Positive Economic Growth Research Articles

The Link between Economic Growth and Sustainable Energy in G7-Countries and E7-Countries: Evidence from a Dynamic Panel Threshold Model

The available literature on sustainable energy use and economic growth nexus yields conflicting conclusions, as the effect can be positive, negative, or insignificant. This research explores the causal link between sustainable energy use and economic growth in G7-countries (Japan, Canada, Germany, Italy, France, United Kingdom, and United States) and E7-countries (Russia, Brazil, Indonesia, China, Mexico, India, and Turkey) countries from 1990 to 2019. We discover that sustainable energy use and economic growth are proportional. Our results show that sustainable energy use positively affects economic growth if E7-countries exceed a specific threshold. It is detrimental to economic growth for the E7 countries' sustainable energy use to fall below a certain threshold. The use of sustainable energy has no significant impact on economic growth, although it does have a positive and noticeable impact in the G7 countries. In order for the countries of the G7 to see positive economic growth as a result of their investment in renewable energy, it is necessary for those nations to surpass a certain threshold in terms of their use of sustainable energy.

Environmental quality and health expenditures efficiency in Türkiye: the role of natural resources.

The environmental pollution caused by climate change and global warming pose significant risks to health. This raises the question how environmental disturbances can affect health expenditures. Based on this, this study examines the asymmetric effect of environmental quality on health expenditures in Türkiye using the non-linear ARDL (NARDL) model for the 1975–2019 period. In addition to environmental quality, natural resources, economic growth, and trade openness variables are also included in the health expenditure model. The findings support the existence of an asymmetric cointegration relationship between the series. The findings also indicate that positive environmental pollution shocks affect health expenditures positively in the long run, while negative environmental pollution shocks do not have a statistically significant effect on health expenditures. Positive and negative natural resource shocks affect health expenditures negatively in the long run. Despite the effect of positive economic growth shocks on health expenditures is positive but statistically insignificant, the effect of negative economic growth shocks is positive and significant. Besides, positive trade openness shocks have a negative effect on health expenditures and negative trade openness shocks have a positive effect. The findings prove that the steps to be taken to protect the environment in the current period will increase the effectiveness of health expenditures in the future. This situation has a guiding feature for policy-makers in terms of policy decisions.

The Influence of Political and Economic Factors on Emigration From Russia to Europe

This research examines the influence and interaction of economic and political factors on the process of emigration from the Russian Federation to European countries (e.g., Finland, Switzerland, and Spain) from 1996 to 2019. According to the theoretical part, we determined that the scale of emigration decreases with an increase in GDP per capita. However, with a sharp increase in GDP at the turn of the 2000s, the emigration from Russia to the selected countries has only increased in what can be considered a phenomenon. Following the theoretical framework, we have determined that this process can be facilitated by some extra variable, which in our case is political freedom. To visualize the process, we observe the indicator of freedom of expression, which moderately declined from 1999 to 2016. As a result of the comparative analysis of migration, economic and political data from OECD, Eurostat, and V-Dem Institute, we determined that due to the deterioration of political freedoms within the country, negative political factors have shifted positive economic growth and affected the increase of emigration scale to the selected European countries.

Old age pensions and economic development Analyzing the economic return of Pension in Mauritius

This paper attempts to assess the impact of social protection, with particular emphasis on old age pension on the economic growth of the island of Mauritius. The study makes use of rigorous time series econometric analysis over the period 1987 to 2018 to gauge if and the extent to which social protection and pension have been productive in the case of Mauritius. Results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between pension and economic growth in Mauritius. The coefficient of 0.123 is a measure of the efficiency of performance of pension concerning GDP creation. It is a measure of output elasticity of pension. A 1% increase in pension is likely to increase economic growth by 0.12%. In the short run, it is observed that there is an insignificant, although positive link, between pension and economic growth. This may indicate that the effects of pensions are felt on economic growth rather in the long run. The negative lagged value of the Error correction term indicates the existence of a long-term relationship and an adjustment of the effect to its long-run estimate. As far as the other determinants of Mauritian economic growth, it is found that it takes time for them to impact economic growth and thus remain essential long-term influencers.

Evaluasi Kelayakan Finansial Pasar Bareng Kota Malang Hasil Revitalisasi Sebagai Pasar Multifungsi

In realizing the economic growth of a region, many aspects need to be considered. One of the two aspects in realizing positive economic growth of a region is infrastructure and trade. The development of an infrastructure or project needs to cost money, moreover the project is not a small project. Therefore, there needs to be an in-depth and structured study and research before the project is funded or has been funded so as to know the prospects of the project. The study and research used an analysis of the financial feasibility study for the development of Pasar Bareng in Malang City with the aim of seeing the financial feasibility of developing Pasar Bareng. A project feasibility study has the meaning of a study that can see if the project if it gets an investment can run well and provide financial benefits. This study uses the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) methods. The data that has been collected will be analyzed and get a project development perspective from a financial perspective. In this study there is a comparison of profit or loss obtained by looking at data from operational costs, income, and investment costs. The costs used come from maintenance and operational costs incurred during the operation of Pasar Bareng. The results of the feasibility analysis test using the Net Present Value method get a value of Rp. – 7,000,291,269,823. Then, the Benefit Cost Ratio method gets a value of Rp. 0,000,039,423,147. And the last method is the Internal Rate of Return method which gets a value of -1,373,149.77. From the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the development of Pasar Bareng Malang City is not feasible to do.
 Key words: Feasibility Study, Pasar Bareng, Malang City.

Evaluasi Kelayakan Finansial Pasar Bareng Kota Malang Hasil Revitalisasi Sebagai Pasar Multifungsi

In realizing the economic growth of a region, many aspects need to be considered. One of the two aspects in realizing positive economic growth of a region is infrastructure and trade. The development of an infrastructure or project needs to cost money, moreover the project is not a small project. Therefore, there needs to be an in-depth and structured study and research before the project is funded or has been funded so as to know the prospects of the project. The study and research used an analysis of the financial feasibility study for the development of Pasar Bareng in Malang City with the aim of seeing the financial feasibility of developing Pasar Bareng. A project feasibility study has the meaning of a study that can see if the project if it gets an investment can run well and provide financial benefits. This study uses the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) methods. The data that has been collected will be analyzed and get a project development perspective from a financial perspective. In this study there is a comparison of profit or loss obtained by looking at data from operational costs, income, and investment costs. The costs used come from maintenance and operational costs incurred during the operation of Pasar Bareng. The results of the feasibility analysis test using the Net Present Value method get a value of Rp. – 7,000,291,269,823. Then, the Benefit Cost Ratio method gets a value of Rp. 0,000,039,423,147. And the last method is the Internal Rate of Return method which gets a value of -1,373,149.77. From the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the development of Pasar Bareng Malang City is not feasible to do.
 Key words: Feasibility Study, Pasar Bareng, Malang City.

Pengaruh Motivasi, Kepribadian dan Lingkungan terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Masyarakat Gampong Sidodadi Kecamatan Langsa Lama

Positive economic growth and the welfare of the people in Indonesia cannot be separated from the efforts of the government and society. One of the efforts made by the community is entrepreneurship, in which the presence of entrepreneurship can help the family economy and participate in the regional economy. The more entrepreneurs, the better the economy. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the influence of motivation, personality and environment on the entrepreneurial interest of the community in Gampong Sidodadi, Langsa Lama District. This study uses primary data with a sample size of 87 respondents. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression equation, the coefficient of determination (R2) and hypothesis testing using the t test and F test. The results obtained Y = 0.548 + 0.237X1 + 0.234X2 + 0.265X2. These results indicate that interest in entrepreneurship is 0.548 before being influenced by motivation, personality and environment, while the regression coefficient of motivation, personality and environment has a positive and unidirectional influence on the interest in community entrepreneurship in Gampong Sidodadi. The result of the determination coefficient test is 54.2%, the variables of motivation, personality and environment can explain the variable interest in entrepreneurship. The results of the t test show that motivation is obtained by tcount> ttable (2.622> 1.988) and tsig value <α 5% (0.01 <0.05), personality is obtained by tcount> ttable (2.329> 1.988) and tsig value <α 5% (0.022> 0.05), the environment obtained tcount> ttable (3.690> 1.988) and the tsig value <α 5% (0.000> 0.05) can be stated that partially a significant effect on the interest in community entrepreneurship in Gampong Sidodadi, Langsa Lama District. Likewise the F test, the value of Fcount> Ftable (34.950> 2.71) and the Fsig value <α 5% (0.000 <0.05) it can be stated that motivation, personality and environment simultaneously have a significant effect on the interest in community entrepreneurship in Gampong Sidodadi, Langsa Lama District.

A comparative study of sectoral renewable energy consumption and GDP in the U.S.: Evidence from a threshold approach

The debate about the threshold effect of sectoral renewable energy consumption on economic growth has attracted extreme attention, but only limited evidence supports this issue. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to study the non-linear relationship between economic growth, capital, labor and sectoral renewable energy consumption for the case of the United States during the period 1981Q1 and 2021Q1. Using the threshold detection method proposed by Hansen (2002), the effect of sectoral renewable energy consumption on economic growth is positive and significant only if the electric power, industrial, residential, commercial, and transport sectors exceed a renewable energy consumption threshold lnREC >7.095; lnREC >6.138; lnREC >4.897; lnREC >3.212; and lnREC >2.849, respectively. Indeed, for the U.S. to achieve positive economic growth from its renewable energy investments, it must exceed a certain threshold of renewable energy consumption for each sector. However, if the United States use renewable energy below a certain threshold, the effect of sectoral renewable energy consumption on economic growth is negative. These results have important implications for both policymakers and investors.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIAN POWER SECTOR

As an emerging economy, Indonesia's economy has been growing fast in recent years. The positive economic growth drives electricity consumption growth. However, the increase of electricity consumption contributes to the increase of greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions. Energy sector is the second main contributors of the national GHG emission, hence, reducing GHG emission from power sector would contribute significantly to the national efforts of reducing GHG emission. This paper identifies opportunities for climate change mitigations in the Indonesia's power sector. The identification is based on literature review on power sector and climate change in Indonesia. It is observed that available renewable energy resources, government policies, climate finance, and low carbon technologies create opportunities for climate change mitigations in the Indonesia's power sector.

Does energy diversification cause an economic slowdown? Evidence from a newly constructed energy diversification index

This study introduces a new measure of energy diversification. We explore it's impact on economic development across the panels of low-income, high-income, European Union (EU), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and G20 countries. The study uses data from 1995 to 2018 and utilizes Nonlinear Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NPARDL) method. Our findings show that the major economies (including G20) realize positive economic growth with increasing long-run energy diversification. However, some countries (e.g., OECD and G20) experience negative economic growth due to energy diversification in the short term. The results also disclose that energy diversification does not favor economic growth in low-income economies, both short and long terms. Therefore, more precautionary measures should be taken while diversifying energy sources.

Reduction of CO2 emissions: The role of renewable energy, technological innovation and export quality

In the 22 well-developed countries of the world, the level of CO2 emissions has been reducing over the years despite positive economic growth. This study therefore attempts to explore the role of contributory factors for CO2 emissions reduction in these countries. Selecting the data period of 1990–2018, our chosen independent variables are gross domestic product (GDP), square of the gross domestic product (GDP2), renewable energy, technological innovation and export quality. Adopting a panel non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach, a pooled mean group (PMG) estimation technique is used to explore the asymmetric linkages between CO2 emissions and these independent variables. The panel heterogeneous causality test is used to examine the direction of causality. The estimated results have confirmed the existence of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis; and renewable energy and export quality are found as contributory factors for the reduction of CO2 emissions. Positive stimuli of technological innovation measured by research and development expenditure and export quality index reduce, whereas the negative shocks or counter incentives of these variables increase CO2 emissions. In regards to causal relationship, bidirectional causality is found between renewable energy and CO2 emissions, technological innovation and CO2 emissions, GDP and renewable energy, and renewable energy and technological innovation. In addition, a unidirectional causality is also revealed from GDP to CO2 emissions, export quality and technological innovation, and from technological innovation to export quality. Policy recommendations are made following the findings.

Role of debt in emerging economies: a re-examination of the debt-growth nexus

ABSTRACT Traditionally, a higher debt burden is expected to negatively affect the economic growth, although the empirical evidence is inconclusive. In this paper we have re-examined the debt-growth relationship for 32 emerging economies while considering possible nonlinear impact of debt on economic growth using a dynamic panel. Our results suggest that for emerging economics, a large debt if used efficiently, can lead to significant positive economic growth. This relationship remains unchanged even when we control for other macroeconomic variables. We have also identified three different threshold debt-GDP ratios for the one, two and three period lags of debt and found an asymmetric impact of debt between above-threshold and below-threshold countries.

Economic Growth and Its Pro-Poorness in Zambia 2006-2015: To What Extent?

Economic growth and its impact on economies and citizens has been widely debated by economists for some time with its key attributes including the fact that the benefits of such growth trickle down to all sections of society, especially the poor. This trickle-down hypothesis has come into question in recent times with prominent authors proposing a pro-poor measure of economic growth. Using the methodology developed by Kakwani et al. (2004) applied to the Zambia Living Conditions. Monitoring Surveys of 2006, 2010 and 2015, this paper empirically executes the measurement of the pro-poorness of economic growth in Zambia in the period 2006-2015. We find that economic growth in Zambia has not been pro-poor based on the poverty equivalent growth rate criteria. Despite positive economic growth being recorded over this period and the poverty rates declining slowly, the poor in Zambia derived pro-portionally less benefits from such growth than the non-poor. Growth has not impacted the poor in a significant way, a situation which calls for a robust assessment of the composition of the poor and their potential roles in the economic growth process to appropriately design interventions which yield dividends for this group of people in as far as poverty reduction is concerned.

Experiences of female academics in Australia during COVID-19: Opportunities and challenges

An online survey collected data on a range of female academic experiences globally gaining 260 responses with 144 Australian specific academics’ responses (55% of total responses). The pandemic has highlighted positive opportunities such as online teaching and skill development, flexibility, time efficiency, increased collaboration, and time for research. In terms of challenges identified responses indicate an increased workload, less motivation for career progression, and perceptions of greater and obvious gender disparity and bias against female academics. Australia is often referred to as a ‘lucky country’ which can further be enriched though fostering its rich and diverse female academic community into the future. Rapid measures to support women immediately and with longer-term solutions that address gender equity is critical for female academics to ensure future engagement of female academics for positive economic and social growth as a nation.

ИНКЛЮЗИВНЫЙ РОСТ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ ЗАМКНУТОГО ЦИКЛА

Russia’s economic relations with the outside world have undergone significant changes in recent years. The expansion of the scope of sanctions against Russia by many countries - traditional economic partners leads to the need to organize the functioning of the domestic economy in the “circular economy” mode. In this regard, the task of adapting economic theory, socio-economic policy, and economic practice to the new conditions of development arises. This article analyzes the possibilities and prerequisites for maintaining positive economic growth rates and improving its quality due to the inclusive nature of growth. Such development, to one degree or another, should cover all regions, industries, and national economic complexes. The problems of import substitution are considered in the article as part of the general problem of resource substitution and resource replenishment. The need to develop a resource balance at all economic levels is emphasized in connection with these problems. In the conditions of a closed cycle, special attention should be paid to the potential for replacing physical capital with human capital, which requires a significant revision of the subject and goals of social policy, including the goals and tools of personnel management at enterprises. The role of top-level specialists (“craftsmen”), who can solve production problems in a sharp reduction in the import of facilities, supplies, and critical technologies, is noted. The transition to a circular economy as one of the short-term phases of economic functioning carried out in compliance with the developed in the article recommendations can weaken the negative impact of the socio-economic disparities and contribute to inclusive (nonfocal) economic growth. This phase can, under certain conditions, become a period of consolidation of the domestic economy and society.

RESEARCH ON IMPROVING THE RESILIENCE OF CHINA'S TOURISM SUPPLY CHAIN UNDER THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL EPIDEMICS

The COVID-19 has caused a systematic negative impact on China's national economy and social development, and has brought huge impact on the tourism industry. Up to now, the epidemic has been basically controlled under the strong leadership of the central government. Although China has taken the lead in achieving positive economic growth in the world, the impact of the epidemic on the tourism economy cannot be ignored. From the perspective of tourism service supply chain, this paper analyzes the impact of the new epidemic on China's tourism, and on this basis, puts forward suggestions to improve the stability and resilience of China's tourism supply chain, with a view to promoting the smooth recovery of the tourism economy in the post epidemic era.

Theoretical analysis and relationship of government and private investment on economic growth and employment absorption

One of the goals to be achieved in developing public and private investment is to encourage economic growth and employment. Positive economic growth is needed because it means that it has driven faster economic growth and increased the absorption of Employment. This study aims to obtain an analysis of the theoretical relationship between government investment and private investment on economic growth and employment, especially in South Kalimantan Province as the object of research. South Kalimantan Province is one of the regions in Indonesia which has a large potential for natural resources. The method used in this research is to use Path Analysis and analysis of theoretical findings based on in-depth analysis of various literature studies and observations which are expected to prove that government investment and private investment affect employment and economic growth which in turn can affect poverty levels. . The results of the study are expected to obtain important theoretical findings that can contribute to the formulation of government policies.

Wealthy, healthy and green: Are we there yet?

• Applied cub-convergence test and panel data analysis on OECD data in 1990–2015 period. • There was no significant evidence of overall convergence except for Carbon monoxide and Nitrogen oxides. • Convergence occurred among groups of countries in all three aspects. • Human capital is crucial to achieving the balance between healthy, wealthy and green. The history of humankind witnessed a continual improvement of living standards. The introduction of agriculture stabled our food supplies. The industrial revolution eradicated hunger and reduced poverty across the globe. During the development process, human also reached the capacity to create substantial impacts on the environment, which has created adverse effects on our health. We believe that technological progress will enable us to achieve a balance between health, income and the environment. In this study, we test the club convergence hypothesis using data on economic development, health and environment of 36 OECD countries during the 1990–2015 period. Using the club convergence test, we found significant evidence of overall convergence only in the emission of two air pollutants: Carbon monoxide and Nitrogen oxides. However, groups of countries have converged in all three aspects. Also, our panel data analysis showed that improving human capital is crucial for the synergy between good health, clean environment and positive economic growth.

A techno-economic analysis of biochar production and the bioeconomy for orchard biomass.

It is well established that the global practice of burning crop residues, such as orchard biomass, harms human health and the environment. A bioeconomy for orchard biomass may reduce open burning, facilitate the recovery of nutrients that improve soil health, and boost economic growth. We present a techno-economic analysis for converting orchard waste into biochar, a charcoal-like substance that shows promise for improving soil health, but that is considered an experimental product with emerging efficacy and limited market demand. We impute values derived from a cost analysis of biochar production in California's Central Valley into a regional economic input-output model to demonstrate economic growth and a bioeconomy for biochar made with orchard waste. Results from a stochastic Monte Carlo simulation show a probable range of biochar production costs between $448.78 and $1,846.96 (USD) Mg-1, with 90% probability that costs will range between $571 and $1,455Mg-1. A sensitivity analysis shows that production costs are most responsive to biochar production rates. A modifiable Excel-based biochar enterprise budget that includes fixed and variable biochar production costs is provided as Supplementary Material. The regional economic analysis demonstrates positive economic growth as defined by job creation, labor compensation, value-added product, and gross output. Stochastic cost estimates and net positive regional economic impacts support economic feasibility of a circular bioeconomy for waste orchard biomass when coupled with governmental policy initiatives. Results may contribute to developing a circular bioeconomy for biochar and orchard biomass in the study region and elsewhere in the world.

Long-term energy demand in Malaysia as a function of energy supply: A comparative analysis of Non-Linear Autoregressive Exogenous Neural Networks and Multiple Non-Linear Regression Models

Energy modeling and forecasting are key to providing insightful energy-related policy decisions that could propel positive economic growth and sustainable development. In this study, the Non-Linear Autoregressive Exogenous Neural Networks (NARX) and Multiple Non-Linear Regression (MNLR) models were employed for modeling the final energy demand per capita in Malaysia. The non-linear relationship between the time-series data such as GDP per capita, population, crude oil supply, natural gas supply, coal and coke supply, hydropower, electricity demand per capita, and the final energy demand per capita were modeled using five NARX and MNLR models refer to as NARX-1, NARX-3, NARX-5, MNLR-1, and MNLR-2. The effect of varying the network time delay and the hidden neurons on the NARX model performance were investigated. The best model configuration was obtained using 1 network delay and 17 hidden neurons. Both the NARX-1 and MNLR-1 models accurately learn the time series data for the prediction of the final energy consumption per capita. With R2 of 0.999 and 0.996 obtained for the NARX-1 and MLNR-1, respectively, the predicted final energy demand per capita was in close agreement with the actual values. Using the NARX-1 and MNLR-1 models, the final energy demand per capita was projected to be 2.3 toe/person and 2.1toe/person, respectively by 2050. The level of importance analysis of the NARX-1 models and the parameter estimates of the MNLR-1 model revealed that an increase in population and natural gas supply had a significant influence on the predicted final energy demand per capita.