Positive Psychological Effects Research Articles

Emotion-sensitive voice-casting care robot in rehabilitation using real-time sensing and analysis of biometric information

An important part of nursing care is the physiotherapist’s physical exercise recovery training (for instance, walking), which is aimed at restoring athletic ability, known as rehabilitation (rehab). In rehab, the big problem is that it is difficult to maintain motivation. Therapies using robots have been proposed, such as animalistic robots that have positive psychological, physiological, and social effects on the patient. These also have an important effect in reducing the on-site human workload. However, the problem with these robots is that they do not actually understand what emotions the user is currently feeling. Some studies have been successful in estimating a person’s emotions. As for non-cognitive approaches, there is an emotional estimation of non-verbal information. In this study, we focus on the characteristics of real-time sensing of emotion through heart rates – unconsciously evaluating what a person experiences – and applying it to select the appropriate turn of phrase by a voice-casting robot. We developed a robot to achieve this purpose. As a result, we were able to confirm the effectiveness of a real-time emotion-sensitive voice-casting robot that performs supportive actions significantly different from non-voice casting robots.

Exploration of the Effect and Orientation of Psychological Factors in Non-commissioned Officer Education

The psychological factors have become unavoidable problems in the learning and growth process of Non-commissioned officers due to the pressure learning and training, or the impact of life experiences, negative psychology affects the learning effect of the students, and even causes the students to deviate from the normal life track, if we carefully study the different effects of negative psychology and positive psychology, intervene in combination with positive psychological orientation in the learning process, explore the development of implementation means, give full play to the great advantages of psychology in the teaching process, and it will make the students' learning effect and psychological quality training have a complementary effect.

주택자산가치의 변화는 주거만족을 설명할 수 있는가? 순서형 프라빗 모형을 활용한 실증분석*

Housing ownership may have positive psychological effects such as sense of achievement and stability of life, as well as securing private space. Hence, possession of a house may increase satisfaction level of life. However, there are few studies on how much rise in house value increases housing satisfaction level. The purpose of this study is to investigate how rise in housing value have positive effects on housing satisfaction level, through an empirical analysis. The study has been conducted with data from 2019 Korea Housing Survey. To estimate influence of house price rise more clearly, the study controls a variety of variables that could have effects on housing satisfaction level before conducting an analysis using an ordered probit model. According to the findings, rise in housing value is positively associated with housing satisfaction. level. The relationship between housing value increase and a housing satisfaction level varies by housing type and age. The findings show that the effects of housing value increase on housing satisfaction level of people who live in non-apartments is much greater than those who live in apartments. In addition, The findings show that the impacts of housing value increase on housing satisfaction level is statistically significant among over 70s and below 40s. Housing policies should be reflect the human nature of housing ownership and the policy should be differentiated by specific demand based on the housing satisfaction. level.

Activities, Housing Situation and Other Factors Influencing Psychological Strain Experienced During the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Switzerland.

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis and the corresponding first nationwide lockdown from mid-March to 10 May 2020 engendered considerable psychological strain among people in Switzerland. This study analyzes determinants of changes in subjective levels of psychological strain experienced during the lockdown.Methods: An online survey conducted as part of a larger mixed methods study examined the material and emotional aspects of individual reactions to the lockdown from a socio-ecological perspective. Participants (N = 5932) were asked about their personal and employment status, housing features, changes in various activities (e.g., physical activity, watching TV, social media use) and aspects of mental distress and well-being.Results: A substantial share of participants reported to feel depressed (33%) and anxious (43%) more often during the COVID-19 lockdown than before, whereas significantly (p < 0.001) less persons reported a decrease of these negative feelings (depressed 17%; anxious 14%). Women, single people, students and people who lost their jobs or were temporally unemployed due to the lockdown experienced a particularly strong increase of subjective psychological strain. Important residential factors reducing subjective psychological strain were the general comfort of the housing situation and having a private garden or multiple types of outdoor space. Considering leisure activities, the strongest positive psychological effect resulted from increased physical activities, followed by reading and cooking. However, 45% of the participants reported a decreased frequency of physical activity during the lockdown compared to before, whereas significantly less persons (26%) reported a corresponding increase (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Consistent with other studies, the results indicate a substantial reduction of subjective psychological well-being of the population during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Switzerland. The psychological burdens which the participants experienced differ depending on personal characteristics and situational factors. Negative psychological and economic consequences and gender inequalities should accordingly be carefully considered and actively prevented when designing COVID-19 measures. Supportive economic and social, cognitive and behavioral psychological interventions need to be designed and implemented to maintain the well-being of residents during lockdown.

Duanzi as Networked Practice: How Online Satire Shapes Psychological Well-Being, Social Support, and Issue Knowledge for Chinese with Different Social Capital during COVID-19 Outbreaks.

Practices oriented to digital technologies are being invented to change how people cope with crises. This study examines how Chinese netizens’ networked practices (e.g., liking, sharing, or commenting) with COVID-19 related duanzi (short online satires) influenced their psychological well-being, external social support, and issue knowledge during the pandemic. The role of social capital in moderating these relations is explored. Findings from the survey demonstrate that the act of “liking” a COVID-19 duanzi on WeChat has become a routine practice for Chinese netizens to kill time during the quarantine. However, the more bonding social capital one already had, the less they depended on duanzi “liking” to kill their boredom. Those less supported outside the family household, or less knowledgeable about the virus were also more likely to share a COVID-19 duanzi. Bonding social capital promotes one’s well-being, therefore, the positive psychological effect of duanzi sharing or commenting grows more pronounced for netizens with more bonding social capital. Bridging social capital brought external social support. Netizens with more bridging social capital obtained more external support and more COVID-19 knowledge from duanzi sharing. The theoretical and practical implications are elaborated in the conclusions.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of risks and benefits with breast reduction in the public healthcare system: priorities for further research

BackgroundThere is no consensus for when publicly funded breast reduction is indicated and recommendations in guidelines vary greatly, indicating a lack of evidence and unequal access. The primary aim of this review was to examine risks and benefits of breast reduction to treat breast hypertrophy. Secondary aims were to examine how the studies defined breast hypertrophy and indications for a breast reduction.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE All, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and PsycInfo. The included articles were critically appraised, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Meta-analyses were performed when possible.ResultsFifteen articles were included; eight reporting findings from four randomised controlled trials, three non-randomised controlled studies, three case series, and one qualitative study. Most studies had serious study limitations and problems with directness. Few of the studies defined breast hypertrophy. The studies showed significantly improved health-related quality of life and sexuality-related outcomes in patients who had undergone breast reduction compared with controls, as well as reduced depressive symptoms, levels of anxiety and pain. Most effect sizes exceeded the reported minimal important difference for the scale. Certainty of evidence for the outcomes above is low (GRADE ⊕ ⊕). Although four studies reported significantly improved physical function, the effect is uncertain (very low certainty of evidence, GRADE ⊕). None of the included studies reported data regarding work ability or sick leave. Three case series reported a 30-day mortality of zero. Reported major complications after breast reduction ranged from 2.4 to 14% and minor complications from 2.4 to 69%.ConclusionThere is a lack of high-quality studies evaluating the results of breast reduction. A breast reduction may have positive psychological and physical effects for women, but it is unclear which women benefit the most and which women should be offered a breast reduction in the public healthcare system. Several priorities for further research have been identified.Pre-registrationThe study is based on a Health Technology Assessment report, pre-registered and then published on the website of The Regional HTA Centre of Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.

The Role of Coping Strategies in Post-Traumatic Growth among Syrian Refugees: A Structural Equation Model.

The Syrian conflict has led to a mass migration of Syrians to other countries and exposed them to many possible traumatic events and stressors in their country of origin and in the resettlement process. The possibility of positive psychological effects of adverse life events is less documented among Syrian refugees. Thus, the current study aimed to develop preliminary evidence for the identifying factors: traumatic experiences, post-migration stressors and coping strategies that are associated with post-traumatic growth (PTG) of Syrian refugees residing in Turkey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in the current study to assess the associations among these factors. Data were obtained from Syrian refugees residing in the governorates of Hatay and Mardin. A total of 528 Syrians, aged between 18–77 years (M = 35.60, SD = 11.65) participated in this cross-sectional study. Results from the SEM indicated that past traumatic experiences and post-migration stressors were indirectly related to PTG. The results from the current study provide support for that the association between refugees’ traumatic experiences, post-migration stressors and PTG appear to be explained through the presence of coping strategies which could be addressed in the psychotherapies and psychosocial interventions for refugees to promote positive psychological change. Future studies should address the effects of post-migration stressors on PTG in detail.

The psychological effects of caring for a family member with dementia

Informal caregivers have a vital role in supporting and caring for family members with dementia. Caregiving is complex and may lead to psychological, physical, social and financial stress for caregivers. This article reports the findings of an integrative review that explored the literature on the psychological effect of caring for a family member with dementia at home. The article discusses four themes that were identified in the literature: 'the world shrinks'; 'surrender to the unknown'; 'robbed of the future'; and 'torn between relief and guilt'. These themes provide insight into the holistic experience of caring for a family member with dementia, revealing the positive and negative psychological effects of the role.

Turn on, Tune in, and Drop out: Predictors of Attrition in a Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Psychedelic Use.

BackgroundThe resurgence of research and public interest in the positive psychological effects of psychedelics, together with advancements in digital data collection techniques, have brought forth a new type of research design, which involves prospectively gathering large-scale naturalistic data from psychedelic users; that is, before and after the use of a psychedelic compound. A methodological limitation of such studies is their high attrition rate, particularly owing to participants who stop responding after initial study enrollment. Importantly, study dropout can introduce systematic biases that may affect the interpretability of results.ObjectiveBased on a previously collected sample (baseline n=654), here we investigated potential determinants of study attrition in web-based prospective studies on psychedelic use.MethodsLogistic regression models were used to examine demographic, psychological trait and state, and psychedelic-specific predictors of dropout. Predictors were assessed 1 week before, 1 day after, and 2 weeks after psychedelic use, with attrition being defined as noncompletion of the key endpoint 4 weeks post experience.ResultsPredictors of attrition were found among demographic variables including age (β=0.024; P=.007) and educational levels, as well as personality traits, specifically conscientiousness (β=–0.079; P=.02) and extraversion (β=0.082; P=.01). Contrary to prior hypotheses, neither baseline attitudes toward psychedelics nor the intensity of acute challenging experiences were predictive of dropout.ConclusionsThe baseline predictors of attrition identified here are consistent with those reported in longitudinal studies in other scientific disciplines, suggesting their transdisciplinary relevance. Moreover, the lack of an association between attrition and psychedelic advocacy or negative drug experiences in our sample contextualizes concerns about problematic biases in these and related data.

Potentials of Antitussive Traditional Persian Functional Foods for COVID-19 Therapy†.

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a worldwide pandemic resulting in a severe acute respiratory syndrome. Remdesivir is the only FDA-approved drug for hospitalized patients older than age 12. It shows the necessity of finding new therapeutic strategies. Functional foods (FFs) could have co-therapeutic and protective effects against COVID-19 infection. Traditional Persian medicine (TPM), one of the safest and most popular schools of medicine for hundreds of years, has recommended potential FF candidates to manage such a global pandemic. To reveal the potential of TPM in terms of antitussive FFs, traditional Persian pharmacopoeia “Qarabadin-e-Salehi” was searched using the keywords “Soaal” and “Sorfeh.” Also, a search of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Science Direct was performed for the relevant literature published from the inception up to March 2021. A combination of search terms including “cough, antitussive, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antiviral, COVID-19, mucoactive, mucolytic, expectorant, and mucoregulatory” was also applied. The potential mechanism of action in SARS-CoV-2 infection was discussed. Twelve TPM FFs were found including Laooqs, Morabbas, a Saviq, a soup, and a syrup. They are combinations of two to seven ingredients. Natural compounds of mentioned formulations have the main pharmacological mechanisms including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihistamine, bronchodilator, immunomodulatory, and mucoactive effects as well as central or peripheral antitussive activities. FFs are cost-effective, easily accessible, and safe options for both treatment and prevention of COVID-19. They might have positive psychological effects along with their pharmacological effects and nutritional virtues. They could also manage persistent respiratory discomforts after recovery from COVID-19.

Abstract #1041967: Effects of Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy on the Metabolic Profile and Body Composition in Transgender Individuals

Gender affirming therapy has been shown to have positive physical and psychological effects on the transgender individuals. There is paucity of data in our country about the changes in the metabolic profile and body composition in transgender individuals receiving gender affirming hormone therapy. Here we present our results of a cross-sectional study investigating the same.

Narrative of “Here‐and‐Now”: Cancer Survivors in a Group Psychotherapy Using SCT® (Systems‐Centered Therapy)1,2

AbstractThis study focused on “here‐and‐now” narrative and examined the process of group psychotherapy for cancer survivors using systems‐centered therapy (SCT). In contemporary society, cancer survivors have a vital need for psychological support, and group psychotherapy and peer support are used as part of this need. In most of these interventions, participants are encouraged to speak freely and share their experience of cancer. This generally means speaking about “there‐and‐then” experience. It has been argued that one reason that narrative therapy produces a psychological effect is that the meaning of an experience changes when the experience is spoken about. SCT differs significantly from other group interventions in that it requires participants to talk about their here‐and‐now experience through the format of SCT's “functional subgrouping.” Functional subgrouping requires participants to listen, reflect, and build on similarities in their experience. In this study, we qualitatively examined how participants' experiences unfolded in the SCT group by directly addressing the group process. The study findings revealed that even though the participants did not directly share their cancer experiences in the group, they experienced an inexplicable sense of connectedness that had a positive psychological effect on them. They also experienced deep emotions through talking while using the SCT narrative style. In the process, the effects of the SCT narrative were discussed.

Patient perspectives following initiation of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in people with cystic fibrosis and advanced lung disease

BackgoundElexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor partially restores cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator function, and has been shown to induce significant clinical improvement in patients with at least one Phe508del allele. Yet little data exist on patient perspectives following elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor initiation. MethodsA mixed methods study was conducted using an online 13-item questionnaire (including 9 closed questions and 4 open questions), submitted from July 10th to August 21th 2020 to French patients aged 12 years and older with advanced CF who were treated with elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor. Their responses were summarized as numbers (%), and free-text items were analysed using a grounded theory approach. ResultsOf 245 patients who started elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in France, 101 (41%) participated. Median [IQR] age was 35 [28–41] years and duration of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor treatment was 4.3 [3.0–5.6] months. Patients generally reported a rapid impact on respiratory symptoms, sleep quality, general well-being and physical self-esteem, and a reduction in overall treatment burden. The majority of patients contrasted treatment burden, symptom severity, depression and a closed future marked by death or transplantation before elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor, to renewed and unexpected physical strength, leading to greater self-confidence, autonomy and long-term planning, after treatment initiation. A small number of patients expressed concerns, mainly regarding changes in body representation and/or the fear of becoming dependent on the treatment. ConclusionAfter initiation of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor, CF patients with advanced disease reported rapid and positive physical, psychological and social effects, which translated into improved quality of life and the formulation of new life goals.

Social factors and worry associated with COVID-19: Evidence from a large survey in China

ObjectiveWorry about COVID-19 is an important cognitive component and manifestation of COVID-19-related anxiety. It has a social dimension and is shaped by various social factors. DataWe employ original data from a large survey (N = 20,632) conducted in China from April 21 to 23, 2020, which provide us with a rare opportunity to investigate COVID-19-induced worry among ordinary Chinese citizens. ResultsWe find individuals’ socioeconomic status, family characteristics, sense of community, and perceived strictness of lockdown measures all have significant influences on worry about COVID-19. ConclusionsFirst, individuals with higher socioeconomic status such as better education, better income, and more prestigious occupations have richer resources in coping with COVID-19 and are thus less worried. Second, the high human-to-human transmissibility of COVID-19 and increased family obligations during the pandemic imply that larger family size can be a worry-inducing burden. Individuals living with larger families are more worried. Third, a greater sense of community lowers worry as it buffers against the stressor and may enhance individuals' faith in the community's efficacy in containing the virus. Last, stringent lockdown measures may actually have positive psychological effects. They provide real and perceived protection and increase individuals' perceived distance from the disease, thereby reducing public worry.

An overview of the psychological effects of common contraceptive methods on women

IntroductionThe psychological effects of using any method of contraception are not hidden from anyone but in different methods, they have different effects.ObjectivesWe aim to investigate the different psychological effects of common contraceptive methods in women.MethodsA search conducted by keywords “contraception”, “psychological effects” and “women” in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Clinical Key and Google Scholar search engine. Finally, data from 12 articles were used for this review study.ResultsThe positive and negative psychological effects were slightly different in consumers. The effect of OC and IUD and sterilization on sex life compared to condoms was reported to be positive and in menstrual experiences, OC consumers reported higher satisfaction than other methods, in particular, IUD. The regret in using sterilization was higher than in other methods. Psychopathological disorders and psychological disorders developed while using these methods should be differentiated. Negative psychological effects of women using contraceptive methods are often due to their mental background to a mother’s role and fertility and the conflict that exists in these methods with their mental image. Also, cooperation and understanding of spouses on the acceptance of these methods and their positive or negative impact has been reported to be very effective.ConclusionsBefore providing any method of contraception, it is recommended to provide comprehensive counseling on each method and follow up with women while consuming to reduce these symptoms and improving their effectiveness.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

정부재정지원제도와 긍정심리자본이 기업가정신을 매개로 창업실패자의 재창업의지에 미치는 영향

Purpose For the purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of financial support system and positive psychological capital causing startup failure''s re-startup intention mediated by entrepreneurship Methods The research method was implemented empirical analysis through a questionnaire of 200 experienced startup failures, participated in the re-startup support system of government. Results Result of analysis showed that financial support system and positive psychological capital causes meaningful effect to entrepreneurship, on the other hand it only has mediation effect about re-startup intention through entrepreneurship. Conclusion startup failure doesn''t rush into re-startup recklessly because of receiving financial support or positive psychological capital when he attempts it, various institutional support should be done simultaneously in order to enhance entrepreneurship.

Positive Psychological Impacts of Cooking During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period: A Qualitative Study.

This study aims to explore the positive psychological effects of culinary experiences during the COVID-19 lockdown days. Qualitative research methods adopted to provide a deeper understanding. Data was collected through a structured online survey from 30 participants in Turkey. This occurred between April 10th and June 3rd, 2020 when the strict confinement measures were applied. Content analysis was deductively applied according to the Stebbins’s Theory of Casual vs. Serious Leisure which classifies the well-being according to characteristics of leisure experiences. The results revealed that at the first stage people went into the kitchen with the motivation of pure happiness and relaxation indicating hedonic well-being. However, people who intended to spend time with culinary activities with the expectations of pure happiness left the kitchen with eudaimonic outcomes by gaining special skills and knowledge, self-actualization and self-enrichment. When these outcomes are evaluated based on the Stebbins’s theoretical framework, culinary activities have both casual and serious leisure experience characteristics in terms of psychological well-being. It is understood that culinary activities have versatile leisure characteristics. Thanks to the culinary activities, people do not only obtain pure happiness and relaxation but can draw wider inferences about their life by realizing their own potential during the psychologically challenging COVID-19 lockdown days.

Making human milk matter: the need for EU regulation

One in ten infants is born preterm worldwide, with an average preterm birth incidence of 8·7% in Europe. 1 Chawanpaiboon S Vogel JP Moller A-B et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Global Health. 2019; 7: e37-46 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (611) Google Scholar Together with sick and low-birthweight infants, preterm babies belong to the most vulnerable group of patients and require special care, including nutrition. The mother's own milk is without doubt the preferred choice for infant feeding, 2 Arslanoglu S Corpeleijn W Moro G et al. Donor human milk for preterm infants: current evidence and research directions. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutrition. 2013; 57: 535-542 Crossref PubMed Scopus (241) Google Scholar and exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life is recommended. However, when the mother's own milk is not available, donor milk from a human milk bank is the next best option, because of the undisputed health benefits of human milk. 2 Arslanoglu S Corpeleijn W Moro G et al. Donor human milk for preterm infants: current evidence and research directions. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutrition. 2013; 57: 535-542 Crossref PubMed Scopus (241) Google Scholar , 3 WHODonor human milk for low-birth-weight infants. https://www.who.int/elena/titles/donormilk_infants/en/Date: July 22, 2019 Date accessed: January 14, 2021 Google Scholar Furthermore, donor milk acts as a bridge to breastfeeding, with positive psychological and emotional effects for both mother and child. 2 Arslanoglu S Corpeleijn W Moro G et al. Donor human milk for preterm infants: current evidence and research directions. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutrition. 2013; 57: 535-542 Crossref PubMed Scopus (241) Google Scholar , 4 Cassidy T Dykes F Mahon B Banking on milk: an ethnography of donor human milk relations. 1st edn. Routledge, New York2019 Crossref Scopus (6) Google Scholar

Rating the Acting Moment: Exploring Characteristics for Realistic Portrayals of Characters.

Good actors appear to become their characters, making them come alive, as if they were real. Is this because they have succeeded in merging themselves with their character? Are there any positive or negative psychological effects of this experience? We examined the role of three characteristics that may make this kind of merging possible: dissociation, flow, and empathy. We also examined the relation of these characteristics to acting quality. Acting students (n = 44) and non-acting students (n = 43) completed a dissociation measure, and then performed a monologue that was recorded and rated on the dimensions of acting. Participants were then reassessed on dissociation to determine whether it increased as a function of performance. They were also then assessed on flow and empathy. Actors did not differ from non-actors on dissociation, but did score significantly higher than non-actors on some flow and empathy subscales, indicating a positive psychological experience and outcome. While non-actors’ dissociation marginally increased post-performance, actors’ dissociation rose significantly, which could indicate a negative psychological experience. Surprisingly, acting ratings were unrelated to the levels of dissociation, flow, or empathy. We concluded that, while these are tools used by actors to immerse themselves fully in their characters, they may not be necessary to create the illusion of an imaginary character come to life on stage.

RETRACTED: Application of positive psychology in college teaching

In order to study the application of positive psychology in college teaching, a questionnaire survey is conducted by selecting freshmen and related subject teachers of xx schools, and the collected data are statistically analyzed through the constructed data analysis model platform. Then, the effect of positive psychology in college teaching is analyzed. Through the research, the results show that when analyzing the positive state of students, most students in life are more active, but in the high school, there are fewer active students, most of them know some compulsory knowledge points to meet the final exams. Most of the students' positive state of learning needs to be improved, and the enthusiasm and initiative of learning are not enough to make any benefit to learning. When analyzing the positive state of teachers, it is found that teachers are more motivated in life. The enthusiasm in the classroom is general, and nearly 80% of the teachers believe that the enthusiasm of life is helpful to the enthusiasm of the classroom; when analyzing the implementation of the three-dimensional goal, it is found that although the teacher emphasizes the importance of the goal of emotional values, less than half of the actual implementation has been put in place. In the analysis of the necessity and feasibility of infiltrating positive psychology in college teaching, it is believed that the use of positive psychology guidance can reduce the burden on students and cultivate positive emotions, scientific values and attitudes towards life. The results show that through the investigation and analysis of the application of positive psychology in college teaching, although there are some shortcomings in the research process, it can still provide reference basis for the application of positive psychology in teaching, with a view to provide a guiding direction for the improvement of future teaching level of colleges and universities.