Positive Operations Research Articles

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA ARISAN ANTIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN BILANGAN BULAT DI KELAS INKLUSI SD SWASTA AL-AZHAR BUKITTINGGI

Making this innovative work aims to increase motivation and student learning outcomes in learning negative and positive integers by using Antique Arisan media (Manual and Electric Number Lines). This innovative work is the development of a number line media made using a board with an attractive appearance using green led lights on positive integers, red led lights on negative integers, each number is embossed for students with special needs, namely the blind and low vision. How to operate this media in two ways. (1) Use of this media by pressing the switch for each number to be addressed to complete simple number operations such as addition and subtraction of negative and positive integers. (2) Using a rail equipped with a toy that moves forward to show the addition of numbers, moves backwards for integer subtraction operations, this rail is installed under the number line which functions as a substitute for carrying out negative and positive integer operations using the number line, if the use of lights cannot be used because there is no power source. This use helps regular students and especially students with special needs in adding and subtracting negative and positive integers, so that students with special needs are served according to their needs and can solve problems encountered related to adding and subtracting integers, so that learning outcomes can increase.

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Diversity of Campylobacter Isolated from U.S. Goat Feces: 2019 NAHMS Survey.

Goats are often asymptomatic carriers of Campylobacter, including the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. Infections can have significant and economically detrimental health outcomes in both humans and animals. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter in U.S. goat herds. Campylobacter species were isolated from 106 of 3,959 individual animals and from 42 of 277 goat operations that participated in fecal sample collection as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System Goat 2019 study. Weighted animal-level prevalence was 2.3% (SE = 0.5%) and operation prevalence was 13.0% (SE = 3.2%). Animal-level prevalence ranged widely from 0 to 70.0%, however, 52.4% of positive operations (22/42) had only a single isolate. C. jejuni was the most frequently isolated species (68.9%; 73/106), followed by C. coli (29.3%, 31/106). A total of 46.2% (36/78) of viable isolates were pan-susceptible to 8 antimicrobials. Resistance to tetracycline (TET) was observed in 44.9% (35/78) of isolates, while 12.8% (10/78) were resistant to ciprofloxacin (CIP) and nalidixic acid (NAL). Among all isolates, a single resistance profile CIP-NAL-TET was observed in 3.8% (3/78) of isolates. A total of 35 unique sequence types (STs) were identified, 11 of which are potentially new. Multiple C. jejuni STs were observed in 48.1% (13/27) of positive operations. Goats with access to surface water, operations reporting antibiotics in the feed or water (excluding ionophores and coccidiostats), and operations reporting abortions and without postabortion management tasks had significantly greater odds of being Campylobacter positive. This snapshot of the U.S. goat population enriches the limited pool of knowledge on Campylobacter species presence in U.S. goats.

Fintech and financial performance in the banking industry: A literature review

This research conducts an in-depth literature review on the influence of fintech on the financial performance. The focus is to identify key findings from prior studies, understand concepts related to fintech adoption, and explore its impact on the firm. Analyzing literature from Sinta and Scopus databases, the study aims to provide a holistic overview of fintech's role in transforming the banking landscape. Fintech adoption is found to significantly enhance operational efficiency, affecting liquidity, profitability, and overall growth. Positive cash flow operations are crucial in determining financial performance, reflecting liquidity and operational sustainability. The study suggests that further research should delve into specific independent variables such as COVID-19 cases, lockdown policies, application characteristics, and others, as well as variables like the age of mobile banking applications, GDP per capita, and mobile penetration rates. This approach ensures a comprehensive analysis of existing knowledge, contributing valuable insights for future strategic planning in the financial technology and banking sectors.

Characterizing the superposition of arbitrary random quantum states and a known quantum state

The superposition of states is one of the most fundamental issues in the quantum world. Generally there do not exist physical operations to superpose two unknown random states with nonzero probability. We investigate the superposition problem of unknown qubit states with respect to a known qubit state. It is shown that under trace-nonincreasing completely positive operations the superposable state sets are located in some circles on the Bloch sphere. Meanwhile, we prove that the quantum states in a circle on the Bloch sphere are superposable with respect to a known state. Finally, for the high-dimensional case, we illustrate that any superposition transformation protocols will violate the no-cloning principle for almost all the states. Our results also promote the understanding and applications of the superposition principle in view of quantum no-go theorems.

Assessment of aerosol persistence in ICUs via low-cost sensor network and zonal models

The COVID-19 pandemic raised public awareness about airborne particulate matter (PM) due to the spread of infectious diseases via the respiratory route. The persistence of potentially infectious aerosols in public spaces and the spread of nosocomial infections in medical settings deserve careful investigation; however, a systematic approach characterizing the fate of aerosols in clinical environments has not been reported. This paper presents a methodology for mapping aerosol propagation using a low-cost PM sensor network in ICU and adjacent environments and the subsequent development of the data-driven zonal model. Mimicking aerosol generation by a patient, we generated trace NaCl aerosols and monitored their propagation in the environment. In positive (closed door) and neutral-pressure (open door) ICUs, up to 6% or 19%, respectively, of all PM escaped through the door gaps; however, the outside sensors did not register an aerosol spike in negative-pressure ICUs. The K-means clustering analysis of temporospatial aerosol concentration data suggests that ICU can be represented by three distinct zones: (1) near the aerosol source, (2) room periphery, and (3) outside the room. The data suggests two-phase plume behavior: dispersion of the original aerosol spike throughout the room, followed by an evacuation phase where "well-mixed" aerosol concentration decayed uniformly. Decay rates were calculated for positive, neutral, and negative pressure operations, with negative-pressure rooms clearing out nearly twice as fast. These decay trends closely followed the air exchange rates. This research demonstrates the methodology for aerosol monitoring in medical settings. This study is limited by a relatively small data set and is specific to single-occupancy ICU rooms. Future work needs to evaluate medical settings with high risks of infectious disease transmission.

Resource recovery from tannery wastewater using an integrated biological system: Towards a circular bioeconomy and net positive tannery operations

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of tannery effluents generated by beamhouse processes is limited by ammonia and sulfur species. High sulfate concentrations in beamhouse effluents (BHE) promote sulfidogenesis during AD, and the hydrogen sulfide that is generated inhibits methanogenesis. The feasibility of using a novel integrated biological system that comprised of hybrid linear flow channel reactor/s (HLFCR/s) and an anaerobic sequential batch reactor (AnSBR) connected in series mainly for the pre-treatment and recovery of elemental sulfur (S0) and methane (CH4) was investigated. The application of single-stage and two-stage HLFCR topology operating at 8 and 4 days’ hydraulic retention times (HRT), respectively, produced effluents that were ideal for AD. Single-stage HLFCR (8-days HRT) recovered 21% of the inlet sulfur and the downstream effluent treatment in continuously mixed AnSBR at 50 rpm achieved 238 mL CH4/gCODadded). The full-scale application of the system at a local medium sized tannery treating 2258 m3 of BHE would produce a floating sulfur biofilm with 33% S0, 3420 m3 of CH4, 50 m3 of irrigation water and 31 tonnes of biofertiliser. The sale of recovered resources and potential savings from a 72% reduction in electricity demand and 62% in sludge disposal had a potential revenue of US$5559. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a circular bioeconomy and net positive tannery operations through the conversion of tannery wastewater treatment plants into bio-refineries.

Corporate Income Tax: We Tried the Stick, How About the Carrot?

Due to their ongoing focus on tax planning and continuous efforts to find new tax minimization strategies, multinational corporations have not been paying their fair share of taxes for a long time. As a result, the federal government is unable to generate much revenue through taxes levied on corporations. The government’s response to this problem has always been the same: introduce new tax laws and regulations, revise old tax laws to close “loopholes,” and hope that this will solve corporate tax evasion. For decades, this approach has failed. This Article examines the history of the corporate income tax in the United States and the parallel evolution of an industry dedicated to helping corporations avoid those taxes. This Article finds that the development of this industry has had significant influence on the federal government’s decisions with respect to how it taxes corporations, usually opting to adopt anti-abuse, -avoidance rules in an effort to crack down on perceived bad actors. These policy choices, though, have had little success over the years. Instead, tax revenue generated from large-scale corporate groups has been modest, and there appears to be a consensus that these entities don’t pay their fair share. We propose a different course. Instead of anti-abuse and -avoidance rules, the tax code should use tax and other economic incentives to encourage entrepreneurs and corporations to invest in the domestic economy. Economic activity creates positive externalities in the domestic economy specifically and United States generally. Congress should amend the tax code to better allocate the proceeds of these positive externalities between the Internal Revenue Service, corporations, and stakeholders. Since the Internal Revenue Code for corporations was enacted in 1909, Congress has attempted to block abusive tax planning. However, its chosen method–deterrence– has had little positive impact on the U.S. economy. In many instances, deterrence has even had a negative impact, encouraging corporations to shutter their U.S. plants and dismiss hundreds of thousands of American employees in favor of foreign operations. Such legislative measures have “trapped” billions of dollars overseas by making the distribution of these profits to U.S. shareholders too costly. Instead, Congress should adopt tax incentives that balance the positive externalities of economic activity on local communities with the need to protect small- and medium-sized businesses’ ability to compete with the entities that will be most advantaged by these favorable incentives. This approach would reduce the advantages built-in to existing complex corporate structures that enable the largest corporations to easily shift revenue and profits to lower-tax jurisdictions. This approach, however, does not jeopardize recent attempts to set a global minimum tax aimed at reducing the tax incentive driving corporations to move operations overseas in search of a lower tax rate. Instead, this Article’s recommendation focuses on rewarding the positive externalities such operations create for domestic communities.

Bidirectional quantum operation teleportation with a six-qubit composite Bell-GHZ state

A bidirectional quantum operation teleportation scheme is proposed by utilizing a six-qubit composite Bell-GHZ state. In which, two users Anne and Benson can perform their respective concerned single-qubit operations on each other’s target states. Compared with the other existing schemes of quantum operation teleportation (QOT), the present scheme can realize the remote implement of the positive and negative two-way quantum operations, which not only improves the communication capacity, but also expands the application scenarios of QOT. Additionally, it is deterministic and feasible with the present experimental techniques.

Conditions for local transformations between sets of quantum states

We study the problem of transforming a set of pure bipartite states into another using deterministic LOCC (local operations and classical communication). Necessary conditions for the existence of such a transformation are obtained using LOCC constraints on state transformation, entanglement, and distinguishability. These conditions are shown to be independent but not sufficient. We discuss their satisfiability and classify all possible input-output pairs of sets accordingly. We also prove that strict inclusions hold between LOCC, separable, and positive partial transpose operations for set transformation problems.

The Aesthetics of OER, Deaf Pedagogy, and Curriculum Design Contra the “Wicked” Policy of Deaf Education

Designing inclusive education for deaf learners is a complex dilemma affecting multiple spheres and agents. In the US and Canada, despite considerable work by students, parents, educators, school administrators, curriculum developers, and lawmakers to address education policy about deaf bilingual literacy, the provision of deaf education through open access educational resources is a wicked problem exacerbated by gaps in curriculum and pedagogy. Despite increasingly hypermodern technologies and mandated early assessment, most deaf high schoolers in North America have unsatisfactory literacy skills (Qi & Mitchell, 2012). To better manage this “wicked problem,” involving policy, pedagogical methods, and curriculum design, we explore how aesthetic forms of knowledge and deaf positive design operations are used in conjunction with Open Educational Resources (OER). We reviewed the literature and constructed a novel framework about OER and e-books in deaf education. The synthesis generated three key takeaways that assisted our understanding of the complex issue. We presented our new framework alongside structured questions to 382 attendees hailing from 20 nations at the WUN/UNESCO Conference (2021, October), focused on inclusive and open access education technologies. We empirically analyzed this rich corpus using qualitative coding and represented our findings using a multipart Ecocycle Model. Following basic analysis, we describe four broader implications for deaf education research about teaching and curriculum using OER and e-book materials. Our analysis shows that deaf curriculum design is an educational problem embedded in a larger policy debate concerning methods and philosophies of pedagogy.

Anaerobic co-digestion of tannery effluents: Process optimisation for resource recovery, recycling and reuse in a circular bioeconomy

The anaerobic treatment of tannery effluents from the different process stages are limited by the various toxicants that are mainly added as feed chemicals. The segregated effluents present an opportunity for co-treatment to abate inhibition, supplement deficient nutrients and/or promote resource recovery using anaerobic digestion. This study investigated the feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of beamhouse (BH) and pre-treated tanyard (TY) effluents using the standardised biochemical methane potential (BMP) protocol. It was established that all reactors were active, while those with higher TY compositions and operating at very high/low inoculum to substrate ratios (3<ISR ≤ 2) suffered severe methanogenesis inhibition. Process efficiency and kinetics (maximum CH4 production rate and reaction rate constant) improved with increasing BH composition and/or ISR. The logistic, modified Gompertz and cone model showed a better fit to the experimental cumulative CH4data (0.827 ≤ Adj R2 ≤ 0.999), respectively. The optimal operating conditions (ISR = 2.5, 100% BH and 20 days retention time) demonstrated the feasibility of a circular bioeconomy and net positive tannery operations where 639 mL biogas/gVS (59% CH4), 13% and 18% of the inlet sulphur and nitrogen, respectively, are recoverable as products. The process also recovered reusable process/irrigation water, recyclable digestate as a biofertiliser and/or ceramic aggregate with energy recovery.

Bloom Filter With a False Positive Free Zone

Bloom filters and their variants are widely used as space-efficient probabilistic data structures for representing sets and are very popular in networking applications. They support fast element insertion and deletion, along with membership queries with the drawback of false positives. Bloom filters can be designed to match the false positive rates that are acceptable for the application domain. However, in many applications, a common engineering solution is to set the false positive rate very small and ignore the existence of the very unlikely false positive answers. This article is devoted to close the gap between the two design concepts of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">unlikely</i> and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">not having</i> false positives. We propose a data structure called EGH filter that supports the Bloom filter operations, and besides, it can guarantee false positive free operations for a finite universe and a restricted number of elements stored in the filter. We refer to the limited universe and filter size as the false positive free zone of the filter. We describe necessary conditions for the false-positive free zone of a filter. We then generalize the filter to support the listing of the elements through the use of counters rather than bits. We detail networking applications of the filter and discuss potential generalizations. We evaluate the performance of the filter in comparison with the traditional Bloom filters. We also evaluate the price in terms of memory that needs to be paid to guarantee real false positive-free operations for having a deterministic Bloom filter-like behavior. Our data structure is based on recently developed combinatorial group testing techniques.

Why discontinue operations? Interrelated elements of the corporate focus hypothesis

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reexamine the corporate focus hypothesis to establish the characteristics of firms that discontinue operations. The authors concentrate on four interrelated elements of the hypothesis, diversification, performance, financial constraint and market-based risk measures. The authors also examine whether firms reporting positive- or negative-valued discontinued operations have different characteristics.Design/methodology/approachAnalyzing discontinued operations provides a broad sample of strategically important exit decisions using a variety of different disposal methods. The authors use logistic regression models to explore whether the elements of the corporate focus hypotheses, and interactions between them, explain decisions to discontinue operations, and also the differences between firms making negative- and positive-valued announcements.FindingsFirms that discontinue operations are more diverse, with weak operating performance, higher financial constraints and perform poorly in financial markets. Interrelationships between these factors strongly affect exit decisions. Companies reporting negative-valued discontinued operations are smaller, make lower capital investments and face greater cash constraints and market risk. Those announcing positive-valued discontinuations are larger and make higher payouts and capital expenditures. Their overall performance is weaker than for control firms, but clearly superior to companies discontinuing negative-valued operations.Originality/valueDiscounted operations represent a wide range of exit decisions. They provide a much larger sample than most previous studies of divestitures. The authors include β, the Sharpe ratio, cash holdings, payouts to shareholders, capital expenditures and also cross-product terms between the elements of the corporate focus hypothesis, all of which have received little attention in prior research. There are significant differences between firms announcing positive and negative-valued discontinued operations.

Abstract 4263: Autophagic ovarian cancer cells exhibit substantially enhanced sensitivity to ALK inhibition

Abstract One of the major factors contributing to poor outcomes for patients with ovarian cancer is the persistence of dormant, drug resistant cancer cells after primary surgery and chemotherapy. The persistent cancer found in positive second look operations is poorly vascularized and autophagy is widespread in more than 80% of cases. Consequently, drugs that regulate survival in autophagic cancer cells may be much more active when administered as maintenance therapy than when used to treat gross recurrent disease. Using unbiased siRNA screens, we have identified target genes that regulate the survival of ovarian cancer cells that are undergoing autophagy-induced by the re-expression of DIRAS3 (ARHI) or by serum starvation. Knockdown of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) significantly reduced survival of ovarian cancer cells that were undergoing autophagy. Importantly, FDA-approved ALK inhibitors, including crizotinib, exhibited significantly greater toxicity after induction of autophagy by upregulation of DIRAS3 or serum starvation in 5 ovarian cancer cell lines. Induction of autophagy by upregulation of DIRAS3 or serum starvation in ovarian cancer cells reduced the IC50 of crizotinib and other ALK inhibitors ranging from 1.5 to 20-fold (all p-values &amp;lt;0.05). Crizotinib treatment in autophagic cancer cells enhanced autophagy and apoptosis via a decrease in p-STAT3 and BCL-2 signaling. Selective targeting of p-STAT3 or BCL-2 also resulted in significantly greater toxicity after induction of autophagy by upregulation of DIRAS3 or serum starvation in multiple ovarian cancer cells. Inducible upregulation of DIRAS3 by doxycycline in the first 6 weeks prompted autophagy and dormancy in two separate xenograft models (SKOV3 and OVCAR8). Crizotinib treatment of dormant autophagic SKOV3 xenografts prolonged median survival by 9.7 weeks (p&amp;lt;0.0032) and cured a subset of mice. Thirteen of fifteen mice (87%) bearing SKOV3 xenografts and nine of eleven mice (82%) bearing OVCAR8 xenografts, were tumor free at 200 days compared to the other three control arms (overall survival, p&amp;lt;0.0001 and p&amp;lt;0.05, respectively). Our studies suggest that ALK inhibitors might provide an effective agent to eliminate autophagic, dormant, drug resistant ovarian cancer cells that remain after conventional cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy. Citation Format: Alicia M. Blessing, Weiqun Mao, Lan Pang, Philip Rask, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast. Autophagic ovarian cancer cells exhibit substantially enhanced sensitivity to ALK inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4263.

ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI BENTUK ALJABAR PADA SISWA SMP KELAS VII

This study aims to determine what difficulties experienced by students in working on the problems in algebraic material and what factors cause students to experience difficulties in working on the questions in algebraic material. This type of research is a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The research subjects used were students of Grade 1 Pearl Junior High School 1 as many as 30 students. The data collection technique is a description test of 5 items, interviews, and student assignment documentation. The results of this study found that student learning difficulties can be seen from four errors in working on algebraic problems, namely lack of understanding of positive and negative operations, lack of understanding of reading questions, errors in calculations, use of wrong processes. Factors that cause student errors in spelling out algebraic problems are incorrect writing the operating symbol, forgetting the results of the operation of positive and negative signs, not being careful and concentrating, forgetting about the material taught before because they did not study, not understanding the teacher's explanation, not ready if there test, do not understand/ misunderstand the intended question, hurry to work on the problem.

A new class of states of reversible entanglement manipulation under positive partial transpose operations**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11671244).

We first study the reversibility for a class of states under the operations which completely preserve the positivity of partial transpose (PPT) and show that the entanglement cost is equal to the distillable entanglement for a rank-two mixed state on the 4⊗4 antisymmetric subspace under PPT operations. By using a similar method in finding the irreversibility, we also find that the value of a new efficiently computable additive lower bound Eη(ρ) for the asymptotic PPT-relative entropy of entanglement presented in [Phys. Rev. Lett.119, 180506 (2017)] is equal to the regularized Rains’ bound and an upper bound EN(ρ) for distillable entanglement for these states. Furthermore, we find states on the symmetric subspace satisfying the relation mentioned above, generalize the antisymmetric states and symmetric states in higher dimensions, and give a specific value for distillable entanglement and entanglement cost for these states under the PPT operations.

Abstract 1325: DIRAS3 (ARHI) is required for amino acid-mediated autophagy and nutrient deprivation in dormant ovarian cancers

Abstract The persistence of dormant, drug-resistant cancer cells after cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy is a major challenge that contributes to poor outcomes for ovarian cancer patients. Despite normalization of CA125 and negative imaging following primary treatment, “second look” surgery can detect small, quiescent, poorly vascularized nodules of persistent ovarian cancer in ~50% of patients. After positive second look operations, persistent ovarian cancer may take months or years to become clinically evident, consistent with tumor dormancy. Autophagy is one mechanism by which persistent, potentially dormant cancer cells could survive in a nutrient poor environment. Autophagy or “self-eating” is a catabolic process by which organelles and misfolded proteins are degraded and recycled to provide energy that could protect dormant cancer cells from acute starvation in the face of an inadequate blood supply. Autophagy can be induced by multiple mechanisms. Our group has found that, in contrast to primary ovarian cancers, the cancer cells in &amp;gt;80% of positive second look biopsies exhibit autophagy and express DIRAS3 (ARHI). DIRAS3 is an imprinted tumor suppressor gene that is downregulated in &amp;gt;60% of primary ovarian cancers by multiple mechanisms including loss of heterozygosity, CpG promoter methylation, transcriptional repression (E2F1/4) and miRNA regulation (miR-221/222). Re-expression of DIRAS3 prevents ovarian cancer growth, inhibits motility, induces autophagy and establishes tumor dormancy in xenografts. When DIRAS3 is upregulated in human ovarian carcinoma cell lines from a doxycycline-inducible promoter in nu/nu murine xenografts cancer cells remain dormant until DIRAS3 is downregulated permitting cell cycling, vascularization and progressive growth. Autophagy is required for survival of dormant xenografts in that treatment with chloroquine, a functional inhibitor of autophagy, markedly delays outgrowth of ovarian cancer xenografts when DIRAS3 is downregulated. Mechanisms by which DIRAS3 is upregulated and autophagy induced in positive second look specimens remains poorly understood. We have found that amino acid deprivation upregulates DIRAS3 and induces autophagy. Knockdown of DIRAS3 markedly decreases induction of autophagy following nutrient deprivation. We have identified that amino acid deprivation results in decreased E2F1/E2F4 expression and transcriptional upregulation of DIRAS3, but changes in promoter methylation or miRNA regulation are not observed. Knockdown of E2F1 or E2F4, both genetically and pharmacologically increase DIRAS3 expression and autophagy. Taken together these results suggest that nutrient deprivation results in transcriptional upregulation of DIRAS3-mediated autophagy and thus likely presents a mechanism by which DIRAS3 is upregulated in dormant, second look ovarian cancer tumor specimens. Citation Format: Margie Nicole Sutton, Gilbert Y. Huang, Jinhua Zhou, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast. DIRAS3 (ARHI) is required for amino acid-mediated autophagy and nutrient deprivation in dormant ovarian cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1325.

Detection of linear features including bone and skin areas in ultrasound images of joints.

Identifying the separate parts in ultrasound images such as bone and skin plays a crucial role in the synovitis detection task. This paper presents a detector of bone and skin regions in the form of a classifier which is trained on a set of annotated images. Selected regions have labels: skin or bone or none. Feature vectors used by the classifier are assigned to image pixels as a result of passing the image through the bank of linear and nonlinear filters. The filters include Gaussian blurring filter, its first and second order derivatives, Laplacian as well as positive and negative threshold operations applied to the filtered images. We compared multiple supervised learning classifiers including Naive Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbour, Decision Trees, Random Forest, AdaBoost and Support Vector Machines (SVM) with various kernels, using four classification performance scores and computation time. The Random Forest classifier was selected for the final use, as it gives the best overall evaluation results.

Unstructured big data analytics for retrieving e-commerce logistics knowledge

The divergent evolution of e-commerce has complicated its correspondingly logistics management. However, few studies have explored e-commerce logistics business models via big data analytics. Hence, this investigation explores e-commerce logistics business models from unstructured big data. Specifically, this work develops a hybrid content analytical model to scrutinize essential knowledge of e-commerce logistics. The empirical results of the proposed model incorporate theories of resource dependence theory (RDT) and innovation diffusion theory (IDT) to generate logistical strategies. Ten critical themes of e-commerce logistics from topic mining are “Southeast Asia’s e-commerce logistics payments”, “E-commerce order management”, “E-commerce logistics cloud services”, “E-commerce logistics package management”, “Europe e-commerce trends”, “India’s e-commerce logistics”, “E-commerce distribution management”, “Tax policies”, “E-commerce logistics platforms”, and “E-commerce logistics networks”. Moreover, the fundamental rule of “cross-border e-commerce logistics” is uncovered by the association rules model. The proposed hybrid content analytics framework provides a research foundation for e-commerce logistics management. Furthermore, e-commerce logistics can be implemented by vital strategies: “Establish inter-organizational and technical collaboration to create positive operations performance” and “Comprehend law, policy, and cultural differences to customize appropriate technologies of e-commerce logistics”.

Optimization for the Locations of Ambulances under Two-Stage Life Rescue in the Emergency Medical Service: A Case Study in Shanghai, China

With the development of society, public resources for healthcare are increasingly inadequate to meet the demands for the services. Therefore, it is extremely important for policymakers to provide citizens with the most effective healthcare services within the limited available resources. In order to achieve positive effect rescue operations in the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system, the problems including where to locate the ambulance facilities and how many ambulance vehicles should be allocated to the stations have become the focus of attention. In this paper, we study the problem based on the demand for EMS in Songjiang District, Shanghai, China, followed by the joint planning of Emergency Medical Services management, which typically consists of ambulance facility locations planning and patient’s assignment to hospitals. We proposed a modified Double Standard Model (DSM) to maximize the demand points covered at least two times within the minimum coverage criteria. The problem is solved by integer linear programming technique with the CPLEX software and we make a comparison between the solutions and the locations which exist in the emergency system used by the Songjiang emergency center. Our results show that the demand coverage rate and response time can be efficiently improved through relocating the current facilities without additional vehicle resources.