Positive Input Research Articles

Build an Entrepreneurial Spirit in Society

Entrepreneurship is a creative and innovative ability, keen to see opportunities and always open to any positive input and changes that can bring the business to continue to grow. Businesses should have value and be useful where this can be done through the application of the concept of social entrepreneurship. Various groups began to discuss the concept of social entrepreneurship as an innovative solution in solving social problems. For this reason, service is carried out by KKN children to those who involve villagers. By using an evaluation instrument, it is known that entrepreneurship has a very large role in the development of economic growth. The role of entrepreneurship has been tested by the economic crisis that hit the Indonesian nation. Entrepreneurship based on the people's economy was able to survive in difficult situations. The purpose of social entrepreneurship is the realization of social change for the better or positive and solving social problems for the benefit of society.

Role of Principal in Promoting Teachers Unity: Evaluation in Malaysian Secondary Schools

The inability of teachers to accept cultural, linguistic, and religious differences caused by racial differences can have a negative impact on unity. The literature suggests that principals can play a role in addressing this issue. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the principal’s role in promoting teachers’ unity and to determine the relationship between the principal’s role and teachers’ unity. This study is a survey design and a quantitative method was used to collect data from 578 teachers in a population of 236,748 teachers in secondary school. The data collected was analyzed descriptively to produce mean value and standard deviation, therefore the level of principals’ role in promoting unity and the level of teachers’ unity can be interpreted. Inference analysis by Pearson correlation was done to determine r-value, therefore the hypotheses on the relationship between the two variables were tested. Overall, principals’ role attained a high level in promoting unity with a mean score of 3.85, whereas the teachers’ unity level was also at a high level with a mean score of 4.37. The result also shows that there was a positive relationship between the two variables but at a weak level with r = 0.20. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge that principals’ role in promoting unity has had an impact on the teachers’ unity level. This finding also shows that the Malaysian Education System Aspiration focusing on promoting unity is relevant and should be continuously implemented. Apart from having theories implication, the findings bear positive input for principals’ training, and also provide input for the teaching fraternity to be more respectful towards each other’s differences, thereby avoiding racism and discrimination amongst them.

Design and Analysis of the Fractional-Order Complex Least Mean Square (FoCLMS) Algorithm

In this work, a new class of stochastic gradient algorithm is developed based on fractional calculus. Unlike the existing algorithms, the concept of complex fractional gradient is introduced by employing Caputo’s fractional derivative which results in a fractional steepest descent algorithm and a fractional-order complex LMS (FoCLMS) algorithm. We demonstrate that with the Caputo’s fractional gradient definition, the Weiner solution remains invariant. Convergence analysis of the proposed FoCLMS algorithm is presented for both transient and steady state scenarios. Consequently, expressions for the learning curves and steady state EMSE are derived. Our theoretical developments are validated by simulation experiments. Extensive simulations are presented to investigate all possible scenarios: channel with negative weights and real input data, channel with positive weights and complex input data, and channel with complex weights and complex input data.

Analisis pemanfaatan perpustakaan dalam meningkatkan minat baca bagi siswa kelas 4 sekolah dasar

<p class="Abstract"><em>This </em><em>research</em><em> aims to explain the function of the library, the availability of library book collections, and library management in increasing reading interest for grade 4 students of SD Negeri Soropadan Surakarta. This research is expected to provide positive input to the school in utilizing the school library, as well as efforts to improve the quality of the school library and students' reading interests. This research is qualitative research with descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection is done by observation techniques, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation studies. Data sources are obtained from principals, grade IV teachers, librarians, and students. Validity of data using source triangulation. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman's interactive analytics model.</em> <em>The results showed that the educational function, informative function, and recreational function of the SD Negeri Soropadan library were felt by more than 50% of the students. Judging from the collection of books that are in accordance with the curriculum, thus helping students' learning</em>. <em>The library is used as a place for students to learn. The availability of adequate books, various types and providing books that are entertaining for students. The availability of book collections in various types and classified libraries. Collection of books oriented and relevant according to the needs of students. The arrangement and arrangement of library materials for students is already interesting. Procurement and development only relies on assistance from the government and other parties.</em> <em>Library management is carried out by teachers not professionals. Library services, such as circulation services, reference services, and reading room services are already running.</em> <em>So it was concluded that the use of the SD Negeri Soropadan library including functions, availability of collections, and management was not optimal in increasing students' reading interest.</em><em> </em><em></em></p>

Higher Education in the First Year of COVID-19: Thoughts and Perspectives for the Future

In the last year a new virus (SARS‑CoV‑2) and the disease caused by it (COVID-19) has quickly spread around the world, leading the World Health Organization to declare a public health emergency and, then, a global pandemic status. The strategies adopted by many countries to reduce the impact of the pandemic were mainly based on social distancing rules and on stay-at-home measures or lockdowns. These strategies had severe disruptive consequences on many sectors, including all levels of education. While the “traditional” (face-to-face) Higher Education (HE) system was unprepared for the lockdown (e.g., no plans for a massive shift to online teaching were available/ready), it reacted in an extremely quick and effective way, replacing face-to-face teaching with online teaching. While COVID-19 has been extremely challenging for education, the experience has undoubtedly provided positive inputs for the digitalization of the HE system. The question is however, if whether after the COVID-19 emergency everything will go back to the previous situation or instead if the pandemic has irreversibly changed HE. While we are still in the middle of the crisis, it is in our view beneficial to start to reflect on the challenges and open issues that emerged during this period and the lessons learned for the “new normal” (as it is often referred to). In this conceptual paper we seek to start this discussion by focusing on the following relevant aspects that should be considered to succeed in the digital transformation: broadband network infrastructure and hardware devices; e-learning software; organization of teaching activities; pedagogical issues; diversity and inclusivity; and a number of other issues. We conclude that the COVID-19 pandemic will irreversibly change HE and probably for the better.

Investigating the Relevance of Cultural Landscapes in Tourism Experience in Abeokuta

Tourism is a modern global phenomenon, and the synergy between this phenomenon and cultural landscapes has increased the demand at both local and international levels. This paper investigates the relationship between cultural landscape and tourism, especially in Abeokuta, Ogun State. This is on the premise of bringing about sustainable development in tourism, thereby enhancing the cultural and economic values of the site. The study is important as it provides a medium for the assessment of Abeokuta cultural landscapes, and relates the influencing factors with the assessment results. This was carried out through a critical review of existing literature on cultural landscapes and the inseparable link with tourism, as well as an empirical investigation using the quantitative method of data collection through questionnaire survey on all stakeholders in the tourism industry in Abeokuta. The data generated from the survey were analyzed and results were expressed in percentages. The findings revealed that cultural landscapes actually have a positive input regarding sustainable development, and also have immense contributions towards the wellbeing of man. It also brought to limelight, the factors contributing to the quality of landscapes in Abeokuta. The paper therefore strongly recommends that adequate information should be made available to all stakeholders to improve their interest and participation, which brings about effective management, and subsequently, sustainable tourism. Keywords: Cultural Landscape, Abeokuta, Sustainable Tourism, Tourists Sites. DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/55-04 Publication date: March 31 st 2021

Technology offers sustainable nutrition solutions

Technology offers sustainable nutrition solutions

Mathematical teachers’ knowledge of STEM-based education

The challenge of the industrial revolution 4.0 (4IR) demands that future generations have high knowledge, skills, and capabilities in technology. A country’s competitiveness depends on STEM human capital as 4IR develops. Therefore, more organized and holistic actions need to be taken to ensure that the STEM level of mastery is enhanced among students. High demand for STEM human capital is a challenge to most developed countries in the world. Teachers are a crucial medium in the implementation of STEM education in schools. Mastering the knowledge of teachers in STEM education will provide positive input to students’ interest in learning. The purpose of this study was to identify the mathematics teacher’s knowledge of STEM-based education. A quantitative study was conducted on 66 teachers - who teach STEM subjects in high school. Twenty-three of them are math teachers. The findings show that these teachers know STEM education at a moderate level. The implications of this study indicate that the mastery of teachers ‘knowledge of STEM education will stimulate students’ interest in STEM education. Future studies can explore, the factors that influence teachers’ knowledge of STEM education in terms of teacher preparation and in-service teacher professional development programs.

Pre-understanding: An interpretation-enhancer and horizon-expander in research

Pre-understanding – our presuppositions of reality – underlies all research. Many researchers probably also draw productively on their pre-understanding in their studies. However, very few rationales and methodological resources exist for how researchers can enrich their research by mobilizing their pre-understanding more actively and systematically. We elaborate and propose a framework for how researchers more actively, systematically and visibly can bring forward their pre-understanding and use it as a positive input in research, alongside formal data and theory. In particular, we show how researchers, in dialogue with data and theory, can mobilize their pre-understanding as an interpretation-enhancer and horizon-expander throughout the research process, including stimulating imagination and idea generation, broadening the empirical base, and evaluating what empirical material and theoretical ideas are interesting and relevant to pursue.

Higher Fluid Balance is Associated With Worse Outcome in Critically Ill Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

Background: Fluid therapy is a ubiquitous part of management of critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and may impact on outcome. Our aim was to quantify variability in current fluid therapy in patients with TBI admitted at European and Australian Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and to study the association between fluid therapy and outcome after TBI. Methods: We analyzed data from patients admitted to the ICU with TBI and aged 16 and older included in the observational European CENTER-TBI and Australian OzENTER-TBI studies. The association of net daily fluid balance and -input with outcome (ICU mortality and functional outcome at 6 months) was analyzed at patient level with mixed effects logistic and ordinal regression with a random intercept for centre and adjustment for patient characteristics, and at centre level with centre as instrumental variable. Findings: In total, 2125 patients were included (1005 patients with isolated TBI). Mean daily fluid input ranged from 1·5 to 4·2L per centre. More positive daily mean fluid balance and fluid input were associated with worse outcome in patient-level analyses (fluid balance: ORs per 0·1L increase 1·10 [95%CI:1·07–1·13] and 1·03 [95%CI:1·02–1·05] for ICU mortality and functional outcome respectively; fluid input: ORs 1·05 [95%CI:1·03–1·06] and 1·03 [95%CI:1·02–1·04]). Centre-level analysis showed similar associations for fluid balance (ORs 1·15 [95%CI:1·02-1·29]; and 1·07 [95%CI:1·01-1·12], but not for fluid input (ORs: 0·95 [95%CI: 0·90-1·00]; and 1·01 [95%CI:0·99–1·03]). Interpretation: In critically ill patients with TBI, there is significant variability in fluid management with more positive fluid balances being associated with worse outcomes. Further research is needed to establish whether mitigation of positive fluid balance by less liberal fluid administration contributes to improved outcome. Funding: This research was funded by the European Commission 7th Framework program (602150) and the Australian Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC 1074181). Declaration of Interests: DJC is an Australian NHMRC Practitioner Fellow and reports grants from the NHMRC and consulting fees to Monash University from PresSura Neuro. AIM declares consulting fees from PresSura Neuro, Integra Life Sciences, and NeuroTrauma Sciences. DKM reports grants from the UK National Institute for Health Research, during the conduct of the study; grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from GlaxoSmithKline; personal fees from Neurotrauma Sciences, Lantmaanen AB, Pressura, and Pfizer, outside of the submitted work. ES reports personal fees from Springer, during the conduct of the study. All other authors declare no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: In each recruiting site ethical approval was given.

Learning Interactions of Local and Non-Local Phonotactic Constraints from Positive Input

Learning Interactions of Local and Non-Local Phonotactic Constraints from Positive Input

The use authentic materials in esp classrooms

The utilization of authentic materials for English language educating has been talked about for a long time by applied etymologists and language professionals. Most teachers like utilizing genuine messages however try not to utilize them because of absence of information on the best way to choose suitable texts and use them in the classroom in methodologically proper ways. This research was proposed to investigate the instructional ways to deal with the utilization of authentic texts at ESP classes and their consequences for academic execution of students at Fergana Polytechnic Institute. The outcomes show that utilizing authentic materials in the English as Foreign Language classroom emphatically impacts the improvement students' communicative ability. Subsequent to going through the connected writing and the commonsense execution of the current examination, clearly the utilization of authentic materials is a helpful way to inspire students, excite their advantage and open them to target language, in actuality, circumstances. Likewise, the utilization of authentic materials permits accepting positive input on their learning cycle, since students notice they manage intelligent and significant language in genuine settings.

Upgrade Kompetensi Guru PAI Dalam Merespon Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19

How to improve the competence of Islamic religious. The formulation of the research problem is education teachers in responding to distance learning? The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement efforts made by Islamic religious education teachers to improve their competence. Second: to analyze the dynamics of the implementation of teacher competency improvement. Third: to provide positive suggestions and input for Islamic religious education teachers to improve their competence. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a literature review approach and books which are the main reference of this research are Munir's Book, Distance Learning Based on Information and Communication Technology, Bandung: Alfabeta. The conclusion is that in an effort to improve the competence of Islamic religious education teachers, they formulate a strategic plan by paying attention to the objectives and utilization of learning resources, then carry out an interactive, inspiring and fun learning process. Then from these efforts, the Islamic religious education teacher responded by evaluating to be able to provide maximum results, in the distance learning process by increasing competence, designing distance learning devices, designing the implementation of distance learning, so that the evaluation can measure teacher competence. Islamic religious education in response to distance education to improve the quality of learning carried out remotely during the Covid-19 pandemic in the future.

PFLU and FPFLU: Two novel non-monotonic activation functions in convolutional neural networks

The choice of activation functions in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is very important. Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) has been widely-used in most CNNs. Recently, a series of non-monotonic activation functions gradually become the new standard to enhance performance of CNNs. Inspired by them, this paper firstly proposes a novel non-monotonic activation function called Power Function Linear Unit (PFLU). The negative part of PFLU is non-monotonic and closer to zero with the negative input decreasing, which can maintain sparsity of the negative part while introducing negative activation values and non-zero derivative values for the negative part. The positive part of PFLU does not use identity mapping but is closer to identity mapping with the positive input increasing, which can bring non-linearity property for the positive part. Next, this paper proposes faster PFLU (FPFLU). A wide range of classification experiments show that PFLU tends to work better than current state-of-the-art non-monotonic activation functions, and FPFLU can run faster than most non-monotonic activation functions.

The impact of Co-Production on the Client-Therapist Therapeutic Relationship in an Intellectual Disability Service

Purpose:To evaluate the impact of an intervention designed to facilitate co-production on the client-therapist therapeutic relationship in an intellectual disability service.Design:The ‘My Psychology Treatment Plans’ intervention was administered to 20 service users during their first three months of admission to a tier four specialist intellectual disability forensic service. Pre- and post-scores were collected using the service user version of the Scale to Assess Therapeutic Relationships (STAR-P; McGuire-Snieckus et al., 2007).Findings:A paired-samples t-test revealed a significant increase in positive collaboration, positive clinician input, and overall total score. This suggested an overall increase in positive therapeutic relationship.Practical implications:The findings support the existing literature of the importance of co-production in increasing the therapeutic relationship between client and therapist, and co-production should be a key component of developing treatment plans.Originality/value:This study contributes to developing an understanding of the importance of co-production in secure services, particularly within an intellectual disability population.

Irreversibility, heat and information flows induced by non-reciprocal interactions

We study the thermodynamic properties induced by non-reciprocal interactions between stochastic degrees of freedom in time- and space-continuous systems. We show that, under fairly general conditions, non-reciprocal coupling alone implies a steady energy flow through the system, i.e., non-equilibrium. Projecting out the non-reciprocally coupled degrees of freedom renders non-Markovian, one-variable Langevin descriptions with complex types of memory, for which we find a generalized second law involving information flow. We demonstrate that non-reciprocal linear interactions can be used to engineer non-monotonic memory, which is typical for, e.g., time-delayed feedback control, and is automatically accompanied with a nonzero information flow through the system. Furthermore, already a single non-reciprocally coupled degree of freedom can extract energy from a single heat bath (at isothermal conditions), and can thus be viewed as a minimal version of a time-continuous, autonomous ‘Maxwell demon’. We also show that for appropriate parameter settings, the non-reciprocal system has characteristic features of active matter, such as a positive energy input on the level of the fluctuating trajectories without global particle transport.

Understanding the multidimensional phenomenon of medication adherence attitudes in psychosis

There is an urgent need for a better understanding of the multidimensional factors of medication adherence attitudes in patients with psychosis in order to enhance adherence as up to 75% of patients stop or change their medication within a year.81 patients with psychosis were assessed on symptom expression, self-stigmatization, adherence attitudes, QoL, social support and therapeutic alliance judged by patients and clinicians. Regression analyses were used to test whether better QoL, more social support and a better therapeutic alliance are associated with more positive and less negative adherence attitudes.More positive clinician input, higher state anxiety and lower levels of self-stigmatization predicted more positive adherence attitudes, while less positive collaboration with the clinician and higher levels of self-stigmatization were associated with more negative adherence attitudes. QoL and social support were unrelated to adherence attitudes.The quality of the therapeutic alliance perceived by patients appears crucial regarding their medication adherence attitudes. Thus, clinicians’ focus on psychotic symptom expression is not sufficient to achieve goal agreement. Rather, it is imperative to consider the individual subjective needs of patients as a key element for sustained therapeutic alliance.

UKRAINIAN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION AS THE PRECONDITION OF EMERGENCE OF DOMESTIC AVIATION EDUCATION

The historical preconditions for the emergence of the domestic system of civil aviation flight training in Ukraine were its active actions in the process of the development of aviation and aircraft construction. The particular aim of this article is to study the historic development of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, to find out how it became the cradle of Ukrainian aviation and plane construction, to highlight and characterize the key persons who influenced the development of the domestic aircraft industry, to give the comparative characteristics to old educational and modern principles of aircraft constructors training. To solve the tasks of the article, a set of research methods was used, due to its subject, goals and objectives: comparative analysis (theoretical analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization of scientific sources, periodicals to solve this problem and clarify the conceptual apparatus of the study); chronological and diachronic (determination the development and essential changes in preparing the aircraft construction personnel in KPI); search and bibliographic (systematization and classification of pedagogical, methodical, scientific literature, archival materials, periodicals on the aeronautical achievements in Kyiv Polytechnic Institute); comparative and historical (analysis and comparison of socio-pedagogical phenomena that make it possible to identify positive inputs in Ukrainian aviation industry). Comparing educational methods at the beginning of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century, it should be noted that now in addition to generating talented ideas the student should have many professional competencies. In addition to strict requirements for future specialists, the state also makes certain requirements for higher education institutions that train future aircraft designers.

A cognitive brain model for multimodal sentiment analysis based on attention neural networks

Multimodal sentiment analysis is one of the most attractive interdisciplinary research topics in artificial intelligence (AI). Different from other classification issues, multimodal sentiment analysis of human is a much finer classification problem. However, most current work accept all multimodalities as the input together and then output final results at one time after fusion and decision processes. Rare models try to divide their models into more than one fusion modules with different fusion strategies for better adaption of different tasks. Additionally, most recent multimodal sentiment analysis methods pay great focuses on binary classification, but the accuracy of multi-classification still remains difficult to improve. Inspired by the emotional processing procedure in cognitive science, both binary and multi-classification abilities are improved in our method by dividing the complicated problem into smaller issues which are easier to be handled. In this paper, we propose a Hierarchal Attention-BiLSTM (Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory) model based on Cognitive Brain limbic system (HALCB). HALCB splits the multimodal sentiment analysis into two modules responsible for two tasks, the binary classification and the multi-classification. The former module divides the input items into two categories by recognizing their polarity and then sends them to the latter module separately. In this module, Hash algorithm is utilized to improve the retrieve accuracy and speed. Correspondingly, the latter module contains a positive sub-net dedicated for positive inputs and a negative sub-nets dedicated for negative inputs. Each of these binary module and two sub-nets in multi-classification module possesses different fusion strategy and decision layer for matching its respective function. We also add a random forest at the final link to collect outputs from all modules and fuse them at the decision-level at last. Experiments are conducted on three datasets and compare the results with baselines on both binary classification and multi-classification tasks. Our experimental results surpass the state-of-the-art multimodal sentiment analysis methods on both binary and multi-classification by a big margin.

Researchers\u2019 views on, and experiences with, the requirement to obtain informed consent in research involving human participants: a qualitative study

BackgroundInformed consent is often cited as the “cornerstone” of research ethics. Its intent is that participants enter research voluntarily, with an understanding of what their participation entails. Despite agreement on the necessity to obtain informed consent in research, opinions vary on the threshold of disclosure necessary and the best method to obtain consent. We aimed to investigate Australian researchers’ views on, and their experiences with, obtaining informed consent.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 researchers from NSW institutions, working in various fields of research. Interviews were analysed and coded to identify themes.ResultsResearchers reported that consent involved information disclosure, understanding and a voluntary decision. They emphasised the variability of consent interactions, which were dependent on potential participants’ abilities and interests, study complexity and context. All researchers reported providing written information to potential participants, yet questioned the readability and utility of this information. The majority reported using signed consent forms to ‘operationalise’ consent and reported little awareness of, and lack of support in implementing more dynamic informed consent procedures, such as verbal informed consent, that was fit for the purposes of their studies. Views on Human Research Ethics Committees (HRECs) varied. Some reported inconsistent, arduous inputs on the information form and consent process. Others expressed reliance on HRECs for guidance, viewing them as institutional safeguards.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of transparent relationships, both between researchers and participants, and between researchers and HRECs. Where the relationship with study participants was reported as more robust, researchers felt that they were better able to ensure participants made better, more informed decisions. Where the relationship with HRECs was reported as more robust, researchers were more likely to view them as institutional safeguards, rather than as bureaucratic hindrances. Conscientious and mindful researchers are paramount to ensuring the procedure accommodates individual requirements. This study advocates that when designing ethical informed consent practices, researchers should be integrated as autonomous players with a positive input on the process, rather than, in the worst case, predatory recruiters to be curtailed by information forms and oversight.