition, we also analyzed the influence of various parameter variables on the absorption performance, which provides a clearer idea and more possibilities for the wider application of the device. In terms of sensing detection, the absorber has a maximum refractive index sensitivity S of 610 GHz/RIU and a maximum figure of merit FOM of 3.4 in the ambient refractive index range of 1 to 1.8. Finally, we also realized the tunable absorption frequency of the absorber in 60–80 meV. We believe that based on the good optical properties of the absorber, the device has potential application value in communication technology, space exploration and so on.

Possibilities of Application of Neuro-Fuzzy Networks for Ophthalmologic Image Classification

Possibilities of Application of Neuro-Fuzzy Networks for Ophthalmologic Image Classification

ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL GUIDELINES FOR STANDARDIZATION OF FINANCIAL REPORTING OF ENTERPRISES AS SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

This article aims to present an approach for determining the most effective administrative and legal guidelines for the standardization of financial reporting in modern open socio-economic systems. It emphasizes the current state of financial reporting of these open socio-economic systems at the time of analysis and the application of the proposed approach. As the most common form of open socio-economic systems today, enterprises are taken as the basis. The method of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), which encompasses various approaches to decision-making based on multiple criteria, including hierarchical analysis, was applied. In addition to its comprehensiveness, the method of pairwise comparison, which involves the use of two elements for comparison, was also applied. Experts were involved in the assessment and determination of the administrative and legal guidelines. As a result, an approach to forming key administrative and legal guidelines for the standardization of financial reporting was developed, which, unlike other similar approaches, aims to take into account external environmental factors and the changes they bring in order to try to adjust financial reporting standardization policies in complex development conditions. The practical value is revealed in the possibility of application by state bodies and structures involved in the development and establishment of financial reporting standards in Ukraine.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT IN RECREATIONAL ENTERPRISES: THE IMPACT OF RISKS ON FINANCIAL SECURITY

In the article, we present a methodological approach to evaluating international logistics management in the context of ensuring financial security through the development of an appropriate model for assessing indicators and risks that influence it. The research focuses on enterprises in the recreational sector. Structural-logical analysis methods were applied for modelling and graphical methods for their visualization. The fundamental method was the technique of evaluation using fuzzy sets. In this context, the MATLAB system served as the basis for more effective modelling. The article demonstrates that the evaluation of international management begins with the analysis of key performance indicators and risks. As a result of the research, a methodological approach to evaluating the effectiveness of international logistics management in the recreational sphere was formed. The main goal of such management is efficient planning and execution of logistics operations, which ensure continuity and high quality of recreational services at an international level, cost optimization, and increased customer satisfaction. However, to achieve this, it is necessary to properly assess risks and key indicators in the context of ensuring an adequate level of financial security. The proposed approach to evaluation focuses on identifying logistics risks, providing a comprehensive understanding of the problems and opportunities in the context of enhancing financial security. Looking ahead, it is necessary to more closely consider the possibility of practical application for specifically selected enterprises in the recreational sphere and to evaluate not only risks but also threats to financial security.

Graphic association learning: Multimodal feature extraction and fusion of image and text using artificial intelligence techniques

With the advancement of technology in recent years, the application of artificial intelligence in real life has become more extensive. Graphic recognition is a hot spot in the current research of related technologies. It involves machines extracting key information from pictures and combining it with natural language processing for in-depth understanding. Existing methods still have obvious deficiencies in fine-grained recognition and deep understanding of contextual context. Addressing these issues to achieve high-quality image-text recognition is crucial for various application scenarios, such as accessibility technologies, content creation, and virtual assistants. To tackle this challenge, a novel approach is proposed that combines the Mask R-CNN, DCGAN, and ALBERT models. Specifically, the Mask R-CNN specializes in high-precision image recognition and segmentation, the DCGAN captures and generates nuanced features from images, and the ALBERT model is responsible for deep natural language processing and semantic understanding of this visual information. Experimental results clearly validate the superiority of this method. Compared to traditional image-text recognition techniques, the recognition accuracy is improved from 85.3% to 92.5%, and performance in contextual and situational understanding is enhanced. The advancement of this technology has far-reaching implications for research in machine vision and natural language processing and open new possibilities for practical applications.