Positive Thinking Research Articles

Memory control immediately improves unpleasant emotions associated with autobiographical memories of past immoral actions

ABSTRACT The ability to stop unwanted memories from coming to mind is theorised to be essential for maintaining good mental health. People can employ intentional strategies to prevent conscious intrusions of negative memories, and repeated attempts to stop retrieval both reduces the frequency of intrusions and improves subsequent emotions elicited by those memories. However, it is still unknown whether memory control can improve negative emotions immediately, at the time control is attempted. It is also not clear which strategy is most beneficial for emotion regulation; clearing the mind of any thoughts of negative memories via direct suppression, or substituting memory recall with alternative thoughts. Here, we provide novel evidence that memory control immediately regulates negative emotions associated with autobiographical memories of morally wrong actions. Repeated control significantly improved negative emotions over time, regardless of the strategy used to implement control. Thought substitution involving either positive diversionary thinking or counterfactual thinking both induced positive feelings, whereas direct suppression neutralised emotions, regardless of whether memories were positive or negative. These empirical findings have implications for clinical practice as they indicate that memory control strategies could be effective emotion regulation methods for real-world intrusive memories.

The Impact of Online Learning During The Covid 19 Pandemic on Mental Changes of Adolescents in Junior High School 1 Blitar

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia occurred in March 2020 and is increasing throughout Indonesia. Based on this, the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia held online-based learning in the context of preventing the spread of COVID-19. Online learning from home, causes many students to complain, so it is possible to cause problems with mental changes in adolescents, such as depression, anxiety and stress. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental changes of adolescents at SMPN 1 Blitar. This type of research is correlational with a cross sectional approach with a sample of 76 respondents at SMPN 1 Blitar using proportional random sampling technique and then analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment test. Data collection using the DASS42 questionnaire. The results showed that the impact of online learning during the pandemic was 38.2% depression, 36.8% anxiety and 38.2% stress. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that there is a significant relationship between online learning during the pandemic and the occurrence of depression in students with Pv = 0.001, anxiety with Pv = 0.000 and stress with Pv = 0.006. Therefore, researchers suggest that students should motivate students to generate interest in learning and must foster positive thinking in students so that their physical and mental health can be maintained properly.

Peran Edukasi dan Promosi dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Kesehatan Pikiran

Mental health is very crucial in achieving a comprehensive state of health, even though this has not received priority in most developing countries compared to infectious diseases, so the important role of education and promotion of mental health is something that is really needed in public health services. The speaker uses lecture and open discussion methods in health seminar sessions through questions and answers. The presenter conducted a pre-test and post-test on the participants to determine the impact of the seminar given. The main purpose of the test is to evaluate changes in understanding related to the topics that will be discussed during the seminar session. Questions are provided via the Googleform platform. Based on the evaluation results in this activity, it can be concluded that there was an increase in participants' understanding or knowledge about how to maintain a healthy mind after being given material presentation and questions and answers, most dominantly in the aspect of positive thinking (from 85.42% to 100%), laughing for a moment/humor (from 71.88% to 100%), and wheeling and meditation (from 81.25% to 100%). This proves the importance of health-related education and promotion that needs to be carried out among the public and youth communities in an effort to increase knowledge with the aim of reducing the risk or negative impact of unhealthy thoughts.

The effect of guided imagery pre-cesarean section on the perceived preoperative anxiety, surgical fear, and physiological parameters of women: A randomized controlled trial

IntroductionGuided imagery (GI) helps patients feel happy, relaxed, calm, and safe while ensuring positive thinking. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of GI applied before cesarean section (CS) on preoperative anxiety, surgical fear, and physiological parameters. MethodsParticipants were randomized into the GI (n = 29) or control (n = 28) groups in this randomized controlled trial. Participants in the GI group were given a 15-minute GI audio recording three days before their CS and were allowed to listen to it every night for 3 days until the CS. Finally, they listened on the day of the CS, immediately after preparing for the CS. Anxiety levels were evaluated using the State Anxiety Inventory-S (STAI-S) 3 days before the CS (STAI-S1) and 15 min after the preparations on the CS morning (STAI-S2); while surgical fear was evaluated using the Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ) 3 days before the CS (SFQ1-Total) and 15 min after the preparations on the CS morning (SFQ2-Total). Blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and fetal heart rate were also evaluated. ResultsA significant difference in the mean STAI-S scores was observed 15 min after the preparations for the CS between the GI and control groups (mean difference (MD) -4.51, 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) [-7.71, -1.31]). However, no significant difference was found in the mean SFQ scores between the groups (MD -5.53, 95 %CIs [-16.69, 5.63]). In the within group comparison of GI and the control group, no statistically significant difference was observed in the score means of the GI group (STAI-S1 with STAI-S2 and SFQ1-Total with SFQ2-Total). However, the score means of the control groups STAI-S2 was higher than STAI-S1 (MD -5.82, 95 %CIs [-8.16, -3.48]), and SFQ2-Total was higher than SFQ1-Total (MD -6.71, 95 %CIs [-10.97, -2.46]). No significant difference was found in physiological parameters between the groups. ConclusionThis study revealed the effectiveness of GI during the period before CS in reducing preoperative anxiety and keeping surgical fear under control. Nurses and other healthcare professionals involved in preoperative care can utilize GI to reduce preoperative anxiety and manage surgical fear before a CS. Clinical trial registrationNCT05790954

Effect of Positive Thinking Skills on Optimism and Death Anxiety of COVID-19 Nurses: A quasi-experimental study

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed nurses on the front lines, facing challenging conditions and increased stress levels. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of positive thinking skills training on nurses' optimism and death anxiety while caring for COVID-19 patients. METHODS: In a quasi-experimental, two-group, pre- and post-test study, a total of 52 eligible nurses working at Amir al-Momenin Hospital in Zabol, Iran, between October and December 2022, were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received positive thinking skills training via email or WhatsApp, with eight, 60-minutes sessions over two months. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), and the Scheier and Carver Life Orientation Test, both before and one month after the intervention. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in optimism and death anxiety scores between the two groups before the intervention. However, the intervention group showed a statistically significant increase in optimism (from 13.11±3.78 to 19.03±2.58) and decrease in death anxiety (from 55.15±7.06 to 41.76±4.48) after the intervention (P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Considering the stressful nature of COVID-19 disease, positive thinking skills training can be recommended as an effective method to reduce death anxiety and improve nurses' optimism, thus enhancing their willingness to continue caring for patients.

Mathematical Thinking Among Pre-Service Teachers: A Critical Component of Teacher Preparation

This research examined pre-service mathematics teachers' mathematical thinking abilities, focusing on problem-solving, mathematical representation, reasoning, mathematical communication, and mathematical connection. Additionally, the study aimed to determine whether there were significant differences in mathematical thinking between pre-service students majoring and minoring in mathematics. The research employed a quantitative approach and involved 277 pre-service mathematics teachers enrolled in the Mathematics Teaching course at the Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris in Malaysia. The research design utilized a survey method, and data were collected through a mathematical thinking questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using statistic descriptive including mean and standard deviation, while inferential statistics use t-test analyses. The study results revealed that the overall mean is 4.506, followed by standard deviation is 0.541, indicating that the pre-service teachers show a higher positive mathematical thinking. The result also shows a significant relationship between problem-solving, mathematical representation, reasoning, mathematical communication and mathematical connection. The findings also indicated significant differences in mathematical thinking between pre-service mathematics teachers based on gender. Lastly, the result shows that the study recommended the inclusion of mathematical thinking development in teacher education programs to enhance the mathematical thinking abilities of pre-service mathematics teachers. In conclusion, mathematical thinking is an essential aspect of teacher preparation, as it contributes to ensuring the quality of the next generation.

Recalling and anticipating positive events to improve the positive affect and mental health of adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial in secondary schools

This cluster randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of Positive Events Training (PET), a combined group training aimed at simultaneously improving positive autobiographical memory (AM) and episodic future thinking (EFT) among adolescents (12–16 years). Delivered as a universal school-based program, PET was compared with an active (creative writing) control group (CREAT). Effects on resilience, wellbeing, positive emotions, emotional response styles towards positive emotions (savoring, dampening), anhedonia, depressive symptoms, and multiple AM and EFT indices were examined. Adolescents (NPET = 95, NCREAT = 93) completed self-report scales at baseline, post-training and two-month follow-up. Multilevel models revealed that PET led to significant improvements in certain AM and EFT skills. Moreover, a decrease in anhedonia was observed at post-training. However, this effect did not withstand correction for multiple testing. Absence of changes in the other outcomes should be interpreted within the context of the universal school-based approach and the potential limited scope for detectable changes. Exploratory analyses suggest the importance of further investigating PET's potential in addressing positive affect dysregulations in indicated samples, and exploring perceived likelihood of generated future events and dampening as potential underlying mechanisms. Study limitations and future directions to maximize the demonstrated potential of PET are discussed.

Some Positive Thoughts about Negative Absolute Temperature

Some Positive Thoughts about Negative Absolute Temperature

Behavior problems, social relationships, and adolescents' future orientation. Links from middle to late adolescence.

As adolescents leave high school, plans for the future are of great importance. Future orientation reflects positive thoughts regarding further education, employment, and family life. While future orientation has been found to affect behavior problems, the influence of behavior problems on future orientation is mainly unknown. Positive parent-child and peer relations may boost positive outlooks, but the interplay of behavior problems and social relations for future orientation remains to be studied. Participants were 485 adolescents, 54% girls, living in Mid-Sweden. At age 15, parents and adolescents rated ADHD- and internalizing symptoms, parents rated ODD-symptoms, and adolescents rated their relationship with parents and peers. At age 18, adolescents rated future orientation regarding education, employment, and family, and reported on delinquent acts. Low levels of inattention symptoms and of delinquency were important for all higher future orientation aspects. In contrast, higher levels of hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were associated with more positive outlooks on work and family life. Relationships with parents and peers were stronger predictors of future outlooks, compared with behavior problems. There were few interaction effects of behavioral symptoms and social relationship quality. Behavior problems in middle adolescence may negatively affect future outlooks. However, positive social relations, especially relations with peers, seem more important for optimistic views than behavior problems and thus may have a compensatory effect. The clinical implications should be to address the young person's social world, in the case of misgivings about the future, also in the presence of problematic behaviors.

THE FACTORS ANXIETY INFLUENCE STUDENTS’ READING ALLOUD AT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The purpose of this study will to determine the anxiety factor of students in reading English aloud in class. The methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research data were obtained using two instruments, namely observation and a questionnaire containing questions related to what are the causal factors in reading anxiety. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The population in this study were students from Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. The number of samples used was 13 students in 1 class. The results finding provide by qualitatively and quantitatively. The result of the study show that the level of anxiety to read aloud with an average of 61.03%, with the calculations obtained from the questionnaire data. From the observation results show that there are two factors in anxiety when reading aloud, namely internal and external factors. Among these factors, internal factors show a higher or prominent level of anxiety on aspects of worrying about reading effects and fear of making mistakes. Which can be minimized with several stages, preparation, relaxation and positive thinking.

Toxic Positivity Pada Generasi Z

Study aims to find out whether generation Z has ever experienced toxic positivity in their lives and provide insight to generation Z about the dangers and impacts of excessive positive thinking without them realizing it. Excessive positive thinking will have a negative impact on life, because we are required to always think positively in any situation. Toxic positivity often occurs in life, but many people are not aware of it have done this toxic positivity. Toxic positivity generally comes from oneself and others who don't experience it the same problem. This study uses a type of library research. In analyzing this literature review, the author using content analysis techniques (content analysis). The results of this study concluded that toxic positivity occurs because there is a negative emotion harbored by someone as an effort to overcome these emotions and toxic positivity also occurs because of the positive response given by other people to the problem at hand, but the response it even becomes negative because we are required to always think positively and be grateful for the problem we face no worse than anyone else. This study concludes that people who experience toxic positivity in their lives, will experience long-term mental disorders. This study is expected to provide insight into generation z not to always think excessively positive and it's okay to think negatively, because it's a feeling normally experienced by humans.

Interpersonal Communication In Handling Student Indisiplinary Behavior at SMP Swasta Taman Siswa Polonia.

The focus of this research is the interpersonal communication efforts made by the Guidance Counseling teacher in handling student indisciplinary behavior and the communication barriers that occur in handling it. The theory used is interpersonal communication theory (Joseph A. Devito). This research method uses qualitative methods. The results of the study found that: the efforts made by counseling guidance teachers in dealing with students who commit disciplinary actions are by (1) Openness, through openness the counseling guidance teacher can find out clearly what is the main reason students commit disciplinary actions by calling students personally (2) Empathy, through empathy the counseling guidance teacher feels directly what is actually the main problem of students, through the expression of students' feelings and attitudes so that the counseling guidance teacher can then provide motivation and advice so that in the future the student does not repeat his actions. (3) Support and positive attitude, through the support of counseling teachers who already understand the conditions of students who commit disciplinary actions try to accept with positive thoughts so as not to affect emotions.Teachers find solutions by not scolding students so that communication is effective and the message of advice given to students is also conveyed properly. (4) Equality. The counseling teacher tries to give full trust to students not to repeat their actions, by giving trust the counseling teacher believes the student will think again when committing disciplinary actions because their teacher has given them trust. The barriers found in the interpersonal communication process are first, psychological barriers where students are afraid or embarrassed (minder) when they know they are called by the counseling guidance teacher so that students become closed and unable to communicate well.Second, technical barriers, where there is only one counseling teacher so that counseling services become less optimal. Third, cultural barriers mean that differences in socio-cultural backgrounds between counseling teachers and students result in differences in perceptions so that counseling teachers must provide understanding repeatedly to equalize perceptions.

Cognitive function and work resilience of healthcare professionals: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Healthcare professionals (HCPs) face a variety of work-related stressors that have impact on their mental health and cognitive performance. Work resilience is a psychological resource that helps workers cope with stress and prevents unfavorable psychological impact. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between working as HCPs and cognitive function as well as work resilience. This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among HCPs at Suez Canal University Hospital in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during April 2023 to August 2023. Two hundred and thirty-five HCPs and 107 administrative employees (Admins) were invited to participate in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic and other relavent data. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination test; work resilience was assessed with the Brief Resilience Scale; and psychological distress was measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21-items (DASS-21) scale. Statistical significance was determined by Mann Whitney U-test for continuous variables, and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact, as appropriate, for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to determine associations between the main outcomes (cognitive impairment and low resilience) and the main covariate (working as HCPs vs. Admins), adjusting for all potential confounders. HCPs showed a significantly greater cognitive impairment, less resilience, and DASS-21 than the Admins. The odds of impaired cognitive function in HCPs were significantly higher than the Admins (odds ratio [OR]: 4.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27-15.67, P = 0.020), adjusted for all potential covariates. Similarly, the odds of low resilience in HCPs were significantly higher than Admins (OR: 5.81, 95% CI: 2.72-12.44, P < 0.001), adjusted for all potential covariates. However, the adjusted association between impaired cognitive function and low resilience was not statistically significant (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.23-1.33, P = 0.185). HCPs had significantly impaired cognitive function and low work resilience. Workplace policies and interventions to control depression, stress, and anxiety are required as it is the encouragement of physical activity. Programs that combine positive coping skills training (e.g., relaxation training, positive thinking, and problem solving) with resilience-building interventions (e.g., taking a proactive approach to solving problems, being flexible and adaptive) should be developed, with special attention to HCPs who have a higher sense of self-efficacy.

'Only to reconcile with it'. The coping experience amongst middle-aged and older cancer survivors: A qualitative study.

Cancer threat is relevant to age, and the threat of a foreshortened life coupled with a lengthy treatment process negatively affects middle-aged and older adults. Understanding the coping throughout the cancer experience in middle-aged and older cancer survivors will help develop supportive care to promote their physiological and psychological coping effects. To explore the cancer coping experiences of middle-aged adults aged 40-59 and older adults over 60. A descriptive phenomenological study was employed. Face-to-face, in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 oncology patients in a tertiary university hospital aged 40 or above from August to October 2023. The interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis procedures. Five themes and 13 subthemes were formed through analysis: acceptance of cancer (considering cancer as chronic, believing in fate andattributing cancer to karma); having different information needs (desired to be truthfully informed, information-seeking behaviour, information avoidance behaviour); getting families involved (developing dependent behaviours, feeling emotional support, family members suffering worse); striving to maintain positive psychological state (positive thinking, seeking peer support) and negative experience (undesirable, low self-esteem). Our study reveals that cancer survivors' attitudes towards having cancer have changed from a death sentence to a more positive perception of a chronic disease. Supportive programmes for developing coping strategies should consider the cultural traditions and religious beliefs, different information needs, involvement of familyand promoting a positive psychological state while avoiding negative factors. Participants with experience of coping with cancer were involved in the semistructured interview.

P‐4.35: Application of Virtual Reality Technology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Psychological Disorders: An Electroencephalography (EEG)‐Based Approach

In the wake of the incessant evolution of virtual reality (VR) technology, its pervasive integration into an expanding array of sectors, notably the medical field, has become increasingly conspicuous. Amid these developments, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a prevalent and debilitating mental health condition, has garnered heightened attention from the medical community. The contemporary therapeutic landscape predominantly revolves around psychological interventions, exemplified by exposure therapy and positive thinking therapy. However, a groundbreaking advancement, namely virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), has emerged as a prominent achievement, effectively intertwining VR technology with medical applications, particularly in the nuanced treatment of PTSD. As the realms of human‐computer interaction and brain‐computer interface undergo continuous and dynamic expansion, electroencephalography (EEG) has surfaced as a pivotal convergence point across diverse disciplines. The confluence of VRET technology with EEG signals holds the promise of enhancing the precision and objectivity of patient diagnoses. Furthermore, leveraging EEG signals enables a more nuanced and individualized approach to treatment within the framework of VRET technology. Despite extant studies that offer comprehensive summaries of VRET technology, the integration with EEG signals has thus far been a relatively unexplored terrain. This research endeavors to direct attention toward recent advancements in VRET technology within the sphere of mental health treatment. A meticulous synthesis and exposition of existing techniques and applications are presented, providing a comprehensive overview of the current landscape. The exploration extends to the developmental trajectory and prospective implications arising from the amalgamation of VRET technology and EEG technology. Furthermore, a rigorous analysis of the tangible contributions and practical significance of EEG signals in the domain of mental health treatment is undertaken, underscoring the potential avenues for their future applications and the transformative impact on the trajectory of therapeutic interventions.

초보자 테니스 운동활동에서 긍정적 사고와 운동자기도식이 코칭 역량 부합과 운동 만족도에 미치는 영향 검증

Objectives The purpose of this study was to study and verify the impact of positive thinking and athletes' prayer on athletic satisfaction when a leader's coaching capabilities are received in senior beginner tennis activities.&#x0D; Methods To obtain the results, we surveyed the Magic Tennis Group in the Senior Classroom of the Korea Tennis Association and the elderly in the Ttukseom Tennis Court Club, And frequency analysis, percentage analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis (Cronbach's α) were conducted using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 5.0 statistical programs to analyze the results.&#x0D; Results First, positive thinking resulted in significant results in coaching capabilities. Second, athlete's prayer showed significant results in coaching capabilities. Third, coaching capabilities have significant results in athletic satisfaction.&#x0D; Conclusions According to the results of this paper, positive thinking and athletic prayer at sports sites showed significant results in coaching capabilities and athletic satisfaction, and coaching capabilities were significant in athletic satisfaction. Although this study suggested the influence on athletic satisfaction as well as coaching capabilities of groups who enjoy magic tennis and participants of different types of tennis, the simplicity of the target population of beginner tennis activities has limited the results of various situational studies. It is believed that psychological intervention strategies should be developed to study various types of populations, even intermediate and senior citizens, to help them in their daily sports.&#x0D;

EXPLORING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ANXIETY IN CLASSROOM

ABSTRACTThis research discusses students’ speaking anxiety in English classroom. The aims are to investigate the factors that cause students’ anxiety in speaking English and the strategies that students use to reduce their anxiety in speaking English. The researcher conducted this research in one of senior high schools in Cianjur and this research used a descriptive qualitative method. The participants of this research were 35 students. The data were obtained from open-ended questionnaire and interview. The techniques of analyzing data were data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. The results revealed that there are various factors that cause students’ anxiety including apprehension of verbal communication, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. Furthermore, the researcher found the strategies that students use to reduce their anxiety in speaking: preparation, relaxation, positive thinking, peer seeking, holding things, socially awkward, gesture/body language and self-entertaining. Keywords: anxiety, students' anxiety, speaking English, factor anxiety, strategies to reduce anxiety

Local Wisdom Traditions of Ulaon Matumona Toba Batak Ethnic

The Ulaon Matumona tradition is a tradition carried out with the aim of giving thanks to the Creator for the fertility given in the agricultural sector. This research aims to provide an explanation of the stages, describing the form and meaning, as well as describing the local wisdom values ​​contained in the ulaon matumona tradition. The theory used in analyzing the data is the local wisdom theory put forward by Sibarani. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The research results show that the stages of the Ulaon Matumona tradition consist of three stages, namely: 1) martonggo raja; 2) paojakhon borotan; and 3) implementation of the peak matumona event. The forms and meanings contained in the ulaon matumona tradition of the Toba Batak ethnic include: 1) The form and meaning of the offerings/offerings of the ulaon matumona tradition, 2) The form and meaning of the clothes used, 3) The form and meaning of the jambar. Local Wisdom in the Ulaon Matumona Tradition is local wisdom values ​​of welfare which include: 1) hard work; 2) mutual cooperation; 3) discipline; 4) gender management; 5) cultural preservation and creativity as well as local wisdom values ​​of peace which include: 1) politeness; 2) gratitude; 3) commitment; 4) honesty; 5) positive thoughts; and 6) social solidarity. Keywords: Local wisdom, Tradition, Ulaon Matumona

Development of Religious Character to Improve the Effectiveness of Teacher and Student Communication

Objective: This research focuses on the development of the religious character of Ihsanul Fikri Integrated Islamic Vocational High School Magelang. The formulation of the problem in this study is, 1. How student characteristics are related to religious character. 2. How is the development of religious character? 3. How does the development of religious character affect student behaviour? Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this study is to identify student characteristics related to religious character, find patterns of religious character development, and analyze and describe the impact of religious character development on student behaviour. Creating open communication patterns, building cooperation to realize effective communication in developing religious character and developing religious character through extracurricular activities at SMK IT Ihsanul Fikri Magelang. Method: The methodology of this study uses a qualitative approach. This research is a research approach that produces descriptive data, written or oral data, and the observable behaviour of people. The data collection of this study was carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. Results and Discussion: The results of this study found that students of SMK IT Ihsanul Fikri have different religious character characteristics. Students of SMK IT Ihsanul Fikri do come from different family backgrounds, but along with the development of time and the concept of thought that has been built at SMK IT Ihsanul Fikri, students have understood the importance of religious character so it needs to be emphasized in everyday life. Conclusion: The pattern of teacher communication in developing religious character is a) building open communication patterns, b) Building cooperation to realize effective communication in developing religious character, and c) developing religious character with extracurriculars integrated with superior programs. The impact of the development of religious culture is religious behaviour, positive thinking, and the growth of good civilization. Religious development in schools cannot be separated from school leadership and teachers as the main actors who determine and colour school life and the daily lives of students and school residents.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ САМОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ НА АКАДЕМИЧЕСКУЮ УСПЕВАЕМОСТЬ: ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ ДЛЯ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПРАКТИКИ

Scientific research in the field of education is increasingly paying attention to the relationship between students' self-efficacy and their academic performance. This article provides an overview of current research on this issue in order to identify the key factors influencing self-efficacy and its role in learning. The author analyzes both internal and external factors affecting students' self-esteem and their belief in their own ability to achieve academic success. Special attention is paid to methods and strategies that contribute to improving students' self-efficacy, such as developing positive thinking, setting realistic goals, and developing self-regulation and time management skills. Taking into account the research results, the article offers recommendations for teachers and educational institutions on how to integrate these strategies into teaching practice in order to improve the educational process and achieve better academic results.