Positioning Strategies Research Articles

Research on Innovative Apple Grading Technology Driven by Intelligent Vision and Machine Learning

In the domain of food science, apple grading holds significant research value and application potential. Currently, apple grading predominantly relies on manual methods, which present challenges such as low production efficiency and high subjectivity. This study marks the first integration of advanced computer vision, image processing, and machine learning technologies to design an innovative automated apple grading system. The system aims to reduce human interference and enhance grading efficiency and accuracy. A lightweight detection algorithm, FDNet-p, was developed to capture stem features, and a strategy for auxiliary positioning was designed for image acquisition. An improved DPC-AWKNN segmentation algorithm is proposed for segmenting the apple body. Image processing techniques are employed to extract apple features, such as color, shape, and diameter, culminating in the development of an intelligent apple grading model using the GBDT algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that, in stem detection tasks, the lightweight FDNet-p model exhibits superior performance compared to various detection models, achieving an mAP@0.5 of 96.6%, with a GFLOPs of 3.4 and a model size of just 2.5 MB. In apple grading experiments, the GBDT grading model achieved the best comprehensive performance among classification models, with weighted Jacard Score, Precision, Recall, and F1 Score values of 0.9506, 0.9196, 0.9683, and 0.9513, respectively. The proposed stem detection and apple body classification models provide innovative solutions for detection and classification tasks in automated fruit grading, offering a comprehensive and replicable research framework for standardizing image processing and feature extraction for apples and similar spherical fruit bodies.

Analisis Penerapan Strategi Segmenting, Targeting, dan Positioning dalam Memasarkan Kredit Pemilikan Rumah

Based on the results of observations, the background to this research is the fluctuation in the number of KPR credit customers caused by strategic planning and strategy implementation carried out by Bank BJB Jatinangor Branch Office. This research aims to find out how to implement the Segmenting strategy, Targeting and Positioning in marketing home ownership loans at Bank BJB Jatinangor Branch Office. The object of this research is the marketing strategy in marketing home ownership loans at Bank BJB Jatinangor Branch Office. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The type of data is primary data with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, literature study and documentation. The research results show that (1) there are four indicators that constitute a segmenting strategy, namely demographics, behavior, psychographics and geography. (2) there are two indicators that become targeting strategies, namely selective specialization and product specialization strategies. (3) there are four indicators that become a positioning strategy, namely attributes, price, product users, and benefits. The data analysis technique used in this research is the interaction analysis technique model, namely a process carried out through four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The object of this research is an analysis of the application of segmenting targeting and positioning strategies in marketing home ownership credit (KPR) at Bank BJB Jatinangor branch office.

Self-Sustained Biophotocatalytic Nano-Organelle Reactors with Programmable DNA Switches for Combating Tumor Metastasis.

Metastasis, the leading cause of mortality in cancer patients, presents challenges for conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to its reliance on localized light and oxygen application to tumors. To overcome these limitations, a self-sustained organelle-mimicking nanoreactor is developed here with programmable DNA switches that enables bio-chem-photocatalytic cascade-driven starvation-photodynamic synergistic therapy against tumor metastasis. Emulating the compartmentalization and positional assembly strategies found in living cells, this nano-organelle reactor allows quantitative co-compartmentalization of multiple functional modules for the designed self-illuminating chemiexcited PDT system. Within the space-confined nanoreactor, biofuel glucose is converted to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which enhances luminol-based chemiluminescence (CL), consequently driving the generation of photochemical singlet oxygen (1O2) via chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer. Meanwhile, hemoglobin functions as a synchronized oxygen supplier for both glucose oxidation and PDT, while also exhibiting peroxidase-like activity to produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Crucially, the nanoreactor keeps switching off in normal tissues, with on-demand activation in tumors through toehold-mediated strand displacement. These findings demonstrate that this nanoreactor, which is self-sufficient in light and oxygen and precise in striking tumors, presents a promising paradigm for managing highly metastatic cancers.

The Impact of Key Terms in Business Marketing on Corporate Marketing Strategies: A Case Study of McDonalds

In the context of increased competition in the fast food industry, enterprises need to continuously optimize their marketing strategies to maintain a competitive edge. The paper examines the role of corporate marketing key terms in corporate marketing strategies, using a case study approach to analyze the practical application of key terms in the brand positioning and marketing strategies of McDonalds as an example. Moreover, in this paper, the emphasis is placed on the impact of these key terms on consumers attitudes, behavioral choices, brand awareness and loyalty, and McDonalds competitive advantage in the global marketplace. As such, the study demonstrates how McDonalds utilizes these concepts for effective market segmentation, cross-cultural marketing and advertising communication, which may provide a reference for other brands to optimise their marketing strategies. The results suggest that a deeper understanding and flexible use of these key terms can assist enterprises in maintaining competitiveness in a swiftly evolving market landscape. Further research can investigate the potential for the application of key terms in emerging markets and digital marketing.

Lions, Game Players and Niche Providers: Universities' Positioning in Funding Competitions in Germany

ABSTRACTThis research addresses two important developments in the academic field: First, universities are transforming into organisational actors, gaining more responsibilities and capacities for strategic action, and second, competition has reached a new level. An important driver of competition and universities' development towards strategic actorhood is funding contests in which actors compete with proposals over a limited timeframe with clear evaluation criteria. In Germany, funding contests are central to the crystallisation of a broader competitive positioning and universities develop different strategic approaches in relation to them. We focus on two large‐scale funding contests to analyse universities' heterogeneous positioning strategies: The German Excellence Initiative (EI) and the Quality Pact for Teaching (QPL). We empirically develop three ideal types of universities in terms of strategic positioning (lions, niche providers and game players) and examine different strategic approaches taken by universities when relating to internal and external reference groups.

The Impact of Packaging Elements on Consumer Purchasing Behavior Based on Behavioral Economics

This paper explores the impact of packaging elements on consumer purchasing behavior through the lens of behavioral economics. It reviews the historical evolution of consumer purchasing behaviors, highlighting the role of advertising and branding in modern marketing. The study emphasizes the significance of understanding consumer behavior to optimize brand positioning and marketing strategies. By analyzing packaging elements like color, design, material, and information transmission, the paper underscores their influence on consumer decisions. Empirical analysis through a questionnaire survey of Chinese consumers provides insights into the correlation between packaging and purchasing behavior. The findings suggest that well-designed packaging can significantly enhance product perception and consumer purchasing intent. Despite its contributions, the study acknowledges limitations such as a narrow geographic scope and short-term focus, recommending future research to address these gaps for a more comprehensive understanding of packaging's long-term effects on consumer behavior.

The effect of brand authenticity on brand loyalty in the frozen food industry: findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of brand authenticity on consumer brand loyalty in the Pakistani frozen food industry sector in the light of the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory.Design/methodology/approachThe quantitative approach utilized a survey questionnaire to acquire customers’ perceptions. A simple random technique was used to collect data. About 255 questionnaires were analysed, and the response rate was 72.86%. The measurement and structural model were constructed through Smart PLS-4 and fsQCA.FindingsThe findings indicated that brand authenticity positively affects brand loyalty in the Pakistani frozen food industry. Results further proved that brand involvement has a full mediation effect, fsQCA supports the same results, and customer satisfaction has a partial mediation effect. These findings offer valuable insights into the frozen food industry in Pakistan and other countries, allowing them to create successful tactics to engage customers and foster brand loyalty. The findings reveal the complexity and ever-changing nature of how consumers assess brand authenticity in the frozen food industry.Practical implicationsThese findings also have implications for the frozen food business’s marketing and brand positioning strategies, particularly its utilization of brand authenticity to attract and retain consumers.Originality/valueThis is the first paper in the frozen food sector from the perspective of brand authenticity.

Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy Without Segmental Fixation in Skeletal Class II.

The new orthognathic treatment strategy of non-segmental fixation (non-fix) sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) with jaw exercise initiation on the second postoperative day, the so-called physiological positioning strategy (PPS), induces good skeletal stability with few temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms after surgery in skeletal class III. This study aimed to clarify whether non-fix SSRO with modified PPS can be applied to skeletal class II. This retrospective study included skeletal class II patients who underwent non-fix SSRO to correct mandibular retrognathia. Jaw exercise was initiated within 10 postoperative days. Cephalometric analyses were performed before (T1), immediately after (T2), and more than 6 months after (T3) surgery. Skeletal and dental stability, and TMJ symptoms were evaluated. Twelve patients (2 men, 10 women; mean age 22.9±7.1y) were included. The mean mandibular advancement was 6.8±1.8mm. angle between S-N and N-B. was 73.6±4.5, 77.1±3.9, and 75.1±4.4 degrees at T1, T2, and T3, meaning 60.5% relapse. The Menton moved forward by 6.3mm from T1 to T2 and relapsed by 4.6mm at T3. The duration of intermaxillary traction showed a moderate negative correlation with angle between S-N and N-B. relapse (r=-0.42, P=0.1787). Only 2 TMJ symptoms (2/24, 8.3%) developed postoperatively. This study suggests that non-fix SSRO with modified PPS is a suitable method for skeletal class II malocclusion. Further research with a larger sample size and detailed analysis of the effect of intermaxillary traction on skeletal stability after surgery is needed.

Research on Downhole MTATBOT Positioning and Autonomous Driving Strategies Based on Odometer-Assisted Inertial Measurement.

In response to the current situation of backward automation levels, heavy labor intensities, and high accident rates in the underground coal mine auxiliary transportation system, the mining trackless auxiliary transportation robot (MTATBOT) is presented in this paper. The MTATBOT is specially designed for long-range, space-constrained, and explosion-proof underground coal mine environments. With an onboard perception and autopilot system, the MTATBOT can perform automated and unmanned subterranean material transportation. This paper proposes an integrated odometry-based method to improve position estimation and mitigate location ambiguities for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) in large-scale, GNSS-denied, and perceptually degraded subterranean transport roadway scenarios. Additionally, this paper analyzes the robot dynamic model and presents a nonlinear control strategy for the robot to autonomously track a planned trajectory based on the path-following error dynamic model. Finally, the proposed algorithm and control strategy are tested and validated both in a virtual transport roadway environment and in an active underground coal mine. The test results indicate that the proposed algorithm can obtain more accurate and robust robot odometry and better large-scale underground roadway mapping results compared with other SLAM solutions.

Minimax differential game with a fixed end moment

The minimax game problem of the convergence of a conflict controlled system in a finite-dimensional Euclidean space at a fixed time moment is studied. The issues related to the construction of solutions to the problem are discussed - calculation and approximate calculation of resolvability sets and resolving positional strategies of the first player. The paper develops the method of unification by N.N. Krasovsky. The positional strategy of the first player is studied. This strategy is based on the extreme aiming of the trajectory of a conflict-controlled system at the finite systems of sets in phase space approximating the set of solvability of the convergence problem. The main result of the work is justification of the effectiveness of the extreme aiming strategy for an approximate solution of the problem. Unification constructions were used to substantiate the effectiveness of the strategy complementing the method of unification by N.N. Krasovsky.

Robin Sequence: Neonatal Management

Robin sequence (RS) is defined by the clinical triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction. The presence of glossoptosis can also obstruct fusion of the palatal shelves during development, resulting in the characteristic wide U-shaped cleft palate. RS can present in isolation (isolated RS) or in association with a congenital syndrome or other abnormalities (syndromic RS or RS plus). Diagnosis is primarily clinical but can be identified prenatally on ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging. Management of RS focuses on improving glossoptosis and relieving airway obstruction. Conservative management includes positioning, nasopharyngeal airway, orthodontic appliances, and respiratory support strategies. Surgical interventions include tracheostomy, tongue-lip adhesion, and mandibular distraction osteogenesis. All management strategies can be effective in the appropriately selected patient. Future areas of research include understanding the genetics of RS, improving surgical outcomes with preoperative planning and advanced biomaterials, and improving prenatal identification of children with clinically significant RS.

Meeting Market and Societal Ambitions with New Robust Grape Varietals: Sustainability, the Green Deal, and Wineries’ Resilience

This study investigates the sustainability impact of fungus-resistant grape varieties within viticulture, addressing economic, ecological, and social dimensions. Pesticide management is of paramount importance for wineries but causes additional costs, impairs sustainability, and faces societal non-acceptance. Digital monitoring of four German wineries for two consecutive years allowed us to compare treatments of traditional and robust varietals. The results demonstrate that the latter enables a significant reduction in pesticide treatments, can be key for copper reduction, and is of paramount importance for organic winemaking. By reducing pesticide dependency, lowering operational costs, hedging risks, and improving labor efficiency, FRW present a key to sustainable viticulture. The results suggest that robust varietals present a means to comply with societal pressure and to meet EU Green Deal ambitions. This paper contributes new, practice-oriented knowledge on FRW’s role in sustainable viticulture, confirming both the ecological and economic advantages in real-world settings, alongside unique insights into social sustainability and market positioning strategies. Sustainability impact is quantified, and a newly introduced productivity metric allows for the orchestration of resilience. The findings contribute to the discourse on sustainable agriculture by validating FRW as a strategic response to climate and regulatory pressures, resilience, and competitive positioning.

Formulation of Micro Product Positioning Strategy

This study examines the strategic alignment of microfinance products following the integration of PNM, Pegadaian, and BRI into the Ultra Micro Holding (UMi). A primary focus is the standardization of micro-segment products to avoid overlap and strengthen the ecosystem. The analysis highlights similarities among BRI’s KUPEDES, Micro Pegadaian, and PNM’s ULaMM products, emphasizing the impact on ULaMM’s conventional individual lending. Identifying product overlaps and conducting comparative feature analysis is essential for continuous product improvement. The study employs a qualitative approach to: (1) analyze product feature comparisons, (2) assess customer satisfaction performance, (3) investigate the background of product feature overlaps, and (4) formulate a customer-driven development and positioning strategy. Findings aim to present a Sustainable Competitive Advantage using strategic management tools. Key informants and structured timelines are designed to minimize respondent disruption while collecting insights for product differentiation. A SWOT analysis of PNM’s Business Model Canvas post-integration will inform strategic initiatives for growth over the next five years. Effective marketing programs must communicate the desired product perception, while the company prepares for potential digital transitions to enhance technology readiness and customer experience management. Addressing operational gaps and aligning human capital within the holding is crucial for fostering stakeholder engagement and sustainable growth.

Comparative Analysis of Tesla and Ford: Investment Recommendations Based on the 7Ps Marketing Portfolio and Porter's Five Forces Model

Investors increasingly focus on identifying favourable investment opportunities in the rapidly developing automotive industry. This study aims to analyse Tesla and Ford comprehensively, focusing on their financial performance, strategic positioning, and product strategies. This study evaluated the investment potential of these two significant companies using financial ratio analysis, Porter's Five Forces Analysis, and the 7Ps framework. The analysis results show that although Tesla has demonstrated significant growth and innovation capabilities, its investments in autonomous driving, battery, and sustainable energy solutions have placed it in a favourable position in the future market. However, with its long history and extensive market coverage, Ford has demonstrated robustness and adaptability in the traditional automotive market. The research conclusion is an investment recommendation based on the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the two companies. Tesla's advantage lies in its forward-looking technology and market leadership, while Ford's lies in its stable financial performance and market adaptability. This analysis provides valuable insights for investors and lays the foundation for future investors' choices and investments.

The Use of Trendelenburg Position in the Management of Retropharyngeal Abscess: A Case Report and Clinical Considerations

Background: Retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) is a serious deep neck space infection that can lead to life-threatening complications such as airway obstruction, mediastinitis, and sepsis. The Trendelenburg position, where the patient's head is lower than their feet, has been traditionally used in the management of RPA to prevent aspiration of pus in case of abscess rupture. However, the optimal positioning for patients with RPA remains a topic of debate. Case presentation: A 51-year-old male patient presented to the emergency room with a 5-day history of progressive dysphagia and neck swelling. He was diagnosed with a ruptured retropharyngeal abscess extending to the mediastinum (descending necrotizing mediastinitis). The patient underwent surgical drainage and was subsequently admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), where he was intubated and mechanically ventilated in the Trendelenburg position. Five days later, the patient developed pneumonia, suspected to be ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Conclusion: The Trendelenburg position may be considered in the management of RPA to minimize the risk of aspiration. However, it is essential to weigh the potential benefits against the risks, including VAP, and to consider alternative positions such as the lateral Trendelenburg position, which may offer similar benefits with reduced risk. Further research is needed to determine the optimal positioning strategy for patients with RPA.

Hovering Control on a Variable-Parameters Model of a Small Unmanned Helicopter Based on a Backstepping Sliding Mode Method

In order to strengthen the hovering precision of a small unmanned helicopter with a manipulator for completing a hovering operation, in this study, a double-loop control strategy of position and attitude is designed. In the position loop, a sliding mode controller is proposed. It attains high precision and strong robustness under continuous disturbance. With the manipulator continuously operating during helicopter hovering, the overall center of gravity and the moment of inertia of the system will also change. Therefore, a backstepping sliding mode controller is proposed in the attitude loop for controlling the hovering attitude of the helicopter. The high precision and strong robustness of the control system are proven. The digital simulation presents a position steady-state error of less than 2% under constant disturbance, and the hovering attitude angle fluctuation amplitude of the helicopter is less than 0.05 rad.

Temporal ViT-U-Net Tandem Model: Enhancing Multi-Sensor Land Cover Classification Through Transformer-Based Utilization of Satellite Image Time Series

Abstract. Semantic segmentation is essential in the field of remote sensing because it is used for various applications such as environmental monitoring and land cover classification. Recent advancements aim to collectively classify data from diverse sensors and epochs to improve predictive accuracy. With the availability of vast Satellite Image Time Series (SITS) data, supervised deep learning methods, such as Transformer models, become viable options. This paper introduces the Temporal Vision Transformer(ViT), designed to extract features from SITS. These features, capturing the temporal patterns of land cover classes, are integrated with features derived from aerial imagery to improve land cover classification. Drawing inspiration from the success of transformers in Natural language processing (NLP), Temporal ViT concurrently extracts spatial and temporal information from SITS data using tailored positional encoding strategies. The proposed approach fosters comprehensive feature learning across both domains, facilitating seamless integration of encoded data from SITS into aerial images. Furthermore, a training strategy is proposed that supports the Temporal ViT to focus on classes with a changing appearance over the year. Extensive experiments carried out in this work indicate the enhanced classification performance of Temporal ViT compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques for multi-modal land cover classification. Our model achieves a 3.8% increase in the mean IoU compared to the network solely relying on aerial images.

Product Development and Positioning Strategies for Seaclues Local Coffee

Seacules Coffee Shop uses psychographic, demographic, and behavioral factors to segment the market. Seaclues Coffee Shop's target market includes consumers between the ages of 18 and 45 who lead an active lifestyle and work as professionals or students. Seaclues Coffee Shop's goods are presented as premium coffee beverages. Seaclues serves high-quality coffee beans that have been roasted by a roaster. Coffee is served to customers with high quality services provided in a comfortable atmosphere. By implementing the right positioning strategy, Seaclues Coffee Shop can attract and retain the right customers, increase customer satisfaction, and build long-term loyalty. To respond to the dynamic market, Seaclues Coffee Shop has carried out product development by creating unique and high quality product variants. The quality of Seaclues coffee products comes from high quality coffee beans that go through a roasting process before being processed for serving. Seaclues Coffee Shop develops innovative and unique coffee products by utilizing spices. Accurate positioning and product development help Seaclues Coffee Shop create quality products that are different from competitors, which strengthens Seaclues Coffee Shop's presence in a competitive market.

The Unclear Positioning Strategy: Useful Unclear Positioning in the Market

Unclear positioning is often seen as a flaw in marketing strategies, yet it can be beneficial for products like watches, cars, and luxury items that serve both practical and status-symbol functions. These products can be positioned ambiguously to appear as high-end offerings. This article examines the utility of unclear positioning by addressing four key areas: (1) the specific aspects of a product's positioning that can remain ambiguous, (2) the types of products that can benefit from unclear positioning, (3) the consumer psychology underlying unclear positioning, and (4) the potential application of unclear positioning strategies in emerging markets. This research provides valuable insights for companies in developing effective market positioning strategies, utilizing case studies and statistical analysis to demonstrate the efficacy of unclear positioning. This article shows product with high quality and mix attribution, come from companies with the already had regional and brand image can be benefit from the unclear positioning, since consumers are drawn to products that help them obscure their social status, offering them a sense of higher psychological ownership and happiness.

TikTok Shop: Future of E-Commerce? How Can Galderma Leverage Tiktok Shop to Increase its Penetration and Improve its Market Share in Indonesia Skincare Market?

TikTok was introduced to the Indonesian market in September 2017. Upon its launch, TikTok quickly gained popularity among Indonesian users, especially among the younger demographic, for its short-form video content that allowed for creative expression and entertainment. One of TikTok services is TikTok Shop, an integrated e-commerce capabilities directly within the TikTok app, allowing users to browse, purchase, and sell products without leaving the platform. They launch this service in April 2021. The platform introduced features like shoppable videos and live shopping events, where users could interact with influencers and brands in real-time while purchasing products providing a new and engaging way for Indonesian businesses to reach potential customers and boost sales through interactive and entertaining content. Galderma Indonesia Healthcare is one of the leading companies dedicated to advancing dermatology for every skin story. Galderma strategically its positioned in attractive, consumer-driven segments of the dermatology market, characterized by high growth fundamentals supported by science-based product differentiation and premium positioning. One of Galderma’s brands that is available in Indonesia is Cetaphil. Cetaphil products are available in modern retailers with Health & Beauty channel as the top contributor, followed by general trade and pharmacy channel. Even though available, Cetaphil is still low in in skincare category penetration. This study examines the positioning and promotional strategies of Cetaphil on TikTok Shop using qualitative research methods. Primary data was gathered through expert interviews, while secondary data was sourced from internal company reports, previous research studies, and strategic agency reports.