Positive Consequences Research Articles

Social Determinants of Health and Well-being: An Analysis of the Northeast Migrant Workers Living in Delhi

This research article aims to analyze migrants’ health and well-being in the context of Northeast Migrant Workers Living in Delhi. The World Health Organization (WHO) has considered the health of migrants as an important area of inquiry for policy making and the paper is post-migration lived experiences of the workers, which is related to the policy making agenda. An Existing conceptual framework of the social determinants of health and well-being are corroborated. The research design is an empirical work based on the selection of seven urban villages and five residential localities in Delhi. The study population is the Northeast migrant workers working in six occupational groups in the last 1-10 years in the age group 18-44 years with a sample of 120 respondents of both genders male and female including transgender persons. The data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire followed by in-depth interviews from January 2017 to February 2018 and used qualitative and quantitative data analysis in my research. Among 120 migrant workers, 77.5% reported anxiety, 75.83% life insecurity, 70.83% alienation, 53.33% developed anger, 47.5% vulnerability, 43.33% lack of motivation, 42.5% loneliness, 41.66% feeling of resentment, 40.83% back and joint pains, 39.16% emotional crisis, 38.33% low self-esteem, 35.83% poor concentration, 33.33% self-depreciation, 25.83% poor vision, 2.5% miscarriage. The study shows that the distributions of self-reported health and well-being consequences are unevenly distributed and anxiety is to be found more reported among the migrant workers. The result was cross-checked among the Northeast migrant workers and it was found out that the social determinants such as socio-cultural differences, social discrimination, prejudice, and stereotypes against the migrants play important determinants influencing the health and wellbeing of the migrants at the place of destination. Post-migration experience has both positive and negative consequences of health and well-being. The more social networks there are, the better is resilience to adapt to the new environment for better health and well-being and its coping mechanism.

The relationship of problematic Facebook use and Facebook context on empathy for pain processing: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Positive and negative consequences of using social media (SM) have been observed. Excessive use of SM, such as Facebook, can lead to problematic behaviours, resulting in emotional and social functioning changes. Moreover, the problematic use of SM is negatively associated with empathy's affective and cognitive components. The present study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to test empathy differences between problematic and non-problematic Facebook users. In addition, the Facebook-related context that may modulate empathic response was investigated. Fifty-two participants (25 females; Mage = 24.6 years [SD ± 2.9]) took part in the study and were classified into two groups: non-problematic and problematic Facebook users. The study was conducted using the empathy for pain paradigm with three media-related contextual conditions: newspaper, Facebook-related, and neutral. The results indicated there was a statistically significant difference between the left and right side of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) among nonproblematic Facebook users when observing pain stimuli in the context of Facebook. For problematic Facebook users, there was significantly more activity on the left side of the PFC (compared to the right side) when observing painful stimuli in the newspaper context and non-painful stimuli in a neutral context. The differences in haemodynamic activity registered by fNIRS between the left and right PFCs were observed in both groups and may have resulted from difficulties in regulating emotional response and attention, particularly among the problematic Facebook user group.

Negative interest rate policy and banks' earnings management

Using bank-level data from 35 OECD countries over the period 2011–2018, we examine the impact of the introduction of negative interest rate policy on banks' earnings management. Overall, our findings underscore the unintended positive consequence of unconventional economic policy and austerity measures aimed at stimulating the economy on the earnings quality of banks.

Encounters with public and professional understandings of Down syndrome: A qualitative study of parents' experiences.

The meanings of neurodevelopmental conditions are socially and culturally defined. We explored how parents of a child with Down syndrome experienced public and professional understandings of Down syndrome. Qualitative interviews with 25 parents of a child with Down syndrome living in Denmark. From a reflexive thematic analysis, we developed themes describing understandings (i.e., attitudes or perceptions) of Down syndrome. The parents experienced that the Down syndrome diagnosis acted as a 'label'; this had perceived positive and negative consequences for the child. The parents felt others understood Down syndrome as severe and undesirable. This attitude was tied to the existence of prenatal screening. Finally, to the parents, professional support for their child expressed an understanding of children with Down syndrome as valued individuals. Parents encountered ambiguous understandings of Down syndrome. This should be recognised by professionals who may shape such understandings.

Anxiety Sensitivity and Distress Tolerance in Relation to Smoking Abstinence Expectancies Among Black Individuals Who Smoke.

Black individuals who smoke in the United States experience significant tobacco-related disparities. Although prior work has established that smoking abstinence expectancies play an important role in smoking-related outcomes, few studies have examined potential individual difference factors that may be relevant to smoking abstinence expectancies among Black individuals who smoke. The present study investigated anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance in relation to smoking abstinence expectancies among a sample of Black individuals who smoke. Participants were 86 Black adults who smoke cigarettes daily (M age = 46.07 years, SD = 10.37; 26.7% female). Four separate linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relation between anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and their interaction with each of the four smoking abstinence expectancies (i.e., somatic symptoms, positive consequences, harmful consequences, and negative mood). Results indicated that higher anxiety sensitivity was related to higher somatic symptoms, harmful consequences, and negative mood abstinence expectancies, whereas distress tolerance was related to higher positive consequences. Further, anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance interacted to confer greater expectancies for the positive consequences of quitting. The current findings are among the first to document that anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance are clinically relevant factors to consider when tailoring smoking cessation treatments for Black individuals who smoke. Future research is needed to examine distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity as longitudinal predictors of smoking abstinence expectancies among Black individuals who smoke.

Analysis of forms and types of digital technologies and their impact on modern society in a dynamic market environment

Methods. In the course of the analysis of forms and types of digital technologies and determination of their impact on modern society, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: analysis and synthesis made it possible to determine the types of digital services and to single out the main forms of digital technologies. With to the application of the general and special method, specific differences of various forms and types of digital technologies were determined. The methods of induction and deduction made it possible to determine the advantages and disadvantages of digital technologies. Results. The article examines modern digital technologies that are rapidly developing and changing the way people interact and the forms of doing business. They open up new opportunities for innovation and economic growth, and at the same time create adaptation challenges and potential risks. The results of the study demonstrate the consequences of digitalization, namely: changes in the structure of the economy as a result of which, on the one hand, new business models are formed and jobs are created, and on the other hand, unemployment increases due to automation and replacement of human labor by artificial intelligence. It has been proven that businesses can use digital technologies to improve production and supply processes, reduce costs and increase productivity. Automation, the Internet of Things and data analysis contribute to effective management. At the same time, the increase in data and digital systems raises concerns about cyber-attacks, data leaks and misuse of information, which require stronger security and protection measures. Novelty. It has been established that digital technologies affect the way people communicate, which has both positive and negative consequences. They facilitate access to information and facilitate globalization, however can lead to privacy issues and the disruption of social bonds. Despite the risks, digital technologies open up a wide range of opportunities for innovation in various sectors of the economy, contributing to economic growth and social progress. Practical value. The study emphasizes the importance of adapting enterprises to new conditions and the responsible use of digital technologies to ensure the successful development of business and society as a whole. The modern market environment promotes the development of entrepreneurial activity and new business ideas. Businesses that effectively use digital technologies can gain a competitive advantage, attract more customers and ensure a stable rate of economic growth.

Social Assessment of the Effect of Construction of the Southern Warsaw Ring Road on the Quality of Life and Residential Real Estate Market in the Wilanów District

Abstract Every road investment has both positive and negative consequences in spatial, economic, environmental, and social terms. The objective of the article is the social assessment of the effect of construction of the Southern Warsaw Ring Road (WRR) on: (i) the quality of life of the local community, and (ii) the residential real estate market. The analyses employed the method of quantitative analysis with the application of the survey technique. The questionnaire was made publicly available to residents of the Wilanów district in Warsaw. Results obtained in the scope of the study render decision making models of respondents depending on the distance of the place of residence from the WRR. The results reveal that responses given by the group of respondents living nearer the ring road are the most variable, particularly in the context of assessing the effect of the investment on the quality of life, including nuisance related to the express road and plans to change the place of residence. The same group of respondents provided the highest share of responses supporting the claim that housing prices increased due to the construction of the ring road.

An Expanded Daily Alcohol Expectancies Measure: Results on the Multilevel Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties.

Alcohol expectancies are beliefs people have about the likelihood of experiencing various positive or negative consequences related to alcohol use. Expectancies have most commonly been treated as traitlike characteristics of individuals, but some researchers have assessed expectancies as state-level characteristics that vary within persons across days. Previous work developed a 13-item daily alcohol expectancies measure. This study evaluated an expanded version of that measure that includes 10 additional expectancy items. Participants were 2- and 4-year college students (N = 201; 63.7% female; 55.2% White non-Hispanic; 75.1% 4-year students) randomized to the control group of a longitudinal study designed to test the efficacy of a just-in-time adaptive intervention delivered via mobile app to reduce high-risk alcohol use. Multilevel exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure at the daily and person levels. Multilevel models were used to evaluate the convergent validity of the resulting subscales. Two factors, broadly representing positive and negative alcohol expectancies, were retained at the daily and person levels. Composite reliability (omega) estimates ranged from .85 to .96 and suggested that the reliability of the resulting subscales was good to strong. Associations between the daily expectancy subscales and baseline scores on an established expectancies measure provided preliminary evidence of convergent validity. Findings indicate that this expanded 23-item daily alcohol expectancies measure is psychometrically sound. This measure is appropriate for use in daily or just-in-time expectancy challenge interventions. It is suitable for use among 2- and 4-year college students who drink alcohol regularly and occasionally in heavy quantities and who experience alcohol-related negative consequences.

Narrating Fabrics: Nostalgia in Animated Puppets’ Skin

In recent years, many studies in the field of animation aesthetics have recognized that puppets’ materiality in stop-motion animation films is a powerful narrative tool. Starting from these premises, this article explores stop-motion films performed by fabric-skinned puppets and suggests that textile materials convey meta-narratives about loss and nostalgia. The analyses of the anthropological and expressive–sensorial dimensions of fabric indeed allow us to investigate the concepts of melancholy and nostalgia as intellectual and emotional experiences made possible thanks to the material characteristics of an artifact. To validate this hypothesis, three stop-motion short films are considered: the Japanese film Komaneko’s Christmas: The Lost Present (2009) by Tsuneo Goda and produced by the Dwarf studio; Christopher Kezelos’ film The Maker (2011); and Marionette (2012) by Thomas Tanner and Frayah Humphries. In these films, puppets’ materiality enhances either the melancholy aspects or the positive consequences of nostalgia and this interpretation can be formulated by looking at the ‘stories’ narrated by puppets’ fragile fabric skin as a manifestation of wistfulness. After providing an interdisciplinary overview of the main theoretical studies that explore concepts such as craftsmanship, puppets’ materiality and nostalgia from either animation, design or psychanalytical perspectives, the article defines three phenomenological dimensions of nostalgia suggested by fabric-skinned puppets’ material surface. Nostalgia is analysed as an emotion that proactively allows us to face the present by remembering the past, as an unconscious relational feeling that manifests human beings’ need to connect and as a pessimistic reaction to an inconsolable and irretrievable loss.

Encouraging honesty: Developmental differences in the influence of honesty promotion techniques.

Given the value placed on honesty and the negative consequences of lying, encouraging children's truth-telling is important. The present investigation assessed honesty promotion techniques for encouraging 3-8-year-old Canadian children's (Study 1: n = 301, 54% female; Study 2: n = 229, 50% female from predominantly White middle-class samples) disclosure of a transgression and whether they varied by age. Study 1 examined promising to tell the truth, inducing self-awareness, and the combination of both promising and self-awareness. Study 2 assessed modeling honesty, positive consequences of honesty, and the combination of modeling and consequences. Some individual techniques worked for specific age groups: Self-awareness only increased 3-4-year-olds' and promising only increased 7-8-year-olds' honesty. However, the combination of modeling and consequences increased honesty for all age groups. Findings suggest that different motivational factors may encourage children's honesty across childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Family engagement in the care of infectious patients in intensive care units: A hybrid concept analysis.

This study aims to define and investigate characteristics, antecedents, and consequences of the concept of family engagement in caring for patients with infectious diseases hospitalised in intensive care units. This is a three-phase hybrid model study (theoretical, fieldwork, and analytical phase). The York University Guidelines were used in the theoretical phase, and ultimately, 16 pieces of literature related to the subject under study from 2011 to 2021 were reviewed. The content analysis was used for fieldwork phases; eight participants were interviewed. Then, the theoretical and fieldwork findings were compared, integrated, and analysed. This concept has characteristics such as; awareness, belief, perception, and willingness of the nurse to engage the family; a sense of responsibility, willingness, and sacrifice of the family; the physical or virtual presence of the family; triangular interaction between the nurse, patient, and family; perception and identifying the goals; education and information transfer; team collaboration; delegation of responsibility to the family; decision making; and protection of the family. Antecedents include the availability of infrastructure; patient, family, and nurse conditions; and the quality implementation of engagement. The consequences include positive consequences related to the patient, family, nursing, and society, as well as some negative consequences. This study provided a comprehensive perception of family engagement in the care of patients with infectious diseases in intensive care units and defined it more clearly, showing its characteristics, antecedents, and consequences. Eight participants were interviewed, including five nurses, two family caregivers, and one patient.

EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY BASED ON TRI HITA KARANA IN THE PURA AGUNG JAGATNATHA IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

Implementing occupational health and environmental safety aspects is very important in project implementation. In addition to accelerating work, safety for workers is essential and must be considered. In the implementation of the project in Bali, Tri Hita Karana was carried out to maintain the stability and smoothness of the project. However, limited literature still reveals the relationship between these aspects. This study aims to evaluate and analyze the application model of occupational health and environmental safety based on Tri Hita Karana in the Pura Agung Jagatnatha Improvement Project in Denpasar City. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was used to evaluate each variable in the Tri Hita Karana component, including Parahyangan (X1), Pawongan (X2), and Palemahan (X3), on occupational health and environmental safety (Y). Two hundred selected respondents were given questionnaires to evaluate each hypothesis. The sampling technique uses total sampling with a research time of 6 months, and the model is analyzed using SEM–AMOS. The results show that the application of the Tri Hita Karana to occupational health and environmental safety has positive and significant consequences (p < 0.05) in the aspects of Parahyangan, Pawongan, and Palemahan. The mathematical model built is Y = 0.548X1 + 0.423X2 + 0.211X3, which means that a change in the Parahyangan value has a direct effect on the application of OHSE by 0.548 times, a change in the value of Pawongan has a direct effect on the application of OHSE by 0.423 times and a change in the value of Palemahan will directly affect the application of OHSE by 0.211 times. Hence, it is hoped that project implementers in Bali will be guided by implementing occupational health and environmental safety based on Tri Hita Karana.

The Role of Ecopreneurship in Bali’s Sustainable Tourism Development: Insights into Government Policy, Tourist Awareness and Preferences

There are numerous environmental issues in Bali, a popular tourist destination in Indonesia, including the problems of waste, critical land, beach abrasion, coral reef destruction and water contamination, all attributed to the rapid expansion of the tourism industry. Ecotourism is one of the solutions to address these concerns, and the initiatives taken involve ecopreneurship, the process of starting and running green firms that support sustainable tourism growth in Bali. The goal of ecopreneurship in the tourism industry is to create and run enterprises that have as minimum negative environmental impacts as possible, while maximising positive social and economic consequences. This is done through improvements on both public policies and tourist preferences, to promote a sustainable tourism development. A mixed method was used, combining SEM PLS, Path Methods, and qualitative research, with comprehensive interviews conducted among ecopreneurs, government agencies, tourists, and academics in Bali. Ecopreneurship variables, comprising environmentally friendly products and services, green technology innovation, environmental and natural resource management, local community involvement, environmental education and awareness, waste and emission management, collaboration and partnerships, measurement of environmental performance and sustainability, moderated by the government policy and tourist awareness and preference, were found to have a significant influence on sustainable tourism variables, namely, natural environment preservation, social welfare and culture, local economic empowerment, resource management and environmental impact reduction, local community participation and public consultation.

Distillation of essential oils: An innovative technological approach focused on productivity, quality and sustainability.

Essential oil (EO) distillation units, which are commonly installed on farms, have difficultly accessing knowledge centers. The apparent simplicity of the process hides unwanted losses and deviations that go undetected and, therefore, not corrected. This article proposes improvements to the process that are based on "4.0" technologies in order to detect and correct two important deficiencies, with an impact on the yield, quality and environmental performance. The first deficiency comprises the steam channels that are formed through green mass (channeling), are well known and are considered normal by EO producers. Without detection and correction, this negatively affects the extraction results. The second is the lack of technology that is able to automatically determine the extraction endpoint. Smart sensing, control, self-configuration and the dynamic determination of improved process parameters make up a set of actions undertaken by a smart extraction plant (50-liter capacity). Nineteen experiments using lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) exhibited remarkable 24% and 10% improvements in the yield and quality, respectively. Energy consumption and a more than 50% reduction in the processing complete the set of results achieved. In addition to manufacturing costs and the utilization of capacity, better sustainability indicators are positive consequences of this technological updating.

Mapping bystander intervention to workplace inclusion: A scoping review

Bystander intervention has attracted recent attention as a promising avenue to improve workplace inclusion. However, despite substantial human resource management investment and increasing research interest in workplace bystander intervention, there has been no evidence synthesising the link between bystander action and consequences for the parties involved. This interdisciplinary scoping review (85 articles) addresses this gap by reviewing and categorising types of bystander actions in the workplace in response to different problematic incidents, highlighting the consequences of those actions for targets, perpetrators and bystanders, and illustrating the theoretical underpinning of extant literature. The findings indicate that consequences of bystander actions, particularly those related to inclusion, are not widely measured or understood. Positive consequences for targets are evident, however few positive consequences are described for bystanders and outcomes for perpetrators remain unknown. We offer suggestions for future research to advance understanding of the relationship between bystander intervention and workplace inclusion.

Developing Islamic Character Values Through Student Habituation

This article describes and analyses the internalization and implications of Islamic character values based on student habituation at the State Senior High School. This article used qualitative research with a case study approach. The data collection techniques are participant observation, in-depth interviews with participants, and documentation of religious value planting activities. The data analysis technique follows the Huberman model by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. From the research, data can be found that the internalization of Islamic character values based on habituation is carried out through several stages, namely moral knowing, feeling, and moral action. Meanwhile, Islamic character values include aqedah values, sharia values, and moral values which are then internalized in students' daily habits to have positive implications for students. This research can have positive consequences for students' moral and ethical development. Internalizing Islamic character values based on habituation can help students become better and more responsible individuals following Islamic values. It is essential to internalize Islamic character values in the habituation of students to create the nation's next generation who are superior and have good morals and ethics in everyday life. Exceptional nations have good morals and ethics in natural life every day. The limitations of this study are that it is only two months long and that the research site is in one of the schools only. Habituation is the benchmark for improving student character. The school carries out strengthening strategies ranging from school culture to learning and integration with parents.

Plastic Paradox in Blue Carbon Ecosystems.

Plastics are rapidly accumulating in blue carbon ecosystems, i.e., mangrove forests, tidal marshes, and seagrass meadows. Accumulated plastic is diverted from the ocean, but the extent and nature of impacts on blue carbon ecosystem processes, including carbon sequestration, are poorly known. Here, we explore the potential positive and negative consequences of plastic accumulation in blue carbon ecosystems. We highlight the effects of plastic accumulation on organic carbon stocks and sediment biogeochemistry through microbial metabolism. The notion of beneficial plastic accumulation in blue carbon ecosystems is controversial, yet considering the alternative impacts of plastics on oceanic and aboveground environments, this may be the "lesser of evils". Using environmental life cycle impact assessment, we propose a research framework to address the potential positive and negative impacts of plastic accumulation in blue carbon ecosystems. Considering the multifaceted benefits, we prioritize expanding and managing blue carbon ecosystems, which may help with ecosystem conservation, as well as mitigating the negative effects of plastic.

THREAT TO PERSONAL SECURITY – CONSEQUENCES OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS AMONG POLISH SOLDIERS PARTICIPATING IN MISSIONS ABROAD

Soldiers participating in various types of missions abroad experience stress almost every day.This indispensable element of military service is caused primarily by numerous military threats.Functioning under chronic stress for a long period of time leads to consequences on many levels.Most scientists dealing with this topic unanimously emphasize that living under chronic stresscauses the body to react both mentally and physically. Moreover, the paper covers the emotional,cognitive, biological and behavioural spheres. The purpose of the research was to determine theextent to which soldiers deployed on missions experience negative and positive consequences oftraumatic experiences, what relationships exist between negative and positive consequences oftraumatic experience, and whether they are related to demographic variables.Results. The results of the authors’ research indicated that the surveyed soldiers deployed onoverseas missions, exposed to a traumatic event connected with the performance of their serviceduties, are affected by both negative and positive consequences of the events experienced.Conclusions. Therefore, the results obtained confirmed the possibility of the co-occurrence ofnegative and positive effects of the experienced trauma.

Influence of personal mobility devices on environmental amenities

Electric scooters are rapidly involved in our life, and every year their lease increases and spreads to more cities. Urban infrastructure never keeps up with progress and cannot provide these vehicles with the appropriate infrastructure. In this regard, it is important to solve problems of adapting modern means of transportation with respect to comfortable and safe traffic.Purpose: The analysis of the current situation with personal mobility devices and their impact on the urban environment.Methodology/approach: Sociological survey and analysis of improving amenities environment to ensure the operation of personal mobility devices.Research findings: The analysis of introduced traffic rules for personal mobility devices in 2023, where the status of transport is officially assigned to electric scooters. there is a need to separate roads and create the bicycle path infrastructure to minimize accidents. Results show positive and negative consequences of using electric scooters in cities. It is shown that the urban environment quality index in different cities is determined by the distance of bicycle paths in cities.

Participant‐driven salient beliefs regarding abortion: Implications for abortion attitude measurement

AbstractObjectiveGuided by the Reasoned Action Approach, we used a salient belief elicitation (SBE) to elicit participant‐generated beliefs regarding abortion. SBE is a formative research technique used to elicit people's control (i.e., perceived facilitators and barriers associated with a behavior), behavioral (i.e., perceived positive and negative consequences of doing a behavior), and normative (i.e., influence of important people/peers regarding a behavior) beliefs regarding a particular behavior (i.e., abortion).MethodsWe administered our SBE to English‐ and Spanish‐speaking U.S. adults (N = 608) from NORC's AmeriSpeak® panel. We used inductive content and thematic analyses to assess open‐ended questions.ResultsWe found that participants’ control and behavioral beliefs referenced circumstances used to assess abortion attitudes in polling item (e.g., rape) and reasons people seek abortion (e.g., financial reasons) as well as potential negative emotions (e.g., shame) and positive consequences (e.g., autonomy) associated with abortion. Participants indicated pregnant people's partners and people seeking abortion as salient referents.ConclusionParticipants mentioned several contexts reflected in common measures used to assess abortion attitudes by national polls and surveys. However, we also found other relevant circumstances not reflected in common measures and a range of salient referents. We recommend abortion attitudes measures account for these participant‐driven salient beliefs.