Positive Energy Research Articles

Advanced design of sol-gel derived multilayered cerium titanate films: structural, surface, photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties

Crystallization of Ce2Ti2O7 in the mixture of TiO2 and CeO2 was achieved by the three-layered coating of cerium − titanium mixed sol of the 1 : 1 metals molar ratio on a glass substrate at certain temperature regime in air as proven by XRD, SAED and Raman spectroscopy. Anatase and Ce2Ti2O7 crystallization with XRD undetectable crystallites brought to the increase of the specific surface area of the films. The formation of Ti–O–Ce bonds on the surface of the films was proven by the noticeable shift of Ti2p and O1s XPS maxima compared to TiO2 ones. The additional peaks in Ti2p, O1s and Ce3d XPS spectra belonging to the common bonds between the metals ions were identified for the first time. The bandgap energy and band-edge positions of Ce2Ti2O7 were firstly determined by photoelectrochemical measurements. The inactivity of the films in photocatalytic reductive and oxidative processes was caused by the unfavorable position of the valence band of Ce2Ti2O7 causing the recombination of the photo-formed electron−hole pair.

A micromagnetic-mechanically coupled phase-field model for fracture and fatigue of magnetostrictive alloys

Magnetostrictive alloys are usually brittle materials with micromagnetic structures. Their structural reliability and durability depend on the complex micromagnetic-mechanical coupling at smaller length scales encompassing the evolution of micromagnetic structures. Herein we propose a micromagnetic-mechanically coupled phase-field model for fracture and fatigue behavior of magnetostrictive alloys with evolution of the micromagnetic structure. The thermodynamically-consistent model is derived from microforce theory, laws of thermodynamics, and Coleman–Noll analysis. The evolution of crack phase-field and magnetization-vector order parameters that are fully coupled is governed by history field dependent Allen–Cahn and Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equations, respectively. The model is extended to fatigue by introducing a degradation prefactor for the fracture energy as a function of positive elastic energy. One-dimensional analyses are then presented to anatomize the crack driving forces in terms of fully coupled micromagnetic-mechanical and pure mechanical driving force. We demonstrate the model capabilities by finite-element numerical studies on the micromagnetic domain evolution during the crack propagation and the influence of external magnetic field for type-I, type-II, and three-point bending fracture, as well as for the fracture of a single-edge notched specimen with an elliptical inclusion. The simulation result shows that depending on how micromagnetic domains are switched under micromagnetic-mechanical coupling, the magnetic field can enhance or decrease the critical load. In the presence of inclusion with larger fracture toughness, a crack is found to nucleate in the tri-junction of multi-domain micromagnetic structure owing to the high elastic strain around the tri-junction point. It is further found that a suitable magnetic field promoting magnetization-vector rotation around the crack tip could remarkably improve the fracturing load and fatigue life. The results demonstrate the model promising for the study of micromagnetic-mechanically coupled fracture and fatigue in magnetostrictive alloys.

The subcutaneous adipose transcriptome identifies a molecular signature of insulin resistance shared with visceral adipose.

The objective of this study was to identify the transcriptional landscape of insulin resistance (IR) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in humans across the spectrum of obesity. We used SAT RNA sequencing in 220 individuals with metabolic phenotyping. We identified a 35-gene signature with high predictive accuracy for homeostatic model of IR that was expressed across a variety of non-immune cell populations. We observed primarily "protective" IR associations for adipocyte transcripts and "deleterious" associations for macrophage transcripts, as well as a high concordance between SAT and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Multiple SAT genes exhibited dynamic expression 5 years after weight loss surgery and with insulin stimulation. Using available expression quantitative trait loci in SAT and/or VAT, we demonstrated similar genetic effect sizes of SAT and VAT on type 2 diabetes and BMI. SAT is conventionally viewed as a metabolic buffer for lipid deposition during positive energy balance, whereas VAT is viewed as a dominant contributor to and prime mediator of IR and cardiometabolic disease risk. Our results implicate a dynamic transcriptional architecture of IR that resides in both immune and non-immune populations in SAT and is shared with VAT, nuancing the current VAT-centric concept of IR in humans.

Unraveling the nature of local field distortion-induced dual electron-trapping centers for efficient photocatalytic fuel evolution

Active electron-trapping centers play significant roles in photocatalysis. Herein, we synergize local field distortion and defects in nanocrystals to produce dual electron-trapping centers and unravel the nature of aluminum doping in porous ZnO with tunable amounts of heteroatoms and oxygen vacancies. The introduced Al atoms in the structural domain induce local field distortion and trigger the movement of Zn2+ from a singlet low spin state to a stable triplet state, resulting in the generation of free carriers trapping centers and optimized electronic energy band structure. Dual active electron-trapping centers of heteroatoms and oxygen vacancies promote the Separation of photo-generated charge carriers and reduce the adsorption energies of H* species. Furthermore, the d-band center of Al-doped ZnO with oxygen vacancies shifts to a higher energy position, thus promoting the adsorption and desorption of hydrogen intermediates and exhibiting 4-fold the photocatalytic H2 efficiency of pristine ZnO. This study provides new insights into the rational design of highly efficient oxide-based photocatalysts toward sustainable solar fuel evolution.

Mapping the Potential of Zero-Energy Building in Greece Using Roof Photovoltaics

The present study investigates the incorporation of renewable rooftop photovoltaic systems in fully electrified residential buildings and estimates the zero-energy demand building potential in relation to the climatic data of Greece. Specifically, the aim of the analysis is to calculate the maximum possible number of stories and therefore the total building height for a complete transformation to zero-net-energy building. The energy analysis, which is conducted using the DesignBuilder software, focuses on single-floor up to seven-story buildings. The importance of the present work lies in the acknowledgment of the diversity of the Greek residential sector, the adherence to national energy policies, and the European goal of fully electrified buildings. The examined case studies are equipped with electrically driven air-to-air heat pumps serving the space heating and cooling demands and with an air-to-water heat pump covering the domestic hot water requirements. The investigated locations are the four main cities of Greece, Athens, Thessaloniki, Chania, and Kastoria, which represent the country’s four climatic categories. The conducted analysis allows for the mapping of the zero-energy building potential for the climatic data of Greece, demonstrating the possibility of striking a positive building energy balance through the integration of on-site renewable energy sources and the production of necessary electrical energy. The novelty of the present work lies in the identification of a key factor, namely, the building height, which determines the feasibility of transforming multifamily buildings into zero-energy buildings. According to the analysis results, the critical number of stories is calculated at six for Chania, five for Athens, four for Thessaloniki, and two for Kastoria. Regarding a three-story residential building, the incorporation of a renewable photovoltaic system can result in an annual surplus electricity production of 13,741 kWh (Chania), 10,424 kWh (Athens), and 6931 kWh (Thessaloniki), and a corresponding coverage of 100% (Chania), 69.0% (Athens), 38.9% (Thessaloniki) and 0% (Kastoria).

Effects of propylene glycol in different doses on metabolic parameters in dairy cows

In the study, the effects of propylene glycol (PG) drenched in different doses in dairy cows with positive energy balance were evaluated on serum metabolic parameters. Twenty-four Simmental dairy cows in 60-190 days of lactation period with positive energy balance were included to this study. PG was drenched 3 h after morning feeding, at a doses of 300 mL (8 dairy cows) and 500 mL (8 dairy cows), once a day, for 3 days. Eight dairy cows were included for control group. Blood samples were collected once before PG drenching, daily after drenching of PG, and finally on day 4. Serum biochemical parameters were determined. With regard to energy metabolism, glucose concentrations from serum biochemical parameters significantly increased on day 3 in 500 mL PG group compared to control group, and there were not significant changes in BHBA and NEFA concentrations. Decreased urea, increased chloride concentrations were determined with within reference limits. In dairy cows with positive energy balance, 500 mL PG oral drenching had positive effect on energy balance as determined by serum glucose measurements, might not have negative effects on hepatic and renal function, and may cause serum electrolyte changes within reference limits.

New insight into Na+-promoted microbial electrolysis cell towards hydrogen energy recovery: Feasibility and dual mechanism in salt-containing wastewater treatment

The salt-containing wastewater treatment has become serious challenge, while conductivity and micro-ecosystem disorder severely limited microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) efficiency. In order to synchronously overcome the above bottlenecks, this study proposed an innovative Na+-promoted MEC system for efficient salt-containing wastewater treatment. The Na+ presence greatly improved conductivity to impair electric resistance, resulting in rapid electron transfer pattern towards organic degradation in anode and hydrogen synthesis in cathode. Furthermore, the selective Na+ stress triggered microbial community evolution and improved electroactive bacteria activity after salinity cultivation in MEC (0.09–0.17 mol Na+/L), which played “bacteria screening” role for salt-tolerant “electrochemical hydrogen-producing” bacteria community formation. The organic-degrading and hydrogen-producing bacteria with their assistors were tolerant to Na+ stress, which were considerably enriched into dominant microorganisms, while the unfavorable bacteria responsible for hydrogen consumption and competition were inhibited due to salinity-sensitivity. Correspondingly, the metabolic pathways for metabolism, genetic information processing and environmental information processing were improved, positively associating with organic degradation and hydrogen production. Such dual driving contributions of Na+-improved electron transfer-utilization pattern and Na+-modified microbial metabolisms boosted the organic pollutant degradation at anode to 91.34 % while improving the performance and speeds of hydrogen production by 1.57–1.70 times. The hydrogen abundance was also increased to 71.57 % in biogas. The energy efficiencies relative to external electricity and substrates were elevated by 8.80–28.44 %, the coulombic efficiency raised by 14.05 % and reached 109.72 %, suggesting the positive net energy benefits. The findings provided inspirations to the feasible application of MEC in salt-containing wastewater treatment with efficiency benefits.

Radiation effects on multi-channel Forksheet-FET and Nanosheet-FET considering the bottom dielectric isolation scheme

This study analyzes the single-event transient (SET) characteristics of alpha particles on multi-channel Forksheet-FET and Nanosheet-FET at the device and circuit levels through 3D TCAD simulations. The study investigates the differences in SET responses based on the energy and incident position of incoming alpha particles, considering the structural variances between Forksheet-FET and Nanosheet-FET, as well as the presence or absence of bottom dielectric isolation (BDI) in the fabrication process. Specifically, the introduction of BDI is observed to significantly suppress the voltage drop caused by ‘unintended' current, as it can block the substantial electron-hole pairs (EHP) generated by injected alpha particles in the bulk substrate from reaching the FET terminals. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the size of abnormal current decreases as the energy of the injected alpha particle increases. Additionally, evaluating the response to SET based on the fundamental logic circuit, the CMOS inverter, revealed relatively small abnormal voltage drops for both Forksheet and Nanosheet when BDI was applied, confirming high immunity to radiation effects. Moreover, it can be observed that the application of BDI enhances reliability from a memory perspective by effectively suppressing voltage flips in the SRAM's cross-coupled latch circuit.

Negative energy balance affects perinatal ewe performance, rumen morphology, rumen flora structure, and placental function.

This study investigated the effects of negative energy balance (NEB) on perinatal ewes, with a focus on changes in growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, rumen fermentation, ruminal bacteria composition, placental phenotype-related indicators, and expression levels of genes related to placental function. Twenty ewes at 130 days of gestation were randomly allocated to either the positive energy balance (PEB) or NEB groups. In the experiment, ewes in the PEB group were fed the same amount as their intake during the pre-feeding baseline period, while ewes in the NEB group were restricted to 70% of their individual baseline feed intake. The experiment was conducted until 42 days postpartum, and five double-lamb ewes per group were selected for slaughter. The results demonstrated that NEB led to a significant decrease in body weight, carcass weight, and the birth and weaning weights of lambs (P < 0.05). Additionally, NEB caused alterations in serum biochemical parameters, such as increased non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate levels and decreased cholesterol and albumin levels (P < 0.05). Rumen fermentation and epithelial parameters were also affected, with a reduction in the concentrations of acetic acid, butyric acid, total acid and a decrease in the length of the rumen papilla (P < 0.05). Moreover, NEB induced changes in the structure and composition of ruminal bacteria, with significant differences in α-diversity indices and rumen microbial community composition (P < 0.05). Gene expression in rumen papilla and ewe placenta was also affected, impacting genes associated with glucose and amino acid transport, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis (P < 0.05). These findings screened the key microbiota in the rumen of ewes following NEB and highlighted the critical genes associated with rumen function. Furthermore, this study revealed the impact of NEB on placental function in ewes, providing a foundation for investigating how nutrition in ewes influences reproductive performance. This research demonstrates how nutrition regulates reproductive performance by considering the combined perspectives of rumen microbiota and placental function.

The Importance of Friendship; Storytelling in Korean Music Industry by SEVENTEEN

Hallyu or K-Pop or pop culture from South Korea divided into several generations, the third generation that truly blasted through their most distinguishable of developing and storytelling concepts, conveying more than music, but stories and own concepts. SEVENTEEN's storytelling conveyed messages about friendship lead to being a support system in the community seek answering the where some researchers also mentioned having a strong support system led to many positive benefits and with many estimations of adult over the world experienced loneliness to mental illness. Using the narrative paradigm and observing SEVENTEEN’s concerts and its contents to discover the meaning of SEVENTEEN’s storytelling. Based on Friendship research by Parker &amp; Asher, founded SEVENTEEN growth, relationships, and life are all embodied in performances the members create together becoming the value they brought to the world. Their shared moments, music and performances lead to a positive special and unique relationship with their audience and establishing a supportive and affective environment throughout the community. SEVENTEEN lights up the positive energy, as a support system were it being able to minimize the negative effects from youth-hood period.

Erratum: Self-consistent single-nucleon potential at positive energy produced by semi-realistic interaction and its examination via nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering [Phys. Rev. C 109 , 044614 (2024)

Erratum: Self-consistent single-nucleon potential at positive energy produced by semi-realistic interaction and its examination via nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering [Phys. Rev. C <b>109</b> , 044614 (2024)

Computational determination of the S1(Ã1A″) absorption spectra of HONO and DONO using full-dimensional neural network potential energy surfaces.

The Ã1A″ ← X̃1A' absorption spectra of HONO and DONO were simulated by a full six-dimensional quantum mechanical method based on the newly constructed potential energy surfaces for the ground and excited electronic states, which were represented by the neural network method utilizing over 36 000 abinitio energy points calculated at the multireference configuration interaction level with Davidson correction. The absorption spectrum of HONO/DONO comprises a superposition of the spectra from two isomers, namely, trans- and cis-HONO/DONO, due to their coexistence in the ground X̃1A' state. Our calculated spectra of both HONO and DONO were found to be in fairly good agreement with the experiment, including the energy positions and widths of the peaks. The dominant progression was assigned to the N=O stretch mode (20n) associated with trans-HONO/DONO, which can be attributed to the promotion of an electron to the π* orbital of N=O. Specifically, the resonances with higher vibrational quanta were found to be in the domain of the Feshbach-type resonances. The assignments of the spectra and mode specificity therein are discussed.

Multiple high energy solutions of a nonlinear Hardy–Sobolev critical elliptic equation arising in astrophysics

In this article, we study the existence and multiplicity of high energy solutions to the problem proposed as a model for the dynamics of galaxies: −Δu+V(x)u=|u|2∗−2u|y|,x=(y,z)∈Rm×Rn−m,where n>4, 2≤m<n, 2∗≔2(n−1)n−2 and potential function V(x):Rn→R. Benefiting from a global compactness result, we show that there exist at least two positive high energy solutions. Our proofs are based on barycenter function, quantitative deformation lemma and Brouwer degree theory.

Submesoscale Kinetic Energy Induced by Vertical Buoyancy Fluxes During the Tropical Cyclone Haitang

AbstractSubmesoscale process is an important part in the kinetic energy cascade from large‐scale circulation to turbulent dissipation, and a key component of the global heat budget. Its dynamic response to weather event is an important process in forecasting marine bio‐chemical matter transport. So how will submesoscale instabilities response to tropical cyclones (TCs) is worth studying. Based on underwater glider observations and 1‐km high resolution numerical modeling, we investigated two TCs (Roke and Haitang)‐induced submesoscale baroclinic instabilities and their dynamic mechanisms in the Northern South China Sea. The TC Haitang induced significant surface cooling, mixed layer deepening, front sharpening, and enhanced the mixed layer baroclinic and symmetric instabilities. The submesoscale kinetic energy also enhanced sharply after TC Haitang, which was higher correlated with increased mesoscale strain rates. The submesoscale energetics analysis revealed that the enhanced frontal submesoscale kinetic energy after TC Haitang was mainly from potential energy release via baroclinic energy conversion. Four groups of sensitivity numerical experiments revealed that the turbulent heat buoyancy flux and the Ekman buoyancy flux contributed equally to the positive baroclinic energy conversion during the TC Haitang. This study helps us to understand the multiscale oceanic energy transfers and submesoscale air‐sea interaction processes.

Simbol Cinta Manusia dalam Novel Zuhūr Taʾkuluhā Al-Nār Karya Amir Tag Elsir

Love is an inseparable part of human life, because humans will always need love in any case to continue life, because love is human nature. The intensity of love felt will vary, depending on the person who feels it and to whom the love is. Functions as a source of positive energy but can also cause bad things if misunderstood. This research aims to understand the semiosis of love symbols in the novel "Zuhūr Taʾkuluhā al-Nār" by Amir Tag Elsir using Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic approach. This research connects the results with Sternberg's love triangle theory. The method used is analytical descriptive qualitative research. The research results identified 25 data that reflect six love symbols: liking, infatuation love, empty love, romantic love, companionate love, and fatuous love.

First-principles studies of the stability, structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of halogen atom doped marcasite FeS2

The effects of halogen atom (F, Cl, Br or I) doping on the stability, structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of marcasite FeS2 (m-FeS2) are investigated through the first-principles calculations. The formation energies are relatively small under Fe-rich condition, indicating that it is feasible to implant halogen atom into m-FeS2. The ground state of halogen atom doped m-FeS2 systems is magnetic due to the positive energy differences between non-spin-polarized and spin-polarized states. Phonon dispersion curves show that all doping systems are dynamically stable. The total magnetic moment of all doping systems is nearly 1μB, since replacing the S atom with a halogen atom introduces a non-bonding electron. Most of them come from Fe and S atoms, and only a small fraction come from the dopant. The simulation results show that F- and Br-doped m-FeS2 systems are still semiconductors although the band gaps are reduced considerably, Cl-doped m-FeS2 changes to a half-metal with half metallic band gap of 0.25 eV, while I-doped m-FeS2 becomes a metal, making them potentially useful in spintronics. In addition, the halogen atom doped m-FeS2 systems possess enhanced absorption coefficient and red-shifted absorption edge. So they are promising in optoelectronic device and solar energy harvesting.

Negative cosmological constant in the dark energy sector: tests from JWST photometric and spectroscopic observations of high-redshift galaxies

Early observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed the existence of an unexpectedly large abundance of extremely massive galaxies at redshifts z ≳ 5: these are in tension with the predictions not only of the standard ΛCDM cosmology, but also with those of a wide class of dynamical dark energy (DE) models, and are generally in better agreement with models characterized by a phantom behaviour. Here we consider a model, inspired by string theory and the ubiquity of anti-de Sitter vacua therein, featuring an evolving DE component with positive energy density on top of a negative cosmological constant, argued in an earlier exploratory analysis to potentially be able to explain the JWST observations. We perform a robust comparison of this model against JWST data, considering both photometric observations from the CEERS program, and spectroscopic observations from the FRESCO survey. We show that the model is able to accommodate the JWST observations, with a consistency probability of up to 98%, even in the presence of an evolving component with a quintessence-like behaviour (easier to accommodate theoretically compared to phantom DE), while remaining consistent with standard low-redshift probes. Our results showcase the potential of measurements of high-redshift galaxy abundances in tests of fundamental physics, and their complementarity with standard cosmological probes.

Bringing emotional reflexivity and emotional regime to understanding ‘the hukou puzzle’ in contemporary China

This article examines the dialogic relationship between emotional reflexivity and emotional regime as it explores ‘the hukou puzzle’ in China. In theory, migrants in small- to medium-scale cities can transfer their hukou (household registration) to urban areas, yet are unwilling to do so in practice. Relying on six months’ ethnographic fieldwork and 60 in-depth interviews with ethnic migrant performers, this article argues that previous theorisation of the hukou puzzle neglects emotions and assumes migrants are making rational choices to maximise their profits. In reality, different emotions and feelings inform migrants’ reflexivity regarding an opaque migration regime, which highlights the crucial role of how they exercise their reflexivity in emotional and relational ways. Moreover, a neoliberal emotional regime at the Chinese societal level – which emphasises positive energy, happiness and ‘the China Dream’ – also significantly shapes migrants’ emotional reflexivity. This article points to the need to further explore the intersection between emotional reflexivity and emotional regime in relation to migration.

The Role of Qris as a Digital Payment Revolution to Develop Business in Sendang Asih Beach, Sendangsicat Village, Rowosari District, Kendal Regency

The majority of residents in Sendangsikucing Village are fishermen and some people choose to look for marine products to meet their daily needs, because a fisherman's salary is not commensurate with their needs. Several MSMEs in Sendangsikucing village were important targets in the research. Limited product marketing is an obstacle in increasing sales turnover which is still done manually. The specific aim of implementing the Community Service Program in Sendangsikucing Village, Rowosari District, is to assist the village government in reviving the community economy among MSMEs. Based on payment techniques that still use the manual method, QRIS is the national QR code standard as a code payment medium, where the physical to digital payment method is more efficient. So, it is hoped that this service will be able to help provide positive energy to the community in the transformation towards a cashless society and the results of this activity will be directly put into practice by MSMEs on Sendang Asih beach using the QRIS application for payment transactions. In addition, this research can be used as a valuable reference source for banks or non-bank institutions to develop appropriate strategies to attract MSMEs to use QRIS.

Digital Protection and Innovative Development Path of Red Culture Resources Based on Distributed Machine Learning Supported by Intelligent Information

As a product of the revolutionary war years, red culture, with its strong vitality, strong cohesion and extraordinary charm, with its incomparable positive energy, resists vulgar and flattering culture, promotes people to rebuild their faith, purify their minds, stimulate their motivation, and promote the process of cultural power. Yan’an, represented by red culture, is rich in resources. This is the holy land of Chinese revolution, the first batch of famous historical and cultural cities named by the State Council, and the three major education bases of patriotism, revolutionary tradition, and Yan’an spirit. The development and utilization of such resources have great political, cultural, educational and economic values. This research is based on the development of red culture, and uses the distributed machine learning system to realize in the system architecture of parameter server. In the distributed system set in this study, node downtime and network interruption are random. When the parameter server system adopts static scheduling, it leads to poor scalability and robustness. The experimental results show that under the intelligent simulation of machine learning system, the development of red culture resources meets the expected assumptions, and the accuracy of the model is relatively high.